Soft-switching techniques are attractive to unity-power-factor AC/DC converter in the view of the size reduction and EMI suppression. A soft-switched boost PFC converter has been studied based on its topology analysis...Soft-switching techniques are attractive to unity-power-factor AC/DC converter in the view of the size reduction and EMI suppression. A soft-switched boost PFC converter has been studied based on its topology analysis, PSIM simulation and circuit experiment. A special limitation of soft-switching techniques has been found in their AC/DC applications.展开更多
设计了一种应用于反激式AC-DC变换器的控制芯片。为了提高AC-DC变换器的工作稳定性,降低成本,实现全负载范围较高的转换效率,采用PSM流限控制模式。PSM流限控制模式结构简单,可有效降低系统成本。系统根据负载情况分段调节流限值,实现...设计了一种应用于反激式AC-DC变换器的控制芯片。为了提高AC-DC变换器的工作稳定性,降低成本,实现全负载范围较高的转换效率,采用PSM流限控制模式。PSM流限控制模式结构简单,可有效降低系统成本。系统根据负载情况分段调节流限值,实现各负载点较高的转换效率,减小输出电压纹波,避免轻载时开关频率进入音频范围。芯片主要采用数字控制,具有高稳定性和低功耗,内置700 V耐压功率MOSFET。整个系统采用3μm 700 V BCD工艺实现。展开更多
The term neurodegeneration emphasizes the destruction of neuronal cells as the primary explanation of many major neurological illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease. Specialized functioning of cells requires more c...The term neurodegeneration emphasizes the destruction of neuronal cells as the primary explanation of many major neurological illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease. Specialized functioning of cells requires more cellular energy than is needed for basic cell survival. Cells can acquire energy both from the metabolism of food and from the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway. The ACE pathway is an added dynamic (kinetic) quality of the body’s fluids occurring from the absorption of an external force termed KELEA (Kinetic Energy Limiting Electrostatic Attraction). KELEA is attracted to separated electrical charges and is seemingly partially released as the charges become more closely linked. As suggested elsewhere, the fluctuating electrical activity in the brain may attract KELEA from the environment and, thereby, contribute to the body’s ACE pathway. Certain illnesses affecting the brain may impede this proposed antenna function of the brain, leading to a systemic insufficiency of cellular energy (ICE). Furthermore, individual neurons may derive some of the energy for their own activities from the repetitive depolarization of the cell. This may explain why hyper-excitability of neurons can occur in response to cell damage. This adaptive mechanism is unlikely to be sustainable, however, especially if there is a continuing need to synthesize neurotransmitters and membrane ion channels. The energy deficient neurons would then become quiescent and, although remaining viable, would not perform their intended specialized functions. Actual cell death would not necessarily occur till much later in the disease process. The distinction between quiescent and degenerated cells is important since the ACE pathway can be enhanced by several means, including the regular consumption of KELEA activated water. This, in turn, may improve the proposed antenna function of individual neurons, leading to a sustained restoration of specialized function via the ACE pathway. This paper explores this novel concept and provides a rationale for clinical testing of KELEA activated water in patients with neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
Living organisms derive energy for cellular activities through three primary mechanisms. The first is photosynthesis, which is restricted to plants and certain bacteria. It uses energy in sunlight to combine carbon di...Living organisms derive energy for cellular activities through three primary mechanisms. The first is photosynthesis, which is restricted to plants and certain bacteria. It uses energy in sunlight to combine carbon dioxide with water to form carbohydrates plus oxygen. The second is chemical energy, which is ob-tainable by all organisms from the cellular metabolism of carbohydrates and other organic molecules. The third mechanism of obtaining cellular energy is the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway. The ACE pathway is expressed as an added dynamic (kinetic) quality of the body’s fluids. It results from the absorption of an environmental force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction). The fundamental role of KELEA is presumably to pre-vent the fusion and annihilation of electrostatically attracted opposing electrical charges. KELEA can loosen the hydrogen bonding between fluid molecules. KELEA benefits living organisms in part by enabling more efficient biochemical reactions. Cells require a minimal amount of energy to remain viable. Additional energy is required to undertake specialized cellular functions. Illnesses result if cells have insufficient cellular energy (ICE) for their specialized functions. Since KELEA is attracted to separated electrical charges, it is presumably attracted to the electrical charges comprising the membrane potential of cells. It is proposed that the depolarization of neuronal cells leads to the partial release of KELEA for use by the depolarized cell and as a contribution to the overall activation of the body’s fluids. Many brain illnesses currently attributed to cellular neurodegeneration are explainable as neuronal cells’ adaptations to ICE. The adaptations likely comprise initial hyper-excitability to obtain additional KELEA, followed by functional quiescence prior to actual neuronal cell death. Clinical recovery during both the hyper-excitable and hypoactive phases is potentially achievable by enhancing the ACE pathway. Furthermore, among the restored specialized functions of quiescent neuronal cells may be the capacity to again attract KELEA, leading to sustainable recovery. The opportunity exists for extended clinical trials involving the ACE pathway in neurological and psychiatric illnesses.展开更多
随着交直流电网规模的不断增长,纯电阻型超导限流器已经难以满足其限流需求。为了减少超导带材的用量并提高电阻型超导限流器的经济性,通过引入空芯分裂电抗器,研究了一种分裂电抗型超导限流器（DRSFCL）并对其基本限流原理进行了分析...随着交直流电网规模的不断增长,纯电阻型超导限流器已经难以满足其限流需求。为了减少超导带材的用量并提高电阻型超导限流器的经济性,通过引入空芯分裂电抗器,研究了一种分裂电抗型超导限流器（DRSFCL）并对其基本限流原理进行了分析。通过建模和仿真研究,主要分析了DRSFCL在10 k V电压下的交直流限流特性,得到其在交流冲击下可有效地限制短路电流的第一波峰值,限流作用比较明显,且在直流冲击下也有较好的限流作用。最后通过直流冲击平台对部分直流仿真结果进行了试验验证,试验结果与仿真结果基本一致。展开更多
基金Sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundaltion fbr the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education
文摘Soft-switching techniques are attractive to unity-power-factor AC/DC converter in the view of the size reduction and EMI suppression. A soft-switched boost PFC converter has been studied based on its topology analysis, PSIM simulation and circuit experiment. A special limitation of soft-switching techniques has been found in their AC/DC applications.
文摘设计了一种应用于反激式AC-DC变换器的控制芯片。为了提高AC-DC变换器的工作稳定性,降低成本,实现全负载范围较高的转换效率,采用PSM流限控制模式。PSM流限控制模式结构简单,可有效降低系统成本。系统根据负载情况分段调节流限值,实现各负载点较高的转换效率,减小输出电压纹波,避免轻载时开关频率进入音频范围。芯片主要采用数字控制,具有高稳定性和低功耗,内置700 V耐压功率MOSFET。整个系统采用3μm 700 V BCD工艺实现。
文摘The term neurodegeneration emphasizes the destruction of neuronal cells as the primary explanation of many major neurological illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease. Specialized functioning of cells requires more cellular energy than is needed for basic cell survival. Cells can acquire energy both from the metabolism of food and from the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway. The ACE pathway is an added dynamic (kinetic) quality of the body’s fluids occurring from the absorption of an external force termed KELEA (Kinetic Energy Limiting Electrostatic Attraction). KELEA is attracted to separated electrical charges and is seemingly partially released as the charges become more closely linked. As suggested elsewhere, the fluctuating electrical activity in the brain may attract KELEA from the environment and, thereby, contribute to the body’s ACE pathway. Certain illnesses affecting the brain may impede this proposed antenna function of the brain, leading to a systemic insufficiency of cellular energy (ICE). Furthermore, individual neurons may derive some of the energy for their own activities from the repetitive depolarization of the cell. This may explain why hyper-excitability of neurons can occur in response to cell damage. This adaptive mechanism is unlikely to be sustainable, however, especially if there is a continuing need to synthesize neurotransmitters and membrane ion channels. The energy deficient neurons would then become quiescent and, although remaining viable, would not perform their intended specialized functions. Actual cell death would not necessarily occur till much later in the disease process. The distinction between quiescent and degenerated cells is important since the ACE pathway can be enhanced by several means, including the regular consumption of KELEA activated water. This, in turn, may improve the proposed antenna function of individual neurons, leading to a sustained restoration of specialized function via the ACE pathway. This paper explores this novel concept and provides a rationale for clinical testing of KELEA activated water in patients with neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease.
文摘Living organisms derive energy for cellular activities through three primary mechanisms. The first is photosynthesis, which is restricted to plants and certain bacteria. It uses energy in sunlight to combine carbon dioxide with water to form carbohydrates plus oxygen. The second is chemical energy, which is ob-tainable by all organisms from the cellular metabolism of carbohydrates and other organic molecules. The third mechanism of obtaining cellular energy is the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway. The ACE pathway is expressed as an added dynamic (kinetic) quality of the body’s fluids. It results from the absorption of an environmental force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction). The fundamental role of KELEA is presumably to pre-vent the fusion and annihilation of electrostatically attracted opposing electrical charges. KELEA can loosen the hydrogen bonding between fluid molecules. KELEA benefits living organisms in part by enabling more efficient biochemical reactions. Cells require a minimal amount of energy to remain viable. Additional energy is required to undertake specialized cellular functions. Illnesses result if cells have insufficient cellular energy (ICE) for their specialized functions. Since KELEA is attracted to separated electrical charges, it is presumably attracted to the electrical charges comprising the membrane potential of cells. It is proposed that the depolarization of neuronal cells leads to the partial release of KELEA for use by the depolarized cell and as a contribution to the overall activation of the body’s fluids. Many brain illnesses currently attributed to cellular neurodegeneration are explainable as neuronal cells’ adaptations to ICE. The adaptations likely comprise initial hyper-excitability to obtain additional KELEA, followed by functional quiescence prior to actual neuronal cell death. Clinical recovery during both the hyper-excitable and hypoactive phases is potentially achievable by enhancing the ACE pathway. Furthermore, among the restored specialized functions of quiescent neuronal cells may be the capacity to again attract KELEA, leading to sustainable recovery. The opportunity exists for extended clinical trials involving the ACE pathway in neurological and psychiatric illnesses.
文摘随着交直流电网规模的不断增长,纯电阻型超导限流器已经难以满足其限流需求。为了减少超导带材的用量并提高电阻型超导限流器的经济性,通过引入空芯分裂电抗器,研究了一种分裂电抗型超导限流器（DRSFCL）并对其基本限流原理进行了分析。通过建模和仿真研究,主要分析了DRSFCL在10 k V电压下的交直流限流特性,得到其在交流冲击下可有效地限制短路电流的第一波峰值,限流作用比较明显,且在直流冲击下也有较好的限流作用。最后通过直流冲击平台对部分直流仿真结果进行了试验验证,试验结果与仿真结果基本一致。
