Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemis...Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemispheres is an important but challenging task.In this study,we used a combination of multiple observations and a model simulation to examine the north–south hemispheric difference in the I-T coupling system in the American and Asian sectors during the geomagnetic superstorm that occurred in May 2024.Observations of the total electron content(TEC)showed that the Asian sector had negative storms in the northern hemisphere and positive storms in the southern hemisphere,a process that exacerbated the hemispheric differences in the TEC.However,both hemispheres of the American sector showed negative storms.The thermospheric composition changes also differed between the two sectors,and their variation could partially explain the hemispheric differences caused by positive and negative storms.Moreover,the influence of the thermospheric density change was less than that of the thermospheric composition.Finally,the dynamic effect of the thermospheric wind and the plasma transport processes strongly modulated the north–south differences in the TEC at nighttime in the American and Asian sectors,respectively,during this superstorm.展开更多
血液复苏是严重失血患者的关键急救措施。血液复苏液体的选用,经历了从全血到晶体液/胶体液、晶体液联合红细胞、等比例血液成分的演进过程。近20年来,采用低效价抗体O型全血(low titer group O whole blood,LTOWB)作为血液复苏的首选...血液复苏是严重失血患者的关键急救措施。血液复苏液体的选用,经历了从全血到晶体液/胶体液、晶体液联合红细胞、等比例血液成分的演进过程。近20年来,采用低效价抗体O型全血(low titer group O whole blood,LTOWB)作为血液复苏的首选应急通用桥接复苏液,已发展成为大趋势。我们对全血在严重失血患者的应用历史和现状做一介绍,并提出我国采用LTOWB作为首选应急通用血液的进一步论证和验证研究建议。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42030202, 42241115, and 42174204)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2023M743467)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. Y202021)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFF0504400)the Opening Funding of the Chinese Academy of Sciences dedicated to the Chinese Meridian Project
文摘Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemispheres is an important but challenging task.In this study,we used a combination of multiple observations and a model simulation to examine the north–south hemispheric difference in the I-T coupling system in the American and Asian sectors during the geomagnetic superstorm that occurred in May 2024.Observations of the total electron content(TEC)showed that the Asian sector had negative storms in the northern hemisphere and positive storms in the southern hemisphere,a process that exacerbated the hemispheric differences in the TEC.However,both hemispheres of the American sector showed negative storms.The thermospheric composition changes also differed between the two sectors,and their variation could partially explain the hemispheric differences caused by positive and negative storms.Moreover,the influence of the thermospheric density change was less than that of the thermospheric composition.Finally,the dynamic effect of the thermospheric wind and the plasma transport processes strongly modulated the north–south differences in the TEC at nighttime in the American and Asian sectors,respectively,during this superstorm.
文摘血液复苏是严重失血患者的关键急救措施。血液复苏液体的选用,经历了从全血到晶体液/胶体液、晶体液联合红细胞、等比例血液成分的演进过程。近20年来,采用低效价抗体O型全血(low titer group O whole blood,LTOWB)作为血液复苏的首选应急通用桥接复苏液,已发展成为大趋势。我们对全血在严重失血患者的应用历史和现状做一介绍,并提出我国采用LTOWB作为首选应急通用血液的进一步论证和验证研究建议。
