Machine learning-enhanced Monte Carlo and subset simulations for advanced risk assessment in transportation infrastructure

The maintenance of safety and dependability in rail and road embankments is of utmost importance in order to facilitate the smooth operation of transportation networks.This study introduces a comprehensive methodology for soil slope stability evaluation,employing Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS)and Subset Simulation(SS)with the"UPSS 3.0 Add-in"in MS-Excel.Focused on an 11.693-meter embankment with a soil slope(inclination ratio of 2H:1V),the investigation considers earthquake coefficients(kh)and pore water pressure ratios(ru)following Indian zoning requirements.The chance of slope failure showed a considerable increase as the Coefficient of Variation(COV),seismic coefficients(kh),and pore water pressure ratios(ru)experienced an escalation.The SS approach showed exceptional efficacy in calculating odds of failure that are notably low.Within computational modeling,the study optimized the worst-case scenario using ANFIS-GA,ANFIS-GWO,ANFIS-PSO,and ANFIS-BBO models.The ANFIS-PSO model exhibits exceptional accuracy(training R2=0.9011,RMSE=0.0549;testing R2=0.8968,RMSE=0.0615),emerging as the most promising.This study highlights the significance of conducting thorough risk assessments and offers practical insights into evaluating and improving the stability of soil slopes in transportation infrastructure.These findings contribute to the enhancement of safety and reliability in real-world situations.

Comparison of Block Design Nonparametric Subset Selection Rules Based on Alternative Scoring Rules

This article compares the size of selected subsets using nonparametric subset selection rules with two different scoring rules for the observations. The scoring rules are based on the expected values of order statistics of the uniform distribution (yielding rank values) and of the normal distribution (yielding normal score values). The comparison is made using state motor vehicle traffic fatality rates, published in a 2016 article, with fifty-one states (including DC as a state) and over a nineteen-year period (1994 through 2012). The earlier study considered four block design selection rules—two for choosing a subset to contain the “best” population (i.e., state with lowest mean fatality rate) and two for the “worst” population (i.e., highest mean rate) with a probability of correct selection chosen to be 0.90. Two selection rules based on normal scores resulted in selected subset sizes substantially smaller than corresponding rules based on ranks (7 vs. 16 and 3 vs. 12). For two other selection rules, the subsets chosen were very close in size (within one). A comparison is also made using state homicide rates, published in a 2022 article, with fifty states and covering eight years. The results are qualitatively the same as those obtained with the motor vehicle traffic fatality rates.

Correlation Study Between T Lymphocyte Subsets and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective:To study the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on rheumatoid arthritis and T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to provide a new method for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by removing Helicobacter pylori from patients.Methods:60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis admitted to the hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected for the study,and all patients underwent a 13-carbon urea breath test to detect gastric H.pylori and the test results showed that 20 cases were negative and 40 cases were positive.The 40 positive patients were divided into the treatment group(n=20)and non-treatment group(n=20)by random number table method and the treatment group was given anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment,and the non-treatment group was given maintenance rheumatoid basic treatment,comparing the anti-cyclic citrulline peptide(CCP),DS28 score,peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets(CD4^(+)T-lymphocytes,CD8^(+)T-lymphocytes,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio)before and after the treatment of patients by 13-carbon urea respiration test(pylori-negative group,20 patients)and those who were positive for the treatment of H pylori(pylori-positive group,40 patients).Besides,the correlation of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets and disease activity between treatment and non-treatment groups in the pylori-positive group was identified together with the correlation of DS28 scores,TNF-αlevels,sedimentation and immunoglobulin,lymphocyte subsets in the pylori-positive treatment group and positive non-treatment group as well as the level of globulin,lymphocyte subsets,and peripheral blood lymphocytes before and after treatment.Results:Before treatment,CCP,DS28 score,CD8^(+)T lymphocyte level of the pylori-negative group were lower than that of the positive group,and CD4^(+)T lymphocyte and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio were higher than that of the positive group(P<0.05);after treatment,the indexes of the pylori-positive group improved,and there was no significant difference in the comparison of the indexes with those of the pylori-negative group(P>0.05);the positive treatment group had a DS28(3.19±1.02)points,positive non-treatment group DS28(5.36±1.85)points,non-treatment group DS28 score and CD4^(+)T lymphocytes,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)negative correlation with CD8^(+)T lymphocytes showed a positive correlation(P<0.05);before the treatment,pylori-positive treatment group and non-treatment group DS28 scores,TNF-αlevels,peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulation levels were not significantly different(P>0.05);after treatment,DS28 score,TNF-αlevel,CD8^(+)T of the treatment group were lower than those of the non-treatment group,and CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio were higher than those of the non-treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion:H.pylori affects the level of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,and there is a certain correlation between the two.Removal of H.pylori can improve the level of T lymphocyte subsets,which is important for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

SFSDA:Secure and Flexible Subset Data Aggregation with Fault Tolerance for Smart Grid

Smart grid(SG)brings convenience to users while facing great chal-lenges in protecting personal private data.Data aggregation plays a key role in protecting personal privacy by aggregating all personal data into a single value,preventing the leakage of personal data while ensuring its availability.Recently,a flexible subset data aggregation(FSDA)scheme based on the Pail-lier homomorphic encryption was first proposed by Zhang et al.Their scheme can dynamically adjust the size of each subset and obtain the aggregated data in the corresponding subset.In this paper,firstly,an efficient attack with both theorems proving and experimentative verification is launched.We find that in a specific scenario where the encrypted data constructed by a smart meter(SM)exceeds the size of one Paillier ciphertext,the malicious fog node(FN)may use the received ciphertext to obtain the reading of the SM.Secondly,to avoid the possibility of privacy disclosure under certain circumstances,additional hash functions are added to the individual encryption process.In addition,fault tolerance is very important to aggregation schemes in practical scenarios.In most of the current schemes,once some SMs failed,then they will not work.As far as we know,there is no multi-subset aggregation scheme both supports flexible subset data aggregation and fault tolerance.Finally,we construct the first secure flexible subset data aggregation(SFSDA)scheme with fault tolerance by combining the fault tolerance method with the flexible multi-subset aggregation,where FN enables the control server(CS)to finally decrypt the aggregated ciphertext by recovering equivalent ciphertexts when some SMs fail to submit their ciphertexts.Experiments show that our SFSDA scheme keeps the efficiency in implementing a flexible multi-subset aggregation function,and only has a small delay in implementing fault-tolerant data aggregation.

Association of T lymphocyte subset counts with the clinical features of colorectal cancer

Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common gastrointestinal malignancy.The T lymphocyte subsets are important in the develop-ment,invasion and metastasis of tumors,including CRC.Nevertheless,limited research has explored the relationship between T cell subpopu-lations and the clinical characteristics of CRC.This study compared the T lymphocyte subsets in patients with CRC and healthy individuals,and assessed the relationship between these values and clinical characteristics.Methods:Peripheral blood was collected from 100 patients with CRC and 54 healthy individuals.The numbers of CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lymphocytes,NK cells,and the CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T ratio in peripheral blood were measured using flow cytometry,and were compared between CRC patients and healthy individuals.Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the T lymphocyte subsets in patients diagnosed with CRC and the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and thymidine kinase 1(TK1).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized to evaluate the potential utility of the T lymphocyte counts in predicting lymph node metastasis,vas-cular infiltration,and high Ki-67 expression.Results:The CRC patients had lower counts of CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lymphocytes compared to the healthy population(P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed in the CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio or NK cells(P>0.05).Notably,the CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lym-phocyte counts were higher in patients with stageⅠ-Ⅱdisease,no lymph node metastasis,no vascular invasion,and low Ki-67 expression than in those with stageⅢ,lymph node metastasis,vascular invasion,and high Ki-67 expression(P<0.05).There was a negative association be-tween the CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lymphocyte counts and CEA and TK1 levels in patients with CRC.The ROC curves demonstrated that CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lymphocyte counts had significant predictive value for lymph node metastasis,vascular infiltration,and high Ki-67 expression.Conclusions:The peripheral blood CD3^(+)T,CD4^(+)T,and CD8^(+)T lymphocyte counts are related to the clinical traits of patients with CRC and can predict the prognosis of the disease.

基于XGBoost的中国上市公司违约风险预测模型

准确预测上市公司的违约风险,是企业信用风险评价的关键,也是金融机构信贷决策的重要依据。通过线性回归模型的信息量AIC遴选违约判别能力最大的指标组合,采用粒子群优化算法构建基于XGBoost的违约预测模型。选取中国A股3425家上市公司不同时间窗口的数据为样本进行违约预测,将所构建的PSO-XGBoost模型与逻辑回归、支持向量机等13种预测模型对比,验证所建模型的有效性。通过UCI数据库中的3个公开信用数据集,利用Friedman检验,验证所建模型的稳健性。研究表明:使用上市公司数据与13种模型对比,PSO-XGBoost模型提高了预测精度G-mean;使用3个公开信用数据集,在多个评价指标上,PSO-XGBoost模型的平均预测性能显著优于对比模型;通过指标对预测结果的贡献获得指标重要性得分,增强了预测模型的可解释性。研究发现:“资产负债率”“流动比率”“长期资本负债率”等财务指标对违约预测的影响最大,“行业景气指数”“社会消费品零售总额增长率”“流通中现金(M0)供应量同比增长率”等指标是影响违约预测的重要指标。本研究可以为提高违约风险预测的准确性提供有效的方法和实证证据,有助于加强上市公司违约风险的预警和防范,降低违约风险监管成本,为企业管理者、债权人及投资者提供良好的决策支持。

老年初治肺结核中医证型与细胞因子及免疫表达的相关性分析

目的 观察老年初治肺结核患者血清中细胞因子及TB淋巴细胞亚群的表达水平,探究中医证型与细胞因子、TB淋巴细胞表达之间的关系。方法 纳入2016年5月至2021年12月解放军总医院第八医学中心结核医学部收治的初治老年肺结核病患者322例作为研究对象,根据辨证分型分为肺阴亏虚组78例、阴虚火旺组83例、气阴两虚组79例、阴阳两虚组82例。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-5、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、IL-4、IL-10等细胞因子的表达水平,流式细胞仪测定TB淋巴细胞亚群中CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、B细胞、NK细胞的绝对数及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T细胞比值,并将测定结果进行统计学分析。结果 四组肺结核患者IL-β、IL-5、IL-2、IL-17、IL-4、IL-10水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。气阴两虚组IFN-γ水平显著高于其他三组(P<0.05);阴阳两虚组TNF-α水平显著高于其他三组(P<0.05);阴阳两虚组、气阴两虚组、阴虚火旺组、肺阴亏虚组的IL-6水平依次降低(P<0.05);阴阳两虚组IL-8水平显著高于其他三组,气阴两虚组高于肺阴亏虚组、阴虚火旺组(P<0.05)。CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、B细胞、NK细胞绝对数在阴阳两虚组、气阴两虚组、阴虚火旺组、肺阴亏虚组依次降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴阳两虚组CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T细胞比值显著高于其他三组,肺阴亏虚组、阴虚火旺组、气阴两虚组组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 不同证型的老年肺结核病患者细胞因子及免疫细胞表达存在差异性,可作为中医辨证论治的客观参考标准之一,为临床辨证治疗提供一定参考。

经导管动脉化疗栓塞术联合微波消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌患者疗效观察

目的观察经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合微波消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)对患者血清肿瘤标志物、T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法收集2018年10月—2021年12月哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院介入科收治的原发性HCC患者104例临床资料,随机分为TACE组52例(TACE治疗)、联合组52例(TACE+微波消融治疗),评估术后1个月疗效,比较治疗前后2组患者肝功能指标、血清肿瘤标志物、T淋巴细胞亚群,统计患者并发症发生率。结果联合组总有效率为86.5%,高于TACE组的69.2%(χ^(2)/P=4.522/0.033);治疗后1个月联合组AST、ALT水平低于TACE组(t=10.473、8.602,P均<0.001);AFP水平低于TACE组(t=11.724,P<0.001);CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于TACE组,CD8^(+)低于TACE组(t=3.913、5.460、5.586,P均<0.001);2组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论原发性HCC患者接受TACE联合微波消融治疗可显著下调其血清肿瘤标志物水平,改善肝功能及免疫功能,提升整体疗效。

超声结合检验指标评价不同放疗方式对肺癌患者淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的探索不同调强放疗方式H-alfentanil区差异对原发性肺癌患者围放疗期外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法选取2021年8月至2023年1月于河北北方学院附属第一医院放疗科行放疗的原发性肺癌患者58例,根据放疗方式不同分为IMRT组(n=28)、VMAT组(n=30);记录2组患者放疗计划参数;选定放疗前1周内(T0)、放疗剂量至40Gy时(T1)、放疗结束后4周(T2)3个时间点进行外周血淋巴细胞和亚群化验及超声检查锁骨上淋巴结及颈部淋巴结。结果治疗前VMAT组双肺V5、V10、V15、V20、V25、V30高于IMRT组,MLD低于IMRT组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗前PTV、2组淋巴细胞亚群各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后2组的淋巴细胞总数、CD3^(+)T总数、CD3^(+)CD4^(+)T亚群、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均降低(P<0.01);CD3^(+)CD8^(+)T亚群、CD16^(+)CD56^(+)NK亚群均升高(P<0.01);其中VMAT组CD3^(+)CD4^(+)T亚群指标、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)指标低于IMRT组(P<0.05);Logistic分析,2组患者淋巴细胞总数的下降与双肺V5、V10、V15、V35、V40、V45、V50、V60呈正相关(P<0.05);超声检查锁骨上淋巴结及颈部淋巴结大小、形态及淋巴门的位置比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论原发性肺癌行IMRT、VMAT放疗均引起外周血淋巴细胞减少及淋巴细胞亚群再分布,VMAT放疗双肺H-alfentanil区较IMRT范围更大,外周血淋巴细胞减低越明显,超声的形态学检查在评价不同放疗方式对肺癌患者淋巴细胞亚群的影响的作用有限。

宣白承气汤治疗肺热腑实型重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍的临床研究

目的探讨宣白承气汤对肺热腑实型重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍患者呼吸、氧合功能及血清水通道蛋白(AQP)1和AQP5表达水平的影响。方法60例肺热腑实型重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍患者随机分为对照组和试验组各30例。对照组采用西医常规治疗,试验组在对照组治疗基础上加服宣白承气汤,2组疗程均为7 d。比较治疗前后2组患者呼吸频率和氧合指数、机械通气使用率、临床疗效评分(CURB-65、CPIS量表)、中医证候积分、胃肠功能指标[腹内压、血清促胃液素(GAS)和血管活性肠肽(VIP)]、血清AQP1和AQP5水平,记录并比较2组患者治疗期间机械通气天数及ICU住院天数。结果治疗后,与对照组比较,试验组患者呼吸频率、中医证候积分、腹内压均显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),血清GAS、AQP1和AQP5水平及氧合指数显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论宣白承气汤能显著改善患者的呼吸和氧合功能等临床症状,其机制可能与调控AQP1和AQP5有关。

黄芪对甲状腺功能正常的桥本甲状腺炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群表达的影响

目的·探讨黄芪对甲状腺功能正常的桥本甲状腺炎患者T淋巴细胞亚群及细胞因子表达的影响。方法·选择2020年1月—12月在上海市第六人民医院金山分院接受治疗且资料完整的甲状腺功能正常的桥本甲状腺炎患者120例,采用随机数字表将患者为干预组及对照组,每组各60例。对照组治疗方案为碘适宜状态饮食,干预组在对照组治疗方案基础上联合黄芪药液口服(150 mL/次,2次/d)治疗。连续治疗6个月,比较2组治疗前后外周血清T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)),细胞因子[包括白细胞介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、IL-6、IL-10],超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP),红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR),以及甲状腺功能及自身抗体、肝肾功能等指标的变化。观察黄芪治疗期间不良反应。应用多因素线性回归分析甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPOAb)变化幅度的影响因素。结果·最终纳入118例患者,每组各59例。治疗6个月后,干预组CD4^(+)T细胞比例,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值,IL-2、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、hs-CRP、ESR、TPOAb和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(thyroglobulin antibody,TGAb)水平均较治疗前及其同期对照组显著改善,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对照组治疗后上述指标与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后干预组未见严重不良反应。多因素线性回归分析结果显示,应用黄芪、CD4^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值升高幅度及hs-CRP下降幅度均是TPOAb下降幅度的独立影响因素(β=−0.393,P=0.029;β=−0.513,P=0.010;β=−0.351,P=0.035;β=0.434,P=0.023)。结论·黄芪可改善甲状腺功能正常的桥本甲状腺炎患者CD4^(+)T细胞、IL-2、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值,且安全性佳。

PD-1检测联合T淋巴细胞亚群分析对脓毒症患者预后评估的临床研究

目的 检测PD-1表达量联合T淋巴细胞亚群和部分细胞因子分析,评估脓毒症患者的免疫状态及预后。方法 选取符合2016年美国重症医学会/欧洲重症医学会(SCCM/ESICM)脓毒症及脓毒症休克定义Sepsis-3诊断标准,并且符合入组条件的68例患者,根据病情分为脓毒症组和脓毒症休克组,其中脓毒症组30例,脓毒症休克组38例,记录患者一般临床资料,通过ELISA法检测PD-1,抽取外周血送检,检查项目包括血常规、淋巴细胞亚群测定(T辅助淋巴细胞CD4^(+)与T抑制淋巴细胞CD8^(+))、降钙素原、白介素-6、超敏C反应蛋白。结果 2组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但2组患者急性生理与慢性健康评分和序贯器官衰竭的评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脓毒症休克组的PD-1较脓毒症组表达水平高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但淋巴细胞计数、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)较脓毒症组低(P<0.05);2组患者的感染指标降钙素原及炎症指标白介素-6和超敏C反应蛋白比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),脓毒症休克组较脓毒症组检测值更高(P<0.05);总T淋巴细胞相比,2组患者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脓毒症休克组患者的住ICU时间、14天病死率、28天病死率均较脓毒症组明显升高(P<0.05);PD-1表达水平、CD4^(+)T细胞是影响脓毒症患者死亡的独立危险因素。结论 脓毒症和脓毒症休克患者早期即出现免疫抑制,脓毒症休克组患者免疫抑制更严重,预后更差。

不同剂量异烟肼治疗肺结核的临床效果及对患者肺功能和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的 探讨不同剂量异烟肼治疗肺结核的临床效果及对患者肺功能、T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法 选取2020年6月至2022年6月河北省胸科医院收治的肺结核患者90例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组在常规抗结核药物基础上予0.3 g/d异烟肼治疗,观察组在常规抗结核药物基础上予0.5 g/d异烟肼治疗,2组疗程均为6个月。比较2组临床疗效,评估患者肺功能及T淋巴细胞亚群变化情况。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组最大呼气流量、第1秒用力呼气容积均高于治疗前,且观察组均高于对照组[(7.8±1.4)L/s比(6.3±1.2)L/s、(1.48±0.28)L比(1.15±0.23)L](均P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8比值均高于治疗前,且观察组均高于对照组,CD+8均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(均P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 不同剂量异烟肼治疗肺结核的临床效果不同,增加异烟肼剂量至0.5 g/d能够提升疗效,促进肺结核患者肺功能改善,提高免疫功能,且安全性较好。

雷帕霉素在移植物抗宿主病防治中作用的研究进展

移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)降低异基因造血干细胞移植后患者的疗效和生活质量,特别是激素耐药的GVHD,探索新的防治策略至关重要。雷帕霉素通过抑制mTOR信号通路,在急、慢性GVHD的预防和治疗中均显示出一定的临床优势。另外,雷帕霉素可以调节T细胞、B细胞、树突细胞、骨髓来源的抑制细胞等细胞亚群,阐明了其有效防控GVHD的机制。本文就mTOR抑制剂雷帕霉素防治GVHD的最新研究进展作一综述,同时就如何优化使用雷帕霉素提出新的思考。

贝伐珠单抗联合雷替曲塞或卡培他滨治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效比较

目的比较贝伐珠单抗联合雷替曲塞或卡培他滨治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床疗效。方法选取沧州市中心医院2021年2月至2022年8月收治的晚期结直肠癌患者110例,按随机数字表法分为贝伐珠单抗+卡培他滨组(简称贝+卡组)和贝伐珠单抗+雷替曲塞组(简称贝+雷组),各55例。两组患者均予贝伐珠单抗注射液静脉滴注,贝+卡组患者加用卡培他滨片口服,贝+雷组患者加用注射用雷替曲塞静脉滴注(另外建立一组静脉滴注通路)。两组均以3周为1个疗程,共治疗6个疗程,并随访6个月。结果治疗后,贝+卡组患者总生存期(OS)和无进展生存期(PFS)分别为(12.26±2.94)个月和(6.17±1.74)个月,与贝+雷组的(12.57±2.15)个月和(6.62±1.80)个月相当(P>0.05)。贝+雷组的客观缓解率和疾病控制率分别为34.55%和65.45%,与贝+卡组的32.73%和61.82%相当(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板源性生长因子及T淋巴细胞亚群(CD_(3)^(+),CD_(4)^(+),CD_(8)^(+))水平均显著改善(P<0.05),且贝+雷组改善幅度均显著大于贝+卡组(P<0.05)。贝+雷组Ⅰ-Ⅱ级、Ⅲ-Ⅳ级手足综合征及腹泻,Ⅰ-Ⅱ级恶心呕吐及周围神经毒性的发生率均显著低于贝+卡组(P<0.05)。结论贝伐珠单抗联合雷替曲塞或卡培他滨治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效相近,但前一组合在改善血清血管生长因子及T淋巴细胞亚群水平方面更具优势。

楮芍凉血汤加减治疗寻常型银屑病的效果及对免疫功能、辅助性T淋巴细胞17相关因子的影响

目的观察楮芍凉血汤加减治疗寻常型银屑病的临床疗效和对免疫功能、辅助性T淋巴细胞17(Th17)相关因子的影响。方法选取2020年2月至2021年12月在本院接受治疗64例进行期PV患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和观察组各32例。对照组患者接受常规西药治疗,观察组接受楮芍凉血汤加减治疗,治疗周期为6周。所有研究对象均检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、分离单个核细胞(PBMC)情况,分析PBMC中Thl7细胞相关因子白细胞介素17(IL-17)、IL-22、维甲酸相关孤儿受体γ(ROR-γ)mRNA、干扰素γ(INF-γ)mRNA相对表达量,并对比临床总疗效。结果治疗6周后,观察组总有效治疗30例(93.75%),对照组总有效治疗24例(75.00%),2组总疗效差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6周后,2组患者T淋巴细胞指标CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均升高,CD8^(+)及Th17相关因子IL-17、IL-22、RORC mRNA、INF-γmRNA相对表达量均降低,组内不同时点和组间同时点比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论楮芍凉血汤可有效治疗寻常型银屑病,且作用机制与T淋巴细胞亚群分布及Thl7细胞相关因子有关,可以提高机体免疫功能,以此减少不良症状,提高临床疗效。

T细胞亚群与应用免疫检查点抑制剂的肿瘤患者产生不良反应的相关性分析

目的观察临床不同癌种患者在接受肿瘤细胞免疫检查点抑制剂治疗前后外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群的变化,探索其与不良反应发生相关性。方法回顾性收集2021年8月~2022年12月于辽宁中医药大学附属医院住院接受ICIs治疗的60例肿瘤患者的临床资料,对比接受ICI治疗前后的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)计数及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)的变化,分析T细胞亚群变化的影响因素。结果接受ICI治疗后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)计数较前升高、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)较前升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);虽CD8^(+)较前降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果显示使用中药时间越长,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)更趋近于正常范围0.7~2.78,同时不良反应出现的几率越低,irAEs分级越低。结论细胞病理免疫分析的T淋巴细胞结果或可作为临床指导预防免疫相关不良反应的指标之一,治疗过程中联合应用中药可显著降低临床不良反应。

肠道菌群情况与发声和多种运动联合抽动障碍患儿神经递质、神经功能及T细胞亚群的相关性分析

目的探讨发声和多种运动联合抽动障碍(又称抽动症)患儿肠道菌群分布情况与其神经递质、神经功能及T细胞亚群的相关性。方法以2020年5月—2023年5月南京中医药大学附属南京市中西医结合医院收治的97例抽动症患儿作为研究对象,通过耶鲁抽动症整体严重度量表(YGTSS)将所有患儿分为轻度组23例、中度组42例和重度组32例。采集所有患儿粪便样本,采用16S rRNA测序技术和Qiime软件进行肠道菌群α多样性分析[Chao1指数、observed species(Sobs)指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数];测定T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))和神经递质[5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]水平;评估两组儿童神经功能;采用Pearson相关性分析探讨患儿肠道菌群与神经递质、神经功能及T细胞亚群的关系。结果与轻度组相比,中度组和重度组的YGTSS评分的运动性抽动、发声性抽动、总分更高(P<0.05);轻度组、中度组和重度组患儿的Chao1、Sobs、Shannon和Simpson指数比较,经方差分析,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与轻度组相比,中度组和重度组的α多样性更低(P<0.05);轻度组、中度组和重度组患儿的CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比较,经方差分析,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与轻度组相比,中度组和重度组的CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)更低,CD8^(+)更高(P<0.05);与轻度组相比,中度组和重度组的5-HT和DA更高,GABA、NE、神经功能评分更低(P<0.05)。根据Pearson相关性分析结果,患儿Chao1、Sobs、Shannon和Simpson指数与5-HT、DA呈负相关(P<0.05),与CD4^(+)、GABA、NE和神经功能评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论肠道菌群与抽动症患儿的神经递质、神经功能和T细胞亚群密切相关。

免疫细胞及炎症因子对晚期肺癌一线化疗效果的预测价值

【目的】探讨T淋巴细胞亚群、肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞(Tils)及炎症因子对晚期肺癌一线化疗效果的预测价值。【方法】检测98例首诊TNM分期为Ⅲ/Ⅳ期的非小细胞肺腺癌患者的血清白细胞介素1α(IL-1α)、IL-6、IL-17、γ-干扰素(INF-γ)水平及T淋巴细胞亚群CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、调节性T细胞、CD57^(+)细胞、Granzyme B^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例;所有患者均接受紫杉醇注射液+顺铂化疗,治疗4个周期后评定疗效,并据此分为有效组和无效组,分析化疗无效的影响因素及预测疗效的有效标志物。【结果】化疗后,98例患者中69例化疗有效,29例无效。无效组患者淋巴结转移占比及调节性T细胞、IL-1α表达水平均高于有效组(P<0.05),CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例均低于有效组(P<0.05)。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示,调节性T细胞、IL-1α水平高是肺癌患者化疗无效的危险因素(P<0.05),CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例高是保护因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,调节性T细胞、CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞、IL-1α水平预测化疗效果的灵敏度分别为82.76%、86.21%、89.66%、93.10%,四者联合的灵敏度、特异度和曲线下面积(AUC)分别为82.76%、97.10%、0.957。【结论】T淋巴细胞亚群、Tils及炎症因子水平与晚期肺癌治疗效果密切相关,其可作为预测疗效的敏感指标。

帕金森病患者免疫球蛋白、Th9亚群水平变化及其与IGF-1、S-100B蛋白的相关性

目的:研究帕金森病(PD)患者免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA和IgM)、辅助性T细胞亚群Th9水平变化及其与胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-1)、S-100B蛋白的相关性。方法:选取2020年12月至2022年12月期间在河北省中医院确诊的108例PD患者,将其作为研究组,并根据患者病变程度分为轻度组(35例)、中度组(44例)和重度组(29例);另选108例健康成人作为对照组。对比研究组和对照组免疫球蛋白和Th9亚群水平,以及轻度组、中度组及重度组免疫球蛋白、Th9亚群、IGF-1和S-100B蛋白水平,采用Pearson相关性分析免疫球蛋白、Th9亚群和IGF-1、S-100B蛋白的相关性。采用Spearman相关性分析PD患者疾病程度和所有差异指标间的相关性。结果:研究组IgM水平较对照组低,且重度组低于中度组,中度组低于轻度组(P<0.05);研究组IgG、IgA、IL-9和Th9亚群水平较对照组高,且重度组高于中度组,中度组高于轻度组(P<0.05)。重度组IGF-1水平低于中度组,中度组低于轻度组;重度组S-100B蛋白水平高于中度组,中度组高于轻度组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,PD患者IgM水平与IGF-1水平呈正相关,与S-100B蛋白水平呈负相关;IgG、IgA、IL-9和Th9亚群水平均与IGF-1水平呈负相关,与S-100B蛋白水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,PD患者疾病程度与IgM、IGF-1水平呈负相关,与S-100B蛋白、IgG、IgA、IL-9和Th9亚群水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:PD患者IgM水平降低,IgG、IgA、Th9亚群水平升高,且其水平变化与IGF-1、S-100B明显相关,可以用于评估病情的严重程度。