The corrosion inhibition of a green scale inhibitor, polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) was studied based on dynamic tests. It is found that when PESA is used alone, it had good corrosion inhibition. So, PESA should be inc...The corrosion inhibition of a green scale inhibitor, polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) was studied based on dynamic tests. It is found that when PESA is used alone, it had good corrosion inhibition. So, PESA should be included in the category of corrosion inhibitors. It is not only a kind of green scale inhibitor, but also a green corrosion inhibitor. The synergistic effect between PESA and Zn2+ or sodium gluconate is poor. However, the synergistic effect among PESA, Zn2+ and sodium gluconate is excellent, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency for carbon steel is higher than 99%. Further study of corrosion inhibition mechanism reveals that corrosion inhibition of PESA is not affected by carboxyl group, but by the oxygen atom inserted. The existence of oxygen atom in PESA molecular structure makes it easy to form stable chelate with pentacyclic structure.展开更多
In this study, large-scale production of microalgal lipid containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by fermentation of Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was performed. The microalgal strain yielded productivity o...In this study, large-scale production of microalgal lipid containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by fermentation of Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was performed. The microalgal strain yielded productivity of docosahex-aenoic acid (DHA) productivity of 1.08 and 1.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 300-L and 5000-L scale stirrer-type bioreactor. The productivity was significantly enhanced upto 5.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 6000-L scale airlift-type bioreactor, probably due to the reduced shearing force. The microalgal lipid could be efficiently recovered by safe extraction methods such as ethanol extraction, hot water extraction or supercritical fluid extraction, promising commercial potential of the microalgal DHA-rich lipid in the food and feed industry.展开更多
In this report we present the effect of different acids on the scales taken from LD plant. The main aspect of the problem is to find a suitable concentration and type of acid to reduce/remove the deposition of scale i...In this report we present the effect of different acids on the scales taken from LD plant. The main aspect of the problem is to find a suitable concentration and type of acid to reduce/remove the deposition of scale in the pipeline. The analysis is carried out using a combination of suggestions dictated by experimental evidence and suitable mathematical techniques. Result reveals that 5% solution of Hydrochloric Acid is most effective to dissolve the scale in a specified time at room temperature. The order of effectiveness to dissolve the scale deposits is HCL > HNO3 > H3NSO3> H2C2O4 > H2SO4. But when it comes to the corrosion in the pipe the order of corrosion caused by acids is HCL > H3NSO3 > HNO3. So, when we consider both the results HNO3 is the most suitable acid with respect to both scale deposition and corrosion of the pipelines. Predictions of the data are compared with experiments finding a remarkable agreement with the available data.展开更多
Bioprocess scale-down simulators are used to investigate the phenomena occurring in industrial scale cultivations. The aim is to simulate the large-scale conditions, characterized by long mixing times introducing loca...Bioprocess scale-down simulators are used to investigate the phenomena occurring in industrial scale cultivations. The aim is to simulate the large-scale conditions, characterized by long mixing times introducing local gradients into the bioreactor, in laboratory scale bioreactor. We have expanded the current physiological knowledge about the consequences of such cultivation conditions from well-known mixed-acid fermentation to amino acid metabolism. Several interesting deviations were observed for amino acids derived from pyruvate when a STR-PFR scale-down simulator and a regular STR fed-batch cultivation were compared. In this article we show that the cultivation of Escherichia coli K-12 substrain W3110 in a scale-down two-compartment bioreactor has consequences on the free amino acid pools. Repeated occurrence of high glucose zones affects the biosynthesis of amino acids derived from pyruvate. This is interesting since the pyruvate based amino acids are precursors of the branched chain amino acid pathway, which is further disturbed by an unbalanced regulation caused by a frameshift mutation in the ilvG gene of E. coli K-12 strains. As a consequence the formation of non-typical amino acid norvaline was detected in the two compartment bioreactor cultivation.展开更多
文摘The corrosion inhibition of a green scale inhibitor, polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) was studied based on dynamic tests. It is found that when PESA is used alone, it had good corrosion inhibition. So, PESA should be included in the category of corrosion inhibitors. It is not only a kind of green scale inhibitor, but also a green corrosion inhibitor. The synergistic effect between PESA and Zn2+ or sodium gluconate is poor. However, the synergistic effect among PESA, Zn2+ and sodium gluconate is excellent, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency for carbon steel is higher than 99%. Further study of corrosion inhibition mechanism reveals that corrosion inhibition of PESA is not affected by carboxyl group, but by the oxygen atom inserted. The existence of oxygen atom in PESA molecular structure makes it easy to form stable chelate with pentacyclic structure.
文摘In this study, large-scale production of microalgal lipid containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by fermentation of Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was performed. The microalgal strain yielded productivity of docosahex-aenoic acid (DHA) productivity of 1.08 and 1.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 300-L and 5000-L scale stirrer-type bioreactor. The productivity was significantly enhanced upto 5.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 6000-L scale airlift-type bioreactor, probably due to the reduced shearing force. The microalgal lipid could be efficiently recovered by safe extraction methods such as ethanol extraction, hot water extraction or supercritical fluid extraction, promising commercial potential of the microalgal DHA-rich lipid in the food and feed industry.
文摘In this report we present the effect of different acids on the scales taken from LD plant. The main aspect of the problem is to find a suitable concentration and type of acid to reduce/remove the deposition of scale in the pipeline. The analysis is carried out using a combination of suggestions dictated by experimental evidence and suitable mathematical techniques. Result reveals that 5% solution of Hydrochloric Acid is most effective to dissolve the scale in a specified time at room temperature. The order of effectiveness to dissolve the scale deposits is HCL > HNO3 > H3NSO3> H2C2O4 > H2SO4. But when it comes to the corrosion in the pipe the order of corrosion caused by acids is HCL > H3NSO3 > HNO3. So, when we consider both the results HNO3 is the most suitable acid with respect to both scale deposition and corrosion of the pipelines. Predictions of the data are compared with experiments finding a remarkable agreement with the available data.
文摘Bioprocess scale-down simulators are used to investigate the phenomena occurring in industrial scale cultivations. The aim is to simulate the large-scale conditions, characterized by long mixing times introducing local gradients into the bioreactor, in laboratory scale bioreactor. We have expanded the current physiological knowledge about the consequences of such cultivation conditions from well-known mixed-acid fermentation to amino acid metabolism. Several interesting deviations were observed for amino acids derived from pyruvate when a STR-PFR scale-down simulator and a regular STR fed-batch cultivation were compared. In this article we show that the cultivation of Escherichia coli K-12 substrain W3110 in a scale-down two-compartment bioreactor has consequences on the free amino acid pools. Repeated occurrence of high glucose zones affects the biosynthesis of amino acids derived from pyruvate. This is interesting since the pyruvate based amino acids are precursors of the branched chain amino acid pathway, which is further disturbed by an unbalanced regulation caused by a frameshift mutation in the ilvG gene of E. coli K-12 strains. As a consequence the formation of non-typical amino acid norvaline was detected in the two compartment bioreactor cultivation.
