Lower extremity peripherally inserted central catheter placement ectopic to the ascending lumbar vein:A case report

BACKGROUND Peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)are an essential infusion route for oncology patients receiving intravenous treatments,but lower extremity veni-puncture is the preferred technique for patients with superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS).We report the case of a patient with a lower extremity PICC ectopic to the ascending lumbar vein,to indicate and verify PICC catheterisation in the lower extremity is safe and feasible.And hope to provide different per-spectives for clinical PICC venipuncture to get the attention of peers.CASE SUMMARY On 24 August 2022,a 58-year-old male was admitted to our department due to an intermittent cough persisting for over a month,which worsened 10 d prior.Imaging and laboratory investigations suggested the patient with pulmonary malignancy and SVCS.Chemotherapy was not an absolute contraindication in this patient.Lower extremity venipuncture is the preferred technique because administering upper extremity venous transfusion to patients with SVCS can exacerbate oedema in the head,neck,and upper extremities.The patient and his family were informed about the procedure,and informed consent was obtained.After successful puncture and prompt treatment,the patient was discharged,experiencing some relief from symptoms.CONCLUSION Inferior vena cava catheterisation is rare and important for cancer patients with SVCS,particularly in complex situations involving ectopic placement.

Focus on peripherally inserted central catheters in critically ill patients

Venous access devices are of pivotal importance for an increasing number of critically ill patients in a variety of disease states and in a variety of clinical settings(emergency, intensive care, surgery) and for different purposes(fluids or drugs infusions, parenteral nutrition, antibiotic therapy, hemodynamic monitoring, procedures of dialysis/apheresis). However, healthcare professionals are commonly worried about the possible consequences that may result using a central venous access device(CVAD)(mainly, bloodstream infections and thrombosis), both peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs) and centrally inserted central catheters(CICCs). This review aims to discuss indications, insertion techniques, and care of PICCs in critically ill patients. PICCs have many advantages over standard CICCs. First of all, their insertion is easy and safe-due to their placement into peripheral veins of the armand the advantage of a central location of catheter tip suitable for all osmolarity and p H solutions. Using the ultrasound-guidance for the PICC insertion, the risk of hemothorax and pneumothorax can be avoided, as wellas the possibility of primary malposition is very low. PICC placement is also appropriate to avoid post-procedural hemorrhage in patients with an abnormal coagulative state who need a CVAD. Some limits previously ascribed to PICCs(i.e., low flow rates, difficult central venous pressure monitoring, lack of safety for radio-diagnostic procedures, single-lumen) have delayed their start up in the intensive care units as common practice. Though, the recent development of power-injectable PICCs overcomes these technical limitations and PICCs have started to spread in critical care settings. Two important take-home messages may be drawn from this review. First, the incidence of complications varies depending on venous accesses and healthcare professionals should be aware of the different clinical performance as well as of the different risks associated with each type of CVAD(CICCs or PICCs). Second, an inappropriate CVAD choice and, particularly, an inadequate insertion technique are relevant-and often not recognized-potential risk factors for complications in critically ill patients. We strongly believe that all healthcare professionals involved in the choice, insertion or management of CVADs in critically ill patients should know all potential risk factors of complications. This knowledge may minimize complications and guarantee longevity to the CVAD optimizing the risk/benefit ratio of CVAD insertion and use. Proper management of CVADs in critical care saves lines and lives. Much evidence from the medical literature and from the clinical practice supports our belief that, compared to CICCs, the so-called power-injectable peripherally inserted central catheters are a good alternative choice in critical care.

An Unusual Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Fractured <i>in Vivo</i>with Embolization Happened in a Child: A Case Report

We report a case of a 7-year-old child who received a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) for chemotherapy. He suffered from an unusual PICC fracture in vivo with pulmonary embolism after eight circles of chemotherapeutic agents administered. In this case report, we review the literatures for the underlying pathophysiology of this uncommon phenomenon. IV nurses should consider the possibility of the infusion dysfunction deriving from the PICC line fractured. Accurate tip catheter placement and specific care may reduce morbidity.

Peripherally inserted central catheter placement in neonates with persistent left superior vena cava: Report of eight cases

BACKGROUND Reports on peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)placement in neonates with persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC)are rare.The majority of PLSVC patients have no clinical symptoms or hemodynamic changes,which are usually detected during cardiac catheterization,cardiac pacemaker implantation,or PICC placement.However,in neonates with PLSVC,PICC placement can be challenging.Here,we report PICC placement in eight neonates with PLSVC.CASE SUMMARY This article introduces the concept of the“TIMB”bundle.After PICC implantation,we found PLSVC in all eight patients.The key points of care regarding PICC placement in neonates with PLSVC included“TIMB”,where“T”indicates a reasonable choice of the catheterization time,“I”refers to a retrospective analysis of imaging data before catheterization,“M”refers to correct measurement of the body surface length,and“B”indicates that the tip of the PICC is placed in the middle and lower 1/3 of the left superior vena cava under the guidance of B-ultrasound.CONCLUSION“TIMB”is a bundle for PICC placement in neonates,especially for those with PLSVC.Using this new approach can improve the first-attempt success rate of PICC placement,reveal cardiovascular abnormalities in advance,allow the selection of different measurement methods reasonably according to the puncture site,and finally,improve the accuracy of catheter positioning through the use of B-ultrasound guidance.

Analysis of Use and Outcomes of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC-Line) in Hemato-Oncological Patients

Aims: To audit the use and outcomes of using PICC lines in hemato-oncological patients. Objectives: To study the demographics of patients: ?studying the use of PICC line in hemato-oncological patients;studying the rate of complications in PICC line;studying the cause of early removal of PICC line. Methods: All PICCs inserted in adult hemato-oncological patients in Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of Health Care Global (HCG) Hospital were studied prospectively, as per the proforma, till PICCs were removed or patient expired and the pattern of complications were noted. Results: Eighty-four PICCs were inserted over a period of initial nine months and followed for a total of 1 year with three months post insertion duration for a total of 10,868 catheter-days (mean of 129 days i.e. 4.3 months, range: 1 to 288 days). The most common indication for PICC was chemotherapy (100%). Among them 19 (22%) PICCs had complications and 12 were removed at the rate of 1.1/1000 PICC-days. Complications with haematologic malignancies were more as compared to those with solid tissue malignancies. Conclusions: Despite significant complication rates, PICCs are a relatively safe and cost effective mode of establishing central venous access.

Arterial embolism caused by a peripherally inserted central catheter in a very premature infant:A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Extremely premature infants have poor vascular conditions.Operators often choose deep veins such as the femoral vein and axillary vein to peripherally insert central catheters,and these vessels are often accompanied by arteries;thus,it is easy to mistakenly enter the artery.CASE SUMMARY The case of an extremely premature infant(born at gestational age 28+3)in whom the left upper extremity artery was accidentally entered during peripheral puncture of the central venous catheter is reported.On the 19th day of hospitalization,the index finger,middle finger and ring finger of the left hand were rosy,the left radial artery and brachial artery pulse were palpable,the recovery was 95%,and the improvement was obvious.At discharge 42 d after admission,there was no abnormality in fingertip activity during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION Arterial embolization in preterm infants requires an individualized treatment strategy combined with local anticoagulation and 2%nitroglycerin ointment for local tissue damage caused by arterial embolism in the upper limb.Continuous visualization of disease changes using image visualization increases the likelihood of a good outcome.

Delayed cardiac tamponade diagnosed by point-of-care ultrasound in a neonate after peripherally inserted central catheter placement: A case report

BACKGROUND Peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)have been increasingly applied worldwide owing to many advantages.Even with these advantages,the related complications should not be ignored,especially in neonates.The available evidence about PICC-related thrombosis was manifold,but the cardiac tamponade,an emergency and life-threatening complication,has been rarely reported.Early recognized cardiac tamponade by ultrasound may reduce mortality.CASE SUMMARY A neonate weighting 2.8 kg was born at 40 wk of gestation.He was admitted to the Surgery Intensive Care Unit due to suspected congenital megacolon.A PICC line was inserted via the left antecubital fossa for the administration of total parenteral nutrition.Three days later,the patient was still on total parenteral nutrition.Cardiac tamponade caused by PICC was found on ultrasound.The patient recovered spontaneously after an emergency pericardiocentesis.CONCLUSION Proficiency in the use of point-of-care ultrasound may save the life of patients,since it enables clinicians to treat patients faster,more accurately,and in a noninvasive way at the point of care.

Establishment and validation of a predictive model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis in patients with liver cancer

BACKGROUND Peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)are commonly used in hospitalized patients with liver cancer for the administration of chemotherapy,nutrition,and other medications.However,PICC-related thrombosis is a serious complication that can lead to morbidity and mortality in this patient population.Several risk factors have been identified for the development of PICC-related thrombosis,including cancer type,stage,comorbidities,and catheter characteristics.Understanding these risk factors and developing a predictive model can help healthcare providers identify high-risk patients and implement preventive measures to reduce the incidence of thrombosis.AIM To analyze the influencing factors of PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer,construct a predictive model,and validate it.METHODS Clinical data of hospitalized patients with liver cancer admitted from January 2020 to December 2023 were collected.Thirty-five cases of PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer were collected,and 220 patients who underwent PICC placement during the same period but did not develop PICC-related thrombosis were randomly selected as controls.A total of 255 samples were collected and used as the training set,and 77 cases were collected as the validation set in a 7:3 ratio.General patient information,case data,catheterization data,coagulation indicators,and Autar Thrombosis Risk Assessment Scale scores were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses were performed on relevant factors,and the value of combined indicators in predicting PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in age,sex,Karnofsky performance status score(KPS),bedridden time,activities of daily living impairment,parenteral nutrition,catheter duration,distant metastasis,and bone marrow suppression between the thrombosis group and the non-thrombosis group.Other aspects had no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that age≥60 years,KPS score≤50 points,parenteral nutrition,stage III to IV,distant metastasis,bone marrow suppression,and activities of daily living impairment were independent risk factors for PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer(P<0.05).Catheter duration of 1-6 months and catheter duration>6 months were protective factors for PICC-related thrombosis(P<0.05).The predictive model for PICC-related thrombosis was obtained as follows:P predictive probability=[exp(Logit P)]/[1+exp(Logit P)],where Logit P=age×1.907+KPS score×2.045+parenteral nutrition×9.467+catheter duration×0.506+tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)staging×2.844+distant metastasis×2.065+bone marrow suppression×2.082+activities of daily living impairment×13.926.ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.827(95%CI:0.724-0.929,P<0.001),with a corresponding optimal cut-off value of 0.612,sensitivity of 0.755,and specificity of 0.857.Calibration curve analysis showed good consistency between the predicted occurrence of PICC-related thrombosis and actual occurrence(P>0.05).ROC analysis showed AUCs of 0.888 and 0.729 for the training and validation sets,respectively.CONCLUSION Age,KPS score,parenteral nutrition,TNM staging,distant metastasis,bone marrow suppression,and activities of daily living impairment are independent risk factors for PICC-related thrombosis in hospitalized patients with liver cancer,while catheter duration is a protective factor for the disease.The predictive model has an AUC of 0.827,indicating high predictive accuracy and clinical value.

Venous thromboembolism in patients with liver cancer:a retrospective study

Background:Little is known about the association between venous thromboembolism(VTE)and tumors.In this study,we identified the clinical features of patients with liver cancer who presented with at least 1 VTE episode.Methods:This was a retrospective case-control study of a single-institution database with univariate and multivariate analyses usingχ^(2)and Fisher exact tests.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:The overall incidence of VTE in the patients with liver cancer was 1.2%.More than half(53.8%)of the 13 patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis died within 2 months.The thrombus in 12 patients(92.3%)was located within the deep veins,whereas the other patient(7.7%)was diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism.Of the 11 patients,9(69.2%)had swelling and/or pain symptoms.All 6 patients with peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)had thrombosis,accounting for 46.2%of all patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis.Compared with the controls,liver cancer patients with PICC tubes,thrombosis-related symptoms such as swelling and pain,traumatic stimulation such as fracture,acute respiratory distress syndrome,and interventional therapy or hemostasis drugs were prone to be diagnosed with VTE(P<0.05).Conclusions:Liver cancer and thrombosis are rare and have poor prognoses.Liver cancer with thrombosis may be associated with PICC catheterization,traumatic stimulation,or hemostatic drugs.Patients with liver cancer and thrombosis often present with swelling and pain.

Clinical Application of Newborn Umbilical Vein Catheterization Combining with PICC

Purpose: Research on clinical application effect of combining very low birth weight newborn (VLBWN) umbilical vein catheterization (UVC) with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Method: 60 cases of VLBWN checked in our hospital’s ICU are selected and divided into combination group (n = 30) and PICC group (n = 30) according to the random number table. Combination of UVC and PICC is applied on newborn of combination group while only PICC is applied on newborn of PICC group. These two groups’ newborn’s PICC catheterization operation time, PICC indwelling time, weight gain, hospital stays, hospital infection, planned extubation, successful single puncture, adverse events and other indexes are observed. Result: Newborns in combination group have less PICC catheterization operation time and less hospital stays than newborns in PICC group while newborns in combination group have longer PICC indwelling time and greater weight gain than newborns in PICC group. The difference here has statistical significance (p < 0.05). Combination group’s hospital infection ratio (3.33%) is lower than that of PICC group (23.33%). The difference here has statistical significance (p < 0.05). Newborns in combination group have a planned extubation rate of 93.33% and a successful single puncture rate of 93.33%, which are greater than those of newborn in PICC group (respectively 73.33% and 70.00%). The difference here has statistical significance (p < 0.05). Newborns in combination group have an adverse event occurrence rate of 43.33%, lower than that of PICC group (70.00%). The difference here has statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Application of combination of UVC and PICC on VLBWN can greatly improve PICC catheterization efficiency and newborn patients’ nutriture and reduce rate of complications, thus, it is worthy of clinical application.

Clinical Study of Aspirin in the Prevention of Thrombosis in Breast Cancer Patients with Postoperative Chemotherapy after PICC Insertion

Objective: To study the clinical effect of aspirin in the prevention of venous thrombosis in breast cancer patients with postoperative chemotherapy after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion. Methods: 240 cases of female breast cancer patients with postoperative chemotherapy after PICC insertion in The First People’s Hospital of Jingzhou from June 2014 to December 2017 were selected and divided into experimental group (n = 120) and control group (n = 120) according to the length of stay. The modified Seldinger technique was used in both groups. The experimental group had oral Aspirin enteric-coated tablet on the day of PICC insertion, 100 mg/day until the PICC catheter was removed, while the control group did not take anticoagulant drugs. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound, Coagulation analysis, and complete blood count. Results: There were three cases with venous thrombosis in the experimental group, and the incidence rate was 2.5%, while ten cases in the control group developed venous thrombosis, and the incidence rate was 10%. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of thrombosis between the two groups (P Conclusion: This study showed that oral Aspirin can effectively reduce the incidence rate of venous thrombosis in breast cancer patients with postoperative chemotherapy after PICC insertion. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application.

Tip orientation under real-time point-of-care neck ultrasonic monitoring is advantageous in peripherally inserted central catheter procedures:a retrospective cohort study

Background:We analyzed the success and catheter tip malposition rates of peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)placement using ultrasonic monitoring.Methods:A total of 564 patients were recruited and assigned to either the intervention or control group.In the intervention group,282 patients underwent ultrasound-guided PICC insertion,which helped to identify the position and depth of the catheter tip.From a total of 9000 patients,282 were selectively chosen to receive the traditional method using body surface measurements(control group).The primary endpoint was the success rate;the secondary endpoint was the catheter tip malposition rate as detected by postprocedure chest radiography.Results:In the intervention group,a total of 94 catheters were in a suboptimal position;26 were too deep,68 were too shallow,and 1 was inserted into the subclavian vein,with success and malposition rates of 66.3%and 0.4%,respectively.In the control group,139 catheters were in a suboptimal position;88 were too deep,51 were too shallow,9 were inserted into the jugular vein,and 2 were inserted into the subclavian vein,with success and malposition rates of 46.8%(P<0.001)and 3.9%(P=0.004),respectively.Significant differences were observed in success and malposition rates between the 2 groups.Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided PICC procedures achieved higher success rates and lower malposition rates.

颈静脉、锁骨下静脉汇入无名静脉区的影像解剖分型研究及其在中心静脉置管中的应用

目的 研究双侧颈静脉、锁骨下静脉汇入无名静脉“三岔口”区的局部影像解剖并进行分型,初步探讨其在中心静脉置管中的应用。方法 河南科技大学第一附属医院2020年10月至2022年11月中心静脉置管病例389例,根据锁骨下静脉、颈静脉汇入无名静脉区局部影像解剖特点进行分型,右侧分为5型,左侧分为4型,结合置管后胸部X线片、CT检查、腔内心电及超声等资料明确中心静脉管位置,采用统计学方法分析“三岔口”区影像解剖分型与中心静脉导管异位的关系。结果 389例病例右侧“三岔口”区影像解剖分型中Ⅰ型占44.7%、Ⅱ型占24.7%、Ⅲ型占10.3%、Ⅳ型占17.2%、Ⅴ型占3.1%;左侧“三岔口”区影像解剖分型中Ⅰ型占29.3%、Ⅱ型占59.9%、Ⅲ型占9.8%、Ⅳ型占1.0%。经外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)共271例,右侧入路180例中导管异位共24例,其中Ⅰ型3例、Ⅱ型5例、Ⅲ型4例、Ⅳ型7例、Ⅴ型5例,左侧入路91例中导管异位共3例,其中Ⅱ型2例、Ⅲ型1例;中心静脉导管异位发生率PICC右侧入路各型比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.796,P=0.019),左侧入路各型比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.073,P=0.557)。CVC置管118例,右侧入路104例中导管异位5例,其中Ⅱ型2例、Ⅲ型2例、Ⅳ型1例,左侧入路14例中导管异位3例,其中Ⅱ型2例、Ⅳ型1例,中心静脉导管异位发生率CVC右侧入路各型比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.403,P=0.116),左侧入路各型比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.497,P=0.213)。结论 颈静脉、锁骨下静脉汇入无名静脉区的影像解剖分型右侧Ⅰ型最多见,左侧Ⅱ型最多见,局部影像解剖分型与中心静脉导管异位存在一定关系。

无痛诊疗技术在超声PICC置管患儿中的应用效果研究

目的探讨无痛诊疗技术在超声引导下儿童经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管术(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)中的应用效果。方法选取笔者医院2021年1月至2023年1月拟行PICC的患儿82例,用随机数字表法将其分为对照组、观察组,每组41例;对照组行常规超声引导下PICC置管术,观察组行无痛诊疗技术超声引导下PICC置管术;对比两组置管成功率、置管完成时间,患儿疼痛程度[儿童疼痛行为量表(children’s pain behavior scale,FLACC)],耐受度[Houpt行为量表(Houpt behavior scale,HBS)],依从性[Frankl量表(Frankl scale,FCS)]及家属满意度。结果观察组置管成功率较对照组高,置管时间较对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组FLACC评分较对照组低,HBS评分、FCS评分较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组家属总满意度较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无痛诊疗技术用于超声引导下儿童PICC置管术可提高置管成功率,缩短置管时间,减轻患儿疼痛程度,增强耐受性、依从性,提升家属满意度。

乳腺癌患者外周中心静脉导管相关上肢深静脉血栓形成的抗凝治疗

目的总结分析乳腺癌患者发生外周中心静脉导管(PICC)相关上肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的诊治经验。方法收集2021年6月至2023年3月北京市海淀医院收治的发生PICC相关上肢DVT的134例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据抗凝治疗方案的不同将患者分为低分子肝素组(n=65)和利伐沙班组(n=69)。比较两组患者的乳腺癌专科信息和启动抗凝治疗后3个月的随访结果。结果两组患者的临床分期、肿瘤部位、手术情况、放疗情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。治疗后3个月随访结果显示,两组患者的导管功能失用率、上肢DVT复发率、出血发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。两组患者均发生了轻微出血。治疗前,两组患者的D-二聚体水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);治疗后4、12周,两组患者的D-二聚体水平均较本组治疗前下降,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),但两组患者的D-二聚体水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论低分子肝素与利伐沙班治疗乳腺癌患者PICC相关上肢DVT的疗效与安全性相当,但利伐沙班可能更方便患者出院后使用。

针对性沟通对PICC患者用药依从性、心理状态的影响

目的 探讨针对性沟通干预对经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter, PICC)患者用药依从性、心理状态的影响。方法 2022年1~12月治疗的PICC患者130例采用随机法分为常规组和针对性沟通组,每组65例。常规组的研究对象行常规干预,针对性沟通组研究对象采用针对性沟通进行干预,对比2组干预前与干预后用药依从性、心理状态、生活态度、自我效能、并发症及满意度的变化。结果 与常规组相比,针对性沟通组HAMA评分、HAMD评分、恐惧情绪自测表明显下降(P<0.05);且HERTH评分及自我效能、用药依从性、满意度明显提升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 通过针对性沟通干预的开展,能有效提高PICC患者用药依从性、心理状态,改善患者生活态度。

超声引导外周置入中心静脉导管失败的5年回顾性研究

目的探讨超声引导外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)失败的原因及对策,提高PICC置管成功率。方法法选择2015年1月至2019年12月在青岛市市立医院接受超声引导PICC中置管失败患者32例,其中男性16例,女性16例;年龄43~85岁,平均年龄60.12岁;身体质量指数(BMI)16.55~31.26 kg/m^(2),平均BMI 22.56 kg/m^(2);恶性肿瘤32例,消化系统疾病12例,血管疾病8例,高血压5例,心脏病4例,糖尿病2例;置管原因,化学治疗19例(59.4%),静脉营养15例(46.9%);病变位置,颈胸部18例(56.3%),其他部位14例(43.7%);既往相关治疗,肿瘤切除21例(65.6%),放化疗19例(59.4%)。置管失败后移至介入手术室接受数字减影血管造影(DSA)辅助PICC复位/重置者。统计PICC相关指标。评估超声引导PICC失败原因,并分析失败原因与其他指标[年龄、性别、身体质量指数、血管病史、病变位置(颈胸部)、既往相关治疗、侧别和穿刺靶静脉]的相关性。结果左臂置入失败占56.3%(18/32)。穿刺贵要静脉者占65.6%(21/32),多于头静脉和肱静脉(P<0.001)。并发损伤仅为轻度痉挛或少量血栓占12.5%(4/32)。导管异位是置管失败主要原因占84.4%(27/32)。腋静脉最易发生异位(46.9%),贵要静脉(12.5%)、颈内静脉(9.38%)亦较常见。在DSA辅助下全部病例均复位/重置成功。导管异位与年龄、性别、BMI、血管病史、病变位置(颈胸部)、既往相关治疗、侧别和穿刺靶静脉指标均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论导管异位是超声引导PICC失败的首要原因,主要为血管变异所致。DSA辅助复位技术是解决超声引导PICC失败的有效方法,可显著提高置管成功率。

新生儿经外周置入中心静脉导管相关性血栓发生率的Meta分析

目的系统评价新生儿经外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)相关性血栓的发生率。方法计算机检索Medline、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库和万方数据库中与新生儿PICC相关性血栓发生率相关的研究,检索时限为建库至2022年5月17日。双人进行筛选、质量评价后,采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入5项研究,总样本量为4573例,其中共发生104例PICC相关性血栓。Meta分析结果显示新生儿PICC相关性血栓的发生率为1.7%(95%置信区间:0.5%~3.6%)。亚组分析结果显示,发表年份为2017—2021年的文献、经下肢静脉置管的新生儿PICC相关性血栓的发生率更高。结论新生儿PICC相关性血栓的发生率为1.68%。经下肢静脉置管时,血栓的发生率更高,因此对于凝血功能障碍、血栓发生风险高的新生儿,应尽量避免选择经下肢静脉置管。

适于胎龄与小于胎龄的极低出生体重儿身长增长对PICC尖端移位的影响及比较

目的探讨极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight,VLBW)中适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)和小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)身长增长对经外周中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)尖端移位的影响,并横向比较影响程度,帮助医护人员更好地把握导管尖端位置监测的时机。方法回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年6月在医院NICU住院并使用PICC的VLBW,按出生体质量和胎龄关系分为AGA组45例和SGA组19例,记录首次置管当日身长(Ht_(1))以及PICC尖端位置、置管期间胸片检查当日身长(Ht_(n))以及PICC尖端位置,并计算相应的身长增长率。身长增长率与PICC尖端移位的相关性用Spearman秩相关分析。将AGA和SGA的身长增长率分别与PICC尖端移位进行简单线性回归分析,构建回归模型,用协方差分析比较两组回归直线。结果VLBW中AGA组97.8%患儿出现移位,SGA组所有的患儿都出现移位,占比最多的均为移位3个椎体。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,两组患儿身长增长率与PICC尖端移位均具有相关性(AGA组rs=-0.719,P<0.001;SGA组rs=-0.769,P<0.001),随着VLBW身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏。简单线性回归分析结果显示,AGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.517,调整后R^(2)=0.513,F=129.487,P<0.001),SGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.591,调整后R^(2)=0.585,F=95.385,P<0.001)。协方差分析结果显示,由于回归系数检验没有统计学意义,两条直线平行,说明身长增长率对两组患儿位移的影响一致。截距比较有统计学意义(F=9.265,P=0.003),说明两组患儿位移的起点不同(即增长率为零时的位移位置),说明位移与是否为AGA、SGA有关。结论随着VLBW中AGA和SGA身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏,但相同的身长增长率,SGA引起的导管尖端移位幅度更大。建议AGA身长增长率12.4%、SGA身长增长率9.5%可作为监测导管尖端位置的重要时机,以免导管尖端进一步移位至非中心静脉,导致相关并发症发生。

医院信息系统下结构化经外周插管的中心静脉导管专科护理记录单的设计与应用

目的探讨医院信息系统(HIS)下结构化经外周插管的中心静脉导管(PICC)专科护理记录单的设计与应用,为患者提供高层次和专业化服务。方法选取2023年1月至3月九江市第一人民医院的60例门诊患者作为研究对象,根据就诊顺序将其分为对照组(n=30)和观察组(n=30)。基于HIS设计,并采用专科护理门诊的高级护理实践模式,拟设计HIS下结构化PICC专科护理记录单,与传统门诊病历记录模式进行比较。比较两组的记录时间、数据质量、数据统计便捷性等方面。结果观察组PICC护理书写时间和检查时间等记录时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组关于完整性、易读性、可溯性得分和数据质量总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组关于局部皮肤情况、针眼情况、导管刻度、导管冲封管情况和贴膜敷料情况等PICC护理数据便捷性得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用HIS下结构化PICC专科护理记录单进行PICC护理记录,有助于提高数据质量、数据统计便捷性,缩短护理记录时间。