The phylogenetic relationships among all taxa within the Acrididae （Orthoptera： Acridoidea） were largely unknown until now. In this study, to further investigations, 24 species of Acrididae from China were used as ...The phylogenetic relationships among all taxa within the Acrididae （Orthoptera： Acridoidea） were largely unknown until now. In this study, to further investigations, 24 species of Acrididae from China were used as sample taxa. The sequence constitutions and variations were analyzed and the molecular phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on the combined sequence data （795bp length in total） of 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA, using the grasshopper Pyrgomorpha conica of Pyrgomorphidae as the outgroup. The results showed that the rates of the two kinds of transitions are obviously much higher than that of the four kinds of Wansversions in these combined 12S＋16S rDNA sequence data. The saturation ofnucleotide substitutions happened in 12S and 16S rDNA sequence data. The molecular phylogenetic trees indicated that Oedipodinae is a monophyletic group and this subfamily is a natural one, but Catantopinae and Acridinae are non-monophyletic. Oedipodnae is a relatively primitive group within the Acrididae, whereas the Oxyinae may have diverged later than Oedipodinae, but earlier than most other species of Acridide.展开更多
Confusacris viridissp. nov, a new speeies of the Genus confusacris Yin et Li colleeted from Alihe (Eluncun Banner, Neimengu Autonomous Region) was described. The type specimens is deposited in Biology Department, Nort...Confusacris viridissp. nov, a new speeies of the Genus confusacris Yin et Li colleeted from Alihe (Eluncun Banner, Neimengu Autonomous Region) was described. The type specimens is deposited in Biology Department, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.展开更多
Two new species, Caryanda cyanonota sp. nov. and C. shuangjianga sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The male genitalia of C amplexicerca Ou, Liu ＆ Zheng, 2007 is complementally described. A new species group of ...Two new species, Caryanda cyanonota sp. nov. and C. shuangjianga sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The male genitalia of C amplexicerca Ou, Liu ＆ Zheng, 2007 is complementally described. A new species group of Caryanda ampIexicerca-species group is proposed to contain the above three allied species. A key to the species group is provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Biological Science Museum, Dali University （BMDU）, Yunnan Province, China.展开更多
Sexual ornaments contribute substantially to phenotypic diversity and it is particularly relevant to understand their evolution. Ornaments can assume the function of signals-of-quality that the choosy sex uses to eval...Sexual ornaments contribute substantially to phenotypic diversity and it is particularly relevant to understand their evolution. Ornaments can assume the function of signals-of-quality that the choosy sex uses to evaluate potential mating partners. Often there are no obvious direct benefits and investment into mate choice is primarily rewarded by beneficial alleles that are inherited to the offspring. Inter-sexual communication via sexual ornaments requires honesty of the sexual signal, yet the question of what maintains honesty remains only partially solved. One solution is that honesty is maintained by trait expression being dependent on individual condition, since condition-dependent trait expression offers an effectively inexhaustible source of genetic variability. Here we test in the highly sexually dimorphic club-legged grasshopper Gomphocerus sibiricus if putative sexual ornaments, in particular the striking front-leg clubs, are more strongly affected by a lipopolysaccharide （LPS） immune challenge than putatively not sexually selected traits. Our results show overall little condition-dependent expression of morphological and song traits, with sexually selected traits exhibiting effects comparable to nonsexually selected traits （with the possible exception of stridulatory file length and syllable-to-pause ratio in advertisement songs）. Interestingly, field observations of individuals of lethally parasitized individuals suggest that a very strong environmental challenge can specifically affect the expression of the front-leg clubs. The presence of 1% of males in natural populations with missing or heavily deformed clubs plus 5% with minor club deformations furthermore indicate that there are risks associated with club development during final ecdysis and this might act as a filter against deleterious alleles.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30160015)
文摘The phylogenetic relationships among all taxa within the Acrididae （Orthoptera： Acridoidea） were largely unknown until now. In this study, to further investigations, 24 species of Acrididae from China were used as sample taxa. The sequence constitutions and variations were analyzed and the molecular phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on the combined sequence data （795bp length in total） of 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA, using the grasshopper Pyrgomorpha conica of Pyrgomorphidae as the outgroup. The results showed that the rates of the two kinds of transitions are obviously much higher than that of the four kinds of Wansversions in these combined 12S＋16S rDNA sequence data. The saturation ofnucleotide substitutions happened in 12S and 16S rDNA sequence data. The molecular phylogenetic trees indicated that Oedipodinae is a monophyletic group and this subfamily is a natural one, but Catantopinae and Acridinae are non-monophyletic. Oedipodnae is a relatively primitive group within the Acrididae, whereas the Oxyinae may have diverged later than Oedipodinae, but earlier than most other species of Acridide.
文摘Confusacris viridissp. nov, a new speeies of the Genus confusacris Yin et Li colleeted from Alihe (Eluncun Banner, Neimengu Autonomous Region) was described. The type specimens is deposited in Biology Department, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30960057,31260520)
文摘Two new species, Caryanda cyanonota sp. nov. and C. shuangjianga sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The male genitalia of C amplexicerca Ou, Liu ＆ Zheng, 2007 is complementally described. A new species group of Caryanda ampIexicerca-species group is proposed to contain the above three allied species. A key to the species group is provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Biological Science Museum, Dali University （BMDU）, Yunnan Province, China.
文摘Sexual ornaments contribute substantially to phenotypic diversity and it is particularly relevant to understand their evolution. Ornaments can assume the function of signals-of-quality that the choosy sex uses to evaluate potential mating partners. Often there are no obvious direct benefits and investment into mate choice is primarily rewarded by beneficial alleles that are inherited to the offspring. Inter-sexual communication via sexual ornaments requires honesty of the sexual signal, yet the question of what maintains honesty remains only partially solved. One solution is that honesty is maintained by trait expression being dependent on individual condition, since condition-dependent trait expression offers an effectively inexhaustible source of genetic variability. Here we test in the highly sexually dimorphic club-legged grasshopper Gomphocerus sibiricus if putative sexual ornaments, in particular the striking front-leg clubs, are more strongly affected by a lipopolysaccharide （LPS） immune challenge than putatively not sexually selected traits. Our results show overall little condition-dependent expression of morphological and song traits, with sexually selected traits exhibiting effects comparable to nonsexually selected traits （with the possible exception of stridulatory file length and syllable-to-pause ratio in advertisement songs）. Interestingly, field observations of individuals of lethally parasitized individuals suggest that a very strong environmental challenge can specifically affect the expression of the front-leg clubs. The presence of 1% of males in natural populations with missing or heavily deformed clubs plus 5% with minor club deformations furthermore indicate that there are risks associated with club development during final ecdysis and this might act as a filter against deleterious alleles.
