Astrocytes:the neglected stars in the central nervous system and drug addiction

With the advent of improved tools to examine the astrocytes,which have been believed to play a supportive role in the central nervous system(CNS)for years,their participation in the operation of the CNS and drug addiction was unveiled.Assisting the formation and function of the CNS,astrocytes are involved in physiological and pathological brain activities.Drug addiction is a pervasive psychiatric disorder,characterized by compulsive drug-taking behavior and high rate of relapse,impacting individual health and society stability and safety.When exposed to drugs of abuse,astrocytes go through a series of alterations,contributing to the development of addiction.Here we review how astrocytes contribute to the CNS and drug addiction.We hope that understanding the interaction between addictive drugs and astrocytes may help discover new mechanisms underlying the addiction and produce novel therapeutic treatments.

COP9信号小体基因缺失对新型隐球酵母菌嗜中枢性的影响与机制研究

目的探讨COP9信号小体（CSN）基因缺失对新生隐球酵母菌嗜中枢性的影响及可能机制,为研究抗真菌药物作用靶点提供实验数据。方法 2014年7月以环磷酰胺免疫抑制C57BL/6小鼠,尾静脉注射H99株、COP9信号小体CSN1201基因缺失株及生理盐水,构建小鼠静脉注射感染模型H99组、CSN1201△及对照组各10只;所有数据采用SPSS 15.0进行分析。结果 H99组小鼠脑组织真菌培养在12h即出现菌落生长,生长速度迅速,PAS染色可见隐球酵母菌菌体;CSN1201△组及对照组脑组织培养结果为阴性,PAS染色未见隐球酵母菌菌体;H99组小鼠脑组织RhoA蛋白表达水平值随时间增加而增加,与对照组相比,24~72h该蛋白表达显著增加（P〈0.05）;Rac1及Cdc42蛋白表达未随时间变化,但与对照组相比蛋白表达也明显增加（P〈0.05）。结论COP9信号小体CSN1201基因缺失能够降低新生隐球酵母菌穿越血脑屏障的能力,其影响途径可能与脑微血管内皮细胞紧密连接蛋白细胞骨架重排的调控有关。