Incidence rate and risk factors of second primary neoplasms among older patients with hematological malignancies:Insights from a Chinese single-center experience(1997-2021)

Background:Patients with hematological malignancies face an increased risk of developing second primary neoplasms due to various factors,including immune system compromise and chemotherapy-related effects.However,the incidence and associated risk factors in older patients remain poorly understood.This study aimed to assess the incidence,identify risk factors,and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes among older patients with hematological malignancies.Methods:This retrospective single-center study analyzed data from 163 patients,focusing on the occurrence of second primary neoplasms.Cumulative incidence rates were calculated,and risk factor analysis was conducted using a competing risk model.Results:Among 124 eligible patients with a total follow-up duration of 572.57 person-years,the incidence rate of second primary neoplasms was 15.72/1000 person-years.The standardized incidence ratio(SIR)was 0.81(95%confidence interval[CI][0.39–1.48],P=0.518).History of radiotherapy emerged as a significant risk factor(subdistribution hazard ratio[SHR]=21.61[2.81–166.14],P=0.003),whereas regular natural killer(NK)cell infusion was associated with reduced risk(SHR=3.25 e8[9.81 e9–1.08 e7],P<0.001).Conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of informing older patients with hematological malignancies about the long-term risks of second primary neoplasms.Healthcare providers should carefully weigh risk factors when formulating treatment strategies.The results are valuable for investigating the fundamental principles underlying the occurrence and progression of second primary neoplasms.

Reconstruction of the abdominal wall by using a combination of the human acellular dermal matrix implant and an interpositional omentum flap after extensive tumor resection in patients with abdominal wall neoplasm: A preliminary result

AIM： To present our trial using a combination of the human acellular dermal matrix （HADM） implant and an interpositional omentum flap to repair giant abdominal wall defects after extensive tumor resection. METHODS： Between February and October of 2007, three patients with giant defects of the abdominal wall after extensive tumor resection underwent reconstruction with a combination of HADN and omentum flap. Postoperative morbidities and signs of herniation were monitored. RESULTS： The abdominal wall reconstruction was successful in these three patients, there was no severe morbidity and no signs of herniation in the follow-up period. CONCLUSION： The combination of HADM and omentum flap offers a new, safe and effective alternative to traditional forms in the repair of giant abdominal wall defects. Further analysis of the long-term outcome and more cases are needed to assess the reliability of this technique.

Abdominal wall actinomycosis simulating a malignant neoplasm:Case report and review of the literature

Abdominal wall actinomycosis is a rare disease frequently associated with the presence of an intra uterine device.We report on a case of a 47-year-old woman who had used an intrauterine device for many years and had removed it about a month prior to the identif ication of an abdominal wall abscess caused by Actinomyces israelii.The abscess mimicked a malignancy and the patient underwent a demolitive surgical treatment.The diagnosis was obtained only after histopathological examination.Postoperatively,the patient developed an infection of the wound which was treated with daily medication.The combination of long-term high dose antibiotic therapy with surgery led to successful treatment.

Diagnostic Value of Mini-laparoscopy in Patients with Abdominal Neoplasm

Objective：Blood biochemistry,ascites tests,and imaging examinations have low sensitivities in abdominal neoplasm diagnoses.In addition,exploratory laparotomy is not suitable for final stage patients.Mini-laparoscopy has recently emerged as a new diagnostic technology for abdominal disease.The aim of this research was to evaluate the value of mini-laparoscopy in diagnosing abdominal neoplasms.Methods：Clinical and operational data were retrospectively analyzed in 20 cases with pathologically confirmed abdominal malignancies.Of these,10 cases were each diagnosed by mini-laparoscopy and exploratory laparotomy.The surgical and anesthesia expenses,perioperative nursing,monitoring and treating charges,postoperative hospital stay and complications were compared between groups.Results：The surgical and anesthesia costs were statistically lower in patients who received a mini-laparoscopy （P0.01）.Perioperative drug expenses and nursing and monitoring charges were also significantly decreased （P0.05 and P0.01,respectively）.Further,the gastrointestinal function recovery time and postoperative hospital stay were significantly reduced in the mini-laparoscopy group.There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the preoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications.Conclusion：Mini-laparoscopy effectively reduces surgical injury and treatment costs,and is capable of safely diagnosing abdominal tumors.Moreover,the procedure is also easy to perform.

Intra-abdominal ectopic bronchogenic cyst with a mucinous neoplasm harboring a GNAS mutation: A case report

BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts are congenital cysts caused by abnormal sprouting from the ventral foregut during fetal life.They usually occur in the mediastinum or lung,but there are very rare cases of ectopic bronchogenic cysts that develop in the abdominal cavity.A unique intra-abdominal ectopic bronchogenic cyst with a mucinous neoplasm that was producing carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),harboring a GNAS mutation,is reported.The present case may contribute to clarifying the mechanism of tumorigenesis and malignant transformation of ectopic bronchogenic cysts.CASE SUMMARY In 2007,a man in his 50s was incidentally found to have an intra-abdominal cystic mass,8 cm in diameter.Surgical resection was recommended,but he preferred to remain under observation.In 2020,his serum CEA level increased to 26.7 ng/mL,and abdominal computed tomography showed a 15 cm×12 cm,multifocal,cystic mass located predominantly on the lesser curvature of the stomach.Since malignancy could not be ruled out,he finally underwent surgical resection.Histologically,the cystic wall was lined by ciliated columnar epithelium,accompanied by bronchial gland-like tissue,bronchial cartilage,and smooth muscle.Part of the cyst consisted of atypical columnar epithelium with an MIB-1 index of 5%and positive for CEA.Moreover,a GNAS mutation(p.R201C)was detected in the atypical epithelium,leading to a diagnosis of an ectopic bronchogenic cyst with a low-grade mucinous neoplasm.The patient is currently undergoing outpatient follow-up without recurrence.CONCLUSION An extremely rare case of an abdominal bronchogenic cyst with a low-grade mucinous neoplasm harboring a GNAS mutation was reported.

Diffusion-weighted MRI in abdominal oncology:Clinical applications

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI) provides image contrast that is different from that obtained by conventional magnetic resonance techniques.Although previously,DWI has been used to evaluate various diseases of the central nervous system,several technical advances have expanded the clinical applications of DWI beyond the central nervous system.As a result,many reports have been published on the use of DWI in abdominal diseases.Particularly,abdominal DWI has now being focused on evaluation of patients with abdominal cancer.DWI can be used for pretreatment tumor detection,characterization including predicting tumor response to therapy,monitoring tumor response during therapy,and follow-up study after treatment to detect possible tumor recurrence.

Malignant neoplasms of the uterus following radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma: a clinical study of 47 cases

Objective： To study the characteristics and clinical features of uterine neoplasms developed after radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma. Methods： Clinical data of 47 cases of uterine neoplasms occurred following radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Results： The median age at uterine neoplasms diagnosis was 62 years （range： 38-77 years）, and the median latency period from initial therapy to development of uterine neoplasms was 14 years （range： 5-35 years）. Thirty of 47 cases were endometrial carcinoma, of which 3 were uterine papillary serous carcinoma （UPSC）. Seventeen of 47 patients were uterine sarcoma, all of those were carcinosarcoma. The distribution by stage, grade, and histology of 30 cases of endometrial carcinoma was as follows： stage Ⅰb, 1 case; stage Ⅰc, 2 cases; stage Ⅱ, 6; stage Ⅲa, 4; stage Ⅲb, 2; stage Ⅲc, 11; stage Ⅳ, 4 cases; grade 1, two cases; grade 2, nine; grade 3 （include 3 UPSC patients）, seventeen; unknown grade, two; endometriod, 27; UPSC, 3 cases; 7 of 30 cases of endometrial carcinoma had recurrences （23.3%）, at median time to recurrence was 24 months, and their median survival time was 26 months. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 60% and 38%, respectively. Of the 17 cases of uterine sarcoma, the median survival was 10 months, 6 patients occurred recurrence （35.9%）, at a median time to recurrence was 9 months, and their median survival was 6 months. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 12% and 0, respectively. Conclusion： The main uterine neoplasms development after radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma is endometrial carcinomas, of which there is a preponderance of high-risk histological subtypes and a poor prognosis. Most of the uterine sarcomas occurred following radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma are carcinosarcomas and the prognosis is very poor.

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor as the Second Malignant Neoplasm in a Long-Term Survivor Child of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)is a common pediatric cancer.The second malignant neoplasms(SMNs)in long-term survivors of pediatric ALL are relatively rare.Herein we report a 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed as primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET)5 years after the initial diagnosis of ALL with radiotherapy・free treatment.PNET is an exceedingly rare neoplasm in SMNs of survivors of childhood ALL.It is predisposed to be misdiagnosed and the pathogenesis is unclear.The outcome is poor.Long-term follow-up is necessary for the survival children of ALL.

妊娠中期单孔腹腔镜剔除多发子宫肌瘤术后足月妊娠一例

子宫肌瘤在妊娠期间出现蒂扭转或红色变性可引起腹痛并诱发流产,药物保守治疗被认为是金标准,若腹痛不能缓解,必要时于妊娠期行手术治疗。手术可根据子宫肌瘤类型、大小、位置、孕周及医生经验选择开腹或腹腔镜剔除肌瘤,但是单孔腹腔镜剔除妊娠中期子宫肌瘤少有报道。报道1例妊娠中期多发子宫肌瘤变性导致先兆流产的病例,患者经磁共振成像评估为Ⅵ型子宫肌瘤,保守治疗失败后行单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术。术后继续妊娠,并成功足月分娩。报道此案例,为单孔腹腔镜在妊娠期子宫肌瘤剔除中的应用提供一定参考。

Malignant myopericytoma originating from the colon: A case report

BACKGROUND Myopericytoma is a benign tumor that typically occurs within subcutaneous tissue and most often involves the distal extremities,followed by the proximal extremities,neck,thoracic vertebrae and oral cavity.Complete resection is often curative.Malignant myopericytoma is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis.Here,we report for the first time a case of malignant myopericytoma originating from the colon.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with right upper quadrant pain for five days.Imaging suggested a liver mass with hemorrhage.A malignant hepatic tumor was the initial diagnosis.Surgical resection was performed after a complete preoperative work up.Initial postoperative pathology suggested that the mass was a malignant myoblastoma unrelated to the liver.Four months after the first surgery,an enhanced computed tomography(CT)scan revealed a recurrence of the tumor.The diagnosis of malignant myopericytoma derived from the colon was confirmed on histopathological examination of the specimen from the second surgery.The patient did not return to the hospital regularly for surveillance.The first postoperative abdominal CT examination six months after the second surgery demonstrated multiple liver metastases.Survival time between the diagnosis of the tumor to death was approximately one year.CONCLUSION Malignant myopericytoma is a rare cancer.Preoperative diagnosis may be difficult.Due to a lack of treatment options,prognosis is poor.

Clinical Course Of Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer As Second Primary Malignancy

Objective： To evaluate the clinical course of patients with small cell lung cancer （SCLC） as second primary malignancy. Methods： Among the 355 patients diagnosed with SCLC at Helen and Harry Gray Cancer Center of Hartford Hospital Connecticut USA between 1988 and 1998, the records of 48 patients, which had been diagnosed with other malignancies before their diagnosis of SCLC, were retro- spectively reviewed. Results： Forty-eight patients （13.5%） were diagnosed with other malignancies prior to their SCLC among which 43 had documented smoking history and 93% of them （40/43） were current/former smokers. Of the 28-second primary SCLC patients who were treated with standard method, 11 （39.3%） achieved CR. 12 （42.8%） achieved PR, and the RR was 82.1%. The median survival of the 28 treated with standard method was 11.3 months （5.1-77.7 months）, while that of the rest 19 untreated patients （1 of 20 was lost to follow-up） was only 2.0 months （0.5 34.0 months）. There was no significant difference in the median survival and RR between 165 treated first primary SCLC （13.5 months and 77.6% respectively） and 28 treated secondary primary SCLC （11.3 months and 82.1% respectively） （P〉0.05）. The patients who had prostate cancer were older and subjected to less treatments than those with skin cancer, so their survival was shorter than the latter （3.5 months vs. 15 months, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The response and survival of the treated patients with SCLC as a second malignancy showed no difference as compared to the treated ones with SCLC only. Therefore, an active medical treatment is important to relieve symptom and prolong survival of the second primary SCLC patients.

动态增强CT与多层螺旋CT血管成像技术联合诊断盆腹部起源不明巨大肿瘤的价值

目的研究动态增强CT与多层螺旋CT血管成像技术(MSCTA)联合用于盆腹部起源不明的巨大肿瘤的诊断价值。方法收集广东省人民医院南海医院2018年1月至2023年7月收治的96例盆腹部肿瘤患者临床资料,开展回顾性对比研究。以病理结果为金标准,分析动态增强CT与MSCTA在诊断盆腹部起源不明巨大肿瘤病变性质和病变类型中的临床价值。结果手术病理结果证实,恶性肿瘤病变66例,良性肿瘤病变30例。动态增强CT与MSCTA联合诊断盆腹部不明原因巨大肿瘤性质和病变类型的结果与手术病理结果一致性满意(Kappa值=0.832,0.911;P<0.001)。动态增强CT与MSCTA联合诊断病变性质的灵敏度为93.9%,特异度为90.0%,准确度为92.7%,阳性预测值为95.4%,阴性预测值为87.1%。手术病理结果证实,胃间质瘤23例,小肠间质瘤17例,子宫肌瘤12例,囊腺瘤22例,畸胎瘤14例,肝癌8例。MSCTA诊断病变类型的准确度为92.7%。结论动态增强CT与MSCTA联合用于盆腹部起源不明的巨大肿瘤性质和病变类型的诊断,具有较高准确性。

Risk of second primary cancers after testicular cancer in East and West Germany： a focus on contralateral testicular cancers

Testicular cancer survival rates improved dramatically after cisplatin-based therapy was introduced in the 1970s. However, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are potentially carcinogenic. The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of developing second primary cancers including the risk associated with primary histologic type （seminoma and non-seminoma） among testicular cancer survivors in Germany. We identified 16 990 and 1401 cases of testicular cancer in population-based cancer registries of East Germany （1961-1989 and 1996-2008） and Saarland （a federal state in West Germany; 1970-2008）, respectively. We estimated the risk of a second primary cancer using standardized incidence ratios （SIRs） with 95% confidence intervals （95% Cls）. To determine trends, we plotted model-based estimated annual SIRs. In East Germany, a total of 301 second primary cancers of any location were observed between 1961 and 1989 （SIR： 1.9; 95% Ch 1.7-2.1）, and 159 cancers （any location） were observed between 1996 and 2008 （SIR： 1.7; 95% Ch 1.4-2.0）. The SIRs for contralateral testicular cancer were increased in the registries with a range from 6.0 in Saarland to 13.9 in East Germany. The SIR for seminoma, in particular, was higher in East Germany compared to the other registries. We observed constant trends in the model-based SIRs for contralateral testicular cancers. The majority of reported SIRs of other cancer sites including histology-specific risks showed low precisions of estimated effects, likely due to small sample sizes. Testicular cancer patients are at increased risk especially for cancers of the contralateral testis and should receive intensive follow-ups.

Nude mice multi-drug resistance model of orthotopic transplantation of liver neoplasm and Tc-99m MIBI SPECT on p-glycoprotein

AIM: To establish a model of drug-resistant neoplasms using a nude mice model, orthotopic transplantation of liver neoplasm and sporadic abdominal chemotherapy. METHODS: Hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 were cultured and injected subdermally to form the tumor-supplying mice. The orthotopic drug-resistant tumors were formed by implanting the tumor bits under the envelope of the mice liver and induced by abdominal chemotherapy with Pharmorubicin. Physical examination, ultrasonography, spiral CT and visual inspection were used to examine tumor progression. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect expression of mdr1 mRNA and its encoded protein p-glycoprotein (p-gp). Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy was performed by obtaining planar abdominal images at 20 min after injection, and the liver/heart ratios were calculated. RESULTS: Post-implantation mortality was 0% (0/25), tumor implantation success was 90% (22/25), and the rate of implanting successfully for the second time was 100% (3/3). Tumor induction using Pharmorubicin was 80% (16/20). The mdrl mRNA expression of the induced group was 23 times higher than that of the control group, and p-gp protein expression was 13-fold higher compared to the control group. The liver/heart ratio (as assessed in vivo, using Tc-99m radiography) was decreased significantly in the induced group as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: We have established an in vivo model of mdrl in nude mice by orthotopic transplantation of liver neoplasm coupled to chemotherapy. We propose that identification of drug resistance as characterized by decreased 99mTc-ppm radiography due to enhanced clearance by p-gp may be useful in detecting in vivo drug resistance, as well as a useful tool in designing more effective therapies.

主动脉腔内修复术治疗腹主动脉瘤或夹层合并腹部恶性肿瘤

目的 观察主动脉腔内修复术(EVAR)治疗腹主动脉瘤(AAA)或腹主动脉夹层(AAD)合并腹部恶性肿瘤的价值。方法 回顾性分析17例接受EVAR治疗的AAA(n=14)/AAD(n=3)合并腹部恶性肿瘤患者,其中12例于EVAR后接受腹腔镜肿瘤切除术、1例接受开腹肿瘤切除术,4例因心肺功能欠佳仅接受药物治疗;观察EVAR治疗效果。结果 EVAR成功率为100%,术中无严重不良反应及并发症;术后1个月CTA显示支架位置良好、通畅。术后随访1~28个月,期间均未见明显并发症,亦未见AAA/AAD相关死亡病例。结论 EVAR治疗AAA/AAD合并腹部恶性肿瘤效果较佳。

胰腺导管腺癌腹腔隐匿性转移术前预测模型的构建

目的建立能有效预测胰腺导管腺癌腹腔隐匿性转移发生风险的术前预测模型。方法回顾性分析2018年9月至2020年12月我科收治的986例行手术治疗的胰腺导管腺癌患者的临床资料,将单因素分析中P≤0.2的变量纳入二元logistic回归模型,筛选出腹腔隐匿性转移的独立预测因素,并据此建立列线图预测模型。使用ROC曲线评估该预测模型预测腹腔隐匿性转移的能力。结果986例胰腺导管腺癌患者中腹腔隐匿性转移的发生率为8.42%(83/986);男593例(60.14%)、女393例(39.86%);年龄为(62.40±9.43)岁。单因素分析显示,腹腔隐匿性转移与腹痛、腹痛时间、总胆红素、前白蛋白、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶、癌胚抗原、甲胎蛋白、糖类抗原(CA)125、CA19-9、CA724、腹水、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、突破被膜、侵犯周围脏器、腹腔干侵犯程度、肠系膜上动脉侵犯程度、脾动脉侵犯程度、脾静脉侵犯程度、第9组可疑淋巴结转移、第13组可疑淋巴结转移、第14组可疑淋巴结转移、第17组可疑淋巴结转移、腹膜后存在可疑淋巴结转移、肝可疑转移瘤、肝可疑转移瘤位置、腹腔不确定性病灶、腹腔手术史有关(P均<0.05)。多因素二元logistic回归分析显示,年龄、腹水、肿瘤短径、侵犯周围脏器、肠系膜上动脉侵犯程度、第13组可疑淋巴结转移、肝可疑转移瘤、腹腔不确定性病灶、腹腔手术史是胰腺导管腺癌发生腹腔隐匿性转移的独立预测因素。基于上述独立预测因素构建列线图预测模型,该模型预测胰腺导管腺癌腹腔隐匿性转移的ROC AUC值为0.783(P=0.001),最佳临界风险评分为77.68,灵敏度为0.650,特异度为0.787。结论本研究建立的列线图预测模型有助于提高胰腺导管腺癌腹腔隐匿性转移的术前诊出率。

基于SEER数据库分析儿童、青少年及年轻成年霍奇金淋巴瘤患者第二原发恶性肿瘤的发生情况及其危险因素

目的 探讨儿童、青少年及年轻成年霍奇金淋巴瘤患者第二原发恶性肿瘤(second malignant neoplasms,SMNs)的发生情况及其危险因素,指导健康筛查策略。方法 收集1985年1月至2019年12月SEER数据库中诊断为霍奇金淋巴瘤的儿童、青少年及其年轻成年患者的病例资料,回顾性分析患者的人口学特征、临床特征与SMNs发生情况,采用单因素、多因素Cox风险回归分析其危险因素。结果 从SEER数据库共筛选了25 529例霍奇金淋巴瘤患者,平均年龄为25岁,90.4%(23 071/25 529)为经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤,临床分期为Ⅱ期的患者占48.5%(12 387/25 529);1 457例(5.7%)发生SMNs,以生殖系统肿瘤(27.5%)、血液及免疫器官肿瘤(17.7%)、头颈部肿瘤(16.3%)为主。多因素Cox回归显示,女性(HR=1.465,95%CI:1.319~1.628,P<0.001)、年龄较大(21~25岁:HR=1.259,95%CI:1.069~1.482,P=0.006;26~30岁:HR=1.315,95%CI:1.116~1.548,P=0.001;31~39岁:HR=2.034,95%CI:1.765~2.344,P<0.001)、放疗(HR=1.128,95%CI:1.011~1.260,P=0.032)是影响SMNs发生的独立危险因素。结论 儿童、青少年及年轻成年霍奇金淋巴瘤幸存者罹患SMNs的风险在治疗后持续存在,综合性别、年龄、放疗情况的SMNs危险因素,平衡治疗生存获益与SMNs风险,可指导霍奇金淋巴瘤患者治疗后的随访与SMNs筛查。

右美托咪定对老年糖尿病患者腹部肿瘤根治术后心肌损伤的影响

目的探讨右美托咪定对老年糖尿病患者腹部肿瘤根治术后心肌损伤的影响。方法选择择期行腹部肿瘤根治术的2型糖尿病患者92例,男50例,女42例,年龄≥65岁,BMI 18~28 kg/m^(2),ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级。将患者随机分为两组:右美托咪定组(D组)和对照组(C组)。D组于麻醉诱导前静脉泵注右美托咪定1μg/kg,给药时间为10~15 min,随后以0.5μg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)的速度静脉泵注至手术结束前30 min;C组给予等量生理盐水。记录入室时、术毕即刻、术后6、24 h时血浆肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)的浓度、HR和MAP。记录术中不良事件(低血压、心动过缓以及心动过速)的发生情况。记录入PACU 10 min时、出PACU时、术后6、24 h的疼痛数字评价量表(NRS)评分。记录术后拔管时间、PACU停留时间、苏醒期躁动、术后心血管事件(低血压、心动过缓、室性早搏、心肌缺血)的发生情况。结果与入室时比较,术毕即刻、术后6、24 h两组CK-MB、cTnI、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10浓度明显升高(P<0.05),SOD浓度明显降低(P<0.05),术毕即刻两组MAP明显降低(P<0.05),C组HR明显减慢(P<0.05)。与C组比较,术毕即刻、术后6、24 h D组CK-MB、cTnI、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6浓度明显降低(P<0.05),SOD、IL-10浓度明显升高(P<0.05),术毕即刻HR明显增快(P<0.05),MAP明显升高(P<0.05),术中低血压、心动过速、入PACU 10 min和出PACU NRS评分以及苏醒期躁动、术后低血压、心动过缓的发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论右美托咪定可改善老年糖尿病患者腹部肿瘤根治术后的氧化应激及炎症反应,减轻术后心肌损伤。

小儿腹部中高危神经母细胞瘤新辅助化疗CT测量评价方法比较

目的:比较小儿腹部中高危神经母细胞瘤新辅助化疗CT测量评价方法。方法:回顾性选取我院接受新辅助化疗的49例腹部中高危神经母细胞瘤,男31例,女18例,年龄2~144月。基于CT图像测量肿瘤在新辅助化疗前后的一维、二维和三维指标,并基于椭圆形公式计算肿瘤体积。逐层勾画肿瘤三维感兴趣区并得到勾画体积。计算不同测量指标在肿瘤新辅助化疗前后的改变。以勾画体积为参考标准,分析不同测量指标的相关性及一致性。结果:化疗前后的不同测量指标均与勾画体积具有显著正相关性(P均<0.001)。化疗前计算体积与勾画体积具有统计学差异(P<0.05),而化疗后计算体积与勾画体积无统计学差异(P>0.05)。化疗前后的不同测量指标比值与勾画体积比值均具有显著正相关性(P均<0.001)。计算体积比值与勾画体积比值无统计学差异(P<0.05),而一维、二维及三维测量比值与勾画体积比值均具有统计学差异(P均<0.001)。结论:一维、二维及三维测量虽然与腹部神经母细胞瘤在新辅助化疗后的体积改变均具有显著的正相关性,但均低估了腹部神经母细胞瘤对新辅助化疗的治疗反应,而根据椭圆形公式计算得出的体积改变更有助于反映腹部神经母细胞瘤在新辅助化疗后的实际改变。