Evaluation of Fabric Hand with Grey Element Model

A premium composite grey element model is established and used for objective evaluation of fabric hand. Fabric hand is regarded as a grey system and the model is composed of fabric mechanical properties, which are primary hand attributes. Based on comparison with a standard model, fabric hand can be objectively evaluated.

Expert Anti-Evaluation Model Based on Matter-Element Analysis in Fund Project Peer-Review System

The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.

Application of matter-element analysis based on entropy right to evaluate the pavement condition in permafrost region

Evaluation of pavement performance is one of the most important issues in a pavement-management system.By employing the concept of entropy,the matter-element model for evaluating pavement is established,and the weights of the evaluation indices are obtained from sur-veying data.By calculating the degree of dependence of the matter-element model,the pavement performance evaluation can be obtained by this method.The results show that the matter-element model based on entropy right has good performance for evaluating the pavement condition in permafrost region.

Reservoir water effects on earthquake performance evaluation of Torul Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dam

This study presents earthquake performance analysis of the Torul Concrete-Faced Rockfill （CFR） Dam with two-dimensional dam-soil and dam-soil-reservoir finite element models. The Lagrangian approach was used with fluid elements to model impounded water. The interface elements were used to simulate the slippage between the concrete face slab and the rockfill. The horizontal component of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake, with a peak ground acceleration of 0.515g, was considered in time-history analysis. The Drucker-Prager model was preferred in nonlinear analysis of the concrete slab, rockfill and foundation soil. The maximum principal stresses and the maximum displacements in two opposite directions were compared by the height of the concrete slab according to linear time-history analysis to reveal the effect of reservoir water. The changes of critical displacements and principal stresses with time are also shown in this paper. According to linear and nonlinear time-history analysis, the effect of the reservoir water on the earthquake performance of the Torul CFR Dam was investigated and the possible damage situation was examined. The results show that the hydrodynamic pressure of reservoir water leads to an increase in the maximum displacements and principal stresses of the dam and reduces the earthquake performance of the dam. Although the linear time-history analysis demonstrates that the earthquake causes a momentous damage to the concrete slab of the Torul CFR Dam, the nonlinear time-history analysis shows that no evident damage occurs in either reservoir case.

Adaptability evaluation of transportation system and urban development

Sixty indexes, ranging from social development and economy increasing to ecological protection and transportation system construction, are chosen to construct an index system of adaptability evaluation on transportation system and urban development. A synthesis model with nonlinear characteristic is proposed, and the corresponding procedure is presented based on an improved AHP model, which utilizes the SVD method to improve the required precision of matrix with acceptable consistency weight and detect and amend the significant elements via distance and proximity so as to improve the whole consistency. Taking Shandong Province for the case study, experimental results indicate that the adaptability degree of the system is in an increasing state, which provides robust and effective support for decision-makers working on a range of problems and in various circumstances.

Surface-mounted bender elements for measuring horizontal shear wave velocity of soils

The bender element testing features its in-plane directivity, which allows using bender elements to measure the shear wave velocities in a wider range of in-plane configurations besides the standard tip-to-tip alignment. This paper proposed a novel bender element testing technique for measuring the horizontal shear wave velocity of soils, where the bender elements are surface- mounted and the axes of the source and receiver elements are parallel to each other. The preliminary tests performed on model ground of silica sand showed that, by properly determining the travel distance and time of the shear waves, the surface-mounted bender elements can perform as accurately as the conventional "tip-to-tip" configuration. Potentially, the present system provides a promising nondestructive tool for characterizing geomaterials and site conditions both in laboratory and in the fields.

3-D Modelling of the Confederation Bridge Using Data of Full Scale Tests

Long-span bridges are special structures that require advanced analysis techniques to examine their performance. This paper presents a procedure developed to model the Confederation Bridge using 3-D beam elements. The model was validated using the data collected before the opening of the bridge to the public. The bridge was instrumented to conduct fullscale static and dynamic tests. The static tests were to measure the deflection of the bridge pier while the dynamic tests to measure the free vibrations of the pier due to a sudden release of the static load. Confederation Bridge is one of the longest reinforced concrete bridges in the world. It connects the province of Prince Edward Island and the province of New Brunswick in Canada. Due to its strategic location and vital role as a transportation link between these two provinces, it was designed using higher safety factors than those for typical highway bridges. After validating the present numerical model, a procedure was developed to evaluate the performance of similar bridges subjected to traffic and seismic loads. It is of interest to note that the foundation stiffness and the modulus of elasticity of the concrete have significant effects on the structural responses of the Confederation Bridge.

基于云物元的寒区公路绿色施工评价体系研究

脆弱性冻土生态环境与寒区公路建设存在复杂的博弈关系,二者相互制约、相互影响,为践行绿色低碳公路的战略目标,科学构建一套寒区公路绿色施工评价体系,是十分迫切且重要的。鉴于此,文章基于文献调查法和德尔菲法进行寒区公路绿色施工评价指标体系的构建,运用改进的三标度层次分析法对评价指标权重进行确定,将云模型引入到物元可拓评价模型,建立各评价指标正态云评价语言云参数,实现模糊性指标评价语言从定性到定量的转换,通过MATLAB多次仿真计算评价指标与各评价等级间隶属度,运用最大隶属度原则判断寒区公路绿色施工评价等级。对黑龙江省多年冻土区呼玛至十八站段公路项目进行绿色施工评价,得到“Ⅳ”级评价结果,绿色施工发展态势较好。对比模型计算结果与项目实际绿色施工情况得,绿色施工模型评价结果与项目绿色施工实际开展状况相吻合,证实了建立的指标体系与评价模型的科学合理性,可为同类寒区公路项目开展绿色施工评价提供一定的借鉴。

基于AHP-熵权-可拓学的高校建筑电气节能评价

针对高校能源消耗过高以及浪费严重的问题,提出了一种基于层次分析法、熵权法与可拓学理论融合的高校校园建筑电气节能评价模型。运用可拓学理念,给出了用于评估电气节能性能的物元模型;建立电源节能、电网节能、负荷节能、建筑体系节能为准则的评价体系,选取12个评价指标并引入层次分析法与熵权法计算各评价指标的权重;结合所建立的物元模型构建经典域、节域完成关联度计算。以某高校为例,利用所构建的评价模型完成对其建筑电气节能空间的评价,得到该高校校园建筑电气节能空间为中等级别,其级别特征值为2.90,结果表明其仍存在较大的节能空间,最后根据评价结果提出相应的改进措施。

基于前因因素的建筑工人安全行为评价模型与应用

建筑项目中的事故主要与建筑工人的不安全行为有关,因此对建筑工人安全行为进行事前评价是预防事故发生的关键。首先通过文献可视化分析初步筛选建筑工人安全行为前因因素,结合专家意见构建建筑工人安全行为评价的指标体系;然后采用群决策改进的层次分析法确定各评价指标的综合权重,并建立可拓物元评价模型;最后对某施工项目建筑工人安全行为进行评价与分析,以验证模型的合理性和可靠性。结果表明:建筑工人安全行为评价指标中安全意识所占权重较高,是事故预防的重要因素;实例应用结果表明该项目建筑工人总体安全行为等级处于“Ⅲ级”为一般安全,说明该项目施工作业人员整体处于比较安全的水平;建筑工人个体安全行为的维度指标评价结果为正态分布或偏正态分布,表明该评价模型能够有效识别建筑工人的安全行为水平,可为建筑安全管理的研究和实践提供参考。

基于综合赋权与云熵优化的园区综合能源系统评价

综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)作为能源转型中的重要环节已得到越来越多国家的广泛关注。构建一套匹配中国国情的综合能源系统评价体系和评价方法不仅能够为综合能源系统规划后评价打下基础,以此对规划方案进行优劣排序;还能够提高综合能源系统项目的管理水平,在制定统一、完整的综合能源系统综合评价标准时提供参考。为此,首先结合园区IES基本特征以及运行特性,构建包含经济性、可靠性、环保性以及智能友好性4个方面的综合评价指标体系;然后为解决IES在运行中的不确定性问题,对基于传统云物元模型的综合评价体系提出云熵优化,即考虑不同评价者对模糊性的可接受程度;为解决单一赋权方法可能导致的评价结果过于主观或过于客观的问题,选择基于最小鉴别信息原理将决策实验室法与熵权法相结合的综合赋权法,并采用变权法进一步完善综合评价指标;最后通过算例分析,验证所提综合评价体系的科学正确性。

基于物元法的地铁工程绿色施工评价研究

为评价地铁工程的绿色施工程度,进一步推动地铁可持续发展,文章从环境保护、资源节约与利用、绿色施工技术及方法、综合管理4个方面构建地铁工程绿色施工评价体系。该评价体系包括17个评价指标,将评价指标量化分值区间划分为4个,并确定各区间对应的评判标准。基于物元法构建地铁工程绿色施工评价模型,通过对评价指标进行量化处理,确定指标的经典域、节域等参数,计算关联度和综合关联度,从而确定评价指标以及地铁工程绿色施工等级。通过地铁工程实例对基于物元法的地铁工程绿色施工评价模型进行应用,研究结果表明基于物元法的地铁工程绿色施工评价模型可以科学合理的评价地铁工程的绿色施工程度。

我国百年住宅全生命周期可持续性评价

以推进我国百年住宅的应用与发展为根本目的,对其进行全生命周期可持续性评价。结合国内外已有的可持续性评估体系及相关标准规范,选取人口、资源和环境3个方面的评价指标。采用COWA算子为评价指标赋权重,并结合云物元理论,建立百年住宅全生命周期可持续性评价模型。通过对具体案例进行实证分析,结果表明该评价方法具有一定的可行性及科学性,为百年住宅的进一步发展与推广提供依据。

考虑生态限制的内河港口岸线等级评价研究

为明晰港口岸线的优劣情况,给港口开发及整合提供参考,提出了一种考虑生态限制条件的港口岸线等级评价方法。首先,选取自然条件、社会经济、交通发展等3个方面的12个指标,借助物元可拓模型进行港口岸线资源等级初评。然后,以生态限制条件为减分因素对初评结果进行修正,得出岸线等级可划分为4类:一级规划岸线、二级规划岸线、三级规划岸线、四级规划岸线。其中,一级规划岸线最适宜建设深水港,二级规划岸线适宜建港,三级规划岸线和四级规划岸线不宜建港。最后,基于长江重庆段五段不同岸线的数据进行案例分析,分析结果表明:评价结果与实际情况基本一致;改进的等级评价指标、定性定量相结合的方法能够提高评价结果的准确性;将生态因素作为限制条件从综合评价中独立出来进行等级结果修正能够有效避免岸线开发利用时侵占生态资源。

高原生态保护区内公路施工期地表水评价模型

为了解高原生态保护区内公路施工期造成的地表水环境污染问题,并为施工单位及时掌握地表水环境变化情况提供一定的数据依据及支撑。对公路施工期地表水环境污染源进行分析,选取对于高原生态保护区污染特征具有针对性的水质评价指标因子,建立基于熵权-可拓物元理论的地表水环境评价模型,并结合实际工程验证其适用性及准确性。研究结果表明:①选取石油类、高锰酸盐指数、悬浮物(SS)、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、总磷(TP)和溶氧量(DO)等6个水质评价指标因子建立评价体系,可以综合反应公路施工期对高原生态保护区地表水环境的影响;②在实际工程应用中,基于熵权-可拓物元理论的地表水环境评价模型得到的分级结果,与单因子指数法及灰色加权关联度法得到的分级结果吻合率达70%及90%,说明该方法具有一定的适用性及准确性。

石油天然气行业科技成果评价体系构建与评价方法优化

科技成果评价是科技奖励的核心工作之一,其评价结果对科技奖励的最终决策有着重要的作用。但长期以来国内的科技成果评价工作面临评价指标盲目套用、评价过程中个人价值与科学道德精神缺乏规范统一等方面的诸多问题。为此,以石油天然气行业科技成果评价工作为例,建立了一套考虑科学、技术、经济、社会价值的科技成果评价体系,并进行了权重赋值,最后通过项目实例来验证了方法的可靠性。研究结果表明:①构建的石油天然气行业科技成果评价指标体系包含4个一级指标、16个二级指标,并根据基础研究、应用研究、技术开发和产业化、软科学4类成果侧重不同,对一级指标分别赋值,以反映科技项目的研究性质和产出成果价值的差异;②在同行评议机制下,兼顾专家在科技成果所属研究方向的专业性以及专家与科技成果主体间的竞争性,基于直觉模糊理论建立了石油天然气科技成果评价模型,从专家对成果熟知度与专业匹配程度、专家评价一致性以及客观公正性3方面综合修正专家打分,有效消除专家评价中各种主观因素的干扰。结论认为,建立的石油天然气行业科技成果评价体系能够全面真实评价科技成果的创新水平和应用价值,兼顾科技成果普遍特点和石油天然气行业科技成果的独特性,其认识和成果可为其他行业科技成果评价提供参考和借鉴。

基于优化组合赋权的可拓学磷矿山岩体质量评价

为解决岩体质量评价相邻等级之间指标参数模糊不确定性问题,引入可拓学理论,提出基于优化组合赋权的可拓学岩体质量分级模型,对昆阳二矿磷矿山地下开采的岩石进行质量评价。首先,根据矿山地质特征选取岩石单轴饱和抗压强度(Rc)、岩石质量指标(RQD)、节理间距(Jd)、结构面条件(Jf)、地下水状态(W)和地应力影响系数(Z)6个影响指标,将每个指标划分为5个等级;然后通过改进的层次分析法和熵权法分别确定指标的主观和客观权重,引入矩估计法对主客观权重进行优化组合;最后应用修正的RMR法和Q系统法对岩体质量进行评价,将分级结果与基于优化组合赋权的可拓学岩体质量分级结果进行比较。研究表明:5个待评价岩体中,除上矿体N3的模型分级结果与修正RMR法存在差异之外,其余岩体的分级结果与修正RMR法相同,使用Q系统法的评价结果整体偏低。此外,该模型可得出岩体质量等级偏向于相邻等级的程度,分级结果符合昆阳二矿磷矿山生产勘探地质报告岩体质量范围,比修正RMR法和Q系统法更加准确,验证了本文方法的可靠性,为地下矿山开采提供了技术支撑。

基于物元可拓模型的天然气开发项目后评价研究

为探索更加科学合理的天然气开发项目后评价方法,进一步提升项目投资管理能力。运用层次分析法,结合天然气开发项目后评价特点与基本要求,从前期准备、实施过程和实施效果三个维度构建评价指标体系,并建立物元可拓后评价模型。以Y项目为例,验证该模型的有效性,结果表明物元可拓模型在天然气开发项目后评价中具有操作性强、计算简便、结果精准等优势,可为后续天然气开发项目后评价工作提供参考。

重庆南川区大佛岩铝土矿床有益元素分布特征及可利用性评价

为了理清重庆市南川区大佛岩铝土矿床有益组分分布特征及伴生元素可利用性,本文通过剖面测量、实地调查和样品分析等工作方法,对南川区大佛岩铝土矿床及其伴生元素的分布特征进行了深入研究,并建立了矿产资源可利用性评价模型。Ga质量分数高值区呈北东向和近南北向分布,中西部Ga质量分数高,北东部Ga质量分数较低。Li质量分数在梁山组中上部最高,最高为致密状铝土矿,其次为铝土岩,土状铝土矿中较低。Li的富集与铝土岩的关系较为密切。稀土元素的富集部位更容易出现于赋矿地层底部。评价模型对矿区铝土矿资源的评价结果为可利用。在开发利用铝土矿资源的过程中,可以考虑回收利用Ga元素。但是,由于Li、Sc、REE元素受到选冶技术和选矿成本等因素的限制,现阶段回收利用技术上虽然可行,但经济性存在瓶颈。因此,在开发利用铝土矿资源的同时,还需要探索更经济的回收利用技术,以提高资源的利用率。本文所建立的评价模型结合了评价指标体系,可为铝土矿资源的利用和评价提供科学参考,同时也为其他矿产资源的评价提供借鉴。当然,对于评价指标的选择和权重的确定需要根据不同的矿产资源和应用场景进行调整、优化,才能更好地满足实际需求。