手术方式对T_(2a)N_(0)M_(0)肌层浸润性膀胱移行细胞癌患者生存率的影响

目的探讨经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBT)与根治性膀胱切除术(RC)对T_(2a)N_(0)M_(0)肌层浸润性膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)患者生存率影响。方法通过SEER*Stat软件,从美国国立癌症研究所(SEER)数据库中获取了2010至2015年诊断为T_(2a)N_(0)M_(0)肌层浸润性BTCC患者的临床及预后资料。根据患者接受的手术类型进行分组(TURBT或RC),并采用1∶1倾向性得分匹配(PSM)法来平衡两组患者基线资料的差异。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,并采用Log-rank检验比较两组患者总体生存率(OS)和癌症特异性生存率(CSS)。采用单因素及多因素Cox回归分析,评估了患者CSS的独立危险因素。结果纳入1032例患者资料,匹配后,TURBT组和RC组各有270例患者资料。Log-rank检验结果显示,TURBT组与RC组患者的OS、CSS差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且RC组患者OS和CSS均更高。多因素Cox回归结果显示,手术方式选择TURBT、患者年龄超过60岁、未婚状态以及肿瘤直径大于5.0 cm都是影响T_(2a)N_(0)M_(0)肌层浸润性膀胱移行细胞癌患者CSS的独立危险因素。选择RC作为手术方式是患者预后的保护性因素(HR=0.387,95%CI:0.282~0.532,P<0.001)。结论对于T_(2a)N_(0)M_(0)肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者,根治性膀胱切除术能带来更高生存率,是一种更为有效的治疗选择。

GBAVTII探测西安上空夜气辉反演O_(2)(0-1)柱浓度及其波动的研究

探测高层大气的粒子浓度具有重要的科学意义.本文利用安装在中国西安城区(海拔457m, 34.23°N,109.01°E)的自制地基气辉成像干涉仪GBAVTII(Ground-based atmosphere VER&temperature imaging interferometer)对峰值高度在94 km处的867.7 nm O_(2)(0-1)夜气辉长期定点观测,反演得到O_(2)(0-1)的柱浓度,并根据大气温度及O_(2)(0-1)粒子柱浓度的扰动提取得到大气重力波、行星波周期.本文首先阐述了地基GBAVTII探测气辉的原理,并从气辉辐射理论及地基探测模式导出气辉强度表达式,建立地基仪器探测得到的气辉的积分体发射率IER(Integrated Emission Rate)与大气中O_(2)(0-1)柱浓度的关系,然后利用2019年以来的多日观测数据,得到西安地区上空O_(2)(0-1)粒子的柱浓度量级为10~4cm^(-2);经对比发现2020年9月17日GBAVTII探测O_(2)(0-1)柱浓度结果与NRLMSISE-00模型数据的相对误差在0.5%~30%.我们从GBAVTII整夜拍摄气辉成像干涉图中反演出西安上空90~100 km的大气温度和O_(2)(0-1)柱浓度及扰动特征,得到周期在8~10 h左右的潮汐波,去掉潮汐趋势的温度和柱浓度残差序列,利用小波分析提取得到周期为2.3 h的重力波.最后我们利用2022年4月21日—2022年5月6日期间的O_(2)(0-1)柱浓度探测序列得到日平均柱浓度并提取准2日的行星波周期.GBAVTII所探测得到大气波动的周期尺度与其他已有中纬度地区的探测结果相吻合.

(100)应变对立方相Ca_2P_(0.25)Si_(0.75)光电特性的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论（DFT）的第一性原理赝势平面波方法对（100）应变下立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的能带结构及光学性质进行了模拟计算。计算结果表明：在90%~100%的压应变范围,立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的带隙随着压应变增加逐渐减小;在100%~102%张应变范围,带隙随着张应变增加逐渐增大,张应变为102%时,带隙达到最大,Eg=0.513 9 eV;当张应变大于102%,立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75转化为间接带隙半导体。在102%~120%应变范围,带隙随着应变增大而减小。当施加应变后立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的光学性质发生显著变化：增加压应变,立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的介电常数、折射率及吸收系数逐渐增加;增加张应变,反射率增加。因此,采用（100）应变可调制立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的能带结构和光学常数,是一种有效调节其光电传输性能的手段。

聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳直接化学发光成像法分离和检测血液红细胞中的HbA_0,HbA_1,HbA_2和HbF

建立了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳直接化学发光成像分离和检测蛋白质的新方法 .应用本方法分离和检测了新生儿脐带血和正常成年人血液红细胞中的不同血红蛋白HbA0 ,HbA1,HbA2 和HbF ,并与传统的考马斯亮兰染色法进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,本方法灵敏度高、背景低 ,步骤简单、快速 ,可以在 10min内得到检测结果 .此外 ,我们还以血红蛋白作为探针 ,检测了人血清蛋白 ,研究了人血清白蛋白对血红蛋白电泳结果的影响 ,并优化了发光成像的各种条件 .

Fabrication of AA2024−TiO2 nanocomposites through stir casting process

Given the nonuse of TiO2 nanoparticles as the reinforcement of AA2024 alloy in fabricating composites by ex-situ casting methods,it was decided to process the AA2024−xTiO2(np)(x=0,0.5 and 1 vol.%)nanocomposites by employing the stir casting method.The structural properties of the produced samples were then investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy;their mechanical properties were also addressed by hardness and tensile tests.The results showed that adding 1 vol.%TiO2 nanoparticles reduced the grain size and dendrite arm spacing by about 66%and 31%,respectively.Also,hardness,ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation of AA2024−1vol.%TiO2(np)composite were increased by about 25%,28%,4%and 163%,respectively,as compared to those of the monolithic component.The agglomerations of nanoparticles in the structure of nanocomposites were found to be a factor weakening the strength against the strengthening mechanisms.Some agglomerations of nanoparticles in the matrix were detected on the fractured surfaces of the tension test specimens.

Synthesis and Photoluminescence of BaMgAl_(10)O_(17)∶Eu^(2+) Phosphor by Oxalate Co-precipitation Process

Single phase of Ba1-x MgAl10O17 ： x Eu^2＋ （0.02≤ x ≤ 0. 14） phosphors was first successfully prepared by coprecipitation in aqueous medium with a “reverse strike” method, using oxalic acid and ammonia together as precipitants. Completely crystallized phosphors were obtained at 1300 ℃, which is 300 ℃ lower than the temperature of solid-state reaction. Their photoluminescence was investigated under UV and VUV region, respectively. The emission spectra of Ba1-x MgAl10O17：xEu^2＋ samples excited by 254 or 147 nm showed a characteristic wide band with the peak centred at about 450 454 nm. Optimum emission intensity reached at x = 0.1 and then concentration quenching occurred. The synthesized phosphor shows 10% higher emission intensity than that prepared by solid-state reaction.

Crystallization management of CsPbI_(2)Br perovskites by PbAc_(2)-incorporated twice spin-coating process for efficient and stable CsPbI_(2)Br perovskite solar cells

CsPbI_(2)Br perovskite solar cell has been extensively studied due to its exceptional thermal stability and relatively stable perovskite phase structure.However,the presence of bromine leads to a rapid crystallization rate of CsPbI_(2)Br films,resulting in small grain size and high defect density.Additionally,CsPbI_(2)Br demonstrates poor light absorption due to its wide bandgap.Therefore,it is crucial to control the crystallization rate and increase the film thickness to reduce defect density,enhance light absorption,and improve photovoltaic performance.In this study,we utilized a PbAc_(2)-incorporated twice spincoating(PTS) process to address these issues.Initially,PbAc_(2) was added to the CsPbI_(2)Br precursor solution to form a CsPbI_(2)Br film,which was then coated with the CsPbI_(2)Br precursor solution to produce the PTS film,Ac^(-)can delay the perovskite crystallization,leading to the formation of thicker and denser CsPbI_(2)Br films.Moreover,lone-pair electrons of the oxygen atom provided by Ac^(-)formed coordination bonds with under-coordinated Pb~(2+) ions to fill halogen ion vacancies,thereby reducing the defect density.Ultimately,the PTS CsPbI_(2)Br device achieved a peak power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 16.19% and maintained 96.7% of its initial PCE over 1500 h at room temperature under 25% relative humidity without any encapsulation.

EVOLUTION OF MICROSTRUCTURES AND HARDNESS DURING CONTINUOUS THERMO-MECHANICAL PROCESSING OF 6201 ALUMINUM ALLOY

Continuous thermo-mechanical processing (CTMP) of 6201 aluminum alloy was simulated on Gleeble-1500. The deformed specimens were analyzed by the observation of TEM and the measurement of hardness. It was shown that rapid solid solution and aging treatment can be effectively combined in one procedure by the strain induced during CTMP. The deformation temperature is ranging from 540* C to 300* C, the hardness increases directly before the 6th pass followed by a slight drop, the amount of precipitates increases with the holding time after deformation. Uniformly distributed and stabilized Mg2Si precipitates, as well as dislocation substructure can be observed on deformed specimens which have been subsequently held at 300℃ for 60 seconds.

Enhancing performance of low-temperature processed CsPbI2Br all-inorganic perovskite solar cells using polyethylene oxide-modified TiO_(2)

CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state density and serious charge recombination between low-temperature processed TiO_(2)film and inorganic perovskite layer interface seriously restrict the performance of all-inorganic PSCs.Here a thin polyethylene oxide(PEO)layer is employed to modify TiO_(2)film to passivate traps and promote carrier collection.The impacts of PEO layer on microstructure and photoelectric characteristics of TiO_(2)film and related devices are systematically studied.Characterization results suggest that PEO modification can reduce the surface roughness of TiO_(2)film,decrease its average surface potential,and passivate trap states.At optimal conditions,the champion efficiency of CsPbI_(2)Br PSCs with PEO-modified TiO_(2)(PEO-PSCs)has been improved to 11.24%from 9.03%of reference PSCs.Moreover,the hysteresis behavior and charge recombination have been suppressed in PEO-PSCs.

Comparative study on high temperature deformation behavior and processing maps of Mg-4Zn-1RE-0.5Zr alloy with and without in-situ sub-micron sized TiB2 reinforcement

Mg-4Zn-1RE-0.5Zr (ZE41) Mg alloy is extensively used in the aerospace and automobile industries.In order to improve the applicability and performance,this alloy was engineered with in-situ Ti B2reinforcement to form Ti B2/ZE41 composite.The high temperature deformation behavior and manufacturability of the newly developed Ti B2/ZE41 composite and the parent ZE41 Mg alloy were studied via establishing constitutive modeling of flow stress,deformation activation energy and processing map over a temperature range of 250℃-450℃ and strain rate range of 0.001 s-1-10 s-1.The predicted flow stress behavior of both materials were found to be well consistent with the experimental values.A significant improvement in activation energy was found in Ti B2/ZE41 composite (171.54 k J/mol) as compared to the ZE41 alloy (148.15 k J/mol) due to the dispersed strengthening of in-situ Ti B2particles.The processing maps were developed via dynamic material modeling.A wider workability domain and higher peak efficiency (45%) were observed in Ti B2/ZE41 composite as compared to ZE41 alloy (41%).The Dynamic recrystallization is found to be the dominating deformation mechanism for both materials;however,particle stimulated nucleation was found to be an additional mode of deformation in Ti B2/ZE41 composite.The twinning and stress induced cracks were observed in both the materials at low temperature and high strain rate.A narrow range of instability zone is found in the present Ti B2/ZE41 composite among the existing published literature on Mg based composites.The detailed microstructural characterization was carried out in both workability and instability domains to establish the governing deformation mechanisms.

Application of Feature, Event, and Process Methods to Leakage Scenario Development for Offshore CO_(2) Geological Storage

Offshore carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) geological storage(OCGS) represents a significant strategy for addressing climate change by curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Nonetheless, the risk of CO_(2) leakage poses a substantial concern associated with this technology. This study introduces an innovative approach for establishing OCGS leakage scenarios, involving four pivotal stages, namely, interactive matrix establishment, risk matrix evaluation, cause–effect analysis, and scenario development, which has been implemented in the Pearl River Estuary Basin in China. The initial phase encompassed the establishment of an interaction matrix for OCGS systems based on features, events, and processes. Subsequent risk matrix evaluation and cause–effect analysis identified key system components, specifically CO_(2) injection and faults/features. Building upon this analysis, two leakage risk scenarios were successfully developed, accompanied by the corresponding mitigation measures. In addition, this study introduces the application of scenario development to risk assessment, including scenario numerical simulation and quantitative assessment. Overall, this research positively contributes to the sustainable development and safe operation of OCGS projects and holds potential for further refinement and broader application to diverse geographical environments and project requirements. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the establishment of OCGS leakage scenarios and demonstrates their practical application to risk assessment, laying the foundation for promoting the sustainable development and safe operation of ocean CO_(2) geological storage projects while proposing possibilities for future improvements and broader applications to different contexts.

Thermodynamic analysis of Li-Ni-Co-Mn-H2O system and synthesis of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 composite oxide via aqueous process

The constructed potential-pH diagrams of Li-Ni(Co,Mn)-H2O system indicate that the LiNiO2,LiCoO2 and LiMnO2 are thermodynamically stable in aqueous solution within the temperature range of 25-200°C and the activity range of 0.01-1.00.A predominant co-region of LiNiO2,LiCoO2 and LiMnO2 oxides(Li-Ni-Co-Mncomposite oxide)is found in the Li-Ni-Co-Mn-H2O potential-pH diagrams,in which the co-precipitation region expands towards lower pH with rising temperature,indicating the enhanced possibility of synthesizing Li-Ni-Co-Mn composite oxide in aqueous solution.The experimental results prove that it is feasible to prepare the LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials(NCM523)by an aqueous routine.The as-prepared lithiated precursor and NCM523 both inherit the spherical morphology of the hydroxide precursor and the obtained NCM523 has a hexagonalα-NaFeO2 structure with good crystallinity.It is reasonable to conclude that the aqueous routine for preparing NCM cathode materials is a promising method with the guidance of the reliable potential-pH diagrams to some extent.

Study on the Interactivity of Controlled and Automatic Information Processing in L2 Reading

L2 reading is not only an important channel for people to obtain information and knowledge,but also the main way for people to learn a foreign language.Reading information processing can be divided into controlled processing and automatic processing.Controlled information processing is a conscious and resource-intensive processing model,while automatic information processing is an unconscious and automatic processing model.This study investigates the characteristics and interactivity of controlled and automatic information processing in L2 reading,and explores the roles of controlled and automatic information processing strategies in improving L2 reading ability.The findings are as follows:(a)controlled and automatic information processing is interactive in L2 reading;and(b)the uses of controlled and automatic information processing strategies are beneficial to the improvement of the reading ability of L2 learners.This study has important theoretical and practical value in improving the efficiency of L2 reading teaching and learning.

Analysis of the Effect and Influencing Factors of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Based on A^(2)O-MBBR Integrated Process

[Objectives] This study was conducted to solve the prominent problems in the treatment of domestic sewage in southern rural areas of China. [Methods] An integrated process treatment mode of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (A 2O-MBBR) was proposed to analyze and study its operating effect and influencing factors. [Results] The A^(2)O-MBBR mode had good COD removal efficiency and nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance, and the water quality index of the effluent met the Class A standard of GB181918-2002. This mode is suitable for treating rural domestic sewage, and has high treatment effects in different operating periods. In spring, the average removal rates of COD, NH_(4)^(+)-N, TN, TP and SS reached (83.53 ± 2.15)%, (89.44 ± 4.97)%, (67.36±18.53)%, (88.22±11.21)% and (91.73±2.25)%, respectively;In the autumn period, the average removal rates of COD, NH_(4)^(+)-N, TN, TP and SS were (83.49±2.64)%, (89.26±9.19)%, (66.05±17.00)%, (87.48±9.68)%, and (91.13±2.35)%. [Conclusions] This study provides theoretical reference and technical support for the popularization and application of A^(2)O-MBBR integrated process.

Image Dehazing with Hybrid λ2-λ0 Penalty Mode

Due to the presence of turbid media, such as microdust and water vapor in the environment, outdoor pictures taken under hazy weather circumstances are typically degraded. To enhance the quality of such images, this work proposes a new hybrid λ2-λ0 penalty model for image dehazing. This model performs a weighted fusion of two distinct transmission maps, generated by imposing λ2 and λ0 norm penalties on the approximate regression coefficients of the transmission map. This approach effectively balances the sparsity and smoothness associated with the λ0 and λ2 norms, thereby optimizing the transmittance map. Specifically, when the λ2 norm is penalized in the model, an updated guided image is obtained after implementing λ0 penalty. The resulting optimization problem is effectively solved using the least square method and the alternating direction algorithm. The dehazing framework combines the advantages of λ2 and λ0 norms, enhancing sparse and smoothness, resulting in higher quality images with clearer details and preserved edges.

Fe^0/Na_2S_2O_8体系处理农村生活污水相关参数优化及水质特性分析

采用Fe^0催化活化Na_2S_2O_8生成SO4-·处理农村生活污水,研究了Fe^0/Na_2S_2O_8体系对生活污水的处理效果,系统考察了氧化体系初始p H值、Na_2S_2O_8、催化剂Fe^0的投加量以及反应温度对氧化效果的影响。结果表明,Fe^0/Na_2S_2O_8体系能有效的降解农村生活污水中的COD值与氨氮指标,当水体p H为中性、氧化剂投加量为2.5 g/L、温度为45℃时、催化剂Fe^0投加量0.5 g/L的条件下,COD与氨氮的去除率分别为78%与56%。同时对处理前后农村生活污水进行紫外光谱扫描,结果发现经过Fe^0/Na_2S_2O_8体系处理后的农村生活污水中的分子量大的腐殖质物质被降解为分子量小的富里酸,同样污水有机污染程度大幅下降。

基于生物信息学分析ATP6V0D2在肝细胞癌中的表达和预后价值

目的 基于生物信息学分析ATP6V0D2在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达,以及与预后的关系。方法 采用GEPIA及UALCAN数据库对ATP6V0D2进行分析,比较HCC组织与正常组织中ATP6V0D2的表达差异及与患者预后的关系。结果 与正常组织相比,ATP6V0D2在HCC中高表达;高表达ATP6V0D2基因患者生存期低于低表达ATP6V0D2基因患者;不同临床分期患者ATP6V0D2基因表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ATP6V0D2表达水平与甲胎蛋白(AFP)表达水平呈正相关(P <0.05)。结论 ATP6V0D2可能成为HCC新的治疗靶点及HCC诊断与预后的重要指标。

CHCHD2 Thr61Ile mutation impairs F1F0-ATPase assembly in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant pathological alte ration that occurs in Parkinson's disease(PD),and the Thr61lle(T61I)mutation in coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain containing 2(CHCHD2),a crucial mitochondrial protein,has been reported to cause Parkinson's disease.FIFO-ATPase participates in the synthesis of cellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and plays a central role in mitochondrial energy metabolism.However,the specific roles of wild-type(WT)CHCHD2 and T611-mutant CHCHD2 in regulating F1FO-ATPase activity in Parkinson's disease,as well as whether CHCHD2 or CHCHD2 T61I affects mitochondrial function through regulating F1FO-ATPase activity,remain unclea r.Therefore,in this study,we expressed WT CHCHD2 and T61l-mutant CHCHD2 in an MPP^(+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of PD.We found that CHCHD2 protected mitochondria from developing MPP^(+)-induced dysfunction.Under normal conditions,ove rexpression of WT CHCHD2 promoted F1FO-ATPase assembly,while T61I-mutant CHCHD2 appeared to have lost the ability to regulate F1FO-ATPase assembly.In addition,mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation showed that there was an interaction between CHCHD2 and F1FO-ATPase.Three weeks after transfection with AAV-CHCHD2 T61I,we intraperitoneally injected 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into mice to establish an animal model of chronic Parkinson's disease and found that exogenous expression of the mutant protein worsened the behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration seen in this model.These findings suggest that WT CHCHD2 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction in PD by maintaining F1F0-ATPase structure and function.

Microstructure and wear performance of Al5083/CeO_2/SiC mono and hybrid surface composites fabricated by friction stir processing

Friction stir processing（FSP） was utilized to produce surface composites by incorporating nano-sized cerium oxide（CeO2） and silicon carbide（SiC） particles individually and in combined form into the Al5083 alloy matrix. The study signified the role of these reinforcements on microstructure and wear behavior of the resultant surface composite layers. The wear characteristics of the resultant mono and hybrid surface composite layers were investigated using a pin-on-disc wear tester at room temperature. The microstructural observations of FSPed regions and the worn out surfaces were performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Considerable grain refinement and uniform distribution of reinforcement particles were achieved inside the nugget zone. All the composite samples showed higher hardness and wear resistance compared to the base metal. Among the composite samples, the hybrid composite（Al5083/CeO2/SiC） revealed the highest wear resistance and the lowest friction coefficient, whereas the Al5083/SiC composite exhibited the highest hardness, i.e., 1.5 times as hard as that of the Al5083 base metal. The enhancement in wear behavior of the hybrid composites was attributed to the solid lubrication effect provided by CeO2 particles. The predominant wear mechanism was identified as severe adhesive in non-composite samples, which changed to abrasive wear and delamination in the presence of reinforcing particles.

STUDY ON PREPARATION OF YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x) ULTRAFINE POWDERS BY SOL-GEL PROCESS

The ultrafine powders of YBa2Cu3O7-x with the size of 100nm were synthesized by Sol-Gel process using cit-rate as complex and ammonium hydroxide to adjust pH of solu-tion. The process of Sol formation and Gel polymerization of YBa2Cu3O7-x in the Sol-Gel synthetic reaction has bee studied. The particle size ,pruity, sintering activity and superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O7-x prepared by Sol-Gel method are better than by solid state reaction.