Differentiation and immunosuppressive function of CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+) regulatory B cells are regulated through the miR-29a-3p/NFAT5 pathway

Background: Regulatory B cells(Bregs) is an indispensable element in inducing immune tolerance after liver transplantation. As one of the microRNAs(miRNAs), mi R-29a-3p also inhibits translation by degrading the target mRNA, and yet the relationship between Bregs and mi R-29a-3p has not yet been fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of miR-29a-3p on the regulation of differentiation and immunosuppressive functions of memory Bregs(m Bregs) and ultimately provide potentially effective therapies in inducing immune tolerance after liver transplantation. Methods: Flow cytometry was employed to determine the levels of Bregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. TaqMan low-density array miRNA assays were used to identify the expression of different miRNAs, electroporation transfection was used to induce mi R-29a-3p overexpression and knockdown, and dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the target gene of miR-29a-3p. Results: In patients experiencing acute rejection after liver transplantation, the proportions and immunosuppressive function of m Bregs in the circulating blood were significantly impaired. mi R-29a-3p was found to be a regulator of m Bregs differentiation. Inhibition of miR-29a-3p, which targeted nuclear factor of activated T cells 5(NFAT5), resulted in a conspicuous boost in the differentiation and immunosuppressive function of m Bregs. The inhibition of mi R-29a-3p in CD19~+ B cells was capable of raising the expression levels of NFAT5, thereby promoting B cells to differentiate into m Bregs. In addition, the observed enhancement of differentiation and immunosuppressive function of m Bregs upon mi R-29a-3p inhibition was abolished by the knockdown of NFAT5 in B cells. Conclusions: mi R-29a-3p was found to be a crucial regulator for m Bregs differentiation and immunosuppressive function. Silencing mi R-29a-3p could be a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for inducing immune tolerance after liver transplantation.

Sequence variability of the 5, UTR in isolates of hepatitis C virus in China

Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is a great is- sue in China; however, there is very little informa- tion on genotyping investigations based on sequence variability in the 5' untranslated (5'UTR) reported. The present study was to define the sequence varia- bility based on the sequence divergences of the 5' UTR of the virus. Methods: Sequences of 91 isolates from patients with chronic hepatitis C from Yunnan, southwest China, were sequenced and genotypes were defined accord- ing to the sequence divergences of the 5' UTR of the virus. Results: Eighty-six isolates were classified into 3 clades (previously termed groups or major types) by the methods proposed by Chan et al in 1992 and phy- logenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequence diver- gences within the 5' UTR. Fifty-six percent of the i- solates were classified into clade 3, 35% into clade 1, and 34.9% into clade 2. New genotypes 1f, 2h, 3h and 3i were defined. In addition, 3 novel sequences were discovered, respectively with an 18-nt sequence deletion (corresponding to nucleotide position -173 to -156), a 28-nt sequence insertion, and a 40-nt se- quence insertion, between -56 and -55. Of these i- solates, 56% possessed a 'G' at position -66 in place of the 'T' that is present in all previously re- ported sequences. Conclusions: These HCV variants, evolved or re- mained in this area, may be of great significance in diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C patients.

Grain-size Characteristics and Climate Variability in TMS5e Sequence of Tumen Section in Southern Tengger Desert,Northwestern China

The TMS5e sequence from the Tumen section, at the southern edge of Tengger Desert in the northwestern China, is synchronous with Marine Isotope Stage 5e （MIS5e）. It consists of 16 layers of aeolian dune sands, 11 layers of lacustrine loess-like facies, and 5 layers of lacustrine facies. The results of grain-size analysis shows that the pa- laeo-mobile dune sands, palaeo-fixed to semi-fixed dune sands and loess-like sandy loams are mainly composed of sands, ranging from 70% to 96%; their silt contents ranged from 4% to 20%, and their clay contents ranged from 1% to 5%; the climate under which the aeolian dune sands were deposited is similar to that under which modern mobile dune sands form, which is caused by the dominance of the cold, dry East Asian winter monsoon. In contrast, the lacustrine loess-like facies and lacustrine facies had a lower sand contents than those of the three aeolian dune sands, but have higher silt and clay contents, most of their sand content ranged from 30% to 60%, their silt contents ranged from 35% to 55%, and their clay contents ranged from 6% to 20%. The lacustrine loess-like facies and lacustrine facies formed under the influence of the warm, humid East Asian summer monsoon based on their similarity with modern sediments. The grain-size indicator Mz （mean grain diameter） and the SC/D value in the TMS5e sequence indicate climatic insta- bility at the southern edge of the Tengger Desert during MIS5e, with at least 14 fluctuations between a warm, humid climate and a cold, dry climate, divided into five stages： TMS5e5 （139 kyr to 129.3 kyr B.P.）, TMS5e4 （129.3 kyr to 124 kyr B.P.）, TMS5e3 （124 kyr to 119.5 kyr B.P.）, TMS5e2 （119.5 kyr to 116.5 kyr B.P.）, and TMS5el （116.5 kyr to 113.7 kyr B.P.）. These correspond roughly to MIS5e5, MIS5e4, MIS5e3, MIS5e2, and MIS5el, respectively, in the GRIP ice core data.

Effect of Impregnation Sequence on Propane Dehydrogenation Performance of PtSnNa/ZSM-5 Catalyst

The effects of the sequence for impregnation of metal precursors on the performance of PtSnNa/ZSM-5 catalyst for propane dehydrogenation to propene were studied in this paper.Some methods such as XRD,TPDA,BET,H2-TPR,XPS,ICP,TEM and hydrogen chemisorption were used to characterize the catalysts.The structure of ZSM-5 zeolite was not destroyed by the introduction of metal components.Meanwhile the different impregnation sequence of metal precursors could affect the behavior of Sn4+species entering the ZSM-5 channel,and the interaction between platinum and tin species,as well as the degree for reduction of Pt and Sn components.As a result,the prepared catalysts exhibited different reaction activity and selectivity.Compared with the co-impregnation treated catalyst,the catalysts prepared by the sequential impregnation method showed better catalytic activity in propane dehydrogenation,especially the one prepared through impregnation with tin precursor at first.Finally,a model for the effect of impregnation sequence on the distribution of Pt and Sn species in PtSnNa/ZSM-5 catalyst was proposed.

THE ABNORMAL EXPRESSION OF CLONED REPEATED SEQUENCE DNA, L5B-4, IN RAT HEPATOMA BERH-2

A repeated sequence DNA fragment, L5B-4, was cloned from the 5 kb BamHI DNA fragments of rat genomic DNA. The expressions of the L5B-4 DNA fragment are different in liver and hepatoma cells. The amounts of transcripts in hepatoma cells are lower in nucleus and higher in cytoplasm, especially in polysomal RNA, as compared with that in liver cells. The alteration shown in polysomal RNA of hepatoma cells seems to be specific. These results are discussed with respect to the possible function of this repeated DNA and its variation in hepatoma cells.

The Reaction Sequence and Dielectric Properties of BaAl₂Ti₅O₁₄Ceramics

To investigate the correct reaction sequence of BaO-Al2O3-5TiO2 system, powders calcined at different temperatures are analyzed by x-ray diffraction. The results show that the source phase BaCO3 decomposes below 800°C, TiO2 and Al2O3 start to consume at 900 and 1100°C, respectively. BaTi4O9 phase appears at 1000°C while BaAl2Ti5O14 phase starts to reveal at 1200°C. As the temperature increases, the density, dielectric constant and quality factor of the BaAl2Ti5O14 ceramic increase and keep unchanged at 1350°C. The dielectric properties of BaAl2Ti5O14 ceramic sintered at 1350°C for 3h are: εr=35.8, Q×f=5130GHz, τf=-6.8ppm/°C.

Auto-selection order of Markov chain for background sequences with chi-square test

Modeling non coding background sequences appropriately is important for the detection of regulatory elements from DNA sequences. Based on the chi square statistic test, some explanations about why to choose higher order Markov chain model and how to automatically select the proper order are given in this paper. The chi square test is first run on synthetic data sets to show that it can efficiently find the proper order of Markov chain. Using chi square test, distinct higher order context dependences inherent in ten sets of sequences of yeast S.cerevisiae from other literature have been found. So the Markov chain with higher order would be more suitable for modeling the non coding background sequences than an independent model.

拮抗CC趋化因子受体5信号诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡并调节肿瘤微环境抑制肿瘤生长

目的探索拮抗CC趋化因子受体5(CCR5)信号通路对肿瘤生长和肿瘤微环境的影响。方法采用CCK8细胞毒试验研究CCR5选择性拮抗剂Maraviroc体外对小鼠Lewis肺腺癌细胞增殖的影响,并运用流式细胞术和RT-PCR检测肿瘤细胞凋亡和Caspase 8基因的表达。然后采用免疫荧光组织化学染色法研究了Maraviroc对小鼠体内肿瘤生长和肿瘤微环境中CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)以及Foxp3^(+)细胞比例的影响。结果拮抗CCR5信号在体内外均能够抑制癌细胞的生长。体外研究发现:CCR5拮抗剂可通过增强凋亡基因Caspase 8表达而诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。在小鼠体内,CCR5拮抗剂可明显增加肿瘤微环境中CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)细胞的浸润而减少Foxp3^(+)细胞的浸润。结论拮抗CCR5信号可能通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,逆转免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境而抑制肿瘤生长。

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of rbcS Gene of Wild Barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum) under Salt Stress

[Objective] The aim was to study the cloning and sequence analysis of rbcS gene of wild barley under salt stress. [Method] The tender leaf blade of wild barley under salt stress was taken as the experimental material. The primers were designed according to the homology of rbcS gene sequences of wheat and barely in Genbank; then PCR amplification,recovery,ligation,transformation and sequencing of rbcS gene were carried out. [Result] Two rbcS genes including rbcS1 and rbcS2 with the length of 1 252 and 908 bp respectively were cloned from the barely genome. rbcS1 and rbcS2 were both composed by two exons and one intron. The exons length of the two genes was the same of 525 bp,encoding 174 amino acids,and the homology between them was 96%; however,the intron length of rbcS1 and rbcS2 was 448 and 107 bp respectively.

MS19通过抑制IRF5表达调控巨噬细胞极化减轻CTD-ILD肺部炎症的作用研究

目的 探讨MS19通过靶向干扰素调节因子5(IRF5)对结缔组织疾病相关肺间质病变(CTD-ILD)小鼠模型肺部炎症的治疗作用及其相关机制。方法 动物实验:构建CTD-ILD小鼠模型,予以MS19干预,研究MS19对CTD-ILD小鼠肺部炎症的影响。细胞实验:对RAW264.7细胞进行OE-IRF5转染,然后予以MS19干预,研究MS19对IRF5调控的巨噬细胞M1型极化及炎症反应的影响。结果 动物实验:CTD-ILD小鼠出现明显的肺部炎症,小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中IRF5的表达增高、巨噬细胞M1型极化增加及促炎因子(TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β)的表达升高;而MS19干预后,CTD-ILD小鼠的肺部炎症减轻,BALF中IRF5表达降低、巨噬细胞M1型极化减少及促炎因子表达下降。细胞实验:脂多糖诱导巨噬细胞M1型极化、促炎因子表达增加;转染OE-IRF5后,巨噬细胞M1型极化增加、促炎因子表达增加;MS19干预后,巨噬细胞M1型极化减少、促炎因子表达减少。结论 MS19通过靶向抑制IRF5调控巨噬细胞极化及炎症反应,从而改善CTD-ILD的肺部炎症,为防治CTD-ILD提供潜在靶点和候选药物。

Association of rs10954213 Polymorphisms and Haplotype Diversity in Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-analysis

The rs10954213 polymorphism and the haplotype diversity in interferon regulatory factor 5 （1RF5） play a special role in systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） but with inconclusive results. We conducted a meta-analysis integrating case-control and haplotype variant studies in multiple ethnic populations to clearly discern the effect of these two variants on SLE. Eleven studies on the relation between rs10954213 polymorpisms in IRF5 and SLE were included and we selected a random effect model to calculate the pooled odds ratios （ORs） and the corresponding 95% confidence interval （95% CI）. A total of 6982 cases and 8077 controls were involved in the meta-analysis. The pooled results in- dicated that A allele was significantly associated with increased risk of SLE as compared with the IRF5 rS10954213 G allele （A vs. G, P〈0.00001） in all subjects. The same pattern of the results was also ob- tained in the European, African American, and Latin American. Asian population had a much lower prevalence of the A allele （49.1%） than any other population studied, and Europeans had the highest frequency of the IRF5 rs10954213 A allele （62.1%）. The significant association of increased SLE risk and TCA haplotype was indicated in the contrast of TCA vs. TTA as the pooled OR was 2.14 （P=0.002）. The same result was also found in the contrast of TCA vs. TTG as the pooled OR was 1.45 （P=-0.004）. This meta-analysis suggests that the A allele of rs10954213 and TCA haplotype （rs2004640-rs2070197-rs10954213） in IRF5 is associated with the increased risk of SLE in different ethnic groups, and its prevalence is ethnicity dependent.

Association Analysis between a Polymorphism in the 5' Regulatory Region of the IL-6 Gene and Litter Size in Pigs

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an IL-6 gene polymorphism, discovered in the 5＇ regulatory region, on porcine litter size. An association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and total number born （TNB） and number born alive （NBA） in 421 sows. The polymorphism was at Hpy188I within the 5＇ regulatory region of IL- 6 gene. Three genotypes of AA, AG, and GG were detected in Landrace, and two genotypes, AA and AG, were detected in Yorkshire and Duroc pigs. The A allele was the superior allele in all three breeds, with allele frequencies ranging from 0. 901 to 0.993. The IL-6 genotype was highly significantly associated with TNB and NBA in the third and following parities （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and with total parities （ P 〈 0.05）. In general, the TNB and NBA showed a tendency of GG 〉 AG 〉 AA, indicating that the common allele was the least favorable for litter size. Thus, there is an enormous opportunity to increase litter size if this effect is confirmed in other studies.

Characterization of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) FoxD5 and its function in regulating myogenic regulatory factor

As one member of winged helix domain transcription factors, FoxD5 was reported to be a trunk organizer. Recent study showed that zebrafish foxd5 is expressed in the somites. To further understand the function of FoxD5 in fish muscle development, the FoxD5 gene was isolated from flounder. Its expression pattern was analyzed by in situ hybridization, while its function in regulating myogenic regulatory factor, MyoD, was analyzed by ectopic expression. It showed that flounder FoxD5 was firstly expressed in the tailbud, adaxial cells, and neural plate of the head. In flounder embryo, FoxD5 is expressed not only in forebrain but also in somite cells that will form muscle in the future. When flounder FoxD5 was over-expressed in zebrafish by microinjection, the expression of zebrafish MyoD in the somites was reduced, suggesting that FoxD5 is involved in myogenesis by regulating the expression of MyoD.

Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Polymorphisms in Coronary Artery Disease: An Overview of Experimental and Clinical Studies

Heart diseases are the main cause of mortality in Mexico, being coronary heart disease the most frequent in the country. Its high prevalence makes important the study of the pathophysiology and the search for prognostic factors. Different genes and polymorphisms promote atherogenesis and coronary artery disease, they affect inflammatory and vascular pathological processes. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is associated with coronary heart disease, it promotes chronic inflammation and cytokines release;it could trigger immune reactions and its activating receptors express in the vascular endothelium. Besides, polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are implied with coronary disease, they are found in angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes. These genetic polymorphisms are associated with a prothrombotic state, endothelial dysfunction, and immune activation. Multiple experimental studies showed that chronic activation of RAAS and chronic expression of IRF5 generates an environment prone to the development of atherosclerosis, and autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Studying these specific genes and their relationship with coronary heart disease will allow a better understanding of the pathological process and possibly the quest for new treatments.

m5C甲基化修饰及其在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展

表观遗传修饰在真核细胞生物学过程中有重要的调节作用。肿瘤免疫疗法是治疗癌症的重要手段和临床策略。5⁃甲基胞嘧啶(5⁃methylcytosine,m5C)是继N6甲基腺苷(N6⁃methyladenosine,m6A)之后发现的表观遗传调控网络的重要组成部分。RNA的m5C甲基化修饰能影响被修饰RNA分子的命运,并在包括RNA稳定性、蛋白质合成和转录调控在内的各种生物学过程中发挥重要作用。最近研究表明,m5C甲基转移酶、去甲基化酶、甲基化识别蛋白与多种细胞生物学过程和系统性疾病有关,包括肿瘤的发生、转移和肿瘤免疫微环境等。m5C甲基化修饰可在多个水平上广泛影响基因表达和肿瘤发生发展的生物学过程,但其具体机制及与其他表观遗传修饰的相互作用尚未阐明,其在恶性肿瘤中的调控机制、风险评估和靶向治疗的研究有待深入。本文将从m5C的动态调节网络、m5C修饰在实体瘤中的生物学作用及在肿瘤免疫治疗中的潜在靶点等进行综述。

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals the mechanism regulating rice plumule development

Seed plumules comprise multiple developing tissues and are key sites for above-ground plant organ morphogenesis.Here,the spatial expression of genes in developing rice seed plumules was characterized by single-cell transcriptome sequencing in Zhongjiazao 17,a popular Chinese indica rice cultivar.Of 15 cell clusters,13 were assigned to cell types using marker genes and cluster-specific genes.Marker genes of multiple cell types were expressed in several clusters,suggesting a complex developmental system.Some genes for signaling by phytohormones such as abscisic acid were highly expressed in specific clusters.Various cis-elements in the promoters of genes specifically expressed in cell clusters were calculated,and some key hormone-related motifs were frequent in certain clusters.Spatial expression patterns of genes involved in rapid seed germination,seedling growth,and development were identified.These findings enhanced our understanding of cellular diversity and specialization within plumules of rice,a monocotyledonous model crop.

Expression analysis of the R2R3-MYB gene family in upland cotton and functional study of GhMYB3D5 in regulating Verticillium wilt resistance

Improving plant resistance to Verticillium wilt(VW),which causes massive losses in Gossypium hirsutum,is a global challenge.Crop plants need to efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to maintain a balance between growth and defense.However,few transcriptional regulators specifically respond to Verticillium dahliae and the underlying mechanism has not been identified in cotton.In this study,we found that the that expression of most R2R3-MYB members in cotton is significantly changed by V.dahliae infection relative to the other MYB types.One novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor(TF)that specifically responds to V.dahliae,GhMYB3D5,was identified.GhMYB3D5 was not expressed in 15 cotton tissues under normal conditions,but it was dramatically induced by V.dahliae stress.We functionally characterized its positive role and underlying mechanism in VW resistance.Upon V.dahliae infection,the up-regulated GhMYB3D5 bound to the GhADH1 promoter and activated GhADH1expression.In addition,GhMYB3D5 physically interacted with GhADH1 and further enhanced the transcriptional activation of GhADH1.Consequently,the transcriptional regulatory module GhMYB3D5-GhADH1 then promoted lignin accumulation by improving the transcriptional levels of genes related to lignin biosynthesis(GhPAL,GhC4H,Gh4CL,and GhPOD/GhLAC)in cotton,thereby enhancing cotton VW resistance.Our results demonstrated that the GhMYB3D5 promotes defense-induced lignin accumulation,which can be regarded as an effective way to orchestrate plant immunity and growth.

Small cell lung carcinoma with KIF5B-RET fusion partially responded to the 4^(th)-line therapy with anlotinib:A case report

BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)exhibits a pronounced tendency for metastasis and relapse,and the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy,leading to complexity in treatment outcomes.It is crucial to tackle these challenges by advancing targeted therapeutic approaches in ongoing research endeavors.Variant RET fusions have been reported in several solid tumors,but are rarely reported in SCLC.CASE SUMMARY We present the first case of a KIF5B-RET fusion in a 65-year-old male patient with SCLC.To date,the patient has received the 4th line chemotherapy with anlotinib for one year and has shown a sustained favorable partial response.According to the results of next generation sequencing,this SCLC patient harbors the KIF5BRET fusion,suggesting that RET fusion could serve as a promising molecular target for SCLC treatment.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)plays a critical rolein comprehensively assessing the genotype and phenotype of cancer.CONCLUSION NGS can provide SCLC patients with personalized and targeted therapy options,thereby improving their likelihood of survival.

辣木籽水提物对5-氟尿嘧啶诱导小鼠空肠黏膜炎的调节作用

【目的】探究辣木籽水提物对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)诱导引起的小鼠空肠黏膜炎的改善作用。【方法】将50只SPF级雄性昆明小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组(腹腔注射5-FU 130 mg/kg)及辣木籽水提物低、中、高剂量组(分别灌胃辣木籽水提物50、100和200 mg/kg)。第1~14天,每日正常组和模型组灌胃蒸馏水,辣木籽组灌胃不同剂量的辣木籽水提物;第15~16天,每日正常组腹腔注射生理盐水,其余组均腹腔注射5-FU;第17~18天观察;第19天处死小鼠。每日记录小鼠摄食量、饮水量及体质量;采用HE染色并观察小鼠空肠组织形态学变化;采用免疫组化法检测空肠增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)的表达情况;采用Tunel法检测空肠细胞的凋亡情况;采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定空肠组织IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α炎症因子的含量变化。【结果】与模型组相比,辣木籽水提物高剂量组(200 mg/kg)可显著缓解小鼠体质量下降,极显著提高空肠绒毛高度、降低隐窝深度、增加绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值,提高空肠PCNA表达量,降低细胞凋亡程度,抑制IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α的表达。【结论】辣木籽水提物可改善5-FU诱导引起的小鼠空肠黏膜炎,且呈剂量依赖性。

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎患者血清CCL11和IRF5水平检测对临床诊断及预后价值研究

目的 探讨血清CC趋化因子配体11(CC chemokine ligand 11,CCL11)、干扰素调节因子5(interferon regulatory factor 5,IRF5)水平联合检测对新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)的诊断及预后价值。方法 收集2020年8月~2023年5月期间于张家口市妇幼保健院就诊的115例NEC患儿作为研究组,另选取同期健康新生儿92例作为对照组。治疗30天后,根据患儿的生存情况将其分为生存组(n=89)和死亡组(n=26)。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测各组血清CCL11和IRF5水平;收集并比较生存组和死亡组患儿临床资料;多因素Logistic回归分析新生儿发生NEC的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清CCL11和IRF5水平对新生儿NEC的诊断及预后价值。结果 与对照组相比,研究组NEC患儿血清CCL11水平(1.41±0.62pg/ml vs 0.79±0.28pg/ml)、IRF5水平(5.34±2.16 pg/ml vs 3.29±1.43 pg/ml)明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=8.891,7.831,均P <0.001),且二者水平联合诊断新生儿NEC的AUC为0.898,敏感度为86.96%,二者联合优于CCL11和IRF5单独诊断(Z=2.747,2.921,P=0.006,0.004)。与生存组相比,死亡组NEC患儿Bell分期为Ⅱ~Ⅲ期占比(76.92%vs 42.70%)、喂养方式为配方奶喂养占比(61.54%vs 24.72%)、呼吸衰竭占比(34.62%vs 13.48%)、治疗方式为外科手术占比(53.85%vs 38.09%)显著升高(χ^(2)=9.429,13.596,4.688,5.956),出生体重(1.71±0.23kg vs 1.83±0.26kg)显著降低(t=2.122),差异具有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。与生存组相比,死亡组NEC患儿血清CCL11水平(2.14±1.23 pg/ml vs 1.20±0.44pg/ml)、IRF5水平(8.63±3.84 pg/ml vs 4.38±1.67 pg/ml)明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.052,8.178,均P <0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,Bell分期为Ⅱ~Ⅲ期(OR=1.725,95%CI=1.186~2.508)、配方奶喂养(OR=1.429,95%CI=1.018~2.006)、呼吸衰竭(OR=1.652,95%CI:1.121~2.435)、CCL11(OR=1.641,95%CI=1.056~2.551)、IRF5(OR=1.646,95%CI=1.082~2.504)是影响NEC患儿死亡的危险因素(均P <0.05);血清CCL11和IRF5水平单独及联合预测NEC患儿预后死亡的AUC分别为0.828,0.784和0.928,且二者联合优于各自单独预测(Z=2.028,2.235,P=0.043,0.025)。结论 NEC患儿血清CCL11和IRF5水平明显升高,且二者血清水平升高是NEC患儿死亡的危险因素,联合检测血清CCL11和IRF5水平对新生儿NEC有较高的诊断及预后预测价值。