A multiple secret sharing scheme can share a group of secrets in each sharing session, which is very useful especially in sharing large secrets. However, most of the existing multiple secret sharing schemes are (t, n...A multiple secret sharing scheme can share a group of secrets in each sharing session, which is very useful especially in sharing large secrets. However, most of the existing multiple secret sharing schemes are (t, n) threshold schemes, so they are fit for only threshold applications and unfit for the applications of general access structures. Due to the fact that a (t, n) threshold scheme could only handle a small fraction of the secret sharing idea, a novel multi-secret sharing scheme is proposed, which is designed based on general access structures. The security of this scheme is the same as that of Shamir's threshold secret sharing scheme. Compared with the existing multiple secret sharing schemes, the proposed scheme can provide greater capabilities for many applications because it is able to deal with applications of general access structures.展开更多
Remote access is a means of accessing resources outside one’s immediate physical location. This has made employee mobility more effective and productive for most organizations. Remote access can be achieved via vario...Remote access is a means of accessing resources outside one’s immediate physical location. This has made employee mobility more effective and productive for most organizations. Remote access can be achieved via various channels of remote communication, the most common being Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). The demand for remote access is on the rise, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, and will continue to increase as most organizations are re-structuring to make telecommuting a permanent part of their mode of operation. Employee mobility, while presenting organizations with some advantages, comes with the associated risk of exposing corporate cyber assets to attackers. The remote user and the remote connectivity technology present some vulnerabilities which can be exploited by any threat agent to violate the confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA) dimensions of these cyber assets. So, how are users and remote devices authenticated? To what extent is the established connection secured? With employee mobility on the rise, it is necessary to analyze the user authentication role since the mobile employee is not under the monitoring radar of the organization, and the environment from which the mobile employee connects may be vulnerable. In this study, an experiment was setup to ascertain the user authentication roles. The experiment showed the process of 2FA in user authentication and it proved to be an effective means of improving user authentication during remote access. This was depicted via the use of what the user has (mobile phone/soft-token) as a second factor in addition to what the user knows, i.e. password. This authentication method overcomes the security weaknesses inherent in single-factor user authentication via the use of password only. However, the results also showed that though 2FA user authentication ensures security, the remote devices could exhibit further vulnerabilities and pose serious risks to the organization. Thus, a varied implementation was recommended to further enhance the security of remote access communication with regards to the remote user authentication.展开更多
At present,there are few security models which control the communication between virtual machines (VMs).Moreover,these models are not applicable to multi-level security (MLS).In order to implement mandatory access con...At present,there are few security models which control the communication between virtual machines (VMs).Moreover,these models are not applicable to multi-level security (MLS).In order to implement mandatory access control (MAC) and MLS in virtual machine system,this paper designs Virt-BLP model,which is based on BLP model.For the distinction between virtual machine system and non-virtualized system,we build elements and security axioms of Virt-BLP model by modifying those of BLP.Moreover,comparing with BLP,the number of state transition rules of Virt-BLP is reduced accordingly and some rules can only be enforced by trusted subject.As a result,Virt-BLP model supports MAC and partial discretionary access control (DAC),well satisfying the requirement of MLS in virtual machine system.As space is limited,the implementation of our MAC framework will be shown in a continuation.展开更多
Due to the rapid development of broadband access technologies, the broadband access networks have wider and wider application. However, with the development, the security issue became a public concern. Under the envir...Due to the rapid development of broadband access technologies, the broadband access networks have wider and wider application. However, with the development, the security issue became a public concern. Under the environment of access network, customers, access equipment and networks all face various threats, especially those from the user side. Such technologies and solutions as port positioning, fraud prevention on Medium Access Control (MAC) addresses and monitoring of illegal services might be the solution to the security problem existing in the current networks.展开更多
To resolve the problem of quantitative analysis in hybrid cloud,a quantitative analysis method,which is based on the security entropy,is proposed.Firstly,according to the information theory,the security entropy is put...To resolve the problem of quantitative analysis in hybrid cloud,a quantitative analysis method,which is based on the security entropy,is proposed.Firstly,according to the information theory,the security entropy is put forward to calculate the uncertainty of the system' s determinations on the irregular access behaviors.Secondly,based on the security entropy,security theorems of hybrid cloud are defined.Finally,typical access control models are analyzed by the method,the method's practicability is validated,and security and applicability of these models are compared.Simulation results prove that the proposed method is suitable for the security quantitative analysis of the access control model and evaluation to access control capability in hybrid cloud.展开更多
This paper deals with the design of an intelligent access control system based on the fingerprint sensor FPC- 1011C. The design uses the S3C2410 and TMS320VC5510A as the system processor. A fingerprint acquisition mod...This paper deals with the design of an intelligent access control system based on the fingerprint sensor FPC- 1011C. The design uses the S3C2410 and TMS320VC5510A as the system processor. A fingerprint acquisition module and a wireless alarm module were designed by using the fingerprint sensor FPC1011C and GPRS module SIM100 respectively. The whole system was implemented wireless alarm through messages and GPRS-Internet in the GSM/GPRS web. In order to achieve the simple and high Real-time system, the μC-Linux system migration was also implemented.展开更多
Security in Ad Hoc network is an important issue under the opening circumstance of application service. Some protocols and models of security auditing have been proposed to ensure rationality of contracting strategy a...Security in Ad Hoc network is an important issue under the opening circumstance of application service. Some protocols and models of security auditing have been proposed to ensure rationality of contracting strategy and operating regulation and used to identify abnormal operation. Model of security auditing based on access control of devices will be advanced to register sign of devices and property of event of access control and to audit those actions. In the end, the model is analyzed and simulated.展开更多
This paper presents an auxiliary planning method for intelligent substation access system based on security region. Firstly, the method of resolving the static voltage security region is proposed. Secondly, the method...This paper presents an auxiliary planning method for intelligent substation access system based on security region. Firstly, the method of resolving the static voltage security region is proposed. Secondly, the method of constructing the optimal index of substation accession is given, which is used to describe the priority of the node into the substation. Finally, a complete set of intelligent substation access system auxiliary planning strategy is given, which takes into account the constraints of the normal operation of the grid on the voltage amplitude.展开更多
The food insecurity experiences and related behaviors of Nigerian households during the COVID-19 lockdown have not been fully discussed. This study was conducted to elicit information on the impact of COVID-19 lockdow...The food insecurity experiences and related behaviors of Nigerian households during the COVID-19 lockdown have not been fully discussed. This study was conducted to elicit information on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on economic and behavioral patterns related to food access. An online-based semi-structured questionnaire distributed through messaging platforms was used to collect information on characteristics, food purchasing behaviour be<span>fore and during COVID-19 lockdown among respondents. Experience of</span> food insecurity was assessed using Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). A total of 883 responses were received and analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Most of the respondents (90.5%) were at home or had stopped going to work due to COVID-19 restrictions. Even though smaller households had higher food <span>expenditure claims than larger households (p = 0.012), the larger the</span> house<span>hold, the more acute the challenge of economic access to food (p = 0.050)</span>. Location (p = 0.000), age (p = 0.003), occupation (p = 0.014) and income level (p = 0.000) were associated with experience of food insecurity. In conclusion, lockdown restrictions increased food expenditure and experience of food insecurity among the respondents and thus we recommend the probe of long-term consequences of deviations from usual food access on undernutrition or overnutrition in Nigerian households.展开更多
Hadoop technology is followed by some security issues. At its beginnings, developers paid attention to the development of basic functionalities mostly, and proposal of security components was not of prime interest. Be...Hadoop technology is followed by some security issues. At its beginnings, developers paid attention to the development of basic functionalities mostly, and proposal of security components was not of prime interest. Because of that, the technology remained vulnerable to malicious activities of unauthorized users whose purpose is to endanger system functionalities or to compromise private user data. Researchers and developers are continuously trying to solve these issues by upgrading Hadoop’s security mechanisms and preventing undesirable malicious activities. In this paper, the most common HDFS security problems and a review of unauthorized access issues are presented. First, Hadoop mechanism and its main components are described as the introduction part of the leading research problem. Then, HDFS architecture is given, and all including components and functionalities are introduced. Further, all possible types of users are listed with an accent on unauthorized users, which are of great importance for the paper. One part of the research is dedicated to the consideration of Hadoop security levels, environment and user assessments. The review also includes an explanation of Log Monitoring and Audit features, and detail consideration of authorization and authentication issues. Possible consequences of unauthorized access to a system are covered, and a few recommendations for solving problems of unauthorized access are offered. Honeypot nodes, security mechanisms for collecting valuable information about malicious parties, are presented in the last part of the paper. Finally, the idea for developing a new type of Intrusion Detector, which will be based on using an artificial neural network, is presented. The detector will be an integral part of a new kind of virtual honeypot mechanism and represents the initial base for future scientific work of authors.展开更多
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology and cognitive wireless network are two promising technologies to improve the spectral efficiency of the syst...With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology and cognitive wireless network are two promising technologies to improve the spectral efficiency of the system, which have been widely concerned in the field of wireless communication. However, due to the importance of ownership and privacy protection, the IoT system must provide corresponding security mechanisms. From the perspective of improving the transmission security of CR-NOMA system based on cognitive wireless network, and considering the shortcomings of traditional relay cooperative NOMA system, this paper mainly analyzes the eavesdropping channel model of multi-user CR-NOMA system and derives the expressions of system security and rate to improve the security performance of CR-NOMA system. The basic idea of DC planning algorithm and the scheme of sub-carrier power allocation to improve the transmission security of the system were introduced. An algorithm for DC-CR-NOMA was proposed to maximize the SSR of the system and minimize the energy loss. The simulation results show that under the same complexity, the security and speed of the system can be greatly improved compared with the traditional scheme.展开更多
With the development of cloud computing, the mutual understandability among distributed data access control has become an important issue in the security field of cloud computing. To ensure security, confidentiality a...With the development of cloud computing, the mutual understandability among distributed data access control has become an important issue in the security field of cloud computing. To ensure security, confidentiality and fine-grained data access control of Cloud Data Storage (CDS) environment, we proposed Multi-Agent System (MAS) architecture. This architecture consists of two agents: Cloud Service Provider Agent (CSPA) and Cloud Data Confidentiality Agent (CDConA). CSPA provides a graphical interface to the cloud user that facilitates the access to the services offered by the system. CDConA provides each cloud user by definition and enforcement expressive and flexible access structure as a logic formula over cloud data file attributes. This new access control is named as Formula-Based Cloud Data Access Control (FCDAC). Our proposed FCDAC based on MAS architecture consists of four layers: interface layer, existing access control layer, proposed FCDAC layer and CDS layer as well as four types of entities of Cloud Service Provider (CSP), cloud users, knowledge base and confidentiality policy roles. FCDAC, it’s an access policy determined by our MAS architecture, not by the CSPs. A prototype of our proposed FCDAC scheme is implemented using the Java Agent Development Framework Security (JADE-S). Our results in the practical scenario defined formally in this paper, show the Round Trip Time (RTT) for an agent to travel in our system and measured by the times required for an agent to travel around different number of cloud users before and after implementing FCDAC.展开更多
随着云计算的快速发展及其普及,企业的传统数据安全边界被打破,出现云资产管理混乱、越权、误操作等现象,对用户的信息安全产生巨大威胁。基于此,对目前云计算环境下身份认证和访问管理(identity and access management,IAM)的安全问题...随着云计算的快速发展及其普及,企业的传统数据安全边界被打破,出现云资产管理混乱、越权、误操作等现象,对用户的信息安全产生巨大威胁。基于此,对目前云计算环境下身份认证和访问管理(identity and access management,IAM)的安全问题进行研究,提出结合内生安全思想,采取拟态防御手段构建出一种具有内生安全效应的拟态身份认证和访问管理(mimicry identity and access management,MIAM)体系架构方案,并对其进行详细描述。将该方案分别进行稳定性测试、系统性能测试以及系统安全性评估,实验数据表明,该方案具有可行性和安全性。展开更多
基金Supported bythe National Basic Research Programof China(973 Program G1999035805)
文摘A multiple secret sharing scheme can share a group of secrets in each sharing session, which is very useful especially in sharing large secrets. However, most of the existing multiple secret sharing schemes are (t, n) threshold schemes, so they are fit for only threshold applications and unfit for the applications of general access structures. Due to the fact that a (t, n) threshold scheme could only handle a small fraction of the secret sharing idea, a novel multi-secret sharing scheme is proposed, which is designed based on general access structures. The security of this scheme is the same as that of Shamir's threshold secret sharing scheme. Compared with the existing multiple secret sharing schemes, the proposed scheme can provide greater capabilities for many applications because it is able to deal with applications of general access structures.
文摘Remote access is a means of accessing resources outside one’s immediate physical location. This has made employee mobility more effective and productive for most organizations. Remote access can be achieved via various channels of remote communication, the most common being Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). The demand for remote access is on the rise, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, and will continue to increase as most organizations are re-structuring to make telecommuting a permanent part of their mode of operation. Employee mobility, while presenting organizations with some advantages, comes with the associated risk of exposing corporate cyber assets to attackers. The remote user and the remote connectivity technology present some vulnerabilities which can be exploited by any threat agent to violate the confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA) dimensions of these cyber assets. So, how are users and remote devices authenticated? To what extent is the established connection secured? With employee mobility on the rise, it is necessary to analyze the user authentication role since the mobile employee is not under the monitoring radar of the organization, and the environment from which the mobile employee connects may be vulnerable. In this study, an experiment was setup to ascertain the user authentication roles. The experiment showed the process of 2FA in user authentication and it proved to be an effective means of improving user authentication during remote access. This was depicted via the use of what the user has (mobile phone/soft-token) as a second factor in addition to what the user knows, i.e. password. This authentication method overcomes the security weaknesses inherent in single-factor user authentication via the use of password only. However, the results also showed that though 2FA user authentication ensures security, the remote devices could exhibit further vulnerabilities and pose serious risks to the organization. Thus, a varied implementation was recommended to further enhance the security of remote access communication with regards to the remote user authentication.
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Key Basic Research and Development Plan (973 Plan) of China (No. 2007CB310900) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90612018, 90715030 and 60970008).
文摘At present,there are few security models which control the communication between virtual machines (VMs).Moreover,these models are not applicable to multi-level security (MLS).In order to implement mandatory access control (MAC) and MLS in virtual machine system,this paper designs Virt-BLP model,which is based on BLP model.For the distinction between virtual machine system and non-virtualized system,we build elements and security axioms of Virt-BLP model by modifying those of BLP.Moreover,comparing with BLP,the number of state transition rules of Virt-BLP is reduced accordingly and some rules can only be enforced by trusted subject.As a result,Virt-BLP model supports MAC and partial discretionary access control (DAC),well satisfying the requirement of MLS in virtual machine system.As space is limited,the implementation of our MAC framework will be shown in a continuation.
文摘Due to the rapid development of broadband access technologies, the broadband access networks have wider and wider application. However, with the development, the security issue became a public concern. Under the environment of access network, customers, access equipment and networks all face various threats, especially those from the user side. Such technologies and solutions as port positioning, fraud prevention on Medium Access Control (MAC) addresses and monitoring of illegal services might be the solution to the security problem existing in the current networks.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60872041,61072066)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JYI0000903001,JYI0000901034)
文摘To resolve the problem of quantitative analysis in hybrid cloud,a quantitative analysis method,which is based on the security entropy,is proposed.Firstly,according to the information theory,the security entropy is put forward to calculate the uncertainty of the system' s determinations on the irregular access behaviors.Secondly,based on the security entropy,security theorems of hybrid cloud are defined.Finally,typical access control models are analyzed by the method,the method's practicability is validated,and security and applicability of these models are compared.Simulation results prove that the proposed method is suitable for the security quantitative analysis of the access control model and evaluation to access control capability in hybrid cloud.
文摘This paper deals with the design of an intelligent access control system based on the fingerprint sensor FPC- 1011C. The design uses the S3C2410 and TMS320VC5510A as the system processor. A fingerprint acquisition module and a wireless alarm module were designed by using the fingerprint sensor FPC1011C and GPRS module SIM100 respectively. The whole system was implemented wireless alarm through messages and GPRS-Internet in the GSM/GPRS web. In order to achieve the simple and high Real-time system, the μC-Linux system migration was also implemented.
文摘Security in Ad Hoc network is an important issue under the opening circumstance of application service. Some protocols and models of security auditing have been proposed to ensure rationality of contracting strategy and operating regulation and used to identify abnormal operation. Model of security auditing based on access control of devices will be advanced to register sign of devices and property of event of access control and to audit those actions. In the end, the model is analyzed and simulated.
文摘This paper presents an auxiliary planning method for intelligent substation access system based on security region. Firstly, the method of resolving the static voltage security region is proposed. Secondly, the method of constructing the optimal index of substation accession is given, which is used to describe the priority of the node into the substation. Finally, a complete set of intelligent substation access system auxiliary planning strategy is given, which takes into account the constraints of the normal operation of the grid on the voltage amplitude.
文摘The food insecurity experiences and related behaviors of Nigerian households during the COVID-19 lockdown have not been fully discussed. This study was conducted to elicit information on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on economic and behavioral patterns related to food access. An online-based semi-structured questionnaire distributed through messaging platforms was used to collect information on characteristics, food purchasing behaviour be<span>fore and during COVID-19 lockdown among respondents. Experience of</span> food insecurity was assessed using Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). A total of 883 responses were received and analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Most of the respondents (90.5%) were at home or had stopped going to work due to COVID-19 restrictions. Even though smaller households had higher food <span>expenditure claims than larger households (p = 0.012), the larger the</span> house<span>hold, the more acute the challenge of economic access to food (p = 0.050)</span>. Location (p = 0.000), age (p = 0.003), occupation (p = 0.014) and income level (p = 0.000) were associated with experience of food insecurity. In conclusion, lockdown restrictions increased food expenditure and experience of food insecurity among the respondents and thus we recommend the probe of long-term consequences of deviations from usual food access on undernutrition or overnutrition in Nigerian households.
文摘Hadoop technology is followed by some security issues. At its beginnings, developers paid attention to the development of basic functionalities mostly, and proposal of security components was not of prime interest. Because of that, the technology remained vulnerable to malicious activities of unauthorized users whose purpose is to endanger system functionalities or to compromise private user data. Researchers and developers are continuously trying to solve these issues by upgrading Hadoop’s security mechanisms and preventing undesirable malicious activities. In this paper, the most common HDFS security problems and a review of unauthorized access issues are presented. First, Hadoop mechanism and its main components are described as the introduction part of the leading research problem. Then, HDFS architecture is given, and all including components and functionalities are introduced. Further, all possible types of users are listed with an accent on unauthorized users, which are of great importance for the paper. One part of the research is dedicated to the consideration of Hadoop security levels, environment and user assessments. The review also includes an explanation of Log Monitoring and Audit features, and detail consideration of authorization and authentication issues. Possible consequences of unauthorized access to a system are covered, and a few recommendations for solving problems of unauthorized access are offered. Honeypot nodes, security mechanisms for collecting valuable information about malicious parties, are presented in the last part of the paper. Finally, the idea for developing a new type of Intrusion Detector, which will be based on using an artificial neural network, is presented. The detector will be an integral part of a new kind of virtual honeypot mechanism and represents the initial base for future scientific work of authors.
文摘With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology and cognitive wireless network are two promising technologies to improve the spectral efficiency of the system, which have been widely concerned in the field of wireless communication. However, due to the importance of ownership and privacy protection, the IoT system must provide corresponding security mechanisms. From the perspective of improving the transmission security of CR-NOMA system based on cognitive wireless network, and considering the shortcomings of traditional relay cooperative NOMA system, this paper mainly analyzes the eavesdropping channel model of multi-user CR-NOMA system and derives the expressions of system security and rate to improve the security performance of CR-NOMA system. The basic idea of DC planning algorithm and the scheme of sub-carrier power allocation to improve the transmission security of the system were introduced. An algorithm for DC-CR-NOMA was proposed to maximize the SSR of the system and minimize the energy loss. The simulation results show that under the same complexity, the security and speed of the system can be greatly improved compared with the traditional scheme.
文摘With the development of cloud computing, the mutual understandability among distributed data access control has become an important issue in the security field of cloud computing. To ensure security, confidentiality and fine-grained data access control of Cloud Data Storage (CDS) environment, we proposed Multi-Agent System (MAS) architecture. This architecture consists of two agents: Cloud Service Provider Agent (CSPA) and Cloud Data Confidentiality Agent (CDConA). CSPA provides a graphical interface to the cloud user that facilitates the access to the services offered by the system. CDConA provides each cloud user by definition and enforcement expressive and flexible access structure as a logic formula over cloud data file attributes. This new access control is named as Formula-Based Cloud Data Access Control (FCDAC). Our proposed FCDAC based on MAS architecture consists of four layers: interface layer, existing access control layer, proposed FCDAC layer and CDS layer as well as four types of entities of Cloud Service Provider (CSP), cloud users, knowledge base and confidentiality policy roles. FCDAC, it’s an access policy determined by our MAS architecture, not by the CSPs. A prototype of our proposed FCDAC scheme is implemented using the Java Agent Development Framework Security (JADE-S). Our results in the practical scenario defined formally in this paper, show the Round Trip Time (RTT) for an agent to travel in our system and measured by the times required for an agent to travel around different number of cloud users before and after implementing FCDAC.
文摘随着云计算的快速发展及其普及,企业的传统数据安全边界被打破,出现云资产管理混乱、越权、误操作等现象,对用户的信息安全产生巨大威胁。基于此,对目前云计算环境下身份认证和访问管理(identity and access management,IAM)的安全问题进行研究,提出结合内生安全思想,采取拟态防御手段构建出一种具有内生安全效应的拟态身份认证和访问管理(mimicry identity and access management,MIAM)体系架构方案,并对其进行详细描述。将该方案分别进行稳定性测试、系统性能测试以及系统安全性评估,实验数据表明,该方案具有可行性和安全性。