盐度渐变对日本囊对虾非特异性免疫酶、ATPase酶和抗氧化酶活力的影响

为研究盐度渐变对日本囊对虾的机体免疫的影响,实验设置了4个盐度梯度分别为26、22、18和14,统计了各盐度下日本囊对虾累计死亡率,检测了日本囊对虾体内血清总蛋白(TP)含量、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、血清ATP酶(Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase和T-ATPase)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的动态变化。结果显示,盐度渐变胁迫下各盐度组累计死亡率的大小为14>18>22>26,血清蛋白含量随胁迫强度的增加和胁迫时间的延长呈下降趋势,后随着盐度回升而上升。24~72 h ACP和AKP活力表现为盐度组14<18<22<26,且随时间的延长呈下降趋势,Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase和T-ATPase活力显示出盐度梯度差异显著,14盐度组显著高于其它盐度组(P<0.05),SOD活力与PPO活力受盐度胁迫强度和胁迫时间的影响显著,盐度胁迫强度越强,SOD活力与对照组的差异越显著(P<0.05),血清PPO活力的变化趋势越明显。日本囊对虾机体免疫受盐度胁迫显著,研究结果为日本囊对虾的健康养殖提供重要的理论指导及借鉴。

Effects of soybean meal replacement with fermented alfalfa meal on the growth performance,serum antioxidant functions,digestive enzyme activities,and cecal microflora of geese

Fermented forages are important feedstuffs. Bacillus subtilis inoculants are often used to improve the value of forage legume fermentation. The present work was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal with solid-state fermented alfalfa meal（FAM） with B. subtilis ACCC 01746 on growth performance, serum antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, and cecal microflora in goose. 300 healthy geese with similar body weights were randomly assigned to six treatment groups with five replicates of 10 geese（five males and five females） each. Geese were fed ad libitum for 35 days. Results showed that the geese fed with 4 and 8% FAM exhibited no significant effects on their final body weights（FBW） and average day gain（ADG）（P〉0.05）, whereas 12% or higher FAM caused poor growth of the geese compared with control diet（linear（L）： P〈0.05）. The average daily feed intake（ADFI）（quadratic（Q）： P〈0.05） and feed conversion ratio（FCR）（L： P〈0.05） with 8% or higher supplementation level were higher than those of the control group. The activities of antioxidant enzyme in serum increased, and the level of malondialdehyde（MDA） significantly decreased with increasing dietary FAM level（L： P〈0.05）. However, no significant differences were observed at 8% or lower supplementation level for glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） and superoxide dismutase（SOD）（P〉0.05） and at 4% for catalase（CAT） supplementation level compared with the control group. All diets containing FAM increased digestive enzyme activities in geese. However, geese fed diets with 12% FAM supplementation showed the highest trypsin activities in pancreas（Q： P〈0.05）. Supplementation with 12% or higher FAM significantly increased amylase activities in pancreas（L： P〈0.05） and duodenum（L： P〈0.05） compared with the control group. Significant differences were not observed in total anaerobic bacteria between geese fed with FAM and control diets on day 35（P〉0.05）. The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the cecum of geese fed with FAM significantly increased（L： P〈0.05）, but no significant effects were found with 4 and 8% FAM supplementation levels compared with the control（P〉0.05）. By contrast, the coliform counts of cecum decreased with increasing inclusion of FAM, but these counts were significantly reduced in geese fed diets with 12% or higher FAM supplementation level（L： P〈0.05）. Collectively, our results indicated that supplementation of the basal geese diet with 8% FAM had no apparent adverse effects on growth performance, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and digestive parameters and beneficial microbiota.

Study on Growth,Serum Biochemical and Antioxidant Enzyme Indices of Juvenile Siganus guttatus Fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and Artificial Feed

In order to provide reference for using Sigartus guttatus to control overgrowth of Ertteromorpha prolifra, the growth, serum biochemical and antioxidant enzyme indices of juvenile S. guttatus respectively fed with E. prolifra and artificial feed were studied. One hundred and eighty individuals were cultivated for 90 days in six 2.5 m × 1.5 m × 1.5 m cages （30 ind. per cage） which mesh size were 0.5 mm. The experimental animals were divided into two dietary groups （ three cages for each group） that were fed with E. prolifra and artificial feed respectively. During the culture period, temperatures ranged from 23.0 to 26.5℃, pH was between 7.8 and 8.2, dissolved oxygen was more than 5.0 mg/L. The weight gain rate, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, hepato-somatic index of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were significantly lowe than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05）. The total protein （TP）, urea nitrogen （UN） and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. Prolifra were significantly higher than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈0.05）, while glutamic oxalacetie transaminase （AST/GOT） and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （ALT/GPT） of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were significantly lower than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05 ）. SOD, GPX and anti-superoxide anion radical activity in liver, kidney, gill and muscle of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were higher than that fed with artificial feed, and these antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney of juvenile S. gtatatus fed with E. prolifra was significantly higher than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05）, while CAT and hydroxyl radical-inhibiting activity in liver of juvenile S. guttatus fed with arti- ficial feed were significantly higher than that fed with E. prolifra （P 〈 0.05 ）. Juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra showed poor growth performance but better antioxidant defense system. S. guttatus is easily raised and has stronger ability of digestion and absorption of E. Prolifra. The technique that uses S. gtatatus to control E. prolifra deserves deeply study.

Growth performance,digestive enzyme activities and serum nonspecific immunity of the red tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus×Oreochromis niloticus)feddiets supplemented with ultrafine powder of Enteromopha prolifera

The present study evaluated ef fects of ultrafine powder of the green macroalgae E nteromopha prolifera as dietary supplement on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and serum nonspecific immune responses of the red tilapia(O reochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus). The red tilapia were fed five diets supplemented with different levels of E. prolifera ultrafine powder as well as a control diet containing no E. prolifera for seven weeks(Diets 0–6 contained 0(control), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg of E. prolifera ultrafine powder, respectively). The results showed that diets supplemented with E. prolifera ultrafine powder generally improved growth, immunity and digestive enzyme activities of the red tilapia. In particular, the fish fed the diet incorporated 50 g/kg (5%) E. prolifera ultrafine powder(Diet 5) achieved the highest percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and the condition factor(increased by 15.4%, 8.0% and 5.7%, respectively when compared to the control). Feeding the diet also led to significantly increases( P <0.05) in serum nonspecific immune responses, including total superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme activities and serum total protein(increased by 19.4%, 48.1%, 29.5%, 30.3% and 8.7%, respectively) as well as digestive enzyme activities of erepsin, gastric amylase, gastric lipase, pepsin, intestinal amylase and gastric lipase(increased by 15.7%, 33.3%, 16.3%, 21.3%, 52.3% and 28.2%, respectively) than those of the control. Based on these results, it is recommended that the inclusion level of E. prolifera ultrafine powder in the diet of the red tilapia should be 50 g/kg(or 5%).

Effect of Perinatal Bisphenol A Exposure on Serum Lipids and Lipid Enzymes in Offspring Rats of Different Sex

Rats were exposed to1 or 10 μg/mL bisphenol A （BPA） in water during pregnancy and lactation. Offspring rats were given normal water and a standard diet from weaning to postnatal day （PND） 50. Perinatal exposure to BPA resulted in significantly increased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, abnormal serum lipids, and lower adiponectin （ADP） levels in both female and male offspring rats. Liver adipose triglyceride lipase （Atgl） mRNA levels and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue were significantly decreased in BPA-exposed offspring rats. In both female or male offspring rats, obesity and dyslipidemia induced by perinatal exposure to BPA were associated with down regulation of Atgl mRNA in liver and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue.

The effect of Daicong solution on the serum enzymes and LPO in aged rats dementia model

Objective To explore the effect of Daicong solu tion(DCS)on aged rats dementia model.Method The experiment used22-month old rats whose basal nuclei was destroyed by bilateral electrolytic method as model for aged rats dem entia.They were treated with DCS for a month.Then the level of superox ide dismutase(SOD),lipid peroxide(LPO),monoamine oxidase(MAO)and cholinesterase(CHE)in the serum was measured.Result Compared with the control,the activ ity of SOD increased markedly(P <0.01),the content of LOP and activity MAO and CHE were decreased(P <0.01).Conclusion DCS is effective in treating the aged dementia.

The Correlation between the Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas and Blood Serum in Chicken

It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Affects Serum Enzymes Levels in the HIV-Infected Patients on Stavudine (d4T)/Lamivudine (3TC)/Nevirapine (NVP) Treatment Regimen

Chronic alcohol use is a common problem globally among the HIV-infected patients on ARV treatment regimens, leading to severe liver damage and increase in serum enzymes. The study determined effect of chronic alcohol intake on serum enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) in HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP treatment regimen in Uganda using the WHO alcohol use disorders’ identification test (AUDIT) tool and chronic alcohol use biomarkers (ALT, AST, GGT, AST/ALT ≥ 2.0 and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)). A case control study using repeated measure design with serial measurements model was used. Alcohol use biomarkers were used to standardize the gender differences in alcohol use. A total of 41 patients (21 alcohol group and 20 control group) were followed up for 9 months with blood sampling done at 3 month intervals. The serum enzymes’ levels were determined by using the Cobas Intergra 400 Plus analyzer system. The mean GGT levels were higher in chronic alcohol use group as compared to control group in both groups. The levels were above reference ranges during 6 month and three times higher during 9-month follow-up period for both chronic alcohol use self reporting WHO AUDIT tool and biomarkers’ groups. Generally, the mean AST, ALT and AST/ALT levels were slightly higher in alcohol use group as compared to control group and were slightly higher in both groups as compared to reference ranges during the 9 month follow-up period. Chronic alcohol consumption by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP drug regimen increased GGT and AST/ALT serum enzyme levels and hence was used as chronic alcohol use biomarkers.

Interaction between Aluminum and Zinc or Copper and Its Effects on the Pituitary-Testicular Axis Ⅱ. Testicular Enzyme and Serum Gonadotropin Assay

Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into groups and maintained on a semipurified diet containing either 5 or 40 ppm of zinc or 2 or 8 ppm of copper. Half of the rats in each group received 1000 ppm aluminum in the diet. It was found that aluminum accumulated in the pituitary glands and testes when dietary copper levels were suboptimal. The ALP activity in testes was depressed by the added aluminum when the intake of zinc or copper was suboptimal. SDH, LDH, and LDH-X activities were inhibited and GRS and GGTP activities were elevated in rats fed either the suboptimal zinc or copper diet. However, the added aluminum in the diet reversed the changes to normal levels. The testosterone levels in plasma changed very little when the zinc or copper intake was suboptimal. An increase in plasma FSH was demonstrated in groups of both suboptimal zinc and copper intake. But the plasma LH was elevated only in the group receiving the suboptimal copper diet, and the added aluminum reversed plasma LH to control levels. A lower level of testosterone was demonstrated in the group given suboptimal copper with aluminum. It was concluded that dietary aluminum influenced the pituitary-testicular axis by interacting with certain essential trace metals, particularly zinc. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.

HOMOGENEOUS ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY OF SERUM AFP BY FLUORIMETRIC KINETIC METHOD

The activity of the Ab-bound enzyme(HRP)changed after immunochemical reaction,and can be indicated by a sensitive fluorimetric kinetic method.The finding set the stage for developing sensitive homogeneous immunoassay.AFP was measured as an example.

Development of Highly Specific Enzyme Immunoassay for Monitoring Serum Digitoxin Level in Patients

We previously developed radioimmunoassays (RIAs) for digitoxin and digoxin using antisera raised against digitoxin 3’-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin and digoxin 3’-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin conjugates, respectively. Very recently, we converted the RIA for digoxin to an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system. Here, we aimed to convert the RIA for digitoxin to an EIA suitable for measuring serum digitoxin level in patients, using digitoxin 3’-hemisuccinate-β-D-galactosidase as an enzyme-labeled antigen. The developed EIA showed a quantification range of 1 to 70 ng/mL and exhibited high specificity for digitoxin, with low cross-reactivity to digitoxin metabolites. Compared with a commercial anti-digitoxin antiserum clinically used to monitor serum digitoxin level in patients, our antiserum showed much higher specificity for intact digitoxin. Intra- and inter-assay variations were less than 10.0% and 8.5%, respectively. Recovery was within the range of 93.7% - 107.5%. Mean digitoxin concentrations measured in serum samples (n = 26) from digitoxin-treated patients by EIA using our new antiserum and the commercial anti-digitoxin antiserum were 11.0 and 13.8 ng/mL, respectively. The present EIA, which is superior to RIA in terms of convenience and disposal of waste materials, is expected to be practically useful for clinical monitoring of intact digitoxin in serum.

九种常用杀虫剂对二化螟线粒体ATPase活力的抑制作用

研究了二化螟Chilo suppressalis线粒体Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase和Ca^2＋,Mg^2＋．ATPase的生物化学性质以及9种常用杀虫剂对这两种酶活性的影响。结果表明，二化螟线粒体Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase的最适反应条件为pH值7．4，温度37℃。Na^＋-．K^＋-ATPase的米氏常数（Kw）为0．42mmol／L，最大反应速度（Vmax）为302．47nmol／（min·mg）。Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase的Km为0．40mmol／L，Vmax为128．04nmol／（min·mg）。药剂浓度为1×10^-4mol／L时，5种菊酯类杀虫剂对离体ATPase活性抑制的顺序为：溴氰菊酯〉联苯菊酯〉百树菊酯〉三氟氯氰菊酯和氟硅菊酯；对二化螟Na^＋-K^＋-ATP8se的抑制率分别为40．12％、39．69％、27．27％、19．49％和18．71％；对Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase的抑制率分别为29．27％、23．78％、19．88％、11．64％和14．34％。硫丹对二化螟Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase的抑制率均为17．46％。甲胺磷和呋喃丹对Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase的抑制率分别为27．16％和17．42％，对Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase则几乎没有抑制作用。实验结果还表明，在1．6×10^-7～1×10^-4mol／L的浓度范围内，上述9种杀虫剂对二化螟ATPase活性的抑制率存在明显的剂量-效应关系。

操作胁迫对云纹石斑鱼肝脏抗氧化和鳃Na＋-K＋ATPase活力的影响

研究了操作胁迫(惊扰)对云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)肝脏抗氧化能力和鳃中钠-钾ATP酶(Na+-K+ATPase)活力的影响。在胁迫处理后,鱼体肝脏中抗氧化酶活力受到不同程度的影响。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)具有相似的变化规律,其在处理后快速达到活力最高值,然后逐渐下降到与处理前无显著性差异(P>0.05);谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)活力也在处理后升高,但一直与处理前无显著性差异(P>0.05);肝脏中VC含量在处理后显著增高,并最终恢复到处理前水平;而Na+-K+ATPase活力一直显著低于处理前水平(P>0.05)。研究表明,操作胁迫会通过氧化应激对云纹石斑鱼体造成损伤,而在胁迫应激反应中,SOD和CAT可以作为有效的生物指示剂用于胁迫状态的检测。

盐胁迫及La^(3+)对不同耐盐性水稻根中抗氧化酶及质膜H^+-ATPase的影响

用盐敏感的武运粳8号和强耐盐的韭菜青两个粳稻品种,比较了盐胁迫条件下根中抗氧化酶类和质膜H+-ATPase活性的变化以及La3+对其变化的影响。结果表明,两个品种根中SOD和APX活性无显著区别,但耐盐品种的CAT和POD活性强于盐敏感品种。盐胁迫不同程度地提高了两者抗氧化酶活性。La3+对其影响最显著的差异出现在高盐条件下(200~300mmolL-1NaCl),对耐盐品种添加La3+可以提高上述4种酶的活力,而对盐敏感品种,La3+的作用不明显。对盐敏感品种,盐胁迫导致其质膜H+-ATPase活性持续下降,添加La3+明显提高其H+-ATPase活性,而对耐盐品种,盐胁迫导致其质膜H+-ATPase活性呈现先降后升的趋势,La3+对其活性影响不大。进一步分析表明,上述H+-ATPase活性变化及La3+对其影响均发生在转录水平上。据此推测,以上2个品种可能具有完全不同的盐胁迫响应机制。

心肌缺血再灌注Na^+K^+ATPase活性变化及鹿茸精的保护作用

目的：研究心肌缺血再灌注损伤 Ｎａ＋  Ｋ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐａｓｅ 活性变化，探讨鹿茸精对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机理。方法：采用大鼠离体心脏灌注模型，应用电镜酶细胞化学技术观察 Ｎａ＋  Ｋ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐａｓｅ 定位、分布及活性变化。结果：正常心肌 Ｎａ＋  Ｋ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐａｓｅ 主要位于肌膜上，缺血３０ ｍ ｉｎ，酶活性显著减弱，再灌注３０ ｍ ｉｎ 及６０ ｍ ｉｎ酶活性进一步减弱或缺失，而应用鹿茸精此酶活性减弱不明显。结论： Ｎａ＋  Ｋ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐａｓｅ 抑制是心肌缺血再灌注损伤的主要环节，是引起钙反常的直接原因。鹿茸精通过对此酶修饰起心肌保护作用。

丁基苯酞对局部脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑线粒体ATPase,抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响

目的研究丁基苯酞对短暂性局部脑缺血大鼠脑线粒体ＡＴＰａｓｅ，抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响。方法采用短暂性大脑中动脉阻断术（ｔＭＣＡＯ）模型，应用生物化学方法，测定神经细胞线粒体ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性，超氧化物歧化酶（ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ，ＳＯＤ），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ｇｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ），过氧化氢酶（ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ，ＣＡＴ）的活性和ＭＤＡ的含量。结果（１）大鼠ｔＭＣＡＯ后线粒体ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性均有不同程度的下降，于ｔＭＣＡＯ前１０ｍｉｎ腹腔注射丁基苯酞（ＮＢＰ）（５～２０ｍｇ ／ｋｇ）能明显升高线粒体Ｎａ＋Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ和Ｃａ ２＋ －ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性。（２）在缺血溶剂组，ＳＯＤ活性和线粒体ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性显著下降，而ＭＤＡ的含量则明显升高。于缺血前１０ｍｉｎ，腹腔注射ＮＢＰ（２０ｍｇ ／ｋｇ）能明显增加缺血侧神经细胞线粒体和脑皮层总ＳＯＤ的活性，然而对ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性无明显作用。腹腔注射２０ｍｇ ／ｋｇ ＮＢＰ能显著升高线粒体ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ的活性，而腹腔注射１０、２０ｍｇ ／ｋｇ ＮＢＰ能明显降低缺血脑线粒体ＭＤＡ的含量（Ｐ＜０．０５＝。（?

氟对鲤鱼肾抗氧化酶和Na^+-K^+-ATPase水平的影响

为探究氟对鲤鱼的毒性机制,本试验检测了不同浓度(0、40、80、120 mg·L^(-1),分别标记为CK、T1、T2、T3)下,水相氟暴露对鲤鱼肾组织抗氧化酶SOD、CAT、LPO含量及Na^+-K^+-ATPase活性的影响,并通过免疫印迹法和免疫荧光组织化学法检测了水相氟暴露对其肾组织Na^+-K^+-ATPase蛋白表达的影响。结果表明,在不同氟浓度下暴露30 d后,T2、T3的SOD、CAT、Na^+-K^+-ATPase活性均显著低于CK,LPO含量呈升高趋势且显著高于CK;Na^+-K^+-ATPase蛋白表达分析表明,T2、T3的Na^+-K^+-ATPase蛋白的表达显著低于CK。相关性分析表明,氟暴露浓度与SOD、CAT、Na^+-K^+-ATPase活性呈负相关(Pearson系数分别为-0.586,-0.707,-0.818,P<0.01),与LPO含量呈正相关(Pearson系数为0.762,P<0.01),与Na^+-K^+-ATPase蛋白的表达呈负相关(免疫印迹法Pearson系数为-0.769,P<0.01,免疫荧光法Pearson系数为-0.848,P<0.01)。结果表明,水体中氟可在一定程度上对鲤鱼肾抗氧化酶和Na^+-K^+-ATPase水平产生抑制作用。

香蕉越冬期ATPase和保护酶的活性及膜脂过氧化

在越冬期，随着气温的降低香蕉叶片腺苷三磷酸酶（ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性明显提高，３月份后气温上升，活性开始下降．越冬期间超氧物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性呈下降趋势，膜脂过氧化产物ＭＤＡ含量呈上升趋势，其中台湾蕉ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ、ＰＯＤ活性下降幅度比柴蕉大．ＡＴＰａｓｅ水解活性和ＭＤＡ含量明显高于柴蕉，经ＰＰ３３３处理的台湾蕉，ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ、ＰＯＤ活性分别比对照提高６６．７７％、８６．４４％和２３７．７６％，ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性下降２４．１５％，ＭＤＡ含量下降２１．６７％。

饲料中添加谷氨酰胺前体物对镜鲤肠道消化酶及Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性的影响

为了研究谷氨酰胺前体物对镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio specularis)肠道消化酶及Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性的影响,分别用谷氨酰胺(Gln)、谷氨酸(Glu)、α-酮戊二酸(AKG)、L-鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸(OKG)、L-精氨酸-α-酮戊二酸(AAKG)、α-酮戊二酸钠(2Na-AKG)替代基础饲料中的葡萄糖(添加量为1.5%),配制成6种等氮等能试验饲料,以基础饲料为对照,分别投喂松浦镜鲤(平均体重(40.27±3.96)g),饲养8周后测定镜鲤肠道消化酶及Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性。结果显示:Glu组前肠蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组;Gln组、Glu组、OKG组和AAKG组中肠蛋白酶活性均显著高于对照组。2Na-AKG组前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组和OKG组;2Na-AKG组中肠脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组和Gln组。2Na-AKG组前肠淀粉酶活性均显著高于对照组和Gln组。Gln组和Glu组前肠Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性均显著高于对照组;不同处理组中肠Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性均显著低于对照组;Glu组、AKG组和OKG组后肠Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性均显著高于对照组,Gln组、AAKG组和2NaAKG组后肠Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性则均显著低于对照组。研究表明,饲料中添加Gln、Glu、OKG和AAKG可显著提高鱼体肠道的蛋白酶活性,添加2Na-AKG可显著提高鱼体肠道的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性。

Na^+,K^+-ATPase调节肝再生增强因子促HepG2细胞增殖

采用四甲基噻唑盐(M TT)法检验肝再生增强因子(ALR)对H epG 2细胞增殖作用;[3H]-T dR掺入测定细胞DNA合成;采用无机磷比色法测定细胞N a+,K+-ATPase的酶活力。结果表明:ALR通过促进H epG 2细胞DNA合成,使细胞增殖,并存在剂量效应正相关性(P<0.01);ALR对N a+,K+-ATPase酶活呈剂量时间依赖型影响;奎巴因可以通过抑制细胞N a+,K+-ATPase影响ALR对H epG 2细胞增殖促进作用。因此,N a+,K+-ATPase能参与调节ALR促进H epG 2细胞的增殖。