Relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China

AIM To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhebitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor communication and transportation in the psst has made Cheoshan a relatively closed area and kept its culture and costure of old China thousend years ago.``METHODS Data on age, sex, ABO blood type and X-rayor psthological diagnose of the pstients with carcinoma of esophagus or cardia were collected from the Tumor Hospital. First Affiliated Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; and the Central Hospital of Shantou and the Central Hospital of Jieyang. A total of 6685 pstients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) and 2 955 patients with cardiac cancer (CC) in Chaoshen district were retrospectively assessed for their association with ABO blood groups.``RESULTS The distribution of ABO blood groups in patients with EC or CC was similar to the norrnal local population in Chaoshen. However, blood group B in male patients with CC and in the pstients with carcinoma in the upper third esophagus was 2.3% and 4.7% higher than the corresponding controls. The relative risk B: O was 1. 1415 (P＜0.05)and 1 .2696 (P＜0.05), respectively. No relationship was found between ABO blood groups and tumor differentiation.``CONCLTUSION ABO blood group B is associated with the incidence of CC in male individuals and carcinona in the upper third esophagus. The distribution of ABO blood groups varies in the different geographical and ethnic groups. As a result, proper controls are very important for such studies.

Blood typing and transfusion therapy in a patient with A2 subtype acute myeloid leukemia M2:A case report

BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is one of the most common types of leukemia in adults.However,AML is relatively rare in the population overall,accounting for only about 1 percent of all cancers.Treatment for AML can be very effective for some patients,yet it leaves others with serious and even life-threatening side effects.Chemotherapy is still the primary treatment for most AML,but over time,leukemia cells become resistant to chemotherapy drugs.In addition,stem cell transplantation,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy are currently available.At the same time,with the progression of the disease,the patient may have corresponding complications,such as coagulation dysfunction,anemia,granulocytopenia,and repeated infection,so transfusion supportive therapy will be involved in the overall treatment regime.To date,few articles have reported on blood transfusion treatment options for patients with ABO subtypes AML-M2.Blood transfusion therapy is an important supportive treatment for AML-M2,and accurate determination of patients'blood type is one of the most important steps in the treatment process.In this study,we explored blood typing and supportive treatment strategies for a patient with A2 subtype AML-M2 to provide the basis for treatment for all patients.CASE SUMMARY In order to determine the blood type of the patient,serological and molecular biological methods were used for reference tests,and the genetic background was studied to determine the patient's final blood type and select the appropriate blood products for infusion treatment.According to the results obtained by serological and molecular biological methods,the blood type of the patient was A2 subtype;the genotype was A02/001;the irregular antibody screening was negative,and anti-A1 was found in the plasma.According to the overall treatment plan,active anti-infection,elevated cells,component blood transfusion support,and other rescue and supportive treatments were given,and the patient successfully passed the stage of myelosuppression after chemotherapy.Re-examination of bone marrow smears showed that AL was in complete remission of bone marrow signs,and minimal residual leukemia lesions suggested no cells with obvious abnormal immunophenotype(residual leukemia cells<10-4).CONCLUSION The infusion of patients with A2 subtype AML-M2 with A irradiated platelets and O washing red blood cells can meet the needs of clinical treatment.

PCR-SSP法检测羊水细胞A^(1、2)、BO^(1、2)血型基因型

目的 通过PCR -SSP法检测羊水细胞A1、2 、BO1、2 血型基因型 ,产前诊断胎儿ABO血型。方法 用PCR -SSP检测 5 6例孕 16w以上孕妇羊水细胞ABO血型基因型、用常规方法检测双亲及其胎儿或新生儿脐血ABO血型。结果 (1) 5 6例羊水细胞用PCR -SSP法均检测出ABO血型基因型及其分型 ;(2 )用常规血型检测方法检测脐血红细胞ABO血型抗原检出率为 87 5 % ;(3)PCR -SSP法检测出羊水细胞ABO血型与父母血型按孟德尔遗传规则测出的胎儿血型符合率为 10 0 %。结论 (1)PCR -SSP法检测羊水细胞ABO血型基因型是准确产前诊断胎儿血型的方法。 (2 )PCR -SSP法检测羊水细胞ABO血型基因型可以精确至其亚型。

Impact of pretransplant asplenia vaccination on anti-A/B antibody titers in prospective ABO incompatible kidney transplant recipients

Background:Asplenia vaccination is employed before ABO-incompatible(ABOi)transplantation in case splenectomy is needed.Pneumococcal vaccines have been reported,in different patient groups,to increase anti-A/B titers,through cross-reactivity to shared polysaccharide epitopes.We investigated the impact of pretransplant asplenia vaccinations on anti-A/B antibody titers in prospective ABOi renal transplant recipients.Methods:Published asplenia vaccine microbial structures were reviewed to assess expression of A/B antigens.All patients who underwent ABOi transplantation at Monash Medical Centre with anti-A/B titers taken either side of asplenia vaccination were included in a retrospective cohort study between 2007 and 2021.Patients with paired titers without intervening vaccination were included as controls.Paired titers were compared within groups.Results:A and B antigens were found to be expressed by vaccine specific pneumococcal serotypes.Thirty-nine ABOi renal transplant recipients received vaccination including at least one pneumococcal vaccine.The most common donor to recipient combination was A1 to O.The median pre-and postvaccination anti-A/B titers were 1:32 and there was no significant change in titers following vaccination(median change in titer 0 dilutions,range–2 to 3,P=0.43).The same findings were apparent in the control group(n=20).There was no significant change in titer by donor blood group or vaccine type.No transplants were canceled or delayed by a rise in anti-A/B titers postvaccination.Conclusion:Pneumococcal vaccination had no clinically relevant impact on anti-A/B titers before ABOi transplantation in this cohort.These results provide reassurance regarding the safety of asplenia vaccination before ABOi transplantation.

Transplant outcomes of 100 cases of living-donor ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation

Background:Although ABO-incompatible(ABOi)kidney transplantation(KT)has been performed successfully,a standard preconditioning regimen has not been established.Based on the initial antidonor ABO antibody titers,an individualized preconditioning regimen is developed,and this study explored the efficacy and safety of the regimen.Methods:From September 1,2014,to September 1,2020,we performed 1668 consecutive living-donor KTs,including 100 ABOi and 1568 ABO-compatible(ABOc)KTs.ABOi KT recipients(KTRs)with a lower antibody titer(≤1:8)were administered oral immunosuppressive drugs(OIs)before KT,while patients with a medium titer(1:16)received OIs plus antibody-removal therapy(plasma exchange/double-filtration plasmapheresis),patients with a higher titer(≥1:32)were in addition received rituximab(Rit).Competing risk analyses were conducted to estimate the cumulative incidence of infection,acute rejection(AR),graft loss,and patient death.Results:After propensity score analyses,100 ABOi KTRs and 200 matched ABOc KTRs were selected.There were no significant differences in graft and patient survival between the ABOi and ABOc groups(P=0.787,P=0.386,respectively).After using the individualized preconditioning regimen,ABOi KTRs showed a similar cumulative incidence of AR(10.0%vs.10.5%,P=0.346).Among the ABOi KTRs,the Rit-free group had a similar cumulative incidence of AR(P=0.714)compared to that of the Rittreated group.Multivariate competing risk analyses revealed that a Rit-free regimen reduced the risk of infection(HR:0.31;95%CI:0.12–0.78,P=0.013).Notably,antibody titer rebound was more common in ABOi KTRs receiving a Rit-free preconditioning regimen(P=0.013)than those receiving Rit.ABOi KTRs with antibody titer rebound had a 2.72-fold risk of AR(HR:2.72,95%CI:1.01–7.31,P=0.048).ABOi KTRs had similar serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to those of ABOc KTRs after the first year.Conclusions:An individualized preconditioning regimen can achieve comparable graft and patient survival rates in ABOi KT with ABOc KT.Rit-free preconditioning effectively prevented AR without increasing the risk of infectious events in those with lower initial titers;however,antibody titer rebound should be monitored.