In this study we report a new reaction pathway in which the hydroxyl and the aldehyde groups of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural were aminated respectively. Hydroxyl group was aminated via Ritter reaction followed by direct r...In this study we report a new reaction pathway in which the hydroxyl and the aldehyde groups of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural were aminated respectively. Hydroxyl group was aminated via Ritter reaction followed by direct reductive amination of aldehyde group. For the Ritter reaction of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, mixture of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid and phosphoric anhydride showed good performance and the intermediate N-acyl-5-aminomethyl furfural with the highest yield of 89.1 wt% was obtained.Optimization of direct reductive amination of 2,5-bis（aminomethyl） furan was conducted and a yield of45.7 wt% was achieved. This study presents a simple way for preparing bis（amino）furans from renewable biomass based 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, which enriches the biorefinery concept from biomass.展开更多
Objective：To determine the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF）,an extract of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch,on several down-regulated signaling molecules involved in learning and memory in hippocampal neurons.M...Objective：To determine the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF）,an extract of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch,on several down-regulated signaling molecules involved in learning and memory in hippocampal neurons.Methods：After cultured for 7 days,primary hippocampal neurons were divided into 5 groups：normal,corticosterone model,RU38486,5-HMF,and donepezil group.Neuron survival rates were calculated 24 h later using SYT013-P1 double-fluorescence staining and an 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT）assay.β-galactosidase activity was also assayed.Protein expressed by the glucocorticoid receptor（GCR）,brainderived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）,and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B（NR2B）,as well as phosphorylationcyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）response element binding protein（p-CREB）,phosphorylation-extracellular signal-regulated kinase（p-ERK）,and phosphorylation-synapsin（p-synapsin）were quantified with Western blot.Results：Hippocampal neuron survival rates and the above-mentioned proteins were dramatically decreased（P〈0.05）,β-galactosidase activity was significantly increased in the model group,but the effect was reversed by5-HMF,RU38486,and to a lesser extent by donepezil（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：5-HMF extracts from the Chinese herb Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch could protect hippocampal neurons from glucocorticoid injury and from down-regulated signaling molecules in the GCR-BDNF-NR2B-p-ERK-p-CREB-p-synapsin signal transduction pathway.展开更多
Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O...Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches.The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years.Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions,including those with various metals and supports.In this scientific review,we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal-acid sites,including simple metal-supported acidic supports,adjacent metal acid sites-supported catalysts,and in situ H_(2)-modified bifunctional catalysts.Distinctively,the catalytic performance,catalytic mechanism,and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail.The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C_(5) cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.展开更多
In the present study, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could attenuate ischemic brain damage by reducing oxidative injury. Thus, mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to estab...In the present study, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could attenuate ischemic brain damage by reducing oxidative injury. Thus, mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to establish a model of permanent forebrain ischemia. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfura130 minutes before ischemia or 5 minutes after ischemia. The survival time of mice injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was longer compared with untreated mice. The mice subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 5 minutes were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural 5 minutes prior to reperfusion, which increased superoxide dismutase content and reduced malondialdehyde content, similar to the effects of Edaravone, a hydroxyl radical scavenger used for the treatment of stroke. These findings indicate that intraperitoneal injection of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural can prolong the survival of mice with permanent forebrain ischemia. This outcome may be mediated by its antioxidative effects.展开更多
Previous studies have shown that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a compound extracted from wine- processed Fructus corni, has a protective effect on hippocampal neurons. The present study was designed to explore the related ...Previous studies have shown that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a compound extracted from wine- processed Fructus corni, has a protective effect on hippocampal neurons. The present study was designed to explore the related mechanisms. Our study revealed that high and medium doses （10, 1 μmol/L） of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could improve the morphology of H2O2-treated rat hippocampal neurons as revealed by inverted phase-contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. MTT results showed that incubation with high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural caused a significant increase in the viability of neuronal cells injured by H2O2. Flow cytometry assays con- firmed that H2O2 could induce cell apoptosis, while high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural had a visible protective effect on apoptotic rat hippocampal neurons. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prevented H2O2-induced up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase-3 and an- tagonized the down-regulation of Bcl-2 induced by H2O2 treatment. These results suggested that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could inhibit apoptosis of cultured rat hippocampal neurons injured by H2O2 via increase in Bcl-2 levels and decrease in p53, Bax and caspase-3 protein expression levels.展开更多
利用碱处理结合柠檬酸处理技术对商业微孔ZSM-5分子筛改性,制备了多级孔ZSM-5分子筛催化剂(ZSM-5-AT-CA)。利用XRD、N_(2)吸脱附、NH_(3)-TPD、Py-IR、^(27)Al MAS NMR等表征技术研究了ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂的形貌结构和物理化学性质,以5-...利用碱处理结合柠檬酸处理技术对商业微孔ZSM-5分子筛改性,制备了多级孔ZSM-5分子筛催化剂(ZSM-5-AT-CA)。利用XRD、N_(2)吸脱附、NH_(3)-TPD、Py-IR、^(27)Al MAS NMR等表征技术研究了ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂的形貌结构和物理化学性质,以5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)自醚化制双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚(OBMF)为模型反应进一步考察其催化性能。结果表明,ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂具有多级孔结构(微孔、介孔)、适宜酸位点浓度和强度,有利于HMF自醚化反应。多级孔ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂在反应温度90℃时HMF转化率达到91.2%,OBMF产率为73.6%。催化剂具有良好的循环稳定性。展开更多
BACKGROUND Most gastric cancer(GC)patients are diagnosed at middle or late stage because the symptoms in early stage are obscure,which causes higher mortality rates of GC.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)was identified as...BACKGROUND Most gastric cancer(GC)patients are diagnosed at middle or late stage because the symptoms in early stage are obscure,which causes higher mortality rates of GC.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)was identified as a class I carcinogen and leads to aberrant DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation.5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5-hmC)plays complex roles in gene regulation of tumorigenesis and can be considered as an activating epigenetic mark of hydroxymethylation.AIM To explore the association between 5-hmC levels and the progression and prognosis of GC patients with or without H.pylori infection.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted to estimate the predicted value of 5-hmC level in the progression and prognosis of GC patients with different H.pylori infection status.A total of 144 GC patients were recruited.RESULTS The levels of 5-hmC were significantly decreased in tumor tissues(0.076±0.048)compared with the matched control tissues(0.110±0.057,P=0.001).A high level of 5-hmC was an independent significant favorable predictor of overall survival in GC patients(hazard ratio=0.61,95% confidence interval:0.38-0.98,P=0.040),the H.pylori-negative GC subgroup(hazard ratio=0.30,95% confidence interval:0.13-0.68,P=0.004)and the GC patients with TNM stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ(hazard ratio=0.32,95% confidence interval:0.13-0.77,P=0.011).CONCLUSION Increased 5-hmC is a favorable prognostic factor in GC,especially for H.pylori-negative subgroups.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.21676223 and no.21506177)the Fujian Provincial Development and Reform Commission,China(no.2015489)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(no.2016J01077 and no.2015J05034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(nos.20720160077 and 20720160087)
文摘In this study we report a new reaction pathway in which the hydroxyl and the aldehyde groups of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural were aminated respectively. Hydroxyl group was aminated via Ritter reaction followed by direct reductive amination of aldehyde group. For the Ritter reaction of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, mixture of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid and phosphoric anhydride showed good performance and the intermediate N-acyl-5-aminomethyl furfural with the highest yield of 89.1 wt% was obtained.Optimization of direct reductive amination of 2,5-bis（aminomethyl） furan was conducted and a yield of45.7 wt% was achieved. This study presents a simple way for preparing bis（amino）furans from renewable biomass based 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, which enriches the biorefinery concept from biomass.
基金Support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30873317),Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.J50301),Shanghai Health Bureau of Scientific Research Projects(No.20124Y025)
文摘Objective：To determine the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF）,an extract of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch,on several down-regulated signaling molecules involved in learning and memory in hippocampal neurons.Methods：After cultured for 7 days,primary hippocampal neurons were divided into 5 groups：normal,corticosterone model,RU38486,5-HMF,and donepezil group.Neuron survival rates were calculated 24 h later using SYT013-P1 double-fluorescence staining and an 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT）assay.β-galactosidase activity was also assayed.Protein expressed by the glucocorticoid receptor（GCR）,brainderived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）,and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B（NR2B）,as well as phosphorylationcyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）response element binding protein（p-CREB）,phosphorylation-extracellular signal-regulated kinase（p-ERK）,and phosphorylation-synapsin（p-synapsin）were quantified with Western blot.Results：Hippocampal neuron survival rates and the above-mentioned proteins were dramatically decreased（P〈0.05）,β-galactosidase activity was significantly increased in the model group,but the effect was reversed by5-HMF,RU38486,and to a lesser extent by donepezil（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：5-HMF extracts from the Chinese herb Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch could protect hippocampal neurons from glucocorticoid injury and from down-regulated signaling molecules in the GCR-BDNF-NR2B-p-ERK-p-CREB-p-synapsin signal transduction pathway.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22178158, 52162014 and 22065024)Science and Technology Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province (No. GJJ2200402)+3 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 20224BAB213023)the Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of Jiangxi Province (No. 20224ACB213008)the Jiangxi Provincial Double Thousand Talents Plan-Youth Program (No. S2021GDQN0947)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. 2023NSCQ-MSX0052)
文摘Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches.The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years.Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions,including those with various metals and supports.In this scientific review,we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal-acid sites,including simple metal-supported acidic supports,adjacent metal acid sites-supported catalysts,and in situ H_(2)-modified bifunctional catalysts.Distinctively,the catalytic performance,catalytic mechanism,and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail.The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C_(5) cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program),No.2003CB517104the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30973513+3 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Program,No.D0206001043191the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7112061Beijing Key Foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.KJTS2011-04Beijing Health and Technical Personal of High-Level Plan,No.2009-3-66
文摘In the present study, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could attenuate ischemic brain damage by reducing oxidative injury. Thus, mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to establish a model of permanent forebrain ischemia. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfura130 minutes before ischemia or 5 minutes after ischemia. The survival time of mice injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was longer compared with untreated mice. The mice subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 5 minutes were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural 5 minutes prior to reperfusion, which increased superoxide dismutase content and reduced malondialdehyde content, similar to the effects of Edaravone, a hydroxyl radical scavenger used for the treatment of stroke. These findings indicate that intraperitoneal injection of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural can prolong the survival of mice with permanent forebrain ischemia. This outcome may be mediated by its antioxidative effects.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30772851a grant from the Six Talents Peaks Program of Jiangsu Province,Chinaa grant from the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,PAPD(Traditional Chinese medicine combined with Western Medicine
文摘Previous studies have shown that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a compound extracted from wine- processed Fructus corni, has a protective effect on hippocampal neurons. The present study was designed to explore the related mechanisms. Our study revealed that high and medium doses （10, 1 μmol/L） of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could improve the morphology of H2O2-treated rat hippocampal neurons as revealed by inverted phase-contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. MTT results showed that incubation with high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural caused a significant increase in the viability of neuronal cells injured by H2O2. Flow cytometry assays con- firmed that H2O2 could induce cell apoptosis, while high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural had a visible protective effect on apoptotic rat hippocampal neurons. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that high and medium doses of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prevented H2O2-induced up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase-3 and an- tagonized the down-regulation of Bcl-2 induced by H2O2 treatment. These results suggested that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could inhibit apoptosis of cultured rat hippocampal neurons injured by H2O2 via increase in Bcl-2 levels and decrease in p53, Bax and caspase-3 protein expression levels.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China，the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，the Creative Foundation of President of Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘利用碱处理结合柠檬酸处理技术对商业微孔ZSM-5分子筛改性,制备了多级孔ZSM-5分子筛催化剂(ZSM-5-AT-CA)。利用XRD、N_(2)吸脱附、NH_(3)-TPD、Py-IR、^(27)Al MAS NMR等表征技术研究了ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂的形貌结构和物理化学性质,以5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)自醚化制双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚(OBMF)为模型反应进一步考察其催化性能。结果表明,ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂具有多级孔结构(微孔、介孔)、适宜酸位点浓度和强度,有利于HMF自醚化反应。多级孔ZSM-5-AT-CA催化剂在反应温度90℃时HMF转化率达到91.2%,OBMF产率为73.6%。催化剂具有良好的循环稳定性。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81874279Scientific and Technological Development Program of Jilin Province,No.20190201093JC and No.20200201326JC+1 种基金Jilin Province Department of Finance,No.JLSWSRCZX2020-010Youth Development Fund from First Hospital of Jilin University,No.JDYY11202021.
文摘BACKGROUND Most gastric cancer(GC)patients are diagnosed at middle or late stage because the symptoms in early stage are obscure,which causes higher mortality rates of GC.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)was identified as a class I carcinogen and leads to aberrant DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation.5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5-hmC)plays complex roles in gene regulation of tumorigenesis and can be considered as an activating epigenetic mark of hydroxymethylation.AIM To explore the association between 5-hmC levels and the progression and prognosis of GC patients with or without H.pylori infection.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted to estimate the predicted value of 5-hmC level in the progression and prognosis of GC patients with different H.pylori infection status.A total of 144 GC patients were recruited.RESULTS The levels of 5-hmC were significantly decreased in tumor tissues(0.076±0.048)compared with the matched control tissues(0.110±0.057,P=0.001).A high level of 5-hmC was an independent significant favorable predictor of overall survival in GC patients(hazard ratio=0.61,95% confidence interval:0.38-0.98,P=0.040),the H.pylori-negative GC subgroup(hazard ratio=0.30,95% confidence interval:0.13-0.68,P=0.004)and the GC patients with TNM stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ(hazard ratio=0.32,95% confidence interval:0.13-0.77,P=0.011).CONCLUSION Increased 5-hmC is a favorable prognostic factor in GC,especially for H.pylori-negative subgroups.
