Influence of filler characteristics on particle removal in fluid catalytic cracking slurry under an alternating electric field

The characteristics of the packing material under an alternating electric field are an important factor in the removal of FCCS particles.In this study,the electric field distribution of a separation unit consisting of packed spheres under an alternating electric field is simulated,and the movement mechanism of catalyst particles is analysed.An"effective contact point"model is derived to predict the adsorption of filler contact points on catalyst particles under the alternating electric field,and the model is validated by simulations and experiments.The numerical calculation and experimental results indicate that the electrical properties of the filler spheres,the filler angleθ,and the frequency f of the alternating electric field affect the adsorption of catalyst particles.As the frequency of the electric field increases,the particle removal efficiency of the high-conductivity filler(silicon carbide)increases and then settles,and the separation efficiency of the low-conductivity filler(glass,zirconia)is not sensitive to the change in electric field frequency.

Particle Agglomeration in Bipolar Barb Agglomerator Under AC Electric Field

The development of an efficient technology for removing fine particles in flue gas is essential as the haze is becoming more and more serious.To improve agglomeration effectiveness of fine particles,a dual zone electric agglomeration device consisting of a charging chamber and an agglomeration chamber with bipolar barb electrodes was developed.The bipolar barb electric agglomerator with a polar distance of 200 mm demonstrates good agglomeration effectiveness for particles with a size less than 8.0μm under applied AC electric field.An optimal condition for achieving better agglomeration effectiveness was found to be as follows：flue gas flow velocity of3.00 m/s,particle concentration of 2.00 g/m^3,output voltage of 35 kV and length of the barb of16 ram.In addition,4.0-6.0μm particles haste the best effectiveness with the variation of particle volume occupancy of-3.2.

An investigation into the deformation, movement and coalescence characteristics of water-in-oil droplets in an AC electric field

Drop-drop coalescence is important in electric dehydrators used for oil-water separation in the oil industry.The deformation degree,angle between the electric field and the center line of two drops,effects of intensities and frequencies of the electric field have been studied by analyzing droplet images.However,seldom have people investigated the movement and the relative velocity in the process of dropdrop coalescence.In this paper forces acting on a single droplet and horizontal water droplets in an AC electric field were analyzed,and experiments were carried out to investigate the deformation,movement and coalescence characteristics of droplets with white oil and water.With a micro high-speed camera system and image processing technology,the droplet images were collected and analyzed.The results indicate that the deformation is mainly affected by the electric field intensity,frequency,droplet diameter and the oil viscosity.High field strength and large diameter facilitate deformation of drops in the electric field.The effect of frequency and oil viscosity is not obvious.Higher frequency and higher oil viscosity will lead to smaller oscillation amplitude.The effect of electric field intensity and droplet diameter on oscillation amplitude is not obvious.When the center-to-center distance between droplets is large,the forces acting on droplets in the horizontal direction are mainly dipole-dipole attraction and drag forces.There is also the film-thinning force when droplets get closer.The forces are simplified and derived.Based on force analysis and Newton＇s second law,the relative movement is analyzed in different parts,and the relationship of center-to-center distance and time is in accordance with an explinear function at different stages.According to experimental data,the movement of 145 μm double droplets before coalescence can be fitted well with an explinear function at two stages.In addition,the whole movement process is investigated and can be estimated with a fourth order polynomial curve,from which the relative velocity of droplet movement can also be obtained.With an increases in electric field intensity and droplet diameter and a decrease in oil viscosity,the relative velocity increases.Only when the oil-water interfacial tension is obviously high,can it influence the relative movement significantly.The coalescence is mainly dipole coalescence and chain coalescence under influence of the AC electric field.

Effective Response of Nonlinear Spherical Coated Composites Under External AC and DC Electric Field

Under the external AC and DC electric field, the effective response of nonlinear spherical coated composites, which obey the constitutive relation of electric displaeement and electric field, is investigated in the dilute limit by using the perturbation method. The local potentials in inclusion and host regions are derived at all harmonics. Moreover, the formulae of the effective linear and nonlinear responses are given in the dilute limit.

基于Q235的水下ACFM可视化检测系统设计及研究

针对复杂海水环境中Q235结构物夹板裂纹,基于交流电磁场检测(ACFM)技术开展了水下可视化检测系统的设计及研究。基于COMSOL仿真分析选取了探头外壳材料。搭建硬件电路及设计缺陷识别及重构的软件系统。基于Q235材料样板上不同长度及不同深度的裂纹进行水下检测。结果表明:Q235材料的不同长度裂纹检测中长度误差和深度检测误差分别为8.53%和15.11%;不同深度裂纹检测中长度误差和深度检测误差分别为8.17%和13.9%。

Effective Response of Nonlinear Composite under External AC and DC Electric Field

A perturbation method is used to study effective response of nonlinear Kerr composites, which are subject to the constitutive relation of electric displacement and electric field, Dα=εαE＋xα｜E｜^2E. Under the external AG and DC electric field Eapp = Eα（1 ＋ sinωt）, the effective nonlinear responses and local potentials are induced by the cubic nonlinearity of Kerr materials at all harmonics. As an example in three dimensions, we have investigated this kind of nonlinear composites with spherical inclusions embedded in a host. At all harmonic frequencies, the potentials in inclusion and host regions are derived. Furthermore, the formulae of the effective linear and nonlinear responses are given in the dilute Iimit.

Effective response in nonlinear spherical coated composites under external AC and DC electric fields

By using the perturbation method, effective nonlinear direct current （DC） and alternating current （AC） responses of nonlinear composites with spherical coated inclusions randomly embedded in a host medium are studied under the action of an external electric field Ea = E0 ＋ E1 sinωt ＋ E3 sin 3ωt with different amplitudes and frequencies. The local potentials of composites at all harmonics are given in the inclusion particles and the host regions. All effective nonlinear responses to composites and the relationship between the effective nonlinear responses at all harmonics are also deduced for the spherical coated inclusions in a dilute limit.

Effective response of nonlinear cylindrical coated composites under external AC and DC electric field

This paper uses the perturbation method to study effective response of nonlinear cylindrical coated composites. Under the external AC and DC electric field Ea （1 ＋sin ωt）, the local potentials of composites at all harmonic frequencies are induced. An effective nonlinear response to composite is given for the cylindrical coated inclusions in the dilute limit.

Preparation of ozagrel-magnetoliposomes and investigation on the release in vitro under AC-magnetic field

To reduce the first-pass effect and increase the targeting of ozagrel(OZ),the ozagrel -magnetoliposomes(OZ-MLs)were prepared in this study.Here,we described the preparation and characterization of OZ-MLs.It had a diameter of around 0.2μm.To prevent the aggregation of particles,the magnetite was treated with a surfactant,resulting in a stable ferrofluid suspension. The cumulative release of OZ from OZ-MLs could be up to 64.5%in 30 min in vitro under AC-magnetic field.However,it was only 24.0%for OZ-MLs without AC-magnetic field.

Vacuum Poloidal Magnetic Field of Tokamak in Alternating-Current Operation

Vacuum poloidal magnetic field of tokamak in alternating-current （AC） operation is investigated. It is found that the vacuum magnetic field in AC operation is qualitatively different from that in direct-current （DC） operation. In the DC case, the vacuum magnetic field varies along the poloidal direction with one period, while in the AC case, the vacuum magnetic field varies along the poloidal direction with two periods. This implies that two sets of vertical field coil may be needed for the AC operation.

AC/DC通信电源模块远场电磁辐射发射预测研究

AC/DC通信电源产生的电磁辐射易超过限值,对其电磁辐射机理和预测方法开展研究有助于改善电磁兼容性设计。首先,在分析AC/DC通信电源模块共模电磁噪声的形成源头和传播路径后,提出其远场电磁辐射可分解为由“输入端口”、“输出端口”共模电压驱动的2类辐射。然后,提出将共模电压驱动源与寄生辐射体的辐射传递函数相结合,进行远场电磁辐射预测的新方法;设计频谱分析仪+电阻衰减器,实现各共模电压驱动源的频谱测量;采用FEKO电磁仿真软件,通过数值计算得到各寄生辐射体的辐射传递函数。最后,实现了4 kW AC/DC通信电源模块辐射预测,并实测验证了其有效性。

非均布温度条件下CRCP+AC复合式路面温度应力分析

根据传热学相关理论,应用大型有限元软件ANSYS10.0对夏季高温条件下CRCP+AC复合式路面瞬态温度场进行了模拟,利用温度-结构耦合原理计算了日周期气温下路面结构的温度应力.分析过程中,考虑了温度沿路面深度方向分布的非线性特征及初始参考温度的非均匀性,对CRCP+AC复合式路面温度应力的影响因素进行了分析.研究结果表明,AC层厚度、CRC层厚度、CRC与基层接触条件的改变对路面结构温度应力的影响较大.当AC层厚度小于6 cm后,改变CRC层厚度对混凝土板温度应力影响不大.

量子场作用下二能级原子的AC Stark效应

:计算了处在粒子数态的单模量子场与二能级原子相互作用时能级ACStark移动 ,平均能级移动值随场模波频率变化呈色散线型 ,随场模中光子数的增加会逐渐达到饱和。另外 ,还发现即使是场模中光子数为零 。

AC-PDP中等离子体电场的实验研究

用激光荧光技术直接测量了AC PDP单元高气压He和He Xe0 1%放电中的电场行为,估算了由放电电场产生的AC PDP单元上的壁电压。选用高气压下寿命较长的氦的亚稳态2s3S,比较主量子数n=8和n=9的Stark分裂谱,使电场的测量精度提高到10%。电场和壁电压的时间分布描述了PDP单元的放电行为。

彩色AC-PDP的最大子场数目显示方法及其改进

开发了一种彩色AC PDP的最大子场数目显示方法,利用子场编码的冗余特性,在不更改现有技术的前提下,有效地解决了彩色AC PDP中存在的与放电单元有关的电路负载所引起的OverBrighness现象;通过与RotatingCode编码、行重复寻址方法的联合使用,有效地解决了彩色AC PDP中存在的运动图像紊乱现象。

光子统计特性对原子能级ACStark移动的影响

以相干态单模场和单模热光场引起的原子能级ACStark移动为例 ,分析了光子统计特性对能级移动规律的影响。能级ACStark移动中包含了光场统计特性信息 。

转Cry1Ab/Ac基因水稻对稻田底栖动物群落的影响

转Bt基因抗虫水稻的成功研发,为有效控制鳞翅目害虫对水稻的危害提供了一条最为有效、经济的途径。稻田底栖动物群落是转Bt基因抗虫水稻的重要非靶标生物。为了解转Bt基因水稻对稻田底栖动物群落的安全性,以转Cry1Ab/Ac基因抗虫水稻‘华恢1号’(简写为HH1)为材料,以其非转基因亲本‘明恢63’(简写为MH63)为对照,以稻田底栖动物群落为指示生物,运用群落学方法,通过连续2年在江西南昌的大田试验,研究了转Cry1Ab/Ac基因抗虫水稻对稻田底栖动物群落的影响。结果显示:2012年在HH1与MH63的稻田中分别采集到底栖动物22种与25种,其中两生境中相同物种19种,两群落物种组成相似度为0.808 5,有7种优势种,优势种相似度为0.833 3。2013年在HH1与MH63稻田中分别采集到底栖动物26种与28种,两类稻田相同底栖动物22种,两群落物种组成相似度为0.814 8,有6种优势种,优势种相似度为1.000 0。2012年与2013年群落总体分析与时间动态分析均显示,两类稻田中底栖动物的物种丰富度、个体数量、多样性指数、均匀性指数及优势集中性指数变化趋势相似,且均无显著差异。结果表明:连续种植2年转Cry1Ab/Ac基因水稻HH1对南昌稻田底栖动物群落无明显的负作用。

彩色AC-PDP运动图像仿真系统的开发

开发了彩色AC PDP运动图像仿真系统,通过利用本系统的运动图像仿真功能可以对现有的各种显示技术、与子场有关的各种因素进行仿真及比较,为人们开发提高彩色AC PDP图像显示质量的新型技术及子场提供了理论上的依据;通过利用本系统的Gamma特性研究功能可以对彩色AC PDP中视频信号的反Gamma特性进行研究,并对反Gamma相关编码进行子场逼近,为选择符合要求的子场编码提供了判据。

Structure and resistance of concentration polar layer on cation exchange membrane-solution interface

Membrane/solution interface consists of a neutral concentration polai layer(CPL) and a charge layer(CL) under external electrical field, and the neutral CPL can be neglected under high frequency AC electrical field. The relationship of CL thickness e with electrolyte concentration C and fixed ion exchange sites density σ in membrane surface layer can be expressed as e

Effective AC response of a nonlinear spherical coated composite

An effective nonlinear response of a nonlinear composite with spherical coated inclusions randomly embedded in a host medium under the action of an external AC electric field, Ea= E1 sin（wt） ＋ E3 sin（3wt）, is investigated using a perturbation method. The local potentials of the composite at higher harmonics are given both in the region of local inclusion particles and in the local host region under the external AC electric field. All effective nonlinear responses of the composite and the relationship between the effective nonlinear responses at the fundamental frequency and third harmonics are also studied for spherical coated inclusion in a dilute limit.