目的研究含荧光标记ZsGreen的9型重组腺相关病毒(rAAV9)转染目的基因microRNA-21前体(pre-miR-21)至大鼠心肌的转染效率、表达时间及安全性。方法用冠脉注射方法转染PBS及rAAV9-Zs-Green-pre-miR-21 1.0×1010vg/只、1.0×1011...目的研究含荧光标记ZsGreen的9型重组腺相关病毒(rAAV9)转染目的基因microRNA-21前体(pre-miR-21)至大鼠心肌的转染效率、表达时间及安全性。方法用冠脉注射方法转染PBS及rAAV9-Zs-Green-pre-miR-21 1.0×1010vg/只、1.0×1011vg/只、1.0×1012vg/只至SD大鼠心肌,倒置荧光显微镜观察心肌组织荧光表达并计算转染效率,Realtime PCR方法测定miR-21表达,超声心动图观察大鼠心功能。结果冠脉注射后7 d PBS组未见绿色荧光,余各组大鼠心肌均可观察到少量绿色荧光表达,第14天达高峰,之后呈下降趋势。14 d高病毒量组较其他中、低病毒量组转染效率明显高([73.7±8.4)%vs(39.6±4.8)%,(P<0.001)];([73.7±8.4)%vs(24.1±4.2)%,(P<0.001)]。14 d miR-21表达在低、中、高病毒量组较PBS组分别增加1.51倍、2.89倍及4.43倍。rAAV9转染后对大鼠心功能无影响(P>0.05)。结论 rAAV9-Zs-Green-pre-miR-21可以有效、持久、安全地在大鼠心肌表达。展开更多
Genome editing through adeno-associated viral(AAV) vectors is a promising gene therapy strategy for various diseases,especially genetic disorders. However, homologous recombination(HR) efficiency is extremely low in a...Genome editing through adeno-associated viral(AAV) vectors is a promising gene therapy strategy for various diseases,especially genetic disorders. However, homologous recombination(HR) efficiency is extremely low in adult animal models. We assumed that increasing AAV transduction efficiency could increase genome editing activity, especially HR efficiency, for in vivo gene therapy. Firstly, a mouse phenylketonuria(PKU) model carrying a pathogenic R408W mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase(Pah) was generated. Through co-delivery of the general AAV receptor(AAVR), we found that AAVR could dramatically increase AAV transduction efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, co-delivery of SaCas9/sgRNA/donor templates with AAVR via AAV8 vectors increased indel rate over 2-fold and HR rate over 15-fold for the correction of the single mutation in Pah;mice. Moreover, AAVR co-injection successfully increased the site-specific insertion rate of a 1.4 kb Pah cDNA by 11-fold, bringing the HR rate up to 7.3% without detectable global off-target effects. Insertion of Pah cDNA significantly decreased the Phe level and ameliorated PKU symptoms. This study demonstrates a novel strategy to dramatically increase AAV transduction which substantially enhanced in vivo genome editing efficiency in adult animal models, showing clinical potential for both conventional and genome editing-based gene therapy.展开更多
Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect less than 200000 individuals within the United States.Most orphan diseases are of neurologic and genetic origin.With the current advances in technology,more funding has be...Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect less than 200000 individuals within the United States.Most orphan diseases are of neurologic and genetic origin.With the current advances in technology,more funding has been devoted to developing therapeutic agents for patients with these conditions.In our review,we highlight emerging options for patients with neurologic orphan diseases,specifically including diseases resulting in muscular deterioration,epilepsy,seizures,neurodegenerative movement disorders,inhibited cognitive development,neuron deterioration,and tumors.After extensive literature review,gene therapy offers a promising route for the treatment of neurologic orphan diseases.The use of clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/Cas9 has demonstrated positive results in experiments investigating its role in several diseases.Additionally,the use of adeno-associated viral vectors has shown improvement in survival,motor function,and developmental milestones,while also demonstrating reversal of sensory ataxia and cardiomyopathy in Friedreich ataxia patients.Antisense oligonucleotides have also been used in some neurologic orphan diseases with positive outcomes.Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors are currently being investigated and have reduced abnormal cell growth,proliferation,and angiogenesis.Emerging innovations and the role of genetic treatments open a new window of opportunity for the treatment of neurologic orphan diseases.展开更多
Genetic neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by abnormal neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes,affecting individuals worldwide.While the subject has been heavily researched,current treatment options r...Genetic neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by abnormal neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes,affecting individuals worldwide.While the subject has been heavily researched,current treatment options relate mostly to alleviating symptoms,rather than targeting the altered genome itself.In this review,we address the neurogenetic basis of neurodevelopmental disorders,genetic tools that are enabling precision research of these disorders in animal models,and postnatal gene-therapy approaches for neurodevelopmental disorders derived from preclinical studies in the laboratory.展开更多
Gene editing has recently emerged as a promising technology to engineer genetic modifications precisely in the genome to achieve long-term relief from corneal disorders.Recent advances in the molecular biology leading...Gene editing has recently emerged as a promising technology to engineer genetic modifications precisely in the genome to achieve long-term relief from corneal disorders.Recent advances in the molecular biology leading to the development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated systems,zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator like effector nucleases have ushered in a new era for high throughput in vitro and in vivo genome engineering.Genome editing can be successfully used to decipher complex molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology,develop innovative next generation gene therapy,stem cell-based regenerative therapy,and personalized medicine for corneal and other ocular diseases.In this review we describe latest developments in the field of genome editing,current challenges,and future prospects for the development of personalized genebased medicine for corneal diseases.The gene editing approach is expected to revolutionize current diagnostic and treatment practices for curing blindness.展开更多
文摘目的研究含荧光标记ZsGreen的9型重组腺相关病毒(rAAV9)转染目的基因microRNA-21前体(pre-miR-21)至大鼠心肌的转染效率、表达时间及安全性。方法用冠脉注射方法转染PBS及rAAV9-Zs-Green-pre-miR-21 1.0×1010vg/只、1.0×1011vg/只、1.0×1012vg/只至SD大鼠心肌,倒置荧光显微镜观察心肌组织荧光表达并计算转染效率,Realtime PCR方法测定miR-21表达,超声心动图观察大鼠心功能。结果冠脉注射后7 d PBS组未见绿色荧光,余各组大鼠心肌均可观察到少量绿色荧光表达,第14天达高峰,之后呈下降趋势。14 d高病毒量组较其他中、低病毒量组转染效率明显高([73.7±8.4)%vs(39.6±4.8)%,(P<0.001)];([73.7±8.4)%vs(24.1±4.2)%,(P<0.001)]。14 d miR-21表达在低、中、高病毒量组较PBS组分别增加1.51倍、2.89倍及4.43倍。rAAV9转染后对大鼠心功能无影响(P>0.05)。结论 rAAV9-Zs-Green-pre-miR-21可以有效、持久、安全地在大鼠心肌表达。
基金partially supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFA0110802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670470 and 81873685)+2 种基金grants from the Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (18411953500 and 20140900201)a grant from the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2019-01-07-00-05-E00054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Genome editing through adeno-associated viral(AAV) vectors is a promising gene therapy strategy for various diseases,especially genetic disorders. However, homologous recombination(HR) efficiency is extremely low in adult animal models. We assumed that increasing AAV transduction efficiency could increase genome editing activity, especially HR efficiency, for in vivo gene therapy. Firstly, a mouse phenylketonuria(PKU) model carrying a pathogenic R408W mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase(Pah) was generated. Through co-delivery of the general AAV receptor(AAVR), we found that AAVR could dramatically increase AAV transduction efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, co-delivery of SaCas9/sgRNA/donor templates with AAVR via AAV8 vectors increased indel rate over 2-fold and HR rate over 15-fold for the correction of the single mutation in Pah;mice. Moreover, AAVR co-injection successfully increased the site-specific insertion rate of a 1.4 kb Pah cDNA by 11-fold, bringing the HR rate up to 7.3% without detectable global off-target effects. Insertion of Pah cDNA significantly decreased the Phe level and ameliorated PKU symptoms. This study demonstrates a novel strategy to dramatically increase AAV transduction which substantially enhanced in vivo genome editing efficiency in adult animal models, showing clinical potential for both conventional and genome editing-based gene therapy.
文摘Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect less than 200000 individuals within the United States.Most orphan diseases are of neurologic and genetic origin.With the current advances in technology,more funding has been devoted to developing therapeutic agents for patients with these conditions.In our review,we highlight emerging options for patients with neurologic orphan diseases,specifically including diseases resulting in muscular deterioration,epilepsy,seizures,neurodegenerative movement disorders,inhibited cognitive development,neuron deterioration,and tumors.After extensive literature review,gene therapy offers a promising route for the treatment of neurologic orphan diseases.The use of clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/Cas9 has demonstrated positive results in experiments investigating its role in several diseases.Additionally,the use of adeno-associated viral vectors has shown improvement in survival,motor function,and developmental milestones,while also demonstrating reversal of sensory ataxia and cardiomyopathy in Friedreich ataxia patients.Antisense oligonucleotides have also been used in some neurologic orphan diseases with positive outcomes.Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors are currently being investigated and have reduced abnormal cell growth,proliferation,and angiogenesis.Emerging innovations and the role of genetic treatments open a new window of opportunity for the treatment of neurologic orphan diseases.
基金supported by grants from Fritz Thyssen Stiftung,Brain Boost Innovation Center by Sagol School of Neuroscience at TAU,and SPARK Tel Avivsupported by the Eshkol Fellowship from The Ministry of Science and Technologythe recipient of The Alon Fellowship for outstanding young researchers awarded by the Israeli Council for Higher Education。
文摘Genetic neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by abnormal neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes,affecting individuals worldwide.While the subject has been heavily researched,current treatment options relate mostly to alleviating symptoms,rather than targeting the altered genome itself.In this review,we address the neurogenetic basis of neurodevelopmental disorders,genetic tools that are enabling precision research of these disorders in animal models,and postnatal gene-therapy approaches for neurodevelopmental disorders derived from preclinical studies in the laboratory.
文摘Gene editing has recently emerged as a promising technology to engineer genetic modifications precisely in the genome to achieve long-term relief from corneal disorders.Recent advances in the molecular biology leading to the development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated systems,zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator like effector nucleases have ushered in a new era for high throughput in vitro and in vivo genome engineering.Genome editing can be successfully used to decipher complex molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology,develop innovative next generation gene therapy,stem cell-based regenerative therapy,and personalized medicine for corneal and other ocular diseases.In this review we describe latest developments in the field of genome editing,current challenges,and future prospects for the development of personalized genebased medicine for corneal diseases.The gene editing approach is expected to revolutionize current diagnostic and treatment practices for curing blindness.
