Surveying and early detection of invasive weeds are essential for strategic management and monitoring. Accordingly, a weed mapping was conducted during July 2011, against native （Orobanche ramosa, Cuscuta spp., Sorgh...Surveying and early detection of invasive weeds are essential for strategic management and monitoring. Accordingly, a weed mapping was conducted during July 2011, against native （Orobanche ramosa, Cuscuta spp., Sorghum halepense and Xanthium strumarium） and non native （Abutilon theophrasti, Datura stramonium, Solanum elaeagnifolium and Verbesina encelioide） weeds of Lebanon. A global positioning system （Garmin 2006） was used for precise waypoint, elevation, navigation and distance. The result of interviewing and interacting with the residents in 95 villages distributed between the Beq＇aa and the North governorates of Lebanon, along with the observations made on the route, yielded the first detection of Abutilon theophrasti in both governorates. Solanum elaeagnifolium and Verbesina encelioide were not found in the agro-ecosystems of either governorates. This is the first report of the introduction ofAbutilon theophrasti in Lebanon and the establishment of a baseline data on weeds of Lebanon. The adoption of an integrated weed management program with a quarantine and control techniques and methods is needed to manage the spreading of weeds and to lessen their ability to adapt to a constantly changing system which uses several control practices.展开更多
为研究苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺及抗氧化活性,本研究通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺,同时采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除法、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除法和铁离...为研究苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺及抗氧化活性,本研究通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺,同时采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除法、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除法和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法等评价苘麻叶总多酚、不被吸附的多酚和总鞣质的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,苘麻叶总鞣质的最佳提取工艺为:丙酮浓度70%、液料比15.25 m L/g、提取时间20 min;在此工艺条件下,8月份、9月份和10月份采收的苘麻叶总鞣质的含量分别为(1.41±0.05)‰、(1.77±0.03)‰和(1.49±0.03)‰;苘麻叶总鞣质具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。本研究得出了苘麻叶总鞣质的高效提取工艺,且提取的总鞣质具有较好的抗氧化活性。展开更多
Nine field trials (4 in corn and 5 in soybean) were conducted over 2 years (2014 and 2015) to determine if there is greater benefit of adding ammonium sulfate (AMS) (2.5 L·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) or an equa...Nine field trials (4 in corn and 5 in soybean) were conducted over 2 years (2014 and 2015) to determine if there is greater benefit of adding ammonium sulfate (AMS) (2.5 L·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) or an equal dollar value of glyphosate (406 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) to glyphosate applied at 450, 675 or 900 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> for weed control in corn and soybean. Glyphosate applied at 450 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> controlled velvetleaf 90% to 98%, common ragweed 80% - 97%, common lambsquarters 91% - 99%, Eastern black nightshade 83% - 100% and barnyardgrass 73% - 97% in corn and common ragweed 37% - 89%, common lambsquarters 39% - 98%, barnyardgrass 90% - 98% and green foxtail 91% - 98% in soybean. The addition of AMS to glyphosate applied at 450, 675 or 900 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> provided little to no added benefit for the control of velvetleaf, common ragweed, common lambsquarters, Eastern black nightshade, barnyardgrass and green foxtail in corn and soybean. There was a greater benefit in weed control efficacy by simply adding and equal dollar value of glyphosate (406 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) than AMS (2.5 L·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) to glyphosate. There was no difference in corn or soybean yield among the herbicide treatments evaluated. Based on these results, addition of AMS to glyphosate at rates evaluated had little benefit on weed control efficacy or yield of corn and soybean.展开更多
文摘Surveying and early detection of invasive weeds are essential for strategic management and monitoring. Accordingly, a weed mapping was conducted during July 2011, against native （Orobanche ramosa, Cuscuta spp., Sorghum halepense and Xanthium strumarium） and non native （Abutilon theophrasti, Datura stramonium, Solanum elaeagnifolium and Verbesina encelioide） weeds of Lebanon. A global positioning system （Garmin 2006） was used for precise waypoint, elevation, navigation and distance. The result of interviewing and interacting with the residents in 95 villages distributed between the Beq＇aa and the North governorates of Lebanon, along with the observations made on the route, yielded the first detection of Abutilon theophrasti in both governorates. Solanum elaeagnifolium and Verbesina encelioide were not found in the agro-ecosystems of either governorates. This is the first report of the introduction ofAbutilon theophrasti in Lebanon and the establishment of a baseline data on weeds of Lebanon. The adoption of an integrated weed management program with a quarantine and control techniques and methods is needed to manage the spreading of weeds and to lessen their ability to adapt to a constantly changing system which uses several control practices.
文摘为研究苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺及抗氧化活性,本研究通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化苘麻叶总鞣质的提取工艺,同时采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除法、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除法和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法等评价苘麻叶总多酚、不被吸附的多酚和总鞣质的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,苘麻叶总鞣质的最佳提取工艺为:丙酮浓度70%、液料比15.25 m L/g、提取时间20 min;在此工艺条件下,8月份、9月份和10月份采收的苘麻叶总鞣质的含量分别为(1.41±0.05)‰、(1.77±0.03)‰和(1.49±0.03)‰;苘麻叶总鞣质具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。本研究得出了苘麻叶总鞣质的高效提取工艺,且提取的总鞣质具有较好的抗氧化活性。
文摘Nine field trials (4 in corn and 5 in soybean) were conducted over 2 years (2014 and 2015) to determine if there is greater benefit of adding ammonium sulfate (AMS) (2.5 L·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) or an equal dollar value of glyphosate (406 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) to glyphosate applied at 450, 675 or 900 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> for weed control in corn and soybean. Glyphosate applied at 450 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> controlled velvetleaf 90% to 98%, common ragweed 80% - 97%, common lambsquarters 91% - 99%, Eastern black nightshade 83% - 100% and barnyardgrass 73% - 97% in corn and common ragweed 37% - 89%, common lambsquarters 39% - 98%, barnyardgrass 90% - 98% and green foxtail 91% - 98% in soybean. The addition of AMS to glyphosate applied at 450, 675 or 900 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup> provided little to no added benefit for the control of velvetleaf, common ragweed, common lambsquarters, Eastern black nightshade, barnyardgrass and green foxtail in corn and soybean. There was a greater benefit in weed control efficacy by simply adding and equal dollar value of glyphosate (406 g·ae·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) than AMS (2.5 L·ha<sup>ˉ1</sup>) to glyphosate. There was no difference in corn or soybean yield among the herbicide treatments evaluated. Based on these results, addition of AMS to glyphosate at rates evaluated had little benefit on weed control efficacy or yield of corn and soybean.
