Impact of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis on exercise and sports participation: Patient and parent perspectives

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)may limit physical activity due to intestinal or extraintestinal manifestations,fatigue,or exercise perception.We sought to evaluate the influence of IBD diagnosis on exercise and sports participation in a pediatric population.We compared patient-reported and parent-reported perspectives.AIM To evaluate the influence of IBD diagnosis on exercise and sports participation in a pediatric population.METHODS Consecutive IBD outpatients(aged 10-18 years)and their parents completed parallel voluntary surveys.A validated,patient-reported functional activity scale,the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale(HSS Pedi-FABS)was used to assess children’s activity levels.RESULTS There were 149 completed surveys(75%response rate)with mean participant age of 16.5 years[standard deviation(SD)=4.0]and mean age at IBD diagnosis of 11.8 years(SD=3.4).Most patients(77%)were diagnosed within 12 mo of symptom onset.Current athletic participation was reported in 65%across 65 sports.Participation was greatest before(40%)rather than after(32%)IBD diagnosis,with no reported change in 28%.IBD negatively impacted play/performance in 45%but did not change play/performance in 44%.IBD treatment improved patients’desire to exercise(70%)and subjective capacity for aerobic exercise(72%).Patients and parents agreed that IBD subjects demonstrate normal capacity for aerobic exercise(0.40,95%CI:0.22-0.58)and that treatment improved both participatory desire(0.33,95%CI:0.12-0.54)and capacity for aerobic exercise(0.52,95%CI:0.31-0.71).Almost all(99%)viewed exercise as healthy,and most encouraged its practice.IBD patients demonstrated normal mean HSS Pedi-FABS scores.CONCLUSION After pediatric IBD diagnosis,most patients continue exercise and sports,with mean activity levels comparable to American youth.Treatment positively impacts participatory desire and aerobic capacity.Patients favor the role of exercise in IBD.

Measuring the effect of opportunity cost of time on participation in sports and exercise

Background: There is limited research on the association between opportunity cost of time and sports and exercise due to lack of data on opportunity cost of time. Using a sample of 14142 adults from Health Survey for England (2006), we develop and test a composite index of opportunity cost of time (to address the current issues with data constraint on opportunity cost of time) in order to explore the relationship between opportunity cost of time and sports participation. Methods: Probit regression models are fitted adjusting for a range of covariates. Opportunity cost of time is measured with two proxy measures: a) composite index (consisting of various indicators of wage earnings) constructed using principal component analysis;and b) education and employment, approach in the literature. We estimate the relative impact of the composite index compared with current proxy measures, on prediction of sports participation. Findings: Findings suggest that higher opportunity cost of time is associated with increased likelihood of sports participation, regardless of the time intensity of activity or the measure of opportunity cost of time used. The relative impacts of the two proxy measures are comparable. Sports and exercise was found to be positively correlated with income. Another important positive correlate of sports and exercise is participation in voluntary activity. The research and policy implications of our findings are discussed.

Updated overview on interplay between physical exercise,neurotrophins,and cognitive function in humans

The many important benefits of physical exercise also encompass maintenance or improvement of cognitive functions. Among the variousmechanisms underlying the association between physical exercise and brain health, recent evidence attests that neurotrophin receptor signalingmay have an important role, because the activation of this pathway leads to growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses, supportsaxonal and dendritic growth, fosters synaptic plasticity, and preserves survival of existing neurons. In this review of published evidence, we highlightthat a positive relationship exists between physical exercise and circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and that the postexercisevariation of this molecule is associated with improvement of neurocognitive functioning. Less clear evidence has instead been published forother neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4. Overall, promotion of adequate volumes and intensities ofphysical exercise (i.e., approximately 3 months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, with 2—3 sessions/week lasting not less than 30 min)may hence be regarded as an inexpensive and safe strategy for boosting brain-derived neurotrophic factor release, thus preserving or restoringcognitive functions.

An overview of ischemic preconditioning in exercise performance:A systematic review

Ischemic preconditioning(IPC)is an attractive method for athletes owing to its potential to enhance exercise performance.However,the effectiveness of the IPC intervention in the field of sports science remains mitigated.The number of cycles of ischemia and reperfusion,as well as the duration of the cycle,varies from one study to another;Thus,the aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive review examining the IPC literature in sports science.A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed(MEDLINE)(from 1946 to May 2018),Web of Science(sport sciences)(from 1945 to May 2018),and EMBASE(from 1974 to May 2018).We included all studies investigating the effects of IPC on exercise performance in human subjects.To assess scientific evidence for each study,this review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.The electronic database search generated 441 potential articles that were screened for eligibility.A total of 52 studies were identified as eligible and valid for this systematic review.The studies included were of high quality,with 48 of the 52 studies having a ran?domized,controlled trial design.Most studied showed that IPC intervention can be beneficial to exercise performance.However,IPC intervention seems to be more beneficial to healthy subjects who wish to enhance their performance in aerobic exercises than athletes.Thus,this systematic review highlights that a better knowledge of the mechanisms generated by the IPC intervention would make it possible to optimize the protocols according to the characteristics of the subjects with the aim of suggesting to the subjects the best possible experience of IPC intervention.

Effects of different flui replacements on serum HSP70 and lymphocyte DNA damage in college athletes during exercise at high ambient temperatures

Purpose：The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flui replacement by water or sports drinks on serum heat shock protein 70（HSP70） levels and DNA damage during exercise at a high ambient temperature.Methods：Ten male college athletes with an athletic career ranging from 6 to 11 years were recruited from Yonsei University.The subjects ran on a treadmill at 75% of heart rate reserve during 4 different trials：thermoneutral temperature at 18℃（T）,high ambient temperature at 32℃ without flui replacement（H）,high ambient temperature at 32℃ with water replacement（HW）,and high ambient temperature at 32℃ with sports drink replacement（HS）.During each condition,blood samples were collected at the pre-exercise baseline（PEB）,immediately after exercise（IAE）,and60 min post-exercise.Results：Skin temperature significant y increased during exercise and was significant y higher in H compared to T and HS at IAE.Meanwhile,serum HSP70 was significant y increased in all conditions at IAE compared to PEB and was higher in H compared to T at the former time point.Significant y increased lymphocyte DNA damage（DNA in the tail,tail length,tail moment） was observed in all trials at IAE compared to PEB,and attenuated DNA damage（tail moment） was observed in HS compared to H at IAE.Conclusion：Acute exercise elevates serum HSP70 and induces lymphocyte DNA damage.Fluid replacement by sports drink during exercise at high ambient temperature can attenuate HSP response and DNA damage by preventing dehydration and reducing thermal stress.

Impact of training specificity on exercise-induced cardiac troponin elevation in professional athletes: A pilot study

BACKGROUND Release of cardiac biomarkers is common after strenuous endurance exercise,but data on intermittent exercise are scarce.It has not been investigated whether cardiac troponin elevation is influenced depending on the type of exercise that an athlete is adapted to perform.We hypothesized that intermittent but not continuous exercise induces cardiac troponin elevation in professional athletes adapted to high-intensity intermittent exercise.AIM To examine how training specificity impacts high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)release.METHODS Nine professional floorball players participated in the study,which comprised two different exercise tests:a continuous incremental cycle ergometer test and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery 2(Yo-Yo IR2)test.Serial assessment of hs-cTnT was performed after the cycle ergometer test and the Yo-Yo IR2 test(baseline,0,2,6,and 24 h).RESULTS No hs-cTnT elevation above the myocardial damage cutoff(≥14 ng/L)was shown after the cycle ergometer test,whereas hs-cTnT levels rose over the cutoff in three of nine participants after the Yo-Yo IR2 test.The hs-cTnT levels peaked at 6 h after both tests,but were significantly higher after the Yo-Yo IR2 test compared to the cycle ergometer test(median hs-cTnT concentration 10.6 ng/L vs 7.8 ng/L,P=0.038).All levels returned to baseline within 24 h.CONCLUSION In professional athletes adapted to high-intensity intermittent exercise,hs-cTnT was significantly elevated after intermittent but not continuous exercise.This principle of specificity training should be considered when designing future studies to avoid misinterpretation of hs-cTnT elevation.

Changes of Cardiac Biomarkers after High-intensity Exercise in Male and Female Elite Athletes of Dragon Boating

Abstract： This study investigated the effects of three sport-specific high-intensity training units on cardiac biomarker alteration in elite athletes of dragon boating. Thirty six male （age 33 ± 9） and twenty nine female （age 31 ±8） elite athletes, members of the German national team, were examined in their final training camp preparing for world championship. At two time points blood panels （pre-training and one hour post-training） were collected and concentrations of high sensitive troponin T, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide （NT-pro BNP）, ereatine phosphokinase （CPK）, MB-creatine kinase （CKMB） and myoglobin were assessed. After exercise, serum levels ofNT-pro BNP, CPK, myoglobin and CKMB increased significantly （P 〈 0.01 for each） with only few values exceeding the upper reference limits. High sensitive troponin T remained below the limit of detection both before and after exercise in all athletes. Significant gender-related differences were found with a higher increase ofNT-pro BNP levels in female athletes （P 〈 0.01） compared to males. In contrast, male athletes displayed a significant higher increase of CPK （P 〈 0.01） and myoglobin （P 〈 0.01） compared to female athletes. In conclusion, three high-intensity training units did not lead to elevated high sensitive troponin T concentrations in elite athletes of dragon boating but to significant increases ofNT-pro BNP, CPK and myoglobin levels. This suggests that high-intensity training units do not lead to a cardiac injury in these athletes.

运动联合二甲双胍对2型糖尿病乳酸代谢的影响:叠加还是拮抗作用

2型糖尿病常伴有乳酸代谢异常。运动与二甲双胍为2型糖尿病的一线治疗方式,被《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》推荐联合使用。单独使用时,运动与二甲双胍均会影响乳酸代谢;但是,二者联合使用对乳酸代谢的影响尚未明确。文章总结了乳酸代谢与2型糖尿病、运动及二甲双胍的关系及相关机制,探讨运动和二甲双胍联合使用对2型糖尿病患者乳酸代谢的影响;并提出运动类型、服药剂量、运动时间和服药时间等相关因素的搭配问题,为2型糖尿病患者运动处方制定提供更多的理论参考。

心脏康复运动疗法结合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗慢性心衰的效果分析

目的:探讨心脏康复运动疗法结合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗慢性心衰(CHF)的效果。方法:选取120例CHF患者为研究对象,按照治疗方式不同将患者分为对照组与观察组,每组各60例。对照组接受沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗;观察组在此基础上接受心脏康复运动治疗。治疗3个月后,比较两组患者心肺功能指标、无创血流动力学参数及运动耐力水平。结果:治疗后,两组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室收缩期末容量(LVESV)及左心室舒张期末容量(LVEDV)均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者左心室收缩期末内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张期末内径(LVEDD)均低于治疗前(P<0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC及最大通气量(MVV)均高于治疗前及对照组;两组患者心排血量、心排血指数、每搏输出量、每搏指数、6 min步行距离(6MWD)、运动峰耗氧量(PVO_(2))及氧脉搏(VO_(2)/HR)均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:心脏康复运动治疗结合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗有利于改善CHF患者心肺功能及血流动力参数,提升运动耐力。

智能运动处方助推全民健身发展的逻辑、困境与路径

人工智能在全民健身领域表现出广阔的应用前景,而融合人工智能的运动处方对推动全民健身高质量发展具有重要意义。该研究采用文献资料法、专家访谈法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,在回顾智能运动处方发展历史的基础上,探讨了智能运动处方助推我国全民健身发展的基本逻辑、现实困境与优化路径。研究认为:(1)智能运动处方主要经历了发展初期、发展上升期和全面发展期;(2)智能运动处方助推全民健身发展的过程中,政策法规提供了基本依据,学科交叉提供了创新驱动,健康升级提供了内生动力;(3)智能运动处方助推全民健身发展面临着政策法规跟进缓慢、科技自主创新不足、市场机制与用户需求脱节等现实困境。据此,提出了智能运动处方助推全民健身发展的优化路径:细化完善政策法规,切实发挥制度支撑导向作用;大力发展智能科技,持续强化技术创新驱动作用;始终紧盯用户需求,逐步激活市场调节作用。

中国式现代化视域下家庭体育锻炼行为决策模型构建研究

目的:构建家庭体育锻炼行为决策模型,分析家庭体育锻炼行为决策的多维影响因素,为中国式现代化进程中家庭体育行为决策提供参考。方法:采用斯特劳斯(Strauss)编码程序,借助“Nvivo12.0Plus”软件对研究资料进行三级编码,搭建家庭体育锻炼行为决策结构框架;通过项目分析、探索性和验证性因素分析,并借助SPSS24.0和AMOS24.0软件对决策结构指标进行优化,构建家庭体育锻炼行为决策模型。结果:提取410个行为决策标签化节点,抽绎30条内容相对集中的概念,归纳7个核心类属,彼此间相互关联和作用形成家庭体育锻炼行为决策结构框架;决策结构指标优化得到30个观测指标,且通过项目分析检验;探索性因素分析依次剔除3个未通过检验的观测指标,变异累积率趋于稳定,达到63.278%;家庭体育锻炼行为决策模型拟合指数为GFI=0.925、AGFI=0.911、CFI=0.919、RMSEA=0.051;项目信度大于0.3,组成信度大于0.7,收敛效度大于0.36;相关性权重法得出家庭体育锻炼行为决策权重。结论:家庭体育锻炼行为决策模型适配度高,模型拟合理想,模型具备较高的信效度;家庭体育锻炼行为决策受个体特质、家庭氛围、居住环境、家庭资本、生活习惯、时间分配和健康程度7个因子的影响,因子间存在两两配对的相关性,表现为一个七维交互影响的联动机制;决策程度由大到小依次是个体特质、家庭氛围、居住环境、家庭资本、生活习惯、时间分配和健康程度,家庭体育锻炼行为决策通过多个因素的共同作用实现。

关于应用功率负荷参数指导运动健康干预的初步探索及实用方案

目的:通过开展应用功率负荷参数指导运动健康干预的初步探索实验,探究可实施的应用功率负荷参数指导运动健康干预的实用方案。方法:基于本团队前期利用S-TAG等可穿戴实时功率监测设备所进行的功率负荷运动健康干预的初步探索工作,评估功率负荷强度方案的可行性与有效性,结合相关文献及国内外既往经验,形成最终的运动健康干预方案。结果:不同风险水平的人群基于使用S-TAG所进行功率负荷指导的运动干预,心肺耐力均获得了改善,且改善效果与传统方法相当。在此基础上,本文总结出应用功率负荷参数指导的运动健康干预方案,包括形成干预前健康筛查和风险评估、体质测试、功率负荷参数指导的运动健康干预方案和常见不良事件的处置方法。建议:在不同健康水平人群中,运动功率作为运动强度指标指导运动健康干预的方案需规范、个体化;关注运动干预过程中常见不良事件,并在发生时及时处理。

健康操与认知任务训练在帕金森伴认知障碍患者中的应用

目的探讨健康操结合认知任务训练在帕金森合并轻度认知障碍(Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment,PD-MCI)患者中的应用效果。方法选取南通市第四人民医院2021年9月—2023年3月收治的PD-MCI患者90例,依照随机分配原则分为2组,各45例。对照组采取常规健康教育及常规训练,观察组在上述基础上采取健康操结合认知任务训练,为期6个月。对比2组干预前后认知功能[蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)、简易精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分]、跌倒风险[修订版跌倒效能量表(modified fall efficacy scale,MFES)评分]、运动功能[帕金森综合评分量表3(unified Parkinson's disease rating scale-Ⅲ,UPDRS-Ⅲ)评分]、平衡能力[起立-行走测试(timed up and go test,TUG)]。结果干预后,观察组MoCA、MMSE评分分别为(23.81±2.30)分、(23.59±1.80)分,较干预前升高,且高于对照组的(20.13±2.55)分、(20.78±2.32)分(P<0.05)。干预后,2组MFES评分较干预前升高,观察组为(7.34±0.59)分,高于对照组的(6.42±0.77)分(P<0.05);2组UPDRS-Ⅲ评分较干预前下降,观察组为(16.52±2.21)分,低于对照组的(18.15±2.04)分(P<0.05)。干预后,2组单任务TUG、双任务TUG时间均较干预前缩短,观察组为(11.44±0.70)s、(18.39±1.44)s,短于对照组的(13.54±1.26)s、(21.26±1.53)s(P<0.05)。结论健康操结合认知任务训练在PD-MCI患者中应用效果良好,能改善患者认知功能和运动功能,提高平衡能力,降低跌倒风险。

体卫融合式课程在医药院校体育教学中的实践研究

该研究在文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法的基础上,结合该课题组近10年的融合性教学经验和研究成果,设计并实践了体卫融合式课程,通过学生参与体卫融合式课程前后的问卷调研、体质测试,了解学生运动时长和身体素质的变化,并通过分析体卫融合式课程对学生产生影响的原因,探究体卫融合式课程在医药院校体育教学中开展的优越性,以及与我国大学生健康促进的需求匹配度。

体育类短视频对大学生参与体育锻炼的影响研究

随着网络技术的不断发展和手机使用的普及,观看手机短视频已经成为大学生了解各种信息的重要方法。体育类短视频作为体育信息的新型传播媒介,也凭借其“短、平、快”的特点得到广泛普及,已然成为大学生日常学习生活中的一部分,并且对大学生参与体育锻炼造成很大的影响。调查研究显示,体育类短视频对大学生参与体育锻炼的内容、类型、时长、频率和目的均有一定的影响。

师范类专业认证背景下体育教育专业运动生理学教学改革探索

该文采用文献资料法、调研法、逻辑分析法,分析体育教育专业运动生理学教学中存在的问题,以师范专业认证标准的“学生中心,产出导向,持续改进”的基本理念为指导方针,探索教学改革措施。主要措施如下:熟知体育教育专业学生毕业要求,以“学生中心”设定课程目标;根据设定的课程目标,以“产出导向”反向设计课程内容;多种教学方法相结合,注重学生能力的培养;立足过程,完善教学评价,注重持续发展。

河北省农村留守儿童身心健康提升策略研究

城镇化以来,中国流动人口的数量越来越大,在推动经济发展的同时,背后所带来的儿童问题也不容忽视。尤其是留守儿童身心健康问题,对儿童成长将会产生巨大的影响。国家层面应制定相关的政策,家庭、社会、学校需采取积极的应对措施,提升对农村留守儿童身心健康问题的关注和解决力度,这将对留守儿童身心健康产生巨大的影响。基于此,通过抽样调查法了解河北省部分地区留守儿童身心健康现状,并从国家政策,家庭、社会、学校方面提出针对性建议,以期为提升河北省留守儿童身心健康水平提供一定的理论依据。

运动手环结合IMB模型宣教在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用

目的探究运动手环监测结合IMB健康宣教在促进CHF患者运动依从性中的应用价值。方法选取2021年4月-2023年3月于本院治疗的CHF患者80例,将所有患者按随机数字表法平均分为对照组与观察组,其中对照组(n=40)采用IMB模型健康宣教干预,观察组(n=40)采用运动手环监测结合IMB模型健康宣教干预。比较2组干预前、后运动依从性、运动耐力、ABI水平。结果干预前2组依从性、6min步行距离、ABI比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组高度依从率高于对照组,6min步行距离、ABI水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论运动手环监测结合IMB模型健康宣教在提升CHF患者运动依从性和运动能力方面具有一定积极意义。

京津冀三地家庭体育锻炼行为的实证研究

体育锻炼对于拓展京津冀三地体育发展空间,丰富群众生活,培养体育人才,提高全民族身体素质、生活质量,促进经济社会协调发展,具有重要意义。本研究结合国内外已有的研究成果,采用京津冀三地城市居民体育健身休闲活动状况调查数据,从家庭结构层面研究京津冀三地居民体育锻炼行为,调研论证了京津冀三地居民体育锻炼的参与方式、家庭成员锻炼程度与目的、锻炼项目与接受指导情况以及与不同变量之间的相关性。研究结果从实证层面检验了家庭体育锻炼各微观层面的内在联系:京津冀三地居民体育锻炼方式首选和朋友、同事一起,其次是个人锻炼,再次是与家人一起;与家人一起参加体育锻炼的人员中,经常参加体育锻炼的居民占比87%,家庭参与正成为京津冀居民体育锻炼的主要方式之一;随着青少年年龄的增长,父母有更多时间直接参加体育锻炼,经常参加体育锻炼的比例逐渐加大。

积极老龄化背景下主动健康与体育促进:内涵、定位与个性方案

在全球老龄化背景下,推动老年人主动健康是时代之需也是国家之需。运用文献资料、逻辑推理等研究方法,探究主动健康与体育促进之间的逻辑、定位与策略,对实现健康中国和积极应对人口老龄化国家战略目标,助推中国式现代化建设具有重要的意义。研究认为:体育促进老年群体主动健康在价值、导向和目的三方面形成内涵耦合,体现出主动健康与体育促进在内在取向、发展规律和共同愿景之间的紧密联系;体育在促进老年群体主动健康中的定位亟待厘清,应从体育促进主动健康的有限性和限制性、个体亲身参与和长期坚持的必要性两方面精确定位。研究提出:(1)体育促进老年群体主动健康的个性化方案设计应依照个体特征的多维差异、运动方案的功能差异以及个体的适应性差异,遵循安全性、有效性和可持续性原则。(2)老年群体个性化运动方案的制定需要遵循运动筛查、测评、制定目标、个性化指导、计划调试等基本流程,重视运动方案设计以及数据分析和长期追踪,为老年群体制定适当、有效的个性化运动方案。