Design,preparation,application of advanced array structured materials and their action mechanism analyses for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely commercial application and development of LSB is mainly hindered by serious“shuttle effect”of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),slow reaction kinetics,notorious lithium dendrites,etc.In various structures of LSB materials,array structured materials,possessing the composition of ordered micro units with the same or similar characteristics of each unit,present excellent application potential for various secondary cells due to some merits such as immobilization of active substances,high specific surface area,appropriate pore sizes,easy modification of functional material surface,accommodated huge volume change,enough facilitated transportation for electrons/lithium ions,and special functional groups strongly adsorbing Li PSs.Thus many novel array structured materials are applied to battery for tackling thorny problems mentioned above.In this review,recent progresses and developments on array structured materials applied in LSBs including preparation ways,collaborative structural designs based on array structures,and action mechanism analyses in improving electrochemical performance and safety are summarized.Meanwhile,we also have detailed discussion for array structured materials in LSBs and constructed the structure-function relationships between array structured materials and battery performances.Lastly,some directions and prospects about preparation ways,functional modifications,and practical applications of array structured materials in LSBs are generalized.We hope the review can attract more researchers'attention and bring more studying on array structured materials for other secondary batteries including LSB.

Innovative Techniques Unveiled in Advanced Sheet Pile Curtain Design

This thorough review explores the complexities of geotechnical engineering, emphasizing soil-structure interaction (SSI). The investigation centers on sheet pile design, examining two primary methodologies: Limit Equilibrium Methods (LEM) and Soil-Structure Interaction Methods (SSIM). While LEM methods, grounded in classical principles, provide valuable insights for preliminary design considerations, they may encounter limitations in addressing real-world complexities. In contrast, SSIM methods, including the SSI-SR approach, introduce precision and depth to the field. By employing numerical techniques such as Finite Element (FE) and Finite Difference (FD) analyses, these methods enable engineers to navigate the dynamics of soil-structure interaction. The exploration extends to SSI-FE, highlighting its essential role in civil engineering. By integrating Finite Element analysis with considerations for soil-structure interaction, the SSI-FE method offers a holistic understanding of how structures dynamically interact with their geotechnical environment. Throughout this exploration, the study dissects critical components governing SSIM methods, providing engineers with tools to navigate the intricate landscape of geotechnical design. The study acknowledges the significance of the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model while recognizing its limitations, and guiding practitioners toward informed decision-making in geotechnical analyses. As the article concludes, it underscores the importance of continuous learning and innovation for the future of geotechnical engineering. With advancing technology and an evolving understanding of soil-structure interaction, the study remains committed to ensuring the safety, stability, and efficiency of geotechnical structures through cutting-edge design and analysis techniques.

Recent Progress in Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Advanced Control Applications

Reinforcement learning(RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming(ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent developments in ADP along with RL and its applications to various advanced control fields. First, the background of the development of ADP is described, emphasizing the significance of regulation and tracking control problems. Some effective offline and online algorithms for ADP/adaptive critic control are displayed, where the main results towards discrete-time systems and continuous-time systems are surveyed, respectively.Then, the research progress on adaptive critic control based on the event-triggered framework and under uncertain environment is discussed, respectively, where event-based design, robust stabilization, and game design are reviewed. Moreover, the extensions of ADP for addressing control problems under complex environment attract enormous attention. The ADP architecture is revisited under the perspective of data-driven and RL frameworks,showing how they promote ADP formulation significantly.Finally, several typical control applications with respect to RL and ADP are summarized, particularly in the fields of wastewater treatment processes and power systems, followed by some general prospects for future research. Overall, the comprehensive survey on ADP and RL for advanced control applications has d emonstrated its remarkable potential within the artificial intelligence era. In addition, it also plays a vital role in promoting environmental protection and industrial intelligence.

Computer-aided designing and manufacturing of advanced steels

Suitable optimization and simulation were performed using a powerful software package with a mature database as well as modem measurement facilities, which led to the successful designing and manufacturing of advanced steels. In the course of designing, the composition of a large section of prehardened mold steel for plastics was estimated so as to lower the quantities of oxide inclusions to change the type of carbides and to raise the machinability. The composition and process were adjusted to obtain satisfactory surface quality for the prevailing galvanization in transformation-induced plasticity （TRIP） steel. The refuting process of low-carbon steel was simulated in the light of both Thermo-Calc and Factsage. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses were always conducted during the test and the procedure.

Reliability-based design optimization for flexible mechanism with particle swarm optimization and advanced extremum response surface method

To improve the computational efficiency of the reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) of flexible mechanism, particle swarm optimization-advanced extremum response surface method(PSO-AERSM) was proposed by integrating particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and advanced extremum response surface method(AERSM). Firstly, the AERSM was developed and its mathematical model was established based on artificial neural network, and the PSO algorithm was investigated. And then the RBDO model of flexible mechanism was presented based on AERSM and PSO. Finally, regarding cross-sectional area as design variable, the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism was implemented subject to reliability degree and uncertainties based on the proposed approach. The optimization results show that the cross-section sizes obviously reduce by 22.96 mm^2 while keeping reliability degree. Through the comparison of methods, it is demonstrated that the AERSM holds high computational efficiency while keeping computational precision for the RBDO of flexible mechanism, and PSO algorithm minimizes the response of the objective function. The efforts of this work provide a useful sight for the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism, and enrich and develop the reliability theory as well.

LTE-Advanced下行链路多天线技术研究

分析了下行链路中的参考符号结构,描述了码本设计的工作原理,验证了下行链路多天线增强方案的系统性能,最后预测了LTE-Advanced R11中LTE-Advanced下行链路多天线技术的发展趋势。

LTE-Advanced中的下行8天线码本设计

LTE-Advanced在LTE下行MIMO4天线的基础上引入8天线的设计,预编码码本的设计是很重要的一项内容,影响到上行反馈模式和反馈开销等,因此需要针对8天线的配置优先场景,设计出性能和开销均为最优的码本。本文讨论了3GPP对8天线配置场景的优先级,分析了3种具体的码本设计方案,包括基于波束扫描的码本(GoB码本)、差分码本和自适应码本,并从性能、开销等方面比较了3种码本设计方案,最后对3GPP最终采用的8天线码本设计方案原理进行了介绍。

LTE-Advanced空口监测仪表系统设计

随着国际范围的3GPP LTE技术的商用化,新型无线网络分析和优化仪表日益得到重视和发展。针对我国在LTE网络建设过程中,缺乏空中接口监测仪表的问题,研发符合3GPP及行业标准要求的LTE-Advanced空口监测仪表的硬件平台是必需的。基于FPGA的空口监测仪表的硬件系统,结合系统设计,分析了LTE-Advanced空口监测仪表的数据处理流程。从物理架构和逻辑架构方面分别阐述射频和基带板卡、协议板板卡的设计思路。最后,针对LTE-Advanced空口监测仪表的开发难度,对FPGA和DSP两种技术路线进行了分析比较。

基于Advance PLD Design的PLD设计与仿真

通过实例介绍了利用Advance PLD Design进行PLD设计和仿真的过程,并给出作者的体会。

SMART： The First Licensed Advanced Integral Reactor

SMART （system-integrated modular advanced reactor） is a small-sized advanced integral reactor with a rated thermal power of 330 MW. It can produce 100 MW of electricity, or 90 MW of electricity and 40,000 t of desalinated water concurrently, which is sufficient for 100,000 residents. SMART technology is a sensible mixture of new innovative design features and proven technologies through a PWR. The enhancement of safety and reliability is realized by incorporating inherent safety features and reliable passive safety systems. The improvement in the economics is achieved through system simplification, component modularization, construction time reduction, and increased plant availability. All technologies and design features implemented into SMART have been proven in industries and/or qualified through the SMART design verification program including comprehensive test and experiments. The full scope of the safety analyses carried out to confirm that the inherent safety-improvement design characteristics and safety systems of SMART ensure reactor safety. After a thorough licensing review, SDA （standard design approval） for SMART was granted on July 4th, 2012 by the Korea NSSC （Nuclear Safety and Security Commission）. This marks the first license for an integral-type reactor in the world. This paper presents the SMART characteristics, safety features and technology validation. The licensing process of SMART is also described.

Recent Advances to Change the Standards in Designing Hulls in Waves, a Validation Using an Efficient SWENSE Level-Set Approach

This paper presents recent naval applications of the SWENSE （Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations） approach implemented for the first time with high order fully unstructured schemes and an efficient level-set method to capture free surface flows around realistic hull geometries. Numerical simulations in waves and/or viscous flows still lead generally to very large CPU times because of grid requirements to ensure a good propagation of incident waves in the meshed part of the fluid domain that makes unreachable any hull design optimization process in an industrial context. Furthermore, even if the SWENSE method clearly shows promising results in an academic context in both regular and irregular waves, the most recent publications still highlight several issues that remain unresolved up to now, e.g. poor scalability, diffusive wake pattern, non-versatile structured mesh approaches and only very few validation test cases are carried out on Wigley or DTMB 5415 hulls. In order to overcome those numerical difficulties and get an in-depth validation of the method on several cases in realistic wave conditions, a two and a half years＇ research project has been achieved involving several steps, starting by a set of dedicated model test experiments later used as reference for the validation of the method. The CFD commercial code ANANASTM used and developed in this research program is presented and validated in detail. The use of high order schemes on unstructured grids in combination with these SWENSE method and level-set approach offer to the maritime industry an innovative and state of the art method to achieve unequaled accuracy, low computation time and some unique advantages such as, amongst others, the end of the numerical wave propagation problems. The results of the validation were pleasing and can be considered as acceptable in general, with some challenges remaining to the solyed. Results obtained indicate that an optimization processes in waves in realistic conditions is now affordable in an industrial context.

3-16 Radiological Safety Analyses of Spallation Target in Designed China ADS

Spallation target represents one of the most challenging components in accelerator driven systems (ADS) sinceit is the component coupling the accelerator and the sub-critical core. It is subjected to bombardment of intenseproton beam and very high thermal load in a strong radiation field. The irradiated LBE target poses severe handlingproblems for the maintenance staff and other scientists due to its residual activity[1]. To assist the design of ADS, thegeneral radiological safety aspects of lead, lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and tungsten spallation target were studiedwith MCNPX 2.7 code[2]. The spallation target was irradiated by a 250 MeV, 10 mA proton beam produced bya linear proton accelerator. The neutron yield, neutron spectrum, residual production and time evolution for theirradiated target were analyzed.

Siemens 808D advanced数控系统在YKS5132J插齿机上的设计与实现

为了满足客户在YKS5132J插齿机上对特殊系统功能的要求,我们采用Siemens 808D advanced新一代数控系统,通过电气控制设计,配置Siemens 808D advanced机床数据参数,优化PLC代码以及完善G代码加工程序等,完成客户的需求设计。通过现场插齿机试切验证,实现了客户所提出的功能需求。

基于ADS软件的射频功率放大器仿真实现

介绍了功率放大器的设计参数和仿真过程,提出了一种在ADS环境下仿真和设计功放的方法,通过实例给出了仿真结果,并与测试结果进行了比较。

基于ADS的无线接收机数模混合系统级仿真

采用自顶向下的方法,设计了工作于L波段的宽带无线接收机。该接收机采用数模混合的weaver结构。构造了接收机模拟前端和数字基带的各个功能模块,并用ADS(AdvancedDesignSystem)软件完成了接收链路的系统级混合信号仿真。

一种基于ADS优化的微带带通滤波器设计及实现

介绍微带带通滤波器ADS全局优化设计方法及其设计流程,重点阐述ADS设计流程中的参数优化、器件仿真、矩量法分析等相关内容。微带带通滤波器实物的性能测试表明:通带传输衰减小于2.5dB,端口反射系数小于-15dB,阻带衰减接近40dB,其物理尺寸约8×2.5×1.5cm,基于ADS优化的微带带通滤波器设计优于传统设计。

基于SystemVue和ADS的微波电路设计实验教学研究

随着信息技术的高速发展,电子设备的工作频率日益提高。作为通信系统中的重要组成部分,微波电路的设计攸关重要。在设计中将微波电路与通信系统设计协同考虑,将有利于设计者从系统设计的角度,优化系统架构,协调基带和射频系统之间的指标分配等要求。采用SystemVue和ADS(Advanced Design System)两个仿真软件,可以在进行系统仿真的前提下,对其中的微波系统及单元电路进行设计,从而满足系统的设计需要。这种实验教学方法,兼顾了基带信号的处理和射频收发系统的各项指标需求,有利于学生进一步深入理解系统构成和微波电路的工作原理及在系统中的作用,从而培养学生的综合设计、研究和创新能力。

基于ADS的平行耦合微带线带通滤波器的设计及优化

介绍一种借助ADS(Advanced Design System)软件进行设计和优化平行耦合微带线带通滤波器的方法,给出了清晰的设计步骤,最后结合设计方法利用ADS给出一个中心频率为2.6GHz,带宽为200MHz的微带带通滤波器的设计及优化实例和仿真结果,并进一步给出电路版图Momentum仿真结果。仿真结果表明:这种方法是可行的,满足设计的要求。