Sucrose nonfermenting-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)is one of the critical serine/threonine protein kinases.It commonly mediates plant growth and development,cross-talks with metabolism processes and physiological re...Sucrose nonfermenting-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)is one of the critical serine/threonine protein kinases.It commonly mediates plant growth and development,cross-talks with metabolism processes and physiological responses to biotic or abiotic stresses.It plays a key role in distributing carbohydrates and sugar signal transporting.In the present study,eight SnRK1 coding genes were identified in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)via sequences alignment,with three forαsubunits(SnRK1α1 to SnRK1α3),three forβ(SnRK1β1 to SnRK1β3),and one for bothγ(SnRK1γ)andβγ(SnRK1βγ).These eight corresponding genes located on five chromosomes(Chr)of Chr1–3,Chr7,and Chr9 and presented collinearities to SnRK1s from maize and rice,exhibiting highly conserved domains within the same subunits from the three kinds of cereals.Expression results via qRT-PCR showed that different coding genes of SnRK1s in sorghum possessed similar expression patterns except for SnRK1α3 with a low expression level in grains and SnRK1β2 with a relatively high expression level in inflorescences.Results of subcellular localization in sorghum leaf protoplast showed that SnRK1α1/α2/α3/γmainly located on organelles,while the rest four of SnRK1β1/β2/β3/βγlocated on both membranes and some organelles.Besides,three combinations were discovered among eight SnRK1 subunits in sorghum through yeast two hybrid,includingα1-β2-βγ,α2-β3-γ,andα3-β3-γ.These results provide informative references for the following functional dissection of SnRK1 subunits in sorghum.展开更多
Plants overcome environmental stress by generating metabolic pathways.Thus,it is crucial to understand the physiological mechanisms of plant responses to changing environments.Ardisia crenata var.bicolor has an import...Plants overcome environmental stress by generating metabolic pathways.Thus,it is crucial to understand the physiological mechanisms of plant responses to changing environments.Ardisia crenata var.bicolor has an important ornamental and medicinal value.To reveal the impact of elevational gradient on the habitat soil and plant physiological attributes of this species,we collected root topsoil(0–20 cm)and subsoil(20–40 cm)samples and upper leaves at the initial blooming phase,in a survey of six elevations at 1,257 m,1,538 m,1,744 m,1,970 m,2,135 m,and 2,376 m,with 18 block plots,and 5sampling points at each site.Temperature decreases with an increase in elevation,and soil variables,and enzymatic activities fluctuated in both the topsoil and subsoil,with all of them increasing with elevation and decreasing with soil depth.Redundancy analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the distribution of A.crenata var.bicolor along the elevational gradient and soil nutrients and enzyme activities,the soil properties were mainly affected by p H at low elevations,and governed by total phosphorus(TP)and available nitrogen(AN)at high elevations.The levels of chlorophyll,carbohydrates,and enzymatic activity except for anthocyanin in this species showed significant variation depending on physiological attributes evaluated at the different collection elevations.The decline in chlorophyll a and b may be associated with the adaptive response to avoid environmental stress,while its higher soluble sugar and protein contents play important roles in escaping adverse climatic conditions,and the increases in activities of antioxidant enzymes except peroxidase(POD)reflect this species’higher capacity for reactive oxygen scavenging(ROS)at high elevations.This study provides supporting evidence that elevation significantly affects the physiological attributes of A.crenata var.bicolor on Gaoligong Mountain,which is helpful for understanding plant adaptation strategies and the plasticity of plant physiological traits along the elevational gradients.展开更多
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba plays a key role in the Antarctic food web.The trophic linkage between krill and other macro-organisms has been studied in the past decades,but the variability of parasites in krill i...Antarctic krill Euphausia superba plays a key role in the Antarctic food web.The trophic linkage between krill and other macro-organisms has been studied in the past decades,but the variability of parasites in krill is less studied and remains poorly understood.Therefore,it is important to understand the factors that influence abundance and infection of parasites in krill.Moreover,the relationship between the infection intensity of parasite and krill diet needs to be clarified,which is helpful for understanding the role of parasite in the food web.We investigated the abundance of the highly prevalent gregarine parasites in the digestive tract of krill and the factors influencing the gregarine infection to krill in the East Antarctic.The infection rate of Cephaloidophora pacifica Avdeev,1985 to krill(n=50 individuals)was 94%.The results of generalized linear model show the infection intensity of C.pacifica to the host was related significantly to the station,krill size,and maturity stage,but not the food species and abundance in the stomach of krill.Abundance of C.pacifica in krill differed among stations,and the lowest abundance occurred in the station nearest to the coast.Gregarines abundance varied among sexual maturity stages of krill and increased with krill size.展开更多
In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to ...In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle<sup>−1</sup> and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.展开更多
Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specim...Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).展开更多
One specimen was collected from Lancangjiang River in Jinghong,China on August 1st,2006.It is identified as Anguilla bicolor McClelland,1844,a new record of Anguillidae species occurring in Lancangjiang River in China...One specimen was collected from Lancangjiang River in Jinghong,China on August 1st,2006.It is identified as Anguilla bicolor McClelland,1844,a new record of Anguillidae species occurring in Lancangjiang River in China.It could be distinguished from other Anguilla species by the character as：dorsal-fin origin located above vent vertically.It is an active nocturnal forager,feeding largely on a diet of crustaceans and mollusks.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different salt concentrations on the root vitality of Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze. [Method] Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze was treated with 0, 100, 2...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different salt concentrations on the root vitality of Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze. [Method] Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze was treated with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mmol/L NaCl, respectively. After two weeks, root vitality, biomass and other physiological indicators were measured. [Result] Salt stress had significant influences on the growth of roots. Root vitality of Limonium bicolor increased firstly and reduced gradually with the increase of salt concentration. [Conclusion] The results indicate that Limonium bicolor has certain salt tolerance ability at low salt concentrations; under relatively high salt concentrations, Limonium bicolor roots can maintain high vitality; however, with the continuous increase of salt concentration, Limonium bicolor roots are damaged, with decreasing vitality.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the germplasm resources of salt-tolerant Spartina,sweet-stalk Soughum bicolor and high-yield Oryza sativa for innovation of new germplasms of salt-tolerant and sweet-stalk Oryza...[Objective] This study aimed to explore the germplasm resources of salt-tolerant Spartina,sweet-stalk Soughum bicolor and high-yield Oryza sativa for innovation of new germplasms of salt-tolerant and sweet-stalk Oryza sativa with dual purpose of food and forage in sea beach.[Method] From 2009 to 2012,researches on distant hybridization of Spartina,Soughum bicolor and Oryza sativa had been carried out,and the RAPD molecular identification of obtained distant hybridization materials had been conducted.[Result] Experimental evidences of hybrid seed setting,transplanting and economic characters of hybrid materials were obtained;among the 14 hybrid materials for RAPD analysis,5 materials shared common bands with Spartina and Soughum bicolor parents,which were absent in Oryza sativa parent,indicating that the genetic component of Spartina and Soughum bicolor parents has been integrated into the 5 distant hybrids.[Conclusion] This study has important scientific significance in recourse utilization,agricultural efficiency improvement,food security,and cultivation strategy of China,showing broad application prospects.展开更多
Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment of nauplii to the water column population. The distribution and abundance of viable resting eggs of Acartia...Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment of nauplii to the water column population. The distribution and abundance of viable resting eggs of Acartia pacifica in the Xiamen Bay were determined by the presence of nauplii in the laboratory. The number of viable eggs var/ed temporally and spatially. The maximum number (9.2×10^4m^-2) of viable eggs was in summer. In spring the average abundance of viable eggs was 5.6×10^4 m^-2. The abundances of viable eggs in fall and winter were similar, respectively 2.7×10^4 and 3.3×10^4m^-2, which were the lowest in the year. The numbers of viable eggs inside the stations of the Xiamen Bay were higher than those outside the stations. The viable eggs were found at all depths (0-10 cm),although not in every station. The maximum number did not necessarily occur in the uppermost centimeter of the sediments but often occurred several centimeters below the water-sediment interface. The accumulation of viable eggs in the seabed of a subtropical bay constitutes a potential source of recruitment of nauplii into the pelagic population.展开更多
Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment ofnauplii to the water column population. The potential effects of two organochlorine pesticides, hexchlori...Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment ofnauplii to the water column population. The potential effects of two organochlorine pesticides, hexchloriobinzene （HCH） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDT）, on the recruitment of A ccu＇tla pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs in the seabed of Xiamen Bay were experimentally investigated. The abundance of A. pacifica nauplii hatched from the sediment significantly decreased with the increase of pesticide concentration. Trimmed Spearman-Karber analysis gave sediment 96-h LC50 values were 84.81 ng/g for HCH, and 157.94 ng/g for DDT. The median AI （Al50） was -0.77, which suggested that the combined effect of riCH and DDT showed a weak effect than individual effects. There was a positive relationship between mortality and exposure time in DDT treatment, while the relationship was not significant in HCH treatment. The results suggest that organochlorine pesticides can reduce recruitment of A. pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs to planktonic population.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001607)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Southwest University,China(SWU118087)。
文摘Sucrose nonfermenting-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)is one of the critical serine/threonine protein kinases.It commonly mediates plant growth and development,cross-talks with metabolism processes and physiological responses to biotic or abiotic stresses.It plays a key role in distributing carbohydrates and sugar signal transporting.In the present study,eight SnRK1 coding genes were identified in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)via sequences alignment,with three forαsubunits(SnRK1α1 to SnRK1α3),three forβ(SnRK1β1 to SnRK1β3),and one for bothγ(SnRK1γ)andβγ(SnRK1βγ).These eight corresponding genes located on five chromosomes(Chr)of Chr1–3,Chr7,and Chr9 and presented collinearities to SnRK1s from maize and rice,exhibiting highly conserved domains within the same subunits from the three kinds of cereals.Expression results via qRT-PCR showed that different coding genes of SnRK1s in sorghum possessed similar expression patterns except for SnRK1α3 with a low expression level in grains and SnRK1β2 with a relatively high expression level in inflorescences.Results of subcellular localization in sorghum leaf protoplast showed that SnRK1α1/α2/α3/γmainly located on organelles,while the rest four of SnRK1β1/β2/β3/βγlocated on both membranes and some organelles.Besides,three combinations were discovered among eight SnRK1 subunits in sorghum through yeast two hybrid,includingα1-β2-βγ,α2-β3-γ,andα3-β3-γ.These results provide informative references for the following functional dissection of SnRK1 subunits in sorghum.
基金supported by the Doctoral Research Fund Project of Southwest Forestry University(CN)(Grant No.111806)。
文摘Plants overcome environmental stress by generating metabolic pathways.Thus,it is crucial to understand the physiological mechanisms of plant responses to changing environments.Ardisia crenata var.bicolor has an important ornamental and medicinal value.To reveal the impact of elevational gradient on the habitat soil and plant physiological attributes of this species,we collected root topsoil(0–20 cm)and subsoil(20–40 cm)samples and upper leaves at the initial blooming phase,in a survey of six elevations at 1,257 m,1,538 m,1,744 m,1,970 m,2,135 m,and 2,376 m,with 18 block plots,and 5sampling points at each site.Temperature decreases with an increase in elevation,and soil variables,and enzymatic activities fluctuated in both the topsoil and subsoil,with all of them increasing with elevation and decreasing with soil depth.Redundancy analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the distribution of A.crenata var.bicolor along the elevational gradient and soil nutrients and enzyme activities,the soil properties were mainly affected by p H at low elevations,and governed by total phosphorus(TP)and available nitrogen(AN)at high elevations.The levels of chlorophyll,carbohydrates,and enzymatic activity except for anthocyanin in this species showed significant variation depending on physiological attributes evaluated at the different collection elevations.The decline in chlorophyll a and b may be associated with the adaptive response to avoid environmental stress,while its higher soluble sugar and protein contents play important roles in escaping adverse climatic conditions,and the increases in activities of antioxidant enzymes except peroxidase(POD)reflect this species’higher capacity for reactive oxygen scavenging(ROS)at high elevations.This study provides supporting evidence that elevation significantly affects the physiological attributes of A.crenata var.bicolor on Gaoligong Mountain,which is helpful for understanding plant adaptation strategies and the plasticity of plant physiological traits along the elevational gradients.
基金Supported by the‘Inter-governmental Science and Technology Innovation(STI)Cooperation Special Program’of the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023 YFE 0104500 to GPZ)。
文摘Antarctic krill Euphausia superba plays a key role in the Antarctic food web.The trophic linkage between krill and other macro-organisms has been studied in the past decades,but the variability of parasites in krill is less studied and remains poorly understood.Therefore,it is important to understand the factors that influence abundance and infection of parasites in krill.Moreover,the relationship between the infection intensity of parasite and krill diet needs to be clarified,which is helpful for understanding the role of parasite in the food web.We investigated the abundance of the highly prevalent gregarine parasites in the digestive tract of krill and the factors influencing the gregarine infection to krill in the East Antarctic.The infection rate of Cephaloidophora pacifica Avdeev,1985 to krill(n=50 individuals)was 94%.The results of generalized linear model show the infection intensity of C.pacifica to the host was related significantly to the station,krill size,and maturity stage,but not the food species and abundance in the stomach of krill.Abundance of C.pacifica in krill differed among stations,and the lowest abundance occurred in the station nearest to the coast.Gregarines abundance varied among sexual maturity stages of krill and increased with krill size.
文摘In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle<sup>−1</sup> and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.
文摘Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).
基金This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China(30970326,U0936602,30870291)the Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan University(2008YB004)
文摘One specimen was collected from Lancangjiang River in Jinghong,China on August 1st,2006.It is identified as Anguilla bicolor McClelland,1844,a new record of Anguillidae species occurring in Lancangjiang River in China.It could be distinguished from other Anguilla species by the character as：dorsal-fin origin located above vent vertically.It is an active nocturnal forager,feeding largely on a diet of crustaceans and mollusks.
基金Supported by National High-Technology Research and Development Program(863)(2007AA091701)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different salt concentrations on the root vitality of Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze. [Method] Limonium bicolor （Bunge） Kuntze was treated with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mmol/L NaCl, respectively. After two weeks, root vitality, biomass and other physiological indicators were measured. [Result] Salt stress had significant influences on the growth of roots. Root vitality of Limonium bicolor increased firstly and reduced gradually with the increase of salt concentration. [Conclusion] The results indicate that Limonium bicolor has certain salt tolerance ability at low salt concentrations; under relatively high salt concentrations, Limonium bicolor roots can maintain high vitality; however, with the continuous increase of salt concentration, Limonium bicolor roots are damaged, with decreasing vitality.
文摘花叶芋(Calalium bicolor),又名五彩芋,属天南星科,是一种美丽的观叶植物,原是通过块茎繁殖,但其休眠期长,增殖速度慢,因此,利用组培扩大繁殖,以满足市场需要。关于花叶芋的组培,已有不少报道,但对合适的培养基的筛选,分化的途径都还有研究的必要。为此,我们以花叶芋叶柄、叶片为材料进行了初步研究现结果如下:1.愈伤组织的诱导和培养基的改进:所用培养基中在 MS 附加2,4-D1ppm,KT 1ppm、
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"Exploration and Innovation of Salt-tolerant and Sweet-stalk Rice Germplasm Resources with Dual Purpose of Food and Forage in Sea Beach"(BK2010270)Application Research Project from Nantong Municipal Science and Technology Bureau"Study on Molecular Breeding Technology for Salt-tolerant and Sweet-stalk Superior Forage Rice in Sea Beach"(BK2011006)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore the germplasm resources of salt-tolerant Spartina,sweet-stalk Soughum bicolor and high-yield Oryza sativa for innovation of new germplasms of salt-tolerant and sweet-stalk Oryza sativa with dual purpose of food and forage in sea beach.[Method] From 2009 to 2012,researches on distant hybridization of Spartina,Soughum bicolor and Oryza sativa had been carried out,and the RAPD molecular identification of obtained distant hybridization materials had been conducted.[Result] Experimental evidences of hybrid seed setting,transplanting and economic characters of hybrid materials were obtained;among the 14 hybrid materials for RAPD analysis,5 materials shared common bands with Spartina and Soughum bicolor parents,which were absent in Oryza sativa parent,indicating that the genetic component of Spartina and Soughum bicolor parents has been integrated into the 5 distant hybrids.[Conclusion] This study has important scientific significance in recourse utilization,agricultural efficiency improvement,food security,and cultivation strategy of China,showing broad application prospects.
文摘Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment of nauplii to the water column population. The distribution and abundance of viable resting eggs of Acartia pacifica in the Xiamen Bay were determined by the presence of nauplii in the laboratory. The number of viable eggs var/ed temporally and spatially. The maximum number (9.2×10^4m^-2) of viable eggs was in summer. In spring the average abundance of viable eggs was 5.6×10^4 m^-2. The abundances of viable eggs in fall and winter were similar, respectively 2.7×10^4 and 3.3×10^4m^-2, which were the lowest in the year. The numbers of viable eggs inside the stations of the Xiamen Bay were higher than those outside the stations. The viable eggs were found at all depths (0-10 cm),although not in every station. The maximum number did not necessarily occur in the uppermost centimeter of the sediments but often occurred several centimeters below the water-sediment interface. The accumulation of viable eggs in the seabed of a subtropical bay constitutes a potential source of recruitment of nauplii into the pelagic population.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40506002 40076034) PRIC Innovation Foundation of Polar Science forYoung Scientists (No. JDQ200502)
文摘Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment ofnauplii to the water column population. The potential effects of two organochlorine pesticides, hexchloriobinzene （HCH） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDT）, on the recruitment of A ccu＇tla pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs in the seabed of Xiamen Bay were experimentally investigated. The abundance of A. pacifica nauplii hatched from the sediment significantly decreased with the increase of pesticide concentration. Trimmed Spearman-Karber analysis gave sediment 96-h LC50 values were 84.81 ng/g for HCH, and 157.94 ng/g for DDT. The median AI （Al50） was -0.77, which suggested that the combined effect of riCH and DDT showed a weak effect than individual effects. There was a positive relationship between mortality and exposure time in DDT treatment, while the relationship was not significant in HCH treatment. The results suggest that organochlorine pesticides can reduce recruitment of A. pacifica nauplii from benthic resting eggs to planktonic population.
