Enhancing AI System Privacy:An Automatic Tool for Achieving GDPR Compliance in NoSQL Databases

The EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act(AI Act)imposes requirements for the privacy compliance of AI systems.AI systems must comply with privacy laws such as the GDPR when providing services.These laws provide users with the right to issue a Data Subject Access Request(DSAR).Responding to such requests requires database administrators to identify information related to an individual accurately.However,manual compliance poses significant challenges and is error-prone.Database administrators need to write queries through time-consuming labor.The demand for large amounts of data by AI systems has driven the development of NoSQL databases.Due to the flexible schema of NoSQL databases,identifying personal information becomes even more challenging.This paper develops an automated tool to identify personal information that can help organizations respond to DSAR.Our tool employs a combination of various technologies,including schema extraction of NoSQL databases and relationship identification from query logs.We describe the algorithm used by our tool,detailing how it discovers and extracts implicit relationships from NoSQL databases and generates relationship graphs to help developers accurately identify personal data.We evaluate our tool on three datasets,covering different database designs,achieving an F1 score of 0.77 to 1.Experimental results demonstrate that our tool successfully identifies information relevant to the data subject.Our tool reduces manual effort and simplifies GDPR compliance,showing practical application value in enhancing the privacy performance of NOSQL databases and AI systems.

Bias in Generative AI Systems:A 3-Layer Response and Liability Determination

The risk of bias is widely noticed in the entire process of generative artificial intelligence(generative AI)systems.To protect the rights of the public and improve the effectiveness of AI regulations,feasible measures to address the bias problem in the context of large data should be proposed as soon as possible.Since bias originates in every part and various aspects of AI product lifecycles,laws and technical measures should consider each of these layers and take different causes of bias into account,from data training,modeling,and application design.The Interim Measures for the Administration of Generative AI Service(the Interim Measures),formulated by the Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission(CAC)and other departments have taken the initiatives to govern AI.However,it lacks specific details on issues such as how to prevent the risk of bias and reduce the effect of bias in decision-making.The Interim Measures also fail to take causes of bias into account,and several principles must be further interpreted.Meanwhile,regulations on generative AI at the global level are still in their early stages.By forming a governance framework,this paper could provide the community with useful experiences and play a leading role.The framework includes at least three parts:first,determining the realm of governance and unifying related concepts;second,developing measures for different layers to identify the causes and specific aspects of bias;third,identifying parties with the skills to take responsibility for detecting bias intrusions and proposing a program for the allocation of liabilities among the large-scale platform developers.

An Anti-Poisoning Attack Method for Distributed AI System

In distributed AI system, the models trained on data from potentially unreliable sources can be attacked by manipulating the training data distribution by inserting carefully crafted samples into the training set, which is known as Data Poisoning. Poisoning will to change the model behavior and reduce model performance. This paper proposes an algorithm that gives an improvement of both efficiency and security for data poisoning in a distributed AI system. The past methods of active defense often have a large number of invalid checks, which slows down the operation efficiency of the whole system. While passive defense also has problems of missing data and slow detection of error source. The proposed algorithm establishes the suspect hypothesis level to test and extend the verification of data packets and estimates the risk of terminal data. It can enhance the health degree of a distributed AI system by preventing the occurrence of poisoning attack and ensuring the efficiency and safety of the system operation.

Orientation and Decision-Making for Soccer Based on Sports Analytics and AI:A Systematic Review

Due to ever-growing soccer data collection approaches and progressing artificial intelligence(AI) methods, soccer analysis, evaluation, and decision-making have received increasing interest from not only the professional sports analytics realm but also the academic AI research community. AI brings gamechanging approaches for soccer analytics where soccer has been a typical benchmark for AI research. The combination has been an emerging topic. In this paper, soccer match analytics are taken as a complete observation-orientation-decision-action(OODA) loop.In addition, as in AI frameworks such as that for reinforcement learning, interacting with a virtual environment enables an evolving model. Therefore, both soccer analytics in the real world and virtual domains are discussed. With the intersection of the OODA loop and the real-virtual domains, available soccer data, including event and tracking data, and diverse orientation and decisionmaking models for both real-world and virtual soccer matches are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, some promising directions in this interdisciplinary area are pointed out. It is claimed that paradigms for both professional sports analytics and AI research could be combined. Moreover, it is quite promising to bridge the gap between the real and virtual domains for soccer match analysis and decision-making.

AI-Driven Learning Management Systems:Modern Developments, Challenges and Future Trends during theAge of ChatGPT

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the virus.The foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools,colleges,and universities.The education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this time.Many shortcomings of Learning Management Systems(LMSs)were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence(AI)based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of LMSs.This paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs,which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user experience.The AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources,including AI-based chatbots.Session layer enhancements are also required,such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using Biometrics.These extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of AI-algorithms.It also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features,the Virtual Private Network(VPN)feature,and the support of Software-Defined Networks(SDN)for optimum Quality of Service(QoS).Finally,in addition to these,non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics.

Personalized Health Monitoring Systems: Integrating Wearable and AI

The integration of wearable technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare, enabling advanced personal health monitoring systems. This article explores the transformative impact of wearable technologies and AI on healthcare, highlighting the development and theoretical application of the Integrated Personal Health Monitoring System (IPHMS). By integrating data from various wearable devices, such as smartphones, Apple Watches, and Oura Rings, the IPHMS framework aims to revolutionize personal health monitoring through real-time alerts, comprehensive tracking, and personalized insights. Despite its potential, the practical implementation faces challenges, including data privacy, system interoperability, and scalability. The evolution of healthcare technology from traditional methods to AI-enhanced wearables underscores a significant advancement towards personalized care, necessitating further research and innovation to address existing limitations and fully realize the benefits of such integrated health monitoring systems.

AI赋能视角下的信息行为研究--2023年信息行为研究年会综述

2023年12月23—24日,2023年信息行为研究年会在北京大学召开,来自全国70多所高校的200余位知名专家学者和学生参加了会议。本次年会以“AI赋能视角下的信息行为研究”为主题,设置了主旨报告、专题讨论、海报展示、分论坛报告、眼动追踪工作坊等环节,围绕信息行为研究领域在新一代人工智能(AI)技术浪潮下的理论创新、方法应用、情境拓展、人本关怀、社会发展等方面进行深入研讨。文章综述了与会者的学术成果与主要观点,为信息行为研究的发展与创新提供理论启迪与研究指引。

用户知识问答转移行为研究:从问答社区到生成式AI

[研究目的]作为一类新兴应用,生成式AI在知识问答领域吸引了众多用户,这可能导致传统的知识问答社区用户流失,因此研究用户转移行为对提高知识问答社区用户粘性来说至关重要。[研究方法]基于PPM(推-拉-锚)模型,整合认知和情感体验因素,研究了用户的知识问答转移行为。对收集的483份有效数据采用混合方法包括结构方程模型(SEM)和模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)进行分析。[研究结论]研究结果发现,转移意愿受推力因素(信息过载、社区倦怠)、拉力因素(感知拟人度、感知准确度、感知可信度、沉浸体验)和锚定因素(社会影响)的综合影响。fsQCA识别出了三条导致转移意愿的主要路径。研究结果启示问答社区需降低信息过载,缓解用户的社区倦怠,从而实现用户保持和平台可持续发展。

生成式AI视域下智慧图书馆建设的关键路径

[目的/意义]智慧图书馆已经成为当今图书馆学界和业界最热门的主题之一。智慧图书馆建设的理论研究与实践工作已经取得了初步成效,生成式AI也在蓬勃发展的同时参与到各行各业的建设中。因此有必要立足当下发展,放眼远景目标,确定生成式AI参与智慧图书馆建设的策略。[方法/过程]本文从智慧图书馆空间升级、服务打造、业务重组、人才培养、体系建设5个方面阐明了生成式AI视域下智慧图书馆建设的关键路径。[结果/结论]关键路径研究将为生成式AI引入智慧图书馆下一阶段的建设工作提供借鉴与依据。

AI赋能的大学计算机通识教育的体系化改革探索

近年来,以人工智能(AI)、大数据和元宇宙为代表的新一代信息技术迅速发展,并与各类学科不断交叉融合,引发了一系列的革命性突破。如何与时俱进地培养大学生的数字化、智能化信息素养,大学计算机通识教育面临巨大挑战。提出了一套AI赋能的大学计算机通识教育新体系,从学生的能力目标出发,创建了融合计算与智能的大学计算机通识教育知识体系,设计了面向“四新”专业的“宽、专、融”的大学计算机通识教育课程体系,提出了编程贯通、大模型驱动的“多模式”实践教学方案,构建了包括“认知、设计、创新”的三梯度实践教学体系,重构了贯通计算与智能的大学计算机通识教育基础教材。

Sora的职业影响:知识工作者应对AI核心技能替代的策略

AIGC技术的快速发展使人类独有的核心技能逐渐被AI突破和替代,这一趋势给知识工作者带来了前所未有的挑战和焦虑。文章分析OpenAI最新发布的Sora视频生成模型引发的岗位替代威胁,探讨知识工作者应对挑战的策略:采用“人在环中”(HITL)的工作策略、促进多AI智能体之间的协作、利用AI工具学习和掌握新的AI知识和技能,助力知识工作者既能维持职场竞争力,又能探索和创造AI时代新的工作机会。

数字化转型下AI课堂观察系统使用对师生课堂行为的影响——基于W中学412节课例的循证研究

当前,课堂教学的数字化转型实践和应用正如火如荼,但师生可能因习惯于传统教学环境而对新技术的引入产生抵触情绪,从而影响数字化转型的成效。对此,文章以武汉市W中学七年级四个班的412节课例为研究样本,通过前后测实验设计,对比了AI课堂观察系统投入使用前后师生的课堂行为变化情况、不同特征(包括科目、职称、性别)教师的课堂行为差异,结果发现:AI课堂观察系统对师生课堂行为有一定的影响,且这种影响会随着时间的推移而减弱;AI课堂观察系统对不同特征教师产生了不同程度的影响。文章的研究揭示了课堂教学数字化转型面临的实践挑战,可为课堂教学创新的科学管理提供理论支撑和实践参考。

智媒时代AI赋能互动叙事的传播策略探析

智媒时代,技术革新推动媒体叙事呈现开放多元新态势,对传统叙事语言带来冲击,互动叙事形态构成的媒体传播迎来新的机遇与挑战。在探求智媒体中互动叙事传播形态的基础上,本文阐述以智能生成、动态交互、辅助优化为要素的媒体产业传播策略,从情感传递性、参与体验感等方面进行拓展性思考,探讨人工智能助力下媒体生产与传播策略融合的价值,以期为互动叙事研究架构提供理论延展,拓宽智媒体传播策略研究的思路与方法。

AI涌现:国际传播生态新物种、新范式和新秩序

以Chat GPT为代表的生成式AI进入国际传播生态,兼具生产者和消费者双重身份,成为传播新物种。人机共存、人机共有、人机共创将是国际传播的新面向。生成式AI在与既有传播主体的碰撞与融合中,催生了国际传播新范式,但同时也伴随着虚假信息泛滥、技术发展失衡和违背伦理法规等风险。因此,国际传播的新秩序亟待重构,从全方位提升国际传播主体能力、多层次多角度展开叙事内容和全过程治理传播等方向构建新秩序或是可行之路。

以ChatGPT为代表的AI技术与高等教育的深度融合

随着人工智能技术飞速发展,以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能技术已经逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。旨在探讨ChatGPT技术与高等教育的深度融合研究,分析其对高等教育的影响和挑战,并提出相应的解决方案。首先,介绍了ChatGPT技术的基本原理和特点,包括其语言生成模型的构建、预训练和优化等;然后,通过分析ChatGPT技术在高等教育中的应用场景,如智能教育、在线教学、个性化推荐等,探讨了其对高等教育的影响和挑战;最后,提出了一些解决方案,比如加强ChatGPT技术与高等教育的深度融合、建立完善的教育监管机制等,以应对ChatGPT技术在高等教育中面临的挑战。

AI人机交互用户个性化推荐中隐私信息披露影响因素研究

[目的/意义]以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能的发展为人机交互带来颠覆性影响,也为数据安全与个人信息保护带来更大的冲击与挑战。对AI人机交互用户个性化推荐中隐私信息披露及个人信息保护问题的研究将具有重要的实践价值与意义。[方法/过程]文章通过对15名AI人机交互平台用户进行深度访谈,运用扎根理论研究方法进行编码分析,识别AI人机交互用户个性化推荐中隐私信息披露所涉及的个人信息类型和敏感信息类型,并对用户的隐私意识和影响用户隐私信息披露意愿的客观因素进行分析,进而提出加强隐私信息披露风险规制及个人信息安全保障的对策建议。[结果/结论]基于编码结果,将AI人机交互用户个性化推荐中隐私信息披露的影响因素归纳为用户因素、平台因素、社会环境因素、隐私权衡因素4个维度,以此建构理论分析模型,并作为强化AI人机交互用户个性化推荐中隐私信息披露风险规制及个人信息保护的重要指引。

AI时代电商平台“通知-删除”规则的价值重塑及司法实现

电商平台的知识产权治理已成为全球电子商务持续健康发展的共同议题。我国逐步确立的电商平台“通知-删除”规则是电子商务的基础性法律规则,对于打击电子商务中的知识产权侵权行为具有重要意义。但源于法律规则的确定性和模糊性矛盾、知识产权的竞争性和差异性要求、商业主体的天然逐利性烙印、技术迭代更新的不确定性等因素,电商平台“通知-删除”规则内部也存在局限,给知识产权治理带来一些挑战。伴随AI时代的到来,以算法、区块链等为代表的新一代信息通信技术在为电子商务带来新的机会的同时,也引发了新的风险,对电商平台“通知-删除”规则的适用构成新挑战,主要表现为:规则的私人执法模式颠覆、规则运行处于“盲盒”状态、规则适用的事实基础已丧失。在AI时代应对这些挑战,无论是立法建议还是司法对策,首要前提是发现并重塑规则价值:追求安全、利益平衡、多元共治。司法实践中,应以重塑的三种优先价值为目标,把握有效实现的司法路径:一是遵循司法适用的配套原则;二是发挥指导性案例的作用;三是把握知识产权治理的力度;四是防止限缩解释的司法滥用。

AIGC背景下期刊出版的应对措施

为了应对生成式人工智能(AIGC)对期刊出版产生的影响,采用文献研究法、经验总结法等,研究AIGC的技术原理,分析AIGC对期刊内容创作、编辑与审稿、评价与管理等环节的影响,揭示AIGC在提升效率、优化质量、加强管理方面的潜在优势。研究认为,在AIGC背景下,为了更好地适应新的技术潮流,期刊出版应重视加强AIGC技术在期刊出版行业的应用研究,培养具有AIGC技能的期刊出版人才,优化期刊出版的业务流程与管理模式,制定适应AIGC发展的政策与法规。研究结果表明,新技术的应用将为科学研究的传播创造有利条件,在新的技术浪潮中,期刊出版业将迎来更为高效和智能的发展。

人工智能与舞蹈:“AI+”的身体美学构建

后人类时代,人工智能技术为艺术发展提供新的条件和可能性,使舞蹈艺术的“身体—科技”审美意象在舞者、场景与观众的“具身”或“离身”交互、虚实相生中得以构建。AI的参与增强了舞蹈艺术的体验性,并为舞蹈艺术带来超越性,使得“身体—未来”的意义在由元宇宙所创建的身体“E托邦”世界里生成。当代舞剧的“后人类叙事”讲述了中国式现代化的爱情、亲情故事,蕴含着中国式的浪漫,使“身体—叙事”的想象在中国式的“后人类叙事”中重组。

生成式AI影响下的艺术媒介本体论转向

以Midjourney为代表的生成式AI模型中的“文字转图像”(Text-to-image)技术正在被广泛应用,其崭新的交互方式向大众宣告了生成式AI带领当代艺术步入“艺术大众化”时代。生成式AI技术影响下的艺术传播媒介发生了巨大变迁。艺术媒介已不仅具有“材料”“媒材”“质料”等传统属性,艺术传播的媒介环境从“再现”走向“再生产”;艺术媒介从“聚块”(Agglomerations)的传播模式发展为多元形态,在分散且广泛的“灰色媒介”中,艺术媒介的“物质性”被关注;人机艺术传播中的“媒介在场”和“社会在场”共同建构社会景观,塑造社会现实。