The effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） to patients with AIDS in Hubei province of China were investigated in order to provide scientific evidence to reinforce the management of HAART. Self-made ...The effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） to patients with AIDS in Hubei province of China were investigated in order to provide scientific evidence to reinforce the management of HAART. Self-made questionnaires and descriptive method of epidemiology were used to collect and describe the changes of clinical symptoms, HIV RIgA concentration, and immune function of patients with AIDS. After HAART, the effective rate of fever, cough, diarrhea, lymphadenectasis, weight loss, tetter, debility and fimgous infection was 92.4%, 90.85%, 92.91%, 90.73%, 93.69%, 89.04%, 92.34%, and 83.1%, respectively. Of 117 patients with detected HIV RNA concentration, 41.03% had declined over 0.5 log, and 52.99% less than 0.5 log. CD4^＋T cell count was obviously increased： the average number after HAART for 3 or 6 months was 237μL （26-755μL） and 239μL （17-833μL）, respectively HAART can improve AIDS patients＇ clinical symptoms, reduce HIV RNA concentration, and maintain immune function. It is very important for the effectiveness of HAART to raise clinical adherence of pa- tients with AIDS and have a persistent surveillance.展开更多
Segmenting the lesion regions from the ultrasound （US） images is an important step in the intra-operative planning of some computer-aided therapies. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound （HIFU）, as a popular computer-...Segmenting the lesion regions from the ultrasound （US） images is an important step in the intra-operative planning of some computer-aided therapies. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound （HIFU）, as a popular computer-aided therapy, has been widely used in the treatment of uterine fibroids. However, such segmentation in HIFU remains challenge for two reasons： （1） the blurry or missing boundaries of lesion regions in the HIFU images and （2） the deformation of uterine fibroids caused by the patient＇s breathing or an external force during the US imaging process, which can lead to complex shapes of lesion regions. These factors have prevented classical active contour-based segmentation methods from yielding desired results for uterine fibroids in US images. In this paper, a novel active contour-based segmentation method is proposed, which utilizes the correlation information of target shapes among a sequence of images as prior knowledge to aid the existing active contour method. This prior knowledge can be interpreted as a unsupervised clustering of shapes prior modeling. Meanwhile, it is also proved that the shapes correlation has the low-rank property in a linear space, and the theory of matrix recovery is used as an effective tool to impose the proposed prior on an existing active contour model. Finally, an accurate method is developed to solve the proposed model by using the Augmented Lagrange Multiplier （ALM）. Experimental results from both synthetic and clinical uterine fibroids US image sequences demonstrate that the proposed method can consistently improve the performance of active contour models and increase the robustness against missing or misleading boundaries, and can greatly improve the efficiency of HIFU therapy.展开更多
The occurrence of massive CD4+ T cell depletion is one of the most prominent characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection during acute phase, resulting in unrestorable destruction to the im...The occurrence of massive CD4+ T cell depletion is one of the most prominent characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection during acute phase, resulting in unrestorable destruction to the immune system. The infected host undergoes an asymptomatic period lasting several years with low viral load and ostensibly healthy status, which is presumably due to virus-specific adaptive immune responses. In the absence of therapy, an overwhelming majority of cases develop to AIDS within 8-10 years of latent infection. In this review, we discuss the roles in AIDS pathogenesis played by massive CD4+ T lymphocytes depletion in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) during acute infection and abnormal immune activation emerging in the later part of chronic phase.展开更多
高效抗反转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)是目前针对HIV/AIDS公认有效的治疗方法,自应用于临床以来已取得了巨大的成功,但由于病毒潜伏库的存在,目前的HAART不能彻底清除HIV,因此需要改善现有疗法,以实现治愈...高效抗反转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)是目前针对HIV/AIDS公认有效的治疗方法,自应用于临床以来已取得了巨大的成功,但由于病毒潜伏库的存在,目前的HAART不能彻底清除HIV,因此需要改善现有疗法,以实现治愈AIDS的终极目标。本文对治疗HIV/AIDS的研究进展进行综述。展开更多
目的:研究影响HIV感染者/AIDS患者(people living with HIV or AIDS,PLWH)感知高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)效果的影响因素,为促进抗病毒治疗提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性调查研究方法和面对面...目的:研究影响HIV感染者/AIDS患者(people living with HIV or AIDS,PLWH)感知高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)效果的影响因素,为促进抗病毒治疗提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性调查研究方法和面对面问卷调查收集一般人口学信息、艾滋病基本知识、服药情况、服药依从性、HAART疗效自我感知等信息。采用卡方检验、秩和检验、有序分类变量logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果:共收集到321名调查对象的有效信息,艾滋病基本知识知晓率为88.16%,最近1年有259例患者开展了HIV病毒载量检测,258例病毒载量<50拷贝/mL,最近1次CD4+T细胞平均为(444.23±178.29)个/μL。70.09%的PLWH感知到治疗效果为"有效",6.23%的PLWH感知到治疗效果"非常有效"。出现不良反应后可否自行停药或者减药(OR=0.337,95%CI=0.178~0.638)、治疗前CD4+T细胞数量(OR=2.931,95%CI=1.479~5.807)和治疗持续时间(OR=0.438,95%CI=0.230~0.835)这3个变量对感知疗效有影响。结论:HAART治疗效果较好,但与感知效果存在不一致性,家人支持、服药依从性、艾滋病防治知识、治疗前CD4+T细胞水平、治疗时间对自我感知疗效有影响,建议采取心理干预、依从性教育等综合干预措施,促进PLWH自我感知效果提高。展开更多
高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)显著降低了HIV相关疾病的病死率,使HIV/AIDS的临床治疗取得了突破性进展,但HAART不能彻底清除患者体内的病毒。长期服药带来的不良反应、病毒耐药性、患者服药依从性...高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)显著降低了HIV相关疾病的病死率,使HIV/AIDS的临床治疗取得了突破性进展,但HAART不能彻底清除患者体内的病毒。长期服药带来的不良反应、病毒耐药性、患者服药依从性与经济负担等问题已成为抗病毒治疗失败的主要原因。本文就国内外AIDS抗病毒治疗的历史和现状进行回顾,并对抗病毒治疗的未来进行展望。展开更多
文摘The effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） to patients with AIDS in Hubei province of China were investigated in order to provide scientific evidence to reinforce the management of HAART. Self-made questionnaires and descriptive method of epidemiology were used to collect and describe the changes of clinical symptoms, HIV RIgA concentration, and immune function of patients with AIDS. After HAART, the effective rate of fever, cough, diarrhea, lymphadenectasis, weight loss, tetter, debility and fimgous infection was 92.4%, 90.85%, 92.91%, 90.73%, 93.69%, 89.04%, 92.34%, and 83.1%, respectively. Of 117 patients with detected HIV RNA concentration, 41.03% had declined over 0.5 log, and 52.99% less than 0.5 log. CD4^＋T cell count was obviously increased： the average number after HAART for 3 or 6 months was 237μL （26-755μL） and 239μL （17-833μL）, respectively HAART can improve AIDS patients＇ clinical symptoms, reduce HIV RNA concentration, and maintain immune function. It is very important for the effectiveness of HAART to raise clinical adherence of pa- tients with AIDS and have a persistent surveillance.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB707904)the Natural Science Foundation of China(61472289)Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation of China(2015CFB254)
文摘Segmenting the lesion regions from the ultrasound （US） images is an important step in the intra-operative planning of some computer-aided therapies. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound （HIFU）, as a popular computer-aided therapy, has been widely used in the treatment of uterine fibroids. However, such segmentation in HIFU remains challenge for two reasons： （1） the blurry or missing boundaries of lesion regions in the HIFU images and （2） the deformation of uterine fibroids caused by the patient＇s breathing or an external force during the US imaging process, which can lead to complex shapes of lesion regions. These factors have prevented classical active contour-based segmentation methods from yielding desired results for uterine fibroids in US images. In this paper, a novel active contour-based segmentation method is proposed, which utilizes the correlation information of target shapes among a sequence of images as prior knowledge to aid the existing active contour method. This prior knowledge can be interpreted as a unsupervised clustering of shapes prior modeling. Meanwhile, it is also proved that the shapes correlation has the low-rank property in a linear space, and the theory of matrix recovery is used as an effective tool to impose the proposed prior on an existing active contour model. Finally, an accurate method is developed to solve the proposed model by using the Augmented Lagrange Multiplier （ALM）. Experimental results from both synthetic and clinical uterine fibroids US image sequences demonstrate that the proposed method can consistently improve the performance of active contour models and increase the robustness against missing or misleading boundaries, and can greatly improve the efficiency of HIFU therapy.
文摘The occurrence of massive CD4+ T cell depletion is one of the most prominent characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection during acute phase, resulting in unrestorable destruction to the immune system. The infected host undergoes an asymptomatic period lasting several years with low viral load and ostensibly healthy status, which is presumably due to virus-specific adaptive immune responses. In the absence of therapy, an overwhelming majority of cases develop to AIDS within 8-10 years of latent infection. In this review, we discuss the roles in AIDS pathogenesis played by massive CD4+ T lymphocytes depletion in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) during acute infection and abnormal immune activation emerging in the later part of chronic phase.
文摘高效抗反转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)是目前针对HIV/AIDS公认有效的治疗方法,自应用于临床以来已取得了巨大的成功,但由于病毒潜伏库的存在,目前的HAART不能彻底清除HIV,因此需要改善现有疗法,以实现治愈AIDS的终极目标。本文对治疗HIV/AIDS的研究进展进行综述。
文摘目的:研究影响HIV感染者/AIDS患者(people living with HIV or AIDS,PLWH)感知高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)效果的影响因素,为促进抗病毒治疗提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性调查研究方法和面对面问卷调查收集一般人口学信息、艾滋病基本知识、服药情况、服药依从性、HAART疗效自我感知等信息。采用卡方检验、秩和检验、有序分类变量logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果:共收集到321名调查对象的有效信息,艾滋病基本知识知晓率为88.16%,最近1年有259例患者开展了HIV病毒载量检测,258例病毒载量<50拷贝/mL,最近1次CD4+T细胞平均为(444.23±178.29)个/μL。70.09%的PLWH感知到治疗效果为"有效",6.23%的PLWH感知到治疗效果"非常有效"。出现不良反应后可否自行停药或者减药(OR=0.337,95%CI=0.178~0.638)、治疗前CD4+T细胞数量(OR=2.931,95%CI=1.479~5.807)和治疗持续时间(OR=0.438,95%CI=0.230~0.835)这3个变量对感知疗效有影响。结论:HAART治疗效果较好,但与感知效果存在不一致性,家人支持、服药依从性、艾滋病防治知识、治疗前CD4+T细胞水平、治疗时间对自我感知疗效有影响,建议采取心理干预、依从性教育等综合干预措施,促进PLWH自我感知效果提高。
文摘高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)显著降低了HIV相关疾病的病死率,使HIV/AIDS的临床治疗取得了突破性进展,但HAART不能彻底清除患者体内的病毒。长期服药带来的不良反应、病毒耐药性、患者服药依从性与经济负担等问题已成为抗病毒治疗失败的主要原因。本文就国内外AIDS抗病毒治疗的历史和现状进行回顾,并对抗病毒治疗的未来进行展望。
