miR-192-5p在增生性瘢痕组织及成纤维细胞中的表达及调控

背景:研究表明,miRNAs的表达与肝纤维化、肾纤维化及皮肤纤维化发生有关;并证实在痛风性关节炎中miR-192-5p与表皮调节素存在靶向调控关系。目的:探讨miR-192-5p在增生性瘢痕中的表达及调控作用,并验证miR-192-5p与表皮调节素之间存在靶向调控关系。方法:①在新疆医科大学第一附属医院收集6例增生性瘢痕组织及6例正常皮肤组织,采用qRT-PCR法检测miR-192-5p与表皮调节素mRNA表达。②组织块法获取原代增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞,传代培养至3-6代用于后续实验,实验分为3个组:阴性对照组、miR-192-5p模拟物组和miR-192-5p抑制物组,分别转染对应的序列。采用CCK-8法和EdU试剂盒检测细胞增殖活力,划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,qRT-PCR和Western blot法检测表皮调节素、Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅲ型胶原和α-SMA的基因和蛋白表达,生物信息学网站预测miR-192-5p靶点,双荧光素酶实验验证靶向结合。结果与结论:①与正常皮肤组织及其成纤维细胞相比,miR-192-5p和表皮调节素在增生性瘢痕和增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞中均呈高表达(P<0.05或P<0.01);②过表达miR-192-5p后,与阴性对照组比较,细胞增殖能力增强(P<0.05),EdU阳性细胞率增加(P<0.01);抑制miR-192-5p后细胞活力降低(P<0.05),EdU阳性细胞率减少(P<0.05);③过表达miR-192-5p 24 h后,与阴性对照组比较,模拟物组细胞划痕间面积、细胞凋亡率减小(P<0.05),miR-192-5p抑制物组细胞划痕间面积、细胞凋亡率增加(P<0.01);④转染48 h后,miR-192-5p模拟物组表皮调节素mRNA及蛋白水平显著降低、Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅲ型胶原和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白mRNA及蛋白水平显著增高(P<0.05或P<0.01);miR-192-5p抑制物组上述4项指标呈现相反的变化(P<0.05或P<0.01);⑤Targetscan网站预测表皮调节素与miR-192-5p有潜在结合位点;⑥双荧光素酶实验显示,miR-192-5p能够与表皮调节素靶向结合。结果说明:miR-192-5p过表达可降低表皮调节素的表达,二者可能存在负向调控;提示通过调控表皮调节素可能起到抑制增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞增殖的作用。

卷曲螺旋结构域蛋白2通过促进线粒体自噬抑制帕金森病SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡

背景:卷曲螺旋结构域蛋白2(coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing 2,CHCHD2)能否调控PINK1/Parkin介导的线粒体自噬在帕金森病中发挥神经保护作用尚未可知。目的:探讨CHCHD2在6-羟基多巴胺诱导的帕金森病细胞模型中对PINK1/Parkin信号通路介导的线粒体自噬发挥的作用及机制。方法:利用重组质粒转染技术过表达或敲低CHCHD2,用6-羟基多巴胺构建SH-SY5Y细胞帕金森病模型后分对照组、模型组、过表达阴性对照+6-羟基多巴胺组、敲低阴性对照+6-羟基多巴胺组、过表达CHCHD2+6-羟基多巴胺组和敲低CHCHD2+6-羟基多巴胺组。Western blot及RT-qPCR检测CHCHD2的表达;Western blot检测LC3Ⅰ/Ⅱ、p62、MFN1、COXⅣ、DRP1、PINK1、Parkin、TIM23、Bax、Bcl-2及cleavedcaspase3蛋白表达;CCK-8、JC-1和活性氧试剂盒检测细胞活性、线粒体膜电位和活性氧水平,单丹磺酰尸胺染色观察细胞自噬情况,透射电镜观察自噬溶酶体。结果与结论:①与对照组相比,模型组细胞活性、线粒体膜电位及CHCHD2、PINK1、Parkin蛋白表达降低,活性氧水平、凋亡水平及LC3Ⅰ/Ⅱ、p62蛋白表达升高(P<0.05),并观察到自噬溶酶体的存在;②与模型组相比,过表达CHCHD2能降低细胞活性氧水平,升高线粒体膜电位及PINK1、Parkin和MFN1蛋白表达水平,并观察到线粒体自噬溶酶体增多,而敲低CHCHD2后有与上述相反的作用,并伴有COXⅣ、TIM23和p-DRP1蛋白表达的升高(P<0.05);③与模型组相比,过表达CHCHD2能减少细胞凋亡,上调Bcl-2并下调Bax及cleavedcaspase3蛋白的表达,而敲低CHCHD2后有与上述相反的作用(P<0.05);④结果提示,CHCHD2在6-羟基多巴胺诱导的帕金森病细胞模型中可以通过促进PINK1/Parkin介导的线粒体自噬改善线粒体功能从而减轻细胞凋亡发挥神经保护作用。

miR-192-5p靶向CKIP-1促进骨质疏松患者骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化

背景:酪蛋白激酶2结合蛋白1(casein kinase 2-interaction protein-1,CKIP-1)是一种重要的骨形成负调控基因,其敲除鼠骨质显著增强、骨形成和骨密度也显著提高。而miRNA作为较早发现的小分子调控物,对大多数编码基因具有调控作用,在成骨分化中发挥重要作用。目的:探讨miRNA/CKIP-1对骨质疏松患者骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响及其分子机制。方法:采用miRNA-Seq技术检测2022年3-6月在开封市中心医院骨外科就诊32例骨质疏松患者及同期体检中心健康人群骨髓间充质干细胞中miRNA的变化情况;利用Targetscan网站预测靶向调控CKIP-1的miRNA,利用荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miRNA与CKIP-1启动子区DNA的结合;在骨髓间充质干细胞中转染miR-192-5p类似物(miR-192-5p mimics)/阴性对照(NC mimics)或miR-192-5p抑制剂(miR-192-5p inhibitor)/阴性对照(NC inhibitor),成骨诱导后第7,14天,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术及茜素红染色检测成骨标志基因Runt相关转录因子2(Runx2)、骨钙素、抗骨桥蛋白、骨唾液蛋白及CKIP-1的表达水平和骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的情况;采用蛋白质免疫印迹实验及茜素红染色检测miR-192-5p/CKIP-1/轴对细胞成骨分化的的调控作用。结果与结论:与健康组相比,骨质疏松组有16个miRNA表达明显升高,53个miRNA表达明显降低(P<0.05);利用Targetscan网站预测,并通过荧光素酶报告基因实验验证,发现miR-192-5p与CKIP-1有互补的核苷酸序列(P<0.05);过表达miR-192-5p,Runx2、骨钙素、骨桥素和骨唾液蛋白的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),抑制miR-192-5p,Runx2、骨钙素、骨桥素和骨唾液蛋白的表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),而沉默CKIP-1的表达后,Runx2、骨钙素及骨桥素的蛋白水平增加(P<0.05),逆转了敲低miR-192-5p对细胞成骨分化的抑制作用。上述结果证实,miR-192-5p在骨质疏松症中表达降低;miR-192-5p通过靶向抑制CKIP-1的表达,促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化。

酸枣仁提取物调控miR-7b-3p/5-羟色胺1A受体表达促进骨生长

背景:前期研究发现,酸枣仁提取物通过提高脑组织5-羟色胺1A受体(serotonin 1A receptor,5-HT1AR)表达,使之与5-羟色胺结合,延长小鼠慢波睡眠,促进生长激素的分泌,从而使骨生长。5-HT1AR作为一种蛋白质,其表达丰度受到miRNA的调控。作者推测酸枣仁提取物可能通过miRNA调控5-HT1AR的表达从而发挥药物作用。目的:观察酸枣仁提取物通过干预小鼠脑组织中miR-7b-3p/5-HT1AR通路对骨骼生长的影响。方法:①将昆明种小鼠分为正常对照组、用药组(灌胃酸枣仁提取物0.320 mg/g),阳性对照组(灌胃酸枣仁皂甙0.013 mg/g)和酸枣仁提取物+5-HT1AR抑制剂组(灌胃酸枣仁提取物最后3 d同时每天侧脑室注射5-HT1AR选择性抑制剂P-MPPF 8μg),25 d后观察酸枣仁提取物对小鼠骨生长、血清生长激素水平及脑组织5-HT1AR表达的影响;②基因芯片法筛选由酸枣仁提取物引起的骨生长小鼠与普通小鼠脑组织差异表达的miRNAs,并通过PCR验证和双荧光素酶报告基因实验证实筛选的miR-7b-3p与5-HT1AR的调控关系;③体外培养小鼠脑皮质细胞并鉴定,利用Western blot法观察酸枣仁提取物对脑皮质细胞中5-HT1AR表达的影响;④将昆明种小鼠分为正常对照组、用药组、miR-7b-3p inhibitor组、用药+miR-7b-3p mimics组、阳性对照组,观察各组小鼠脑组织5-HT1AR表达及5-羟色胺与5-HT1AR结合活性;⑤将SD大鼠分为正常对照组、用药组、miR-7b-3p inhibitor组、用药+miR-7b-3p mimics组、阳性对照组,观察各组大鼠慢波睡眠的变化。结果与结论:①酸枣仁提取物可以促进小鼠体长、胫骨增长,促进生长激素分泌,提高脑组织5-HT1AR含量;②基因芯片筛选出差异表达的miRNAs个数为16个,其中上调有13个,下调有3个;生物信息学预测下调miR-7b-3p可以调控5-HT1AR表达,且双荧光素酶报告基因实验证实二者有直接调控关系;③酸枣仁提取物和沉默脑皮质细胞中miR-7b-3p表达可以引起5-HT1AR高表达;沉默miR-7b-3p后小鼠脑组织5-HT1AR表达、5-羟色胺与5-HT1AR结合活性及生长激素分泌均升高;过表达miR-7b-3p后小鼠脑组织5-HT1AR表达、5-羟色胺与5-HT1AR结合活性及生长激素分泌均降低;大鼠慢波睡眠期也相应延长或缩短。结果表明,酸枣仁提取物能够降低脑组织的miR-7b-3p水平,同时增加5-HT1AR的表达量。这种机制有助于延长慢波睡眠周期,并且促进生长激素的生成,对骨骼生长有积极影响,为使用酸枣仁提取物作为促进骨骼生长的潜在手段提供了科学依据。

5-羟甲基糠醛在CuPd(111)上的加氢反应机理研究

采用密度泛函理论,利用包含零点能校正的PBE-D3方法研究了5-羟甲基糠醛在双金属催化剂CuPd(111)上表面的加氢还原反应,考虑了两种反应路径,第一种反应路径是侧链上的醛基氧首先发生加氢反应生成F-CHOH中间体,然后F-CHOH中间体继续加氢生成2,5-二羟甲基呋喃;第二种反应路径是侧链上的醛基碳先加氢原还原生成F-CH_(2)O中间体,生成的F-CH_(2)O进一步加氢还原生成2,5-二羟甲基呋喃.计算了两种竞争反应路径的活化能垒和反应热,结果表明,5-羟甲基糠醛在CuPd(111)面加氢还原生成2,5-二羟甲基呋喃的最佳反应路径为:F-CHO→F-CHOH→F-CH_(2)OH.

Tong xie yao fang relieves irritable bowel syndrome in rats via mechanisms involving regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine and substance P

AIM: To investigate whether the Chinese medicine Tong Xie Yao Fang(TXYF) improves dysfunction in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) rat model. METHODS: Thirty baby rats for IBS modeling were separated from mother rats(1 h per day) from days 8 to 21, and the rectum was expanded by angioplasty from days 8 to 12. Ten normal rats were used as normal controls. We examined the effects of TXYF on defection frequency, colonic transit function and smooth muscle contraction, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and substance P(SP) in colonic and hypothalamus tissues by Western blot and RT-PCT techniques in both normal rats and IBS model rats with characterized visceral hypersensitivity.in normal rats and 4.5 ± 1.58 in IBS model rats(P < 0.001). However, the defecation frequency was significantly decreased(3.0 ± 1.25 vs 4.5 ± 1.58, P < 0.05), while the time(in seconds) of colon transit function was significantly increased(256.88 ± 20.32 vs 93.36 ± 17.28, P < 0.001) in IBS + TXYF group rats than in IBS group rats. Increased colonic smooth muscle tension and contract frequency in IBS model rats were significantly decreased by administration of TXYF. Exogenous agonist stimulants increased spontaneous activity and elicited contractions of colon smooth muscle in IBS model rats, and all of these actions were significantly reduced by TXYF involving 5-HT and SP down-regulation. CONCLUSION: TXYF can modulate the activity of the enteric nervous system and alter 5-HT and SP activities, which may contribute to the symptoms of IBS.

Changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine and tryptophan hydroxylase expression in the ventral horn of spinal cord

Objective To investigate changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and its synthesis rate-limiting enzyme tryp-tophan hydroxylase （TPH） in the ventral horn of spinal cord after exercise-induced fatigue, and to further discuss the mecha- nism of exercise-induced central fatigue at spinal level. Methods Sixteen healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups： exercise-induced fatigue group and control group. Immunohistochemical staining for 5-HT and TPH in the ventral horn were performed and analysized quantitatively. The mean optic densities of 5-HT and TPH positive fibers or terminals were measured by computerized image analyzer. Results Both 5-HT and TPH positive fibers/terminals decreased in the exercise-induced fatigue group. The immunohistochemical staining was weaker and the mean optic densities decreased obviously in the fatigue group compared with those in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion 5-HT and TPH in the ventral horn of spinal cord might be involved in exercise-induced fatigue.

Orbitofrontal cortex action of 5-hydroxytryptamine and its receptor in an acute forced swimming stress-induced depression model

BACKGROUND： The orbitofrontal cortex （OFC） is a brain region closely associated with emotion. 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） has been shown to be involved in human depression. OBJECTIVE： To investigate OFC actions and mechanisms of 5-HT and 5-HT1A receptor （5-HT1AR） in stress-induced depression.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University between May 2006 and March 2008. MATERIALS： 5-HT, p-chlorophenylalanine （PCPA, an inhibitor to tryptophan hydroxylase） and spiperone （5-HT1AR antagonist） were provided by Sigma, USA; rabbit anti-rat 5-HT1AR antibody was provided by Tianjin Haoyang Biological Manufacture. METHODS： A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley rats, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into five groups： control, model, 5-HT, spiperone ＋ 5-HT, and PCPA, with 8 rats in each group. Except for control group, rats in the other four groups were used to establish depression models by forced swimming for 15 minutes. At 30 minutes before forced swimming test, 0.5 pL of 5-HT （12.5 pg/pL）, PCPA （20 pg/pL）, spiperone （1.3 pg/pL） ＋ 5-HT （12.5 pg/pL, 10 minutes later）, and saline were respectively injected into the OFC of 5-HT, PCPA, spiperone ＋ 5-HT, and model groups, respectively. The control group received a saline microinjection into the OFC.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Forced swimming and open field tests were employed to measure animal behaviors, and immunohistochemistry was used to analyze 5-HT1AR expression in the OFC, cingulate cortex, and piriform cortex. RESULTS： （1） Compared with the model group, 5-HT microinjection into the OFC prominently reduced immobility time in the forced swimming test and rearing in open field test （P 〈 0.05）; locomotion and grooming in open field test were increased, although there was no significance （P 〉 0.05）. Furthermore, following PCPA microinjection into the OFC （PCPA ＋ forced swimming stress）, immobility time in forced swimming test increased dramatically （P〈 0.01）, locomotion and rearing in open field test declined （P〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01, respectively）. Compared with the 5-HT group, 5-HT1AR antagonist （spiperone ＋ 5-HT ＋ forced swimming stress） increased immobility time in forced swimming test （P 〈 0.01）, but decreased locomotion, rearing, and grooming in open field test. （2） Forced swimming stress markedly elevated 5-HT1AR expression in OFC, cingulate cortex, and piriform cortex （P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： 5-HT improved stress-induced depression, and 5-HT anti-depression effects are primarily achieved via 5-HT1AR. Stress-induced up regulation of 5-HT1AR expression might be a compensatory mechanism for decreased 5-HT expression.

5-hydroxytryptamine-mediated apnea caused by the habenular nucleus

5-hydroxytryptamine contributes to the control of activities of the dilator muscle in the upper respiratory tract, and is derived from the raphe nuclei, in which the habenular nucleus exerts a sustaJned inhibitory effect. In the present study, respiratory motion curve of the genJoglossus muscle and peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine changes were observed following L-glutamate stimulation of the habenular nucleus of adult Wistar rats. Results showed that the rats had apnea and decreased plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine content after the neurons in habenular nucleus were excited. Genioglossus muscle electromyogram amplitude and integral were significantly reduced. The genioglossus myoelectric activity and respiratory motion curve were similar to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, thus confirming that the habenular nucleus is the key nucleus involved in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and is the primary regulated center in the raphe nuclei. Stimulation of the habenular nucleus may suppress 5-hydroxytryptamine release and result in apnea, which is similar to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

In the present study, electrical stimulation to the rat insular cortex induced apnea or respiratory disturbance, reduced amplitude of genioglossal electromyogram, and decreased electromyogram integrals. In addition, arterial blood gas analysis showed arterial blood acidosis, reduced pH values, increased alkali reserve negative values, decreased peripheral blood 5-hydroxytryptamine content, and increased 5-hydroxytryptamine expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Following lidocaine injection to block the habenular nucleus, abnormalities in breath, genioglossal electromyogram, and blood gas values disappeared, and peripheral blood 5-hydroxytryptamine content returned to levels prior to electric stimulation. However, 5-hydroxytryptamine expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells remained high. The results suggested that 5-hydroxytryptamine expression in Purkinje cells did not correlate with ventilation function involving insular cortex and habenular nucleus.

Ovarian hormone modulates 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors mRNA expression in rat colon with restraint stress-induced bowel dysfunction

AIM: To examine the effects of ovarian hormone on the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors (5-HT3R) in rat colon of restraint stress-induced bowel dysfunction.METHODS: Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 8 each: sham operation,ovariectomy (OVX) and ovariectomy with estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P) replacement therapy (OVX+E2+P). The rats were subjected to 1-h restraint stress 4 wk after operation.The changes of defecation were monitored by collection of fecal pellets. The gonadal steroids were measured in duplicate by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The expression of 5-HT3R mRNA in the colon was studied by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Compared with sham group and OVX+E2+P group, OVX group showed increase in fecal pellets and decrease in the time of vitreous pellets excretion (P<0.01).Serum levels of E2 and P were suppressed in OVX group and restored following treatment with ovarian steroids (P<0.01),and the levels of 5-HT3R mRNA in the colon of ovariectomized rats were significantly increased, the expression of 5-HT3R mRNA was significantly decreased in hormone replacement therapy group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Ovarian hormone plays a role in the regulation of 5-HT3R expressions in restraint stress-induced bowel dysfunction of rats. The interactions between ovarian steroids and gastrointestinal tract may have major pathophysiological implications in 5-HT-related disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

龟羚帕安丸对帕金森病大鼠血清NSE、Cys-C、5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平的影响

目的观察龟羚帕安丸对帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)大鼠血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(Neuron-specific enolase,NSE)、胱抑素C(Cystatin C,Cys-C)、5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、5-羟基吲哚乙酸(5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid,5-HIAA)及去甲肾上腺素(Norepinephrine,NE)水平的影响。方法采用6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)立体定向注射法制作PD大鼠模型,造模成功的PD大鼠随机分为模型组,西药组,中药高、中、低剂量组,中西药合用组,每组15只,另设假手术组15只。模型组及假手术组给予等容积生理盐水灌胃,其余组给予相应药物灌胃,连续给药28 d。大鼠腹主动脉取血,用酶联免疫吸附测定法(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测各组大鼠血清NSE、Cys-C、5-HT、5-HIAA及NE的水平。结果模型组大鼠血清NSE及Cys-C水平均明显升高,血清5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平均明显降低;中药各剂量组、中西药合用组、西药组血清NSE及Cys-C水平均明显降低,5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平均明显升高。结论龟羚帕安丸具有明显神经保护作用,作用机制与降低NSE及Cys-C水平,增加5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平,降低脑实质损伤、神经炎症损伤及提高单胺类神经递质有关。

血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平与帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的相关性分析

目的探讨血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平与帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的关系。方法选取2020年2月至2022年2月巴中市中心医院收治的118例帕金森病患者作为疾病组,另选取同期在该院体检的健康者106例作为对照组,所有研究对象均检测血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平,并采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估认知功能。根据MoCA评分将帕金森病患者分为认知功能障碍组和无认知功能障碍组,对比认知功能障碍组、无认知功能障碍组血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平,采用Pearson法分析血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平与帕金森病患者认知功能的相关性,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线分析血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平对帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的评估价值。结果疾病组血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平及MoCA评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疾病组中晚期患者血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平及MoCA评分均低于早期患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。认知功能障碍组血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平均低于无认知功能障碍组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson分析结果显示,帕金森病患者血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平均与MoCA评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平联合评估帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的灵敏度高于单独评估帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的灵敏度(χ^(2)=7.413,P=0.006;χ^(2)=9.714,P=0.002;χ^(2)=8.541,P=0.003),其曲线下面积(AUC)高于单独评估帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的AUC(Z=2.479,P=0.013;Z=2.271,P=0.023;Z=2.451,P=0.014)。结论不同分期帕金森病患者血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平和认知功能存在差异,血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺、高香草酸水平均与帕金森病患者认知功能关系密切,均对帕金森病患者发生认知功能障碍具有评估价值,但三者血清指标联合更有助于临床评估诊断。

新风胶囊抑制软骨细胞炎症和细胞外基质降解:基于调控miR-502-5p/TRAF2/NF-κB轴

目的探讨新风胶囊(XFC)对白介素(IL)-1β诱导的软骨细胞功能的影响及作用机制。方法构建IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞炎症模型;SD大鼠灌胃制备XFC含药血清。细胞增殖实验(CCK-8)和流式细胞术筛选最佳XFC含药血清浓度;双荧光素酶报告分析miR-502-5p和TRAF2的靶向关系。构建miR-502-5p抑制表达质粒(inhibitor)及阴性对照组,转染至软骨细胞中。分为对照组(NC),IL-1β组,XFC组,IL-1β+NC-inhibitor,IL-1β+miR-502-5pinhibitor,IL-1β+miR-502-5pinhibitor+XFC最佳含药血清组,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELASA)检测IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-4、IL-10的水平。逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)、蛋白质免疫印迹实验(WB)、免疫荧光法检测Ⅱ型胶原α1(COL2A1)、基质金属蛋白酶13(MMP13)、软骨蛋白聚糖抗体(ADAMTS5)和miR-502-5p/TRAF2/NF-κB基因的表达。结果与NC组相比,IL-1β组中软骨细胞活力下降,细胞凋亡率升高,且miR-502-5p、IL-4、IL-10和COL2A1表达下降,IL-1β、TNF-α和ADAMTS5、MMP13、TRAF2、NF-κB p65表达升高(P<0.05)。筛选得出20%XFC为最佳含药血清浓度。与IL-1β组相比,XFC含药血清干预后,软骨细胞活力升高,细胞凋亡率下降,IL-1β、TNF-α、ADAMTS5、MMP13、TRAF2、NF-κBp65表达下降,miR-502-5p、IL-4、IL-10和COL2A1表达升高(P<0.05)。与NC-inhibitor相比,转染miR-502-5p inhibitor后,IL-1β、TNF-α、ADAMTS5、MMP13、TRAF2、NF-κB p65表达升高,miR-502-5p、IL-4、IL-10和COL2A1表达下降;与miR-502-5pinhibitor相比,将miR-502-5pinhibitor转染的软骨细胞和最佳XFC含药血清共培养后,XFC含药血清能逆转miR-502-5p抑制状态对软骨细胞炎症和ECM的影响。结论XFC抑制软骨细胞炎症、细胞外基质降解,减轻IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞损伤,其机制可能是通过调节miR-502-5p/TRAF2/NF-κB轴。

Synthesis and Metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine in Peripheral Circulatory System of Suckling Piglets

[ Objective] To find the rule of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） synthesis and metabolism in peripheral blood of suckling piglets with aging. [ Method ] All of 15 British Large White pigs at 0, 5 and 15 d of age were selected as experimental animals, and their serumal concentrations of L- tryptophan （L-Trp）, 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid （5-HIAA） in peripheral circulatory system were determined synchronously by reversed- phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV. [ Result] The concentration of L-Trp was （16. 92 ± 1.74） iJmol/L at birth, （59.94 ±10.88） iJmol/L at 5 d of age and （70.42± 6.48） μmol/L at 15 d of age. The concentration of 5-HT was （ 12.85 ± 1.79） iJmol/L at birth, （4.81 ±2.05） ijmol/L at 5 d of age and （5.49±1.09） μmol/L at 15 d of age. While 5-HIAA, the metabolic product of 5-HT, was not detected at all the samples selected. [ Conclusion] The L-Trp concentration of suckling piglets increase significantly with aging （ P 〈0. 05）. While the concentra- tion of 5-HT and the conversion ratio of L-Trp to 5-HT are both highest at birth （P〈0.05） and keep stable at 5 and 15 d of age.

Changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine contents in brain microvessels and the influence on cerebral edema at early stage of brain injury

The contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and dopamine(DA) in the brain microvessels(BMVs) at the early stage of rat brain injury were measured by using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD) and the influence of the

柴贝止痫汤对癫痫—抑郁共病模型大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-HTT、5-HT_(1A)R、5-HT_(2A)R和DA_(2)R表达的影响

目的 观察柴贝止痫汤对氯化锂—匹罗卡品慢性颞叶癫痫—抑郁共病模型大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-羟色胺转运体(5-hydroxytryptamine transporter, 5-HTT)、5-羟色胺受体(5-hydroxytryptamine repreceptor, 5-HTR)(5-HT_(1A)R、5-HT_(2A)R)和多巴胺(dopamine, DA)受体(DA_(2)R)表达的影响,探讨柴贝止痫汤对癫痫—抑郁共病的干预机制。方法 建立氯化锂—匹罗卡品慢性颞叶癫痫—抑郁共病大鼠模型。造模成功后,将大鼠随机分为6组:正常组、模型组、西药组(西酞普兰给药)和柴贝止痫汤低、中、高剂量组,连续灌胃给药14天,每天2次。干预后,通过糖水偏好及强迫游泳实验进行抑郁行为学监测;酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-HT、DA含量;实时定量PCR法检测大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-HTT、5-HT_(1A)R、5-HT_(2A)R和DA_(2)R基因的mRNA表达水平;蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-HTT、5-HT_(1A)R、5-HT_(2A)R和DA_(2)R的蛋白表达水平。结果 药物干预后,与模型组相比,柴贝止痫汤中、高剂量组大鼠糖水消耗量显著增加(P<0.01),不动时间显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,柴贝止痫汤中(P<0.05)、高剂量组(P<0.01)大鼠大脑皮层及海马中5-HT含量、皮层中DA含量升高,高剂量组(P<0.05)大鼠大脑海马中DA含量升高;与模型组相比,柴贝止痫汤高剂量组大鼠大脑皮层5-HTT mRNA表达降低(P<0.01),而海马中5-HTT mRNA表达升高(P<0.05);同时,柴贝止痫汤高剂量组大鼠大脑皮层和海马中5-HT_(1A)R mRNA表达明显升高(P<0.05),蛋白表达水平与mRNA水平表达一致。5-HT_(2A)R和DA_(2)R的mRNA和蛋白表达水平在处理前后均无变化。结论 柴贝止痫汤能够通过下调慢性颞叶癫痫—抑郁共病模型大鼠大脑皮层5-HTT,上调海马5-HTT,以及上调大脑皮层和海马中5-HT_(1A)R的表达水平,改善抑郁行为。

萝卜硫素通过调节ALOX5/NF-κB信号通路调控巨噬细胞糖酵解抑制糖尿病肾病进展

目的探讨萝卜硫素(SFN)调节花生四烯酸5-脂氧合酶基因(arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase,ALOX5)/核因子kappa B(NF-κB)信号通路调节巨噬细胞糖酵解对糖尿病肾病(DN)进展的影响。方法生物信息学分析SFN治疗DN的靶基因。使用30 mmol/L高葡萄糖(HG)处理人近端肾小管上皮细胞系(HK-2细胞)诱导体外DN模型。将HK-2细胞分为如下组:正常糖(NG)组、HG组、HG+SFN(3 mmol/L)组、HG+ALOX5组、HG+SFN(3 mmol/L)+ALOX5组、HG处理的巨噬细胞+HK-2细胞组、HG+SFN(3 mmol/L)处理的巨噬细胞+HK-2细胞组、HG+ALOX5转染处理的巨噬细胞+HK-2细胞组、HG+SFN(3 mmol/L)+ALOX5转染处理的巨噬细胞+HK-2细胞组。CCK-8检测细胞活力,原位末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶标记(TUNEL)法检测细胞凋亡;葡萄糖和乳酸试剂盒检测各组细胞中葡萄糖和乳酸水平;Western blot检测各组细胞中ALOX5、NF-κB以及糖酵解相关蛋白己糖激酶-2(HK2)、丙酮酸激酶M2(PKM2)、葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)的表达;使用链脲佐菌素(STZ)构建DN小鼠模型,DN小鼠给与SFN(0.5 mg/kg)治疗;检测小鼠各项生化指标,HE染色检测肾组织病理变化;Western blot检测小鼠肾脏巨噬细胞中糖酵解相关蛋白己糖激酶-2(HK2)、丙酮酸激酶M2(PKM2)、葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)的表达。结果生物信息学分析结果显示ALOX5是SFN治疗DN的靶基因。与HG组相比,SFN处理增强HK-2细胞活力并抑制细胞凋亡(P<0.05);同时,SFN处理抑制HG诱导的巨噬细胞糖酵解相关蛋白的表达,减弱巨噬细胞介导的HK-2细胞损伤(P<0.05);Western blot结果表明SFN抑制ALOX5和NF-κB的表达(P<0.05);小鼠实验结果显示,SFN治疗改善DN小鼠肾功能和肾组织病理学改变,抑制肾组织中巨噬细胞糖酵解相关蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论SFN通过抑制ALOX5/NF-κB信号通路抑制巨噬细胞糖酵解从而改善DN进展。

安罗替尼通过调控miR-16-5p/PD-1轴抑制人非小细胞肺癌细胞系增殖并促进凋亡

目的 探讨安罗替尼对非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其分子机制。方法 将非小细胞肺癌细胞系A549和H1299分别采用安罗替尼、miR-16-5p激动剂和/或PD-1过表达载体进行处理。CCK-8实验和EDU实验检测细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;RT-qPCR检测miR-16-5p相对表达量;Western blot检测程序性细胞死亡-1蛋白(PD-1)的表达。双荧光素酶报告实验确定miR-16-5p和PD-1的靶向关系。用A549细胞构建裸鼠成瘤模型,检测安罗替尼对体内肿瘤生长的影响。结果 安罗替尼在A549和H1299细胞中以剂量依赖的方式显著增加miR-16-5p表达,同时降低PD-1表达,并且抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。miR-16-5p过表达可抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。miR-16-5p能靶向PD-1,且负调控PD-1表达。siRNA下调PD-1表达后明显抑制细胞增殖,并促进细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。过表达PD-1则可逆转安罗替尼介导的miR-16-5p对A549和H1299细胞的促增殖和抗凋亡作用(P<0.05)。体内实验证实,安罗替尼能够明显抑制肿瘤生长(P<0.05)。结论 安罗替尼可有效抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,减少体内肿瘤生长,其作用机制与miR-16-5p/PD-1信号轴相关。

2014-2018年江苏省人源喹诺酮耐药1,4,[5],12:i:-沙门氏菌的基因组学初步分析

目的分析江苏省喹诺酮耐药1,4,[5],12:i:-沙门氏菌分子流行病学特征。方法用cgMLST分析江苏省及欧美来源菌株的分子流行病学特征,并初步分析喹诺酮耐药1,4,[5],12:i:-沙门氏菌可能的传播特征。结果13株喹诺酮耐药1,4,[5],12:i:-沙门氏菌共注释11大类抗性基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)。其中氨基糖苷类ARGs检出率最高(100%);12株喹诺酮耐药菌株(92.3%)均携带IncHI2/IncHI2A质粒类型;不同国家/地区来源菌株质粒介导喹诺酮耐药(PMQR)基因携带分析显示美国及欧洲来源菌株携带6类PMQR基因,qnrB19检出率最高。江苏省来源菌株携带3类PMQR基因类型,aac(6′)-Ib-cr检出率最高(11.84%);不同国家/地区来源菌株cgMLST位点差异分析显示形成3个主要流行谱系。结论江苏省人源喹诺酮耐药1,4,[5],12:i:-沙门氏菌分离株与欧美菌株可能具有共同进化来源,PMQR基因携带水平存在国家/地区差异。