ABO血型与SARS-CoV-2感染的相关性及其机制假说

ABO血型与新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2感染及其病情程度具有相关性,其中O型人群的SARS-CoV-2易感性较低,A型人群的SARS-CoV-2易感性较高,且病情较重。这种易感性和致病性差异可能有多种机制,抗A和(或)抗B抗体与病毒包膜相应抗原结合中和病毒;SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白与抗A抗体结合,阻断病毒与血管紧张素转换酶2受体相互作用,阻止病毒进入肺上皮细胞;A型人群血管性血友病因子、凝血因子Ⅷ及炎症因子、黏附分子水平较高,血栓栓塞风险更高、炎症反应更强。上述假说尚需前瞻性研究进一步验证,以指导相应防治策略的制订。

Association of ABO blood groups with the severity of coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study

Objective To investigate whether ABO blood groups is associated with the severity of coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods Between January 2015 and December 2017, 1425 first diagnosed CAD patients confirmed by selective coronary angiography were recruited into this cross-sectional study, and their baseline characteristics, ABO blood groups, Gensini score were collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to test the association between the severity of CAD and ABO blood groups. Results The Gensini score was significantly higher in the blood group A than in the non-A groups(41.2 ± 32 vs. 38 ± 27;P = 0.026). After adjusting for age, male, smoking, family history of CAD, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia, multivariate linear regression indicated that blood group A was associated with the severity of CAD(β= 3.298, 95% CI: 0.91–6.505, P = 0.044). In diabetes group, A blood type was also associated with increased Gensini score(P = 0.02) after adjusting for age, male, family history of CAD, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and hypertension. Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, the data indicated that blood group A was an independent risk factor of severity of CAD in Chinese population and Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Prevalence of Malaria Infection and ABO Human Blood Group in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between occurrence of malaria infection with that of human blood group in Dar-es-Salaam Tanzania. The study was based on data collected randomly from the patients who were screened for malaria of all age groups for a period of three months at Mission Mikocheni Hospital. During this time period, a total of 430 blood samples were collected. From the study findings, it is clear that more than 50% of the patients tested were positive for malaria. Further analysis revealed that about 50% of malaria positive patients were type “O” blood group.

2021—2022年广州地区献血人群ABO血型筛查结果分析

目的 了解广州地区无偿献血者ABO、RhD血型的分布情况,为保证临床用血安全和更好为献血者服务提供依据。方法 对2021年1月—2022年12月的无偿献血者进行常规ABO、RhD血型检测,统计分析ABO血型构成比,对ABO正反不一致血型、RhD初筛阴性的标本进行血型血清学确证,分析ABO亚型检出情况及漏检原因。结果 2021年1月—2022年12月共筛查献血者标本749 123份,剔除重复献血者后的标本513 291份,其中ABO血型分布为:O型208 126份(40.55%)、A型138 859份(27.05%)、B型130 987份(25.52%)、AB型35 319份(6.88%)。ABO血型初筛正反不一致506份,其中弱/无红细胞反应58份、额外的红细胞反应16份、弱/无血清反应215份、额外的血清反应217份;经血型血清学或分子生物学确认ABO亚型44份,其中A亚型13份、B亚型26份、AB亚型5份;B(A)3份;类孟买血型14份。重复献血者漏检率最高的血型是A_3/B_3类亚型(68.42%)。在513 291份标本中共检出意外抗体阳性128份;RhD血型初筛阴性共2 277份,其中RhD阴性确认2 188份[2 188/513 291(0.43%)],RhD变异型89份[89/513 291(0.02%)],合并检出意外抗体30份[30/2 188(1.37%)]。结论 广州地区献血人群ABO分布O>A>B>AB,RhD阴性人群占比为0.43%,略高于全国汉族人群0.3%~0.4%;ABO血型亚型以B亚型为主;A_3/B_3类亚型的检出率及在常规血型检验中漏检率最高。

ABO血型变异的分子基础研究

目的 对临床ABO血型变异标本进行ABO亚型、类孟买血型与基因型关联性研究,以探讨这2种血型产生的可能分子背景,为ABO血型的准确鉴定与预判提供精确的基因检测靶点和理论依据。方法 对2022年2—12月瑞金医院2.42万名血型鉴定患者,以及期间来自外院送检10例ABO疑难标本(疑似ABO亚型3例,疑似类孟买血型7例)进行血清学分析,对血清学鉴定为ABO亚型、类孟买血型的行DNA直接测序或克隆后测序分析ABO、FUT1、FUT2基因序列。结果 在共计2.42万血型鉴定患者中检出7例ABO亚型;外院送检的10例疑难标本检出2例ABO亚型、1例正常A型、7例类孟买血型。我们共鉴定出:1)9例ABO亚型,表型及其对应基因型分别为:1例A_(el)(AEL.02/O.01.02)、1例A_(el)B(AEL.05/B.01)、3例B_(3)(2例B3.03/O.01.01、1例B3.03/O.01.02)、1例B(A)(BA.02/O.01.01)、1例AB_(weak)(A1.02/BW.07)、1例B_(weak)(BW.31/O.01.02)、1例A_(2)B_(weak)(A2.05/BW.31);2)7例类孟买血型,表型及其对应基因型分别为:1例AB_(m)^(h)(FUT1^(*)01N.13/FUT1^(*)01N.13)、4例A_(m)^(h)(3例FUT1^(*)01N.06/FUT1^(*)01N.13、1例FUT1^(*)01N.13/FUT1^(*)01N.13)、2例B_(m)^(h)(FUT1^(*)01N.06/FUT1^(*)01N.06、FUT1^(*)01N.06/FUT1^(*)01N.13),7例类孟买的FUT2基因型均为FUT2^(*)01/FUT2^(*)01。结论 ABO血型变异标本需联合血清学与分子生物学方法进行鉴定,方能提高对血型变异标本的鉴定准确率,从而为临床安全输血、器官移植、胎母免疫性溶血病的预测与防治提供参考。

ABO基因第7外显子c.539G>C突变致A_(2)B亚型结果分析

目的:探讨ABO基因第7外显子c.539G>C突变致A_(2)B亚型结果分析。方法:采用试管凝集法检测ABO血型,采用Sanger测序法进行基因测序及序列分析。结果:4例先证者红细胞为A弱B表型,根据血清学特征定义为A_(2)B血型,先证者1、3、4血清中无抗-A_(1)抗体;先证者2血清中存在抗-A_(1)抗体;4例血型基因型为ABO^(*)A2.08/ABO^(*)B.01,测序结果与A102基因序列比对,A208在c.467C>T和c.539G>C位发生突变,导致多肽链P156L和R180P替换。结论:α-1,3-N-乙酰半乳糖胺转移酶基因c.539G>C突变产生A208表型。

Relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China

AIM To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhebitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor communication and transportation in the psst has made Cheoshan a relatively closed area and kept its culture and costure of old China thousend years ago.``METHODS Data on age, sex, ABO blood type and X-rayor psthological diagnose of the pstients with carcinoma of esophagus or cardia were collected from the Tumor Hospital. First Affiliated Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; and the Central Hospital of Shantou and the Central Hospital of Jieyang. A total of 6685 pstients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) and 2 955 patients with cardiac cancer (CC) in Chaoshen district were retrospectively assessed for their association with ABO blood groups.``RESULTS The distribution of ABO blood groups in patients with EC or CC was similar to the norrnal local population in Chaoshen. However, blood group B in male patients with CC and in the pstients with carcinoma in the upper third esophagus was 2.3% and 4.7% higher than the corresponding controls. The relative risk B: O was 1. 1415 (P＜0.05)and 1 .2696 (P＜0.05), respectively. No relationship was found between ABO blood groups and tumor differentiation.``CONCLTUSION ABO blood group B is associated with the incidence of CC in male individuals and carcinona in the upper third esophagus. The distribution of ABO blood groups varies in the different geographical and ethnic groups. As a result, proper controls are very important for such studies.

Significant association between ABO blood group and pancreatic cancer

AIM:To evaluate whether the ABO blood group is related to pancreatic cancer risk in the general population of the United States.METHODS:Using the University of Pittsburgh's clinicalpancreatic cancer registry,the blood donor database from our local blood bank (Central Blood Bank),and the blood product recipient database from the regional transfusion service (Centralized Transfusion Service) in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,we identified 274 pancreatic cancer patients with previously determined serological ABO blood group information.The ABO blood group frequency was compared between these patients and 708842 individual,community-based blood donors who had made donations to Pittsburgh's Central Blood Bank between 1979 and 2009.RESULTS:The frequency of blood group A was statistically significantly higher amongst pancreatic cancer patients compared to its frequency amongst the regional blood donors [47.63% vs 39.10%,odds ratio (OR)=1.43,P=0.004].Conversely,the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower amongst pancreatic cancer patients relative to the community blood donors (32.12% vs 43.99%,OR=0.60,P=0.00007).There were limited blood group B (n=38) and AB (n=17) pancreatic cancer patients;the overall P trend value comparing patient to donor blood groups was 0.001.CONCLUSION:The ABO blood group is associated with pancreatic cancer risk.Future studies should examine the mechanism linking pancreatic cancer risk to ABO blood group.

Association of ABO blood group and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Dore Bafeno Area,Southern Ethiopia

Objective:To assess the distribution of ABO blood group and their relationship with Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum) malaria among febrile outpatients who sought medical attention at Dore Bafeno Health Center,Southern Ethiopia.Methods:A total of 269 febrile outpatients who visited Dore Bafeno Health Center,Southern Ethiopia,were examined for malaria and also tested for ABO blood groups in January 2010.The blood specimens were collected by finger pricking,stained with Geimsa,and examined microscopically.Positive cases of the parasitemia were counted.CareStart^(TM) Malaria PflPv Combo was also used to test the blood specimens for malaria.ABO blood groups were determined by agglutination test using ERYCLONE antisera.Data on socio-demographic characteristics and treatment status of the participants were also collected.Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to assess the difference between frequencies and means,respectively.Results:Out of a total of 269 participants,178(66.2%) febrile patients were found to be infected with Plasmodium parasites,among which 146(54.3%),28(10.4%),and 4(1.5%) belonged to P.falciparum,P.vivax,and mixed infections,respectively.All febrile patients were also tested for ABO blood groups and 51.3%,23.5%,21.9%and 3.3%were found to be blood types of 0,A,B and AB,respectively.Both total malaria infection and P.falciparum infection showed significant association with blood types(P<0.05).The proportion of A or B but not 0 phenotypes was higher(P<0.05) in individuals with P.falciparum as compared with non-infected individuals.The chance of having P.falciparum infection in patients with blood groups A,B and AB was 2.5,2.5 and 3.3times more than individuals showing blood 0 phenotypes,respectively.The mean P.falciparum malaria parasitemia for blood groups A,B,AB,and 0 were 3 744/μ L,1 805/ μ L,5 331/μ L,and1 515/μ L,respectively(P<0.01).Conclusions:The present findings indicate that individuals of blood groups A,B and AB are more susceptible to P.falciparum infection as compared with individuals of blood group O.Nevertheless,further in depth studies are required to clearly establish the role that ABO blood group plays in P.falciparum malaria.

ABO血型基因外显子1上新变异的鉴定

目的:应用血清学和分子生物学方法鉴定1例ABO正反定型不一致患者的血型,并探讨其遗传学特点。方法:采用试管法鉴定该患者的ABO表型,荧光PCR法测定患者及其父母的ABO血型基因型,并对ABO基因7个外显子进行直接测序分析。结果:本例患者血清学初步鉴定为Bel亚型;基因分型检测患者及其父亲的基因型为B/O1,其母亲的基因型为O1/O1;测序发现在患者及其父亲ABO基因外显子1上有新的c.16_17delins TGTTGCA杂合变异。结论:外显子1上新的变异导致该患者ABO血型出现Bel亚型,并具有遗传性。

ABO次侧不相合血小板输注的有效性和安全性初步研究

目的研究分析紧急特殊情况下ABO次侧不相合血小板输注的有效性与安全性,为ABO次侧不相合血小板输注提供科学依据。方法①收集2013年1月—2023年6月广州市第一人民医院,深圳市中西医结合医院及广东医科大学附属第二医院紧急特殊情况下的24人次ABO次侧不相合血小板输注,为ABO次侧不相合组;收集同期ABO同型血小板输注610人次,用倾向评分匹配的方法从中筛选出拥有相似特征的24人次ABO同型血小板输注,为ABO同型组。比较两组间血小板输注疗效,患者住院天数及肝肾功能等指标的差异,分析ABO次侧不相合组急性溶血性输血反应发生率。②体外模拟受血者输注ABO次侧不相合血小板,盐水介质法检测输注后的红细胞凝集强度。结果①回顾分析中ABO次侧不相合组的血小板差值(ΔPLT)和血小板回收率(PPR)分别为(18.0±20.2)×10^(9)/L,(55.4±54.5)%;ABO同型组则分别为(20.6±15.4)×10^(9)/L,(61.9±48.9)%,以上指标两组间无统计学差异,t值分别为0.51,0.46,P均>0.05。②ABO次侧不相合组患者的住院天数,谷丙转氨酶(ALT),肌酐(Cr),IgG免疫球蛋白,IgM免疫球蛋白,CD4计数,CD8计数及B淋巴细胞计数分别为(30.4±17.8)d,(33.0±16.3)U/L,(104.9±64.7)μmol/L,(9.1±2.6)g/L,(1.24±0.83)g/L,(299.3±341.5)cells/μL,(475.7±283.9)cells/μL,(142.8±218.6)cells/μL;ABO同型组患者则分别为(29.5±17.5)d,(31.1±40.5)U/L,(95.6±55.6)μmol/L,(11.8±3.0)g/L,(0.96±0.42)g/L,(397.3±250.9)cells/μL,(622.7±406.6)cells/μL,(190.7±216.6)cells/μL,以上指标两组间无统计学差异,t值分别为0.15,0.01,0.39,1.90,1.03,0.72,0.65,0.21,P均>0.05。③回顾性研究中有24人次的ABO次侧不相合血小板输注,未观察到急性溶血性输血反应发生。④模拟1治疗量的A型血小板输给B型(或AB型)成人后的红细胞凝集反应结果为阴性;模拟1治疗量的B型血小板输给A型(或AB型)成人后的红细胞凝集反应结果为阴性;模拟1治疗量的O型血小板输给A型(或B型或AB型)成人后的红细胞凝集反应结果为阴性。结论①ABO次侧不相合血小板与ABO同型血小板的临床输注疗效相当。②紧急特殊情况下输注不多于1治疗量ABO次侧不相合血小板未发现急性溶血性输血反应。

ABO blood group is a predictor of survival in patients with laryngeal cancer

Background: Whether the ABO blood group is associated with the survival of patients with laryngeal cancer remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the ABO blood group and clinico?pathologic characteristics of patients with laryngeal cancer and assess whether the ABO blood group was associated with prognosis.Methods: We analyzed the records of 1260 patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent curative treatment at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center between January 1993 and December 2009. The Chi?square test was used to assess the relationship between the ABO blood group and clinicopathologic characteristics. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate 3?, 5?, and 10?year overall survival(OS) rates. The Cox proportional hazards model was used in univariate and multivariate analyses of OS.Results: No signiicant association was found between the ABO blood group and clinicopathologic characteristics except for primary tumor site. The median OS for patients with blood groups A, B, AB, and O were 87.0, 80.0, 90.0, and 72.5 months, respectively. The 3?, 5?, and 10?year OS rates were 82.4%, 76.0%, and 67.5% for patients with blood group A; 77.4%, 69.8%, and 58.4% for patients with blood group B; 82.2%, 73.1%, and 65.6% for patients with blood group AB; and 71.7%, 66.4%, and 55.5% for patients with blood group O, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the ABO blood group had signiicant efects on prognosis in patients with laryngeal cancer.Conclusions: The ABO blood group is associated with survival in patients with laryngeal cancer. Patients with blood group O had signiicantly shorter OS than patients with other ABO blood groups.

ABO非同型血小板输注的现状及建议

ABO非同型血小板输注在国外已广泛应用。近年来,国内也已有了地方性应用专家共识,但由于相关专业知识的不普及,使得临床普遍担心ABO非同型血小板输注的安全性和有效性,导致国内ABO非同型血小板应用较少,特别是紧急抢救没有同型血小板时也不使用。本文介绍了ABO非同型血小板输注的概念、血小板上的红细胞血型抗原及国内血小板供需现状,阐述了国内外ABO非同型血小板输注在安全性和有效性方面的研究进展,总结提出了ABO非同型血小板输注的指导建议,为ABO非同型血小板国内临床输注提供应用策略。

献血者ABO疑难血型血清学与分子生物学检测结果分析

目的 正确鉴定ABO正反定型不相符献血者的血型并研究其表型与分子生物学特性。方法 微孔板法正反定型不相符的献血者标本分别进行盐水试管法血型血清学鉴定和聚合酶链反应-序列特异性(PCR-SSP)基因分型,并对部分献血者的PCR产物进行ABO基因1—7外显子直接测序,分析献血者的血型表型、基因分型及基因序列。结果 微孔板法ABO正反定型不相符的献血者标本256份,通过试管法血型血清学鉴定,正常ABO血型119份,ABO血型抗体减弱90份,ABO亚型47份。256份标本进行了PCR-SSP基因分型试验,除了6份标本基因分型无法明确判读外,233份标本试管法血清学表型与基因型一致(91.02%),17份表型与基因型不一致(6.64%)。250份标本共计检出17种基因型:AO1(56份)、AO2(58份)、AA(50份)、BO1(31份)、BO2(17份)、BB(8份)、O1O1(2份)、O1O2(7份)、AB(13份),AO4、A205O2、A205A、A201A、O1O4、O2O2、A201B、A205B各1份。对78份标本ABO基因1—7外显子测序,共检出29个ABO等位基因,其中7个是常见等位基因:^(*)A101、^(*)A102、^(*)A104、^(*)B101、^(*)O01、^(*)O02、^(*)O04,23个是少见或罕见等位基因:^(*)A201、^(*)A205、^(*)Ax01、^(*)Ax03、^(*)Ax13、^(*)Ax19、^(*)Ax22、^(*)Ael10、^(*)B305、^(*)Bel03、^(*)Bel06/^(*)Bx02、^(*)Bw07、^(*)Bw12、^(*)Bw17、^(*)Bw37、^(*)O05、^(*)O26、^(*)O61、^(*)B(A)04、^(*)B(A)07、^(*)cisAB01和^(*)cisAB01var。另外发现6个罕见等位基因突变位点(c.101A>G;c.103_106delG;c.146_147insGC;c.259G>T;c.322C>T;c.932T>C)。结论 疑难ABO血型的鉴定需要血清学检测和分子生物学检测相结合,提供明确的血型以保障临床用血安全。

无偿献血者ABO血型初定错误回顾性调查研究

目的分析采血前无偿献血者血型初定错误的原因,找出策略,降低初定血型错误的发生。方法对日照市中心血站2020—2022年82756份无偿献血者初定、复核ABO血型资料进行回顾性分析研究。结果2020—2022年合计采血82756份,初定血型错误的102份,占0.123%,2020年、2021年和2022年各年血型错误率分别为0.195%、0.134%、0.051%。初定血型错误的102份中,AB型误判为A型的占12.75%;B型、A型误判为O型的分别占8.82%、4.90%;A型误判为B型的占9.80%;B型误判为A型的占11.77%;O型误判为B型、A型、AB型的分别占7.84%、4.90%、3.92%;B型误判为AB型的占11.77%;A型误判为AB型的占8.82%;AB型误判为B和O型的分别占10.78%、3.92%。造成初定血型错误的原因,76.47%属于人为错误,其他属于检测试剂质量、标本存在不规则抗体和血型亚型等原因造成的错误。结论日照市2020—2022年无偿献血者采血前初检血型错误率较高,人为出错是导致血型误判的最主要原因。

徐州地区380例ABO正反定型不符的回顾性分析

目的探讨徐州地区380例ABO正反定型不符的原因。方法整理2011年1月至2022年12月徐州市红十字血液中心输血研究科实验室为ABO正反定型不符的实验记录,通过分析受检者临床资料及ABO血型检测情况,对导致ABO正反定型不符的原因进行分类总结。结果共380例ABO正反定型不符记录,主要的原因包括自身抗体干扰151(39.74%)例,意外抗体干扰77(20.26%)例,ABO亚型77(20.26%)例,疾病导致的抗原减弱27(7.11%)例,蛋白凝集干扰19(5.00%)例;151例自身抗体干扰ABO正反定型中,导致额外抗原反应38(25.17%)例,导致额外抗体反应69(45.70%)例,导致额外的抗原反应和额外的抗体反应44例(29.14%);77例意外抗体干扰ABO正反定型中,MNS血型系统抗体42(54.55%)例,Rh血型系统抗体15(19.48%)例,P1Pk血型系统抗体3(3.90%)例,Lewis血型系统抗体1(1.30%)例,特异性不明的意外抗体16(20.80%)例。结论导致本地区ABO正反定型不符主要原因为自身抗体干扰、意外抗体干扰、ABO亚型,其中自身抗体能导致ABO正反定型不符表现出不同的类型,检测时要加以鉴别,保证ABO血型鉴定的准确性。

ABO Blood Groups and Their Relationship with Coagulation Factor VIII in Healthy Adults

Background: ABO blood group distribution defers with racial and geographic variations. They are related to diseases like cardiovascular diseases, cerebral thromboembolism. ABO blood group system may influence coagulation factor VIII which may increase the future risk of thrombosis. Aim: To assess the relation of ABO blood group with coagulation factor VIII in healthy adults. Material and Methods: A prospective type of analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020. After obtaining ethical clearance, a total of 190 healthy adults were selected from different areas of Dhaka city based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, with ages ranging from 18 - 45 years. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Individuals of blood group A were selected as group A, blood group B as group B, blood group AB as group AB and blood group O as group O. Coagulation factor VIII was measured in the Department of Hematology and BMT Unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Blood grouping was done in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Statistical Analysis: For statistical analysis, ONE way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test were considered using SPSS 25.0 version. Results: In this study, blood group B was most common (33.2%). Coagulation factor VIII was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in blood group A (105.76% ± 11.82%), B (112.00% ± 15.02%), AB (109.80% ± 11.93%) than blood group O (82.00% ± 12.86%). No significant difference was observed among A, B and AB blood groups regarding coagulation factor VIII. Conclusions: It can be concluded that blood group A, B, AB individuals may have more chance of thrombosis due to significantly higher coagulation factor VIII than blood group O individuals.