Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machin...Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machine learning framework(AutoGluon).A total of 2241 landslides were identified from satellite images before and after the rainfall event,and 10 impact factors including elevation,slope,aspect,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),topographic wetness index(TWI),lithology,land cover,distance to roads,distance to rivers,and rainfall were selected as indicators.The WeightedEnsemble model,which is an ensemble of 13 basic machine learning models weighted together,was used to output the landslide hazard assessment results.The results indicate that landslides mainly occurred in the central part of the study area,especially in Hetian and Shanghu.Totally 102.44 s were spent to train all the models,and the ensemble model WeightedEnsemble has an Area Under the Curve(AUC)value of92.36%in the test set.In addition,14.95%of the study area was determined to be at very high hazard,with a landslide density of 12.02 per square kilometer.This study serves as a significant reference for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and land use planning in Luhe County.展开更多
Model mismatches can cause multi-dimensional uncertainties for the receding horizon control strategies of automated vehicles(AVs).The uncertainties may lead to potentially hazardous behaviors when the AV tracks ideal ...Model mismatches can cause multi-dimensional uncertainties for the receding horizon control strategies of automated vehicles(AVs).The uncertainties may lead to potentially hazardous behaviors when the AV tracks ideal trajectories that are individually optimized by the AV's planning layer.To address this issue,this study proposes a safe motion planning and control(SMPAC)framework for AVs.For the control layer,a dynamic model including multi-dimensional uncertainties is established.A zonotopic tube-based robust model predictive control scheme is proposed to constrain the uncertain system in a bounded minimum robust positive invariant set.A flexible tube with varying cross-sections is constructed to reduce the controller conservatism.For the planning layer,a concept of safety sets,representing the geometric boundaries of the ego vehicle and obstacles under uncertainties,is proposed.The safety sets provide the basis for the subsequent evaluation and ranking of the generated trajectories.An efficient collision avoidance algorithm decides the desired trajectory through the intersection detection of the safety sets between the ego vehicle and obstacles.A numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiment validate the effectiveness and real-time performance of the SMPAC.The result of two driving scenarios indicates that the SMPAC can guarantee the safety of automated driving under multi-dimensional uncertainties.展开更多
This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product’s comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities,generating applicable guidelines based on real-world sof...This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product’s comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities,generating applicable guidelines based on real-world software.The existing analysis of software security vulnerabilities often focuses on specific features or modules.This partial and arbitrary analysis of the security vulnerabilities makes it challenging to comprehend the overall security vulnerabilities of the software.The key novelty lies in overcoming the constraints of partial approaches.The proposed framework utilizes data from various sources to create a comprehensive functionality profile,facilitating the derivation of real-world security guidelines.Security guidelines are dynamically generated by associating functional security vulnerabilities with the latest Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure(CVE)and Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)scores,resulting in automated guidelines tailored to each product.These guidelines are not only practical but also applicable in real-world software,allowing for prioritized security responses.The proposed framework is applied to virtual private network(VPN)software,wherein a validated Level 2 data flow diagram is generated using the Spoofing,Tampering,Repudiation,Information Disclosure,Denial of Service,and Elevation of privilege(STRIDE)technique with references to various papers and examples from related software.The analysis resulted in the identification of a total of 121 vulnerabilities.The successful implementation and validation demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in generating customized guidelines for entire systems,subsystems,and selected modules.展开更多
As the number of single-cell datasets continues to grow rapidly,workflows that map new data to well-curated reference atlases offer enormous promise for the biological community.In this perspective,we discuss key comp...As the number of single-cell datasets continues to grow rapidly,workflows that map new data to well-curated reference atlases offer enormous promise for the biological community.In this perspective,we discuss key computational challenges and opportunities for single-cell reference-mapping algorithms.We discuss how mapping algorithms will enable the integration of diverse datasets across disease states,molecular modalities,genetic perturbations,and diverse species and will eventually replace manual and laborious unsupervised clustering pipelines.展开更多
Dear Editor,The timing of the spring bud f lush(TBF)is a crucial agro-nomic trait for the tea plant,as it strongly influences the yield and economic value of harvested fresh tea leaves.The TBF of tea plant is generall...Dear Editor,The timing of the spring bud f lush(TBF)is a crucial agro-nomic trait for the tea plant,as it strongly influences the yield and economic value of harvested fresh tea leaves.The TBF of tea plant is generally defined as the date when>30%of the growing tender shoots have reached the stage of one bud with one to three leaves,referred as to the stage of one and a bud,two and a bud,and three and a bud,respectively.展开更多
The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were investigated.Raman mapping technique was used to non-destructiv...The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were investigated.Raman mapping technique was used to non-destructively examine the thickness and homogeneity of coated particles.The results showed that the wax existed in two forms on the surface of the paracetamol particles,forming a porous coating layer:i)whole wax particles on the surface of paracetamol and glued together with other wax surface particles,and ii)deformed wax particles spread on the surface.Regardless of the final particle size fraction(between 100 and 800 mm),the coating thickness had high variability,with average thickness of 5.9±4.2 mm.The ability of carnauba wax to decrease the dissolution rate of paracetamol was confirmed by dissolution of powder and tablet formulations.The dissolution was slower for larger coated particles.Tableting further reduced the dissolution rate,clearly indicating the impact of subsequent formulation processes on the final quality of the product.展开更多
基金supported by the State Administration of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defence,PRC(KJSP2020020303)the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(ZDJ2021-12)。
文摘Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machine learning framework(AutoGluon).A total of 2241 landslides were identified from satellite images before and after the rainfall event,and 10 impact factors including elevation,slope,aspect,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),topographic wetness index(TWI),lithology,land cover,distance to roads,distance to rivers,and rainfall were selected as indicators.The WeightedEnsemble model,which is an ensemble of 13 basic machine learning models weighted together,was used to output the landslide hazard assessment results.The results indicate that landslides mainly occurred in the central part of the study area,especially in Hetian and Shanghu.Totally 102.44 s were spent to train all the models,and the ensemble model WeightedEnsemble has an Area Under the Curve(AUC)value of92.36%in the test set.In addition,14.95%of the study area was determined to be at very high hazard,with a landslide density of 12.02 per square kilometer.This study serves as a significant reference for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and land use planning in Luhe County.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51875061)China Scholarship Council(202206050107)。
文摘Model mismatches can cause multi-dimensional uncertainties for the receding horizon control strategies of automated vehicles(AVs).The uncertainties may lead to potentially hazardous behaviors when the AV tracks ideal trajectories that are individually optimized by the AV's planning layer.To address this issue,this study proposes a safe motion planning and control(SMPAC)framework for AVs.For the control layer,a dynamic model including multi-dimensional uncertainties is established.A zonotopic tube-based robust model predictive control scheme is proposed to constrain the uncertain system in a bounded minimum robust positive invariant set.A flexible tube with varying cross-sections is constructed to reduce the controller conservatism.For the planning layer,a concept of safety sets,representing the geometric boundaries of the ego vehicle and obstacles under uncertainties,is proposed.The safety sets provide the basis for the subsequent evaluation and ranking of the generated trajectories.An efficient collision avoidance algorithm decides the desired trajectory through the intersection detection of the safety sets between the ego vehicle and obstacles.A numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiment validate the effectiveness and real-time performance of the SMPAC.The result of two driving scenarios indicates that the SMPAC can guarantee the safety of automated driving under multi-dimensional uncertainties.
基金This work is the result of commissioned research project supported by the Affiliated Institute of ETRI(2022-086)received by Junho AhnThis research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Basic Science Research Program funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2020R1A6A1A03040583)this work was supported by Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)Grant funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(P0008691,HRD Program for Industrial Innovation).
文摘This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product’s comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities,generating applicable guidelines based on real-world software.The existing analysis of software security vulnerabilities often focuses on specific features or modules.This partial and arbitrary analysis of the security vulnerabilities makes it challenging to comprehend the overall security vulnerabilities of the software.The key novelty lies in overcoming the constraints of partial approaches.The proposed framework utilizes data from various sources to create a comprehensive functionality profile,facilitating the derivation of real-world security guidelines.Security guidelines are dynamically generated by associating functional security vulnerabilities with the latest Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure(CVE)and Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)scores,resulting in automated guidelines tailored to each product.These guidelines are not only practical but also applicable in real-world software,allowing for prioritized security responses.The proposed framework is applied to virtual private network(VPN)software,wherein a validated Level 2 data flow diagram is generated using the Spoofing,Tampering,Repudiation,Information Disclosure,Denial of Service,and Elevation of privilege(STRIDE)technique with references to various papers and examples from related software.The analysis resulted in the identification of a total of 121 vulnerabilities.The successful implementation and validation demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in generating customized guidelines for entire systems,subsystems,and selected modules.
文摘As the number of single-cell datasets continues to grow rapidly,workflows that map new data to well-curated reference atlases offer enormous promise for the biological community.In this perspective,we discuss key computational challenges and opportunities for single-cell reference-mapping algorithms.We discuss how mapping algorithms will enable the integration of diverse datasets across disease states,molecular modalities,genetic perturbations,and diverse species and will eventually replace manual and laborious unsupervised clustering pipelines.
文摘背景:腰椎小关节炎是引起下腰痛的一个主要原因,目前主要依靠MRI进行初步定性诊断,但仍有一定漏诊、误诊的概率发生,因此MR T2^(*)mapping成像技术有望成为定量检查腰椎小关节炎软骨损伤的重要检测手段。目的:探讨MR T2^(*)mapping成像技术在定量分析腰椎小关节炎软骨损伤退变中的应用价值。方法:收集南京医科大学第四附属医院2020年4月至2022年3月门诊或住院合并下腰痛共110例患者,设为病例组;同时招募无症状志愿者80例,设为对照组。对所有纳入对象L1-S1的小关节行3.0 T MR扫描,获取T2^(*)mapping横断位图像和T2WI图像,分别对所有小关节软骨进行Weishaupt分级及T2^(*)值测量,收集数据并行统计学分析。不同小关节Weishaupt分级之间小关节软骨T2^(*)值比较采用单因素方差分析。结果与结论:①经统计分析发现,病例组腰椎小关节软骨T2^(*)值(17.6±1.5)ms明显较对照组(21.4±1.3)ms降低,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);②在病例组中,随着腰椎小关节Weishaupt分级增加,小关节软骨T2^(*)值也呈逐渐下降趋势,且这种差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);③提示T2^(*)mapping能够较好地显示腰椎小关节软骨损伤的早期病理变化,腰椎小关节软骨的T2^(*)值能够定量评估腰椎小关节的软骨损伤程度;T2^(*)mapping成像技术能为影像学诊断腰椎小关节炎软骨早期损伤提供很好的理论依据,具有重要的临床应用价值。
基金supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200200)the Major Project of Agricultural Science and Technology in Breeding of Tea Plant Variety in Zhejiang Province(2021C02067)+2 种基金the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences through the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAASASTIP-2017-TRICAAS)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-19)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20500,32202553).
文摘Dear Editor,The timing of the spring bud f lush(TBF)is a crucial agro-nomic trait for the tea plant,as it strongly influences the yield and economic value of harvested fresh tea leaves.The TBF of tea plant is generally defined as the date when>30%of the growing tender shoots have reached the stage of one bud with one to three leaves,referred as to the stage of one and a bud,two and a bud,and three and a bud,respectively.
基金supported by specific university research(Grant No.:A1_FCHI_2022_006).
文摘The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were investigated.Raman mapping technique was used to non-destructively examine the thickness and homogeneity of coated particles.The results showed that the wax existed in two forms on the surface of the paracetamol particles,forming a porous coating layer:i)whole wax particles on the surface of paracetamol and glued together with other wax surface particles,and ii)deformed wax particles spread on the surface.Regardless of the final particle size fraction(between 100 and 800 mm),the coating thickness had high variability,with average thickness of 5.9±4.2 mm.The ability of carnauba wax to decrease the dissolution rate of paracetamol was confirmed by dissolution of powder and tablet formulations.The dissolution was slower for larger coated particles.Tableting further reduced the dissolution rate,clearly indicating the impact of subsequent formulation processes on the final quality of the product.
