Danggui Shaoyao powder improves hepatic lipid metabolism in atherosclerosis mice via PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway regulation

Objective:To observe the effects of Danggui Shaoyao powder(DSP)on hepatic lipid metabolism and further explore its mechanism of action by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPARγ)-liver X receptor(LXRα)-adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)pathway regulation.Methods: Eight C57BL/6J male mice were selected as the control group,and 24 ApoE^(−/−)male mice were randomly divided into the atherosclerosis model(AS)group,atorvastatin calcium(AC)group,and DSP group(n=8 each group).To establish an AS model,ApoE^(−/−)mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks.Pathologic changes in the aortic vasculature and liver were identified using Oil Red O staining.Triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels were determined in the livers using a single-reagent GPO-PAP method.Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to observe and evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 intermediates in the liver.Results: After 16 weeks of a high-fat diet,ApoE^(−/−)mice showed more Oil Red O staining in the aorta and liver compared to the CONT group.Compared to the AS group,the DSP and AC treatment reduced aortic plaque and hepatic lipid deposition to varying degrees.Furthermore,DSP significantly reduced the hepatic lipid area in ApoE^(−/−)mice(P<.001)and decreased the levels of TG,TC,and LDL-C in liver(P<.001,P=.027,P<.001,respectively).DSP also significantly increased the levels of PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 mRNA expression,as well as the PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 protein expression in liver.Conclusion: DSP improved hepatic lipid metabolism via PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway modulation for AS treatment.

基于NGF/PI3K/TRPV1信号通路探究参苓白术散对腹泻型肠易激综合征小鼠的干预机制

目的研究基于神经生长因子/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1(NGF/PI3K/TRPV1)信号通路探究参苓白术散对腹泻型肠易激综合征小鼠的干预机制。方法选取40只SPF级SD雄性大鼠,其中空白组10只,模型组13只、研究1组7只、研究2组9只。对照组、模型组只进行生理盐水灌胃,不做其他任何处理。研究1组给予匹维溴铵片20mg/kg水溶液进行灌胃,研究2组给予参苓白术散4g/kg进行灌胃。评估Bristol评分情况;分析脾脏系数、胸腺系数情况;检测IgA、IgG、IgM、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达水平及NGF/PI3K/TRPV1蛋白表达情况。结果相比于空白组,模型组、研究1组、研究2组Bristol评分、脾脏系数、胸腺系数、IgA、IgG、IgM、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平及NGF、PI3K、TRPV1蛋白表达均上升(P<0.05);相比于模型组、研究1组,研究2组Bristol评分、脾脏系数、胸腺系数、IgA、IgG、IgM、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平及NGF、PI3K、TRPV1蛋白表达均下降(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散抑制NGF/PI3K/TRPV1通路,改善大鼠胃肠功能及大便状态,减轻炎症反应,提高免疫功能稳态情况,干预效果显著。

玉屏风散对肺癌细胞PD-L1表达及T细胞功能的影响

目的探讨玉屏风散对程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)-程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)结合及对肺癌细胞在体内外生长的影响。方法MTT法检测玉屏风散提取物对小鼠Lewis肺癌LLC细胞生长的影响;乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放实验检测玉屏风散提取物对T细胞和LCC细胞共培养中靶细胞杀伤性作用;酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)实验检测玉屏风散提取物对PD-1和PD-L1结合的阻断作用,以及对γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)释放水平的影响;同基因肿瘤模型分析玉屏风散对肺癌LLC细胞体内生长的抑制作用;免疫组化染色考察玉屏风散对肿瘤组织内CD4^(+)T细胞、CD8^(+)T细胞浸润的影响。结果玉屏风散呈剂量依赖性抑制LLC细胞的生长及内源性PD-L1蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01),竞争性阻断PD-1和PD-L1结合(P<0.05,P<0.01),促进T细胞IFN-γ和TNF-α的释放(P<0.05,P<0.01),阻断PD-L1对T细胞功能性抑制作用(P<0.05,P<0.01)。玉屏风散可以抑制LLC肿瘤生长(P<0.01),增加CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T细胞的浸润数量(P<0.01)。结论玉屏风散在体外细胞模型中可阻断PD-L1对T细胞功能的抑制作用,在同源小鼠肿瘤模型中具有抗肿瘤效果,可增强CD4^(+)T细胞、CD8^(+)T细胞对癌细胞的杀伤作用。

针刺联合参苓白术散调控Nrf2/HO-1通路对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠炎症及氧化应激反应的影响

目的观察针刺联合参苓白术散正调控核因子相关因子2(Nuclear factor erythroid 2related factor 2,Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶-1(Heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)通路对溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis,UC)大鼠炎症及氧化应激反应的影响。方法将60只SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠分为对照组10只和造模组50只,对照组不做特殊处理,造模组采用TNBS/乙醇灌肠法进行UC造模,造模成功后采用随机数字表法分为模型组、针刺组、参苓白术散组、联合组和西药组,每组各10只。治疗14 d后,评价疾病活动指数(Disease activity index,DAI)和结肠大体形态损伤指数(Colon macroscopic damage index,CMDI),检测肠黏膜组织中肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-18(Interleukin-18,IL-18)、活性氧簇(Reactive oxygen species,ROS)、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)的含量及Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平。结果模型组大鼠的DAI、CMDI、肠黏膜组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-18、ROS、MDA的含量高于对照组,肠黏膜组织中GSH-Px、SOD的含量及Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);针刺组、参苓白术散组、联合组和西药组大鼠的DAI、CMDI、肠黏膜组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-18、ROS、MDA的含量低于模型组,肠黏膜组织中GSH-Px、SOD的含量及Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且联合治疗组的上述改善较针刺组、参苓白术散组、西药组更为明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针刺联合参苓白术散改善UC大鼠的炎症及氧化应激,其作用机制可能与正调控Nrf2/HO-1通路有关。

美洲大蠊研粉干预脊髓半横断大鼠运动功能和自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达

背景:脊髓损伤有氧化应激、炎症、凋亡、自噬等机制参与其中,激活自噬可改善脊髓损伤后的神经运动功能,对脊髓起保护作用。目的:探讨美洲大蠊研粉对脊髓半横断损伤大鼠后肢运动功能和损伤区域自噬蛋白Beclin-1的影响。方法:取30只6-8周龄SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为3组,每组10只:假手术组仅打开椎板,暴露脊髓后缝合;生理盐水组与美洲大蠊组均建立左侧脊髓半横断损伤模型,术后第1天开始分别灌胃给予生理盐水与美洲大蠊研粉,连续给药14 d。术后6 h及1,3,7,14 d行BBB评分,观察后肢运动功能的情况;给药14 d后处死大鼠,采用免疫组化染色、Western Blot检测、免疫荧光染色检测脊髓半横断损伤区域自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达情况。结果与结论:①随着术后时间的延长,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组大鼠BBB评分逐渐升高;与假手术组比较,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组术后6 h及1,3,7,14 d的BBB评分均降低(P<0.05);美洲大蠊组术后7,14 d的BBB评分高于生理盐水组(P<0.05);②免疫组化染色显示,假手术组Beclin-1呈弱阳性表达,主要位于胞浆;生理盐水组Beclin-1主要位于胞浆,可见部分核膜表达;美洲大蠊组Beclin-1主要位于胞浆,可见部分核膜表达;生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组Beclin-1阳性细胞比例多于假手术组(P<0.05),美洲大蠊组Beclin-1阳性细胞比例多于生理盐水组(P<0.05);③Western Blot检测与免疫荧光染色显示,生理盐水组、美洲大蠊组Beclin-1蛋白表达高于假手术组(P<0.05),美洲大蠊组Beclin-1蛋白表达高于生理盐水组(P<0.05);④结果表明,美洲大蠊研粉能够改善脊髓半横断损伤大鼠的后肢运动功能,机制可能是美洲大蠊研粉中的多糖类物质增加了自噬蛋白Beclin-1的表达。

消风散结合复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏治疗PD-1/PD-L1相关性皮疹的临床效果

目的观察消风散结合复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏治疗程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)/程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)相关性皮疹的有效性。方法选取2023年1—9月江西省肿瘤医院收治的PD-1/PD-L1相关性皮疹患者42例,以随机数字表法分为激素类软膏组21例与消风散组21例。激素类软膏组给予复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏,消风散组在激素类软膏组基础上给予消风散内服加外用,2组均治疗2周。比较2组临床疗效,治疗前后皮疹严重程度分级、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)评分、中医证候积分。结果消风散组治疗总有效率为90.48%,高于激素类软膏组的57.14%(χ2=6.035,P=0.014)。治疗2周后,消风散组皮疹严重程度分级优于激素类软膏组(P<0.01);2组DLQI评分低于治疗前,且消风散组较激素类软膏组更低(P<0.01);2组皮损面积、瘙痒、疼痛积分低于治疗前,且消风散组较激素类软膏组更低(P<0.01)。结论PD-1/PD-L1相关性皮疹患者采用消风散结合复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏治疗能够增强疗效,有效减轻皮疹严重程度及临床症状,提高患者生活质量。

Efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder in treating viral pneumonia in children

BACKGROUND Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with communityacquired pneumonia.Further strategies to limit antibiotic use in children with viral pneumonia are warranted.AIM To explore clinical efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder for viral pneumonia in children and its impact on cellular immunity and inflammatory factor production.METHODS A total of 60 children with viral pneumonia were recruited:30 receiving budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder and 30 conventional symptomatic treatment.Outcome measures included peripheral blood levels of inflammatory cytokines,CD4^(+),CD8^(+),Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant reduction in interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after treatment.Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant increase in CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and Th1/Th2 levels,and a decrease in Th17/Treg levels after treatment.The total effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 93.75%and 85.00%,respectively,which was a significant difference(P=0.003).CONCLUSION Budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder significantly improved therapeutic efficacy for viral pneumonia in children.The mechanism of action may be related to downregulation of the inflammatory response and improved cellular immune function.

粉煤循环流化床锅炉0~1 mm制粉系统开发与热力计算方法

为实现粉煤循环流化床(powdered coal-circulating fluidized bed,PC-CFB)的0~1 mm给煤,借鉴传统煤粉锅炉制粉系统的设计及计算经验,开发PC-CFB锅炉0~1 mm制粉系统,其特征为采用中速磨煤机制备粉煤,利用气固分配器分离制粉乏气与粉煤的混合物,并设置备用系统以保证系统发生故障时的正常燃料供应。提出0~1 mm制粉系统的热力计算模型,确定磨煤机通风量、干燥剂配比以及干燥剂温度等关键技术指标,预测制粉系统干燥出力,并分析PC-CFB锅炉0~1 mm制粉系统的性能变化规律。研究结果表明:保持磨煤机出力、热风温度不变,在系统允许的范围内降低磨煤机出口温度,有利于降低干燥剂量,提升干燥出力;磨煤机出口温度每降低1℃,制粉系统所需的干燥剂量减少约523 m3/h,干燥出力增加约0.4 t/h。

Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(银杏蜜环口服溶液) attenuates inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in post stroke depression

OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃emic cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases.Recently,it is reported that YXMH has the potential for treating myocardial and cerebral ischemia related mental disorders,such as post stroke depression(PSD)and chronic heart disease(CHD)associated anxiety disorder.However,its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.Meanwhile,increasing evidence revealed that there are close functional links between depression and habenular nucleus.The present study investigates the underlying mechanism of YXMH on attenuating the inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in in a rat model of PSD.METHODS Rats were randomly devided into sham group,model group,Ginaton group(18 mg·kg^-1),Armillariella Mellea group(600 mg·kg-1),Fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg^-1),YXMH high-dose group(618 mg·kg^-1)and YXMH low-dose group(309 mg·kg^-1).The PSD model was induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation(2-Chloro-D-phenylalanine,PCPA,IH,200 mg·kg^-1,for 3 times,before the behavior test)in SD male rats.Then rats were treated with corresponding medicaments through gavage once a day until 3 weeks later,followed by body mass measurement,neurological deficit score evaluation,gripping strength and thermal withdrawl latency measurement,as well as depression related behavioral indicators,the open field test(OFT)and sucrose preference test.The pathological morphological changes of habenular nucleus was observed by HE staining,the expression of IBA-1 was measured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining,and alterations of proteins and genes related to the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis were analyzed using Western blotting(CX3CL1,CX3CR1)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(CX3CL1,CX3CR1).RESULTS Compared with the sham group,rats in the model group manifested as decreased body mass,deficient neurological behavior and gripping strength,reduced loco⁃motor activity and sugar water consumption,as well as elevated thermal withdrawl latency(P<0.05,P<0.01).Mean⁃while,the pathological morphology of the habenular nucleus on the ischemic hemisphere showed significant neuronal degeneration,microglial proliferation,inflammatory cells and glia cells infiltration,together with up-regualted expression of IBA-1,CX3CL1,CX3CR1 protein and CX3CL1,CX3CR1 mRNA.YXMH attenuated inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through improving pathological morphology,inhibiting IBA-1 activation,down-regulating the expres⁃sion of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins and genes,and thus improved the behavior performance of ischemic injury and depression.CONCLUSION YXMH ameliorates neurological deficit and depressive behavior in rat model of PSD induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism is probably related to attenu⁃ating inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis.

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS A, D_3, E AND K_1 IN FORTIFIED MILK POWDERS BY HPLC

A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four fat soluble vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol(vitamin D), tocopherol(vitamin E) and phylloquinone(vitamin K_1) in fortified milk powders and egg yolk has been developed. The method requires enzymatic hydrolysis of lipid component of the sample as a pretreatment. Several factors which influence the enzymatic hydrolysis were studied-Separation was achieved using μ-Bondapak C-18 column(3.9×300mm), 98% methanol as mobile phase, a double channel detection was selected; vitamins D_3 E_1 K_1 were detected by UV spectrophotometry (265 nm) first, then vitamin A by fluorometry (EX 325nm, EM 480mm). The retention times of vitamin A_1 D_3, E and K_1 4.87, 9.00, 10.58 and 15.45 min respectively. Detection limit were 0.64, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.07 ng; and the recoveries were 90.5%～103.6% 90.0%～95.6%, 91.7%～98.8%, 91.5%～98.6%, respectively. The vitamins A, D_0, E, K_1 contents in foods were determined satisfactorily.

Molten Salt Synthesis of Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3 Powder

The single-phase Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(BMN) powder was successfully prepared by the KCl molten salt synthesis(MSS) method.The temperature for single-phase BMN powders by MSS was about 400℃ lower than that by the solid-phase method.The average particle size(APS) was about 0.91μm at 900℃ and increased with increasing synthesis temperature.Based on the APS,the activation energy for particle growth in the MSS,whose value was 64.1kJmol^(-1),was attained.The sinterability of the powder prepared by MSS method was better than that prepared by solid-phase method.

Hupo powder promotes autophagy of menstrual blood-derived stem cells from patients with endometriosis

Objective:To explore the effect of Hupo powder(HP)on autophagy in menstrual blood-derived stem cells(MenSCs)with endometriosis(EMT).Methods:EMT MenSCs(E-MenSCs)and healthy MenSCs(H-MenSCs)were isolated from the menstrual blood of patients with EMT and healthy female participants,respectively.We identified their stem cells’characteristics via adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.Twelve male SpragueeDawley rats received 0.9% NaCl and HP-dispensing granules by gastric irrigation to prepare blank serum and medicated serum,respectively.We used serum concentrations of 5%,10%,and 20%,each at administered times of 12,24,and 48 h to select the best condition.These cells were divided into three groups:blank serum of the control group,blank serum of the model group,and medicated serum of the HP group.H-MenSCs were used in the control group,while E-MenSCs were used in the model and HP groups.We analyzed cell viability using a cell counting kit-8 assay,observed cell morphology,evaluated the amounts of auto-phagosomes and autolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy,and detected the protein expression of autophagy markers(LC3-II and Beclin1)by Western blot.Results:E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs became long fusiform with a diffuse radial pattern,forming lipid droplets and calcium nodules after adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.We then used the best conditiond 20% serum and 48 hdfor the subsequent experiments.In contrast to the model group,the HP group exhibited lower cell viability(=0.007),larger amounts of autophagosomes and autolysosomes(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),and higher expression of LC3-II and Beclin1(P=0.021 and P=0.019,respectively).Conclusion:Hupo powder can promote autophagy in E-MenSCs,which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects.

公牛链霉菌JPD-1可湿性粉剂的研制及对苹果斑点落叶病的防效

以公牛链霉菌Streptomyces tauricus JPD-1为研究对象,苹果斑点落叶病菌Alternaria alternate f.sp.mali作为靶标菌,采用混料设计试验对载体、分散剂、湿润剂、紫色保护剂进行筛选,确定了公牛链霉菌JPD-1可湿性粉剂的最佳配方:载体为硅藻土,母粉89%,分散剂羧甲基纤维素钠4%,润湿剂十二烷基磺酸钠6%,紫外保护剂羧甲基纤维素钠1%。按照此配方研制出了白色粉末状的公牛链霉菌JPD-1可湿性粉剂。质量标准测定和室内防效试验结果表明,该可湿性粉剂孢子含量为2.18×10^(8)cfu/g,杂菌率2.45%,pH 5.8,细度91.95%,干燥减量4.81%,润湿时间15.4 s,悬浮率79.67%,在25℃室温下贮藏100 d芽胞存活率为70.15%;4℃条件下贮藏100d芽胞存活率为80.41%;其对斑点落叶病菌孢子萌发的最小抑菌浓度在25~50 mg/mL,对苹果斑点落叶病的防治效果84.42%,结果表明公牛链霉菌JPD-1可湿性粉剂是一种具有较好生物防治潜力的生防制剂。

Concentration effect of the near-infrared quantum cutting of 1788-nm luminescence of Tm^(3+) ion in(Y_(1-x)Tm_x)_3Al_5O_(12) powder phosphor

In the present paper, the concentration effect of near-infrared quantum cutting of Tm3＋ ion in （Y1-xTmx）3Al5Ol2 powder phosphor is studied by means of experiments and calculations. In addition, the absorption spectra, visible-to-near- infrared excitation and emission spectra, and fluorescence lifetimes are measured. It is found that （Y1-xTmx）3Al5O12 powder phosphor has a strong four-photon near-infrared quantum cutting luminescence of 1788.0-nm 3F4 →3H6 fluores- cence of Tm3＋ ion, when excited by 357.0-nm light. It is also found that the up-limit of the four-photon near-infrared quantum cutting luminescence efficiency of （Yo.700Tmo.300）3Al5 O12 powder phosphor is approximately 302.19%. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first time that a near-infrared quantum cutting efficiency up-limit exceeding 300% has been reported. The results of this manuscript are valuable in aiding the probing of the new generation Ge solar cell.

Combustion Synthesis of C/MgAl_(2)O_(4)Composite Powders and Their Microstructure Evolution

This work aims at solving the problems of difficult dispersion,easy oxidation and high cost of nano carbon during application,carbon/magnesium aluminate spinel(C/MgAl_(2)O_(4))composite powders were prepared using MgC2O4·2H2O,MgO2,Al2O3 powder,and Al powder as raw materials by combustion synthesis.The results indicate that with the maximum MgC2O4·2H2O addition of 33.34 mass%,the prepared powder contains 1.17 mass%of carbon and carbon distributes among spinel grains.The MgAl_(2)O_(4)spinel shows both granular and rod-like morphologies.The granular MgAl_(2)O_(4)spinel is generated from mutual diffusion between MgO and Al2O3;while the rod-like MgAl_(2)O_(4)spinel is mainly formed by the vapor-solid growth mechanism from Mg vapor and Al2O3.

当归芍药散通过调节Sirt1/NF-κB信号通路改善高脂饮食诱导大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝炎症反应

目的:研究当归芍药散治疗高脂饮食(high-fat diet,HFD)诱导的大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)炎症反应的作用机制。方法:将大鼠随机分为5组:正常组、HFD组、阿伐他丁组、当归芍药散低剂量组、当归芍药散高剂量组。大鼠给予高脂肪饲料(59.3%脂肪饲料)6周,正常组大鼠同时给予正常饲料。从第5周开始,阿伐他丁组大鼠灌胃给予25 mg/kg阿伐他丁2周,当归芍药散低剂量组大鼠灌胃给予12.9 g/kg当归芍药散2周,当归芍药散高剂量组大鼠灌胃给予25.8 g/kg当归芍药散2周,检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、胆固醇(cholesterol,TC)、血清细胞因子水平。同时检测大鼠肝脏沉默信息调节因子1(sirtuin 1,Sirt1)/核转录因子-κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)信号通路蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,当归芍药散能显著降低血清ALT、AST、TG、TC、血清细胞因子水平,改善肝脏组织病理学改变。此外,显著增加大鼠肝脏Sirt1表达,抑制肝脏NF-κB蛋白表达。结论:当归芍药散通过Sirt1/NF-κB通路治疗HFD大鼠NAFLD。

玉屏风散对肺气虚证大鼠JAK1/STAT3通路及炎性反应的影响及相关机制研究

目的观察玉屏风散对肺气虚模型大鼠Janus激酶1/信号转导及转录活化因子3(janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,JAK1/STAT3)信号通路及其上下游炎性因子的影响,探讨玉屏风散改善肺气虚证的作用机制。方法60只Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组,阳性对照组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余各组大鼠均采用烟熏加脂多糖气管滴入方法建立肺气虚模型,造模开始灌胃给药,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组分别予玉屏风散汤液[浓度分别为24、12、6 g/(kg·d)],阳性对照组予地塞米松[0.2 mg/(kg/d)],空白组、模型组给予等体积0.9%生理盐水,连续给药30 d。观察治疗前后各组大鼠症状和体征,肺组织形态学,血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)含量和肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、磷酸化信号转导及转录活化因子3(phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,p-STAT3)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloprotein-9,MMP-9)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1,TIMP1)蛋白水平的变化。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态严重,血清细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8显著升高(P<0.01);模型组肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(Integrated Optical Density,IOD)(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。药物治疗后,与模型组比较,玉屏风高剂量组和阳性对照组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态明显减轻,血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8明显降低(P<0.01),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(P<0.01或P<0.05)和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风中剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态减轻,血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值明显降低(P<0.01),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风低剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态有所减轻,肺组织中STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达升高(P<0.01)。总体上玉屏风散高剂量组疗效优于玉屏风散中剂量组和玉屏风散低剂量组,并与阳性对照组疗效持平。结论玉屏风散通过降低TNF-α、IL-6水平来调控JAK1/STAT3的信号转导,从而减少IL-8的产生,纠正MMP-9/TIMP-1平衡状态,达到抑制气道炎症反应和气道重塑的目的,从而改善肺气虚证的症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态。

季也蒙毕赤酵母MCJ-1培养条件优化及其冻干菌粉的制备

康普茶是一种酸甜味发酵饮料,由酵母、糖和发酵茶制成。该研究以从康普茶混菌体系中筛选获得的季也蒙毕赤酵母(Pichia guilliermondii)MCJ-1为研究对象,采用单因素试验及响应面法优化菌株MCJ-1的培养条件,并制备其冻干菌粉。结果表明,菌株MCJ-1的最佳培养条件为:蔗糖25.00 g/L,氯化铵7.7 g/L,蛋白胨10.00 g/L,酵母浸粉5.00 g/L,培养温度30℃,初始pH值为6,转速200 r/min。在此优化培养条件下,菌体干质量为(5.06±0.22)mg/mL,比优化前提高了64.82%。菌粉制备中菌泥与保护剂的比例为1:1,保护剂甘油添加量为4.0%,可以获得存活率达(80.83±5.36)%的冻干菌粉。

1∶12型稀土铁基永磁材料研究进展

作为下一代稀土永磁的候选材料,1:12型稀土铁基永磁合金(RFe_(12),R=Sm,Nd)具有高内禀磁性、优异的温度稳定性及较少的稀土含量,目前受到了广泛的关注。综述了1:12型稀土铁基永磁材料最新的研究进展,详细介绍了1:12相的晶体结构及多原子取代体系的内禀磁性及技术磁性,总结了不同类型的1:12型稀土铁基永磁材料研制的技术特点及成果,并提出了后续研究中需解决的关键问题及研究方向。

柴胡疏肝散对糖尿病周围神经病变大鼠瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1/降钙素基因相关肽通路及坐骨神经电生理变化的影响

目的探究柴胡疏肝散对糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)大鼠瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1(TRPV1)/降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)通路及坐骨神经电生理变化的影响。方法2019年12月至2020年9月,从北京生命科学研究所动物实验中心购入SD大鼠,采用高脂饲料+小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射法建立DPN大鼠模型,分为对照组、模型组、弥可保组(175μg/kg)、低中高剂量柴胡疏肝散(3.15、6.30、12.60 g/kg),每组5只,造模成功后,连续给药8周。8周末检测各组大鼠摆尾温度阈值,肌电图仪检测大鼠运动神经传导速度(MNCV)及其支配肌复合运动动作电位的波幅(AMP)、潜伏期(LAT)的变化。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测血清TRPV1、CGRP、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA的水平;苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察坐骨神经组织病理变化;蛋白质印迹法检测坐骨神经组织中TRPV1、CGRP、TNF-α、IL-1β蛋白水平。结果与对照组[(33.15±1.28)s、(1.37±0.06)ms、(41.48±5.36)m/s、(12.32±1.55)mV]相比,模型组大鼠坐骨神经周围观察到大量浸润性巨噬细胞和单核细胞,并伴有广泛的轴突脱髓鞘,摆尾温度阈值(48.67±2.65)s、LAT(3.68±0.18)ms升高,MNCV(30.26±3.65)m/s、AMP(4.58±0.26)mV降低,血清及坐骨神经中TRPV1、CGRP、TNF-α、IL-1βmRNA或蛋白水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,弥可保组、低中高剂量柴胡疏肝散组单核细胞浸润减少,脱髓鞘程度减轻,摆尾温度阈值[(37.75±1.45)s、(45.61±2.38)s、(41.74±1.68)s、(38.21±1.36)s]、LAT[(1.62±0.08)ms、(2.92±0.12)ms、(2.03±0.09)ms、(1.69±0.08)ms]降低,MNCV[(38.56±4.85)m/s、(33.63±3.21)m/s、(35.42±3.35)m/s、(38.57±4.14)m/s]、AMP[(11.95±1.02)mV、(7.61±0.75)mV、(9.35±0.92)mV、(11.89±1.03)mV]升高,血清及坐骨神经中TRPV1、CGRP、TNF-α、IL-1βmRNA或蛋白水平降低(P<0.05)。结论柴胡疏肝散可能通过抑制TRPV1/CGRP通路表达,减轻大鼠坐骨神经损伤,达到保护周围神经的作用,可能作为DPN潜在的治疗药物。