Multi-agent Based Hierarchy Simulation Models of Carrier-based Aircraft Catapult Launch

With the aid of multi-agent based modeling approach to complex systems, the hierarchy simulation models of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch are developed. Ocean, carrier, aircraft, and atmosphere are treated as aggregation agents, the detailed components like catapult, landing gears, and disturbances are considered as meta-agents, which belong to their aggregation agent. Thus, the model with two layers is formed i.e. the aggregation agent layer and the meta-agent layer. The information communication among all agents is described. The meta-agents within one aggregation agent communicate with each other directly by information sharing, but the meta-agents, which belong to different aggregation agents exchange their information through the aggregation layer first, and then perceive it from the sharing environment, that is the aggregation agent. Thus, not only the hierarchy model is built, but also the environment perceived by each agent is specified. Meanwhile, the problem of balancing the independency of agent and the resource consumption brought by real-time communication within multi-agent system （MAS） is resolved. Each agent involved in carrier-based aircraft catapult launch is depicted, with considering the interaction within disturbed atmospheric environment and multiple motion bodies including carrier, aircraft, and landing gears. The models of reactive agents among them are derived based on tensors, and the perceived messages and inner frameworks of each agent are characterized. Finally, some results of a simulation instance are given. The simulation and modeling of dynamic system based on multi-agent system is of benefit to express physical concepts and logical hierarchy clearly and precisely. The system model can easily draw in kinds of other agents to achieve a precise simulation of more complex system. This modeling technique makes the complex integral dynamic equations of multibodies decompose into parallel operations of single agent, and it is convenient to expand, maintain, and reuse the program codes.

Emulating a System Dynamics Model with Agent-Based Models: A Methodological Case Study in Simulation of Diabetes Progression

An agent-based simulation model hierarchy emulating disease states and behaviors critical to progression of diabetes type 2 was designed and implemented in the DEVS framework. This model was built to approximately reproduce some essential findings that were previously reported for a rather complex model of diabetes progression. Our models are translations of basicelements of this previously reported system dynamics model of diabetes. The system dynamics model, which mimics diabetes progression over an aggregated US population, was disaggregated and reconstructed bottom-up at the individual (agent) level. Four levels of model complexity were defined in order to systematically evaluate which parameters are needed to mimic outputs of the system dynamics model. The four estimated models attempted to replicate stock counts representing disease states in the system dynamics model while estimating impacts of an elderliness factor, obesity factor and health-related behavioral parameters. Health-related behavior was modeled as a simple realization of the Theory of Planned Behavior, a joint function of individual attitude and diffusion of social norms that spread over each agent’s social network. Although the most complex agent-based simulation model contained 31 adjustable parameters, all models were considerably less complex than the system dynamics model which required numerous time series inputs to make its predictions. All three elaborations of the baseline model provided significantly improved fits to the output of the system dynamics model, although behavioral factors appeared to contribute more than the elderliness factor. The results illustrate a promising approach to translate complex system dynamics models into agent-based model alternatives that are both conceptually simpler and capable of capturing main effects of complex local agent-agent interactions.

An agent-based simulation with NetLogo platform to evaluate forward osmosis process(PRO Mode)

Forward osmosis(FO), as an emerging technology, is influenced by different factors such as operating conditions,module characteristics, and membrane properties. The general aim of this study was to develop a suitable(flexible,comprehensive, and convenient to use) computational tool which is able to simulate osmosis through an asymmetric membrane oriented in pressure retarded osmosis(PRO) mode in a wide variety of scenarios. For this purpose, an agent-based model was created in NetLogo platform, which is an easy-to-use application environment with graphical visualization abilities and well suited for modeling a complex system evolving over time. The simulation results were validated with empirical data obtained from literature and a great agreement was observed. The effect of various parameters on process performance was investigated in terms of temperature,cross-flow velocity, length of the module, pure water permeability coefficient, and structural parameter of the membrane. Results demonstrated that the increase in all parameters, except structural parameter of the membrane and the length of module led to the increase of average water flux. Moreover, nine different draw solutes were selected in order to assess the influence of net bulk osmotic pressure difference between the draw solution(DS) and feed solution(FS)(known as the driving force of FO process) on water flux. Based on the findings of this paper, the performance of FO process(PRO mode) can be efficiently evaluated using the NetL ogo platform.

A Combined Discrete Event—Agent Based Approach to Modeling Tensile Strength of One-Dimensional Fibrous Materials. Face Validation and Effect of the Basic Model Parameters

A combined method of discrete event and agent based modelling has been applied to the computer modelling and simulation of the tensile strength of one-dimensional fibrous materials (ODFM). This combined method is based on the concept of discrete event simulation as being applied to the modeling of the structure of the fiber flow and on the concept of agent based modelling for modelling and simulation of the fiber interaction within the structure of the fibrous material. Frictional and traction forces arise as the result of this fiber interaction. A model of the ODFM tensile strength, which is based on the slippage effect, is created and studied in this research. Only frictional and traction forces determine the tensile strength in this kind of the model. The article examines the validation problem of the slippage effect based tensile strength model and questions regarding the strength potential estimation through variation in the parameters of the model.

Agent-Based Modeling: An Application to Natural Resource Management

Computer programs have been categorized as a useful tool to evaluate the complexity of systems. In fact, agent-based modeling (ABM) is considered a new method to model complex systems characterized by the role of independent and interrelating agents. Simulations contribute in estimating and comprehending emerging behaviors that require the development of new regulations for local agents that would make improvements to the system. This paper offers an example of a methodology and a process utilized to develop a simulation model named Befergyonet, an ABM used to conduct computer simulations within a spatio-intertemporal environment. The methodology discussed in this paper is intended solely to stimulate the use of innovative computer programs to simulate complex systems as an approach to represent real world events and may be a methodological guide for readers interested in developing their own ABM.

Simulation Technology of Environmental Impacts by Zero-energy Residential Buildings Based on Emergy Analysis Method

This paper presents a simulation technology of environmental impact for the building. By emergy analysis method,emergy costs of building( or construction engineering) can be calculated in the life cycle. It includes the engineering cost, environmental cost and social cost of building. Through integrating GIS technology with multi-agent technology,life cycle substance and energy metabolism of building( construction engineering) can be simulated and their environmental influence can be dynamically displayed. Based on the case study of entries works‘Sunny Inside'by Xiamen University in 2013 China International Solar Decathlon Competition,we discovered the changing pattern of surrounding environmental impact from waste streams of the zero-energy building and ordinary construction. The simulation results verified and showed the Odum principles of maximum power. This paper provides a new research perspective and integration approach for the environmental impact assessment in building and construction engineering. The result will help decision-making in design and construction engineering scheme.

Simulation of Old Urban Residential Area Evolution Based on Complex Adaptive System

On the basis of complex adaptive system theory, this paper proposed an agent-based model of old urban residential area, in which, residents and providers are the two adaptive agents. The behaviors of residents and providers in this model are trained with back propagation and simulated with Swarm software based on environment-rules-agents interaction. This model simulates the evolution of old urban residential area and analyzes the relations between the evolution and urban management with the background of Chaozhou city. As a result, the following are obtained ： （ 1 ） Simulation without government intervention indicates the trend of housing ageing, environmental deterioration, economic depression, and social filtering-down in old urban residential area. If the development of old urban residential area is under control of developers in market, whose desire is profit maximization, and factors such as social justice, historic and culture value will be ignored. （2） If the government carries out some policies and measures which will perfectly serve their original aims, simulation reveals that old urban residential area could be adapted to environment and keep sustainable development. This conclusion emphasizes that government must act as initiator and program maker for guiding residents and other providers directly in the development of old urban residential area.

Carbon Tax and Renewable Energy Diffusion in the Deregulated Texas Electricity Market: An Agent-Based Analysis

In the United States, emission regulations are enacted at a state level;individual states are allowed to define what methods they will use to mitigate their carbon emissions. The consequence of this is especially interesting in the state of Texas where new legislation has created a “deregulated” electricity market in which end-users are capable of choosing their electricity provider and subsequently the type of electricity they wish to consume (generated by fossil fuels or renewable sources). In this paper we analyze the effects of carbon tax on the development of renewable generation capacity at the utility level while taking into account expected adoption of rooftop PV systems by individual consumers using agent based modeling techniques. Monte Carlo simulations show carbon abatement trends and proffer updated renewable portfolio standards at various levels of likelihood.

基于ABMS的体系效能评估框架研究

分析了基于信息系统武器装备体系基本特征和仿真评估要求,研究了基于Agent建模仿真(Agentbased modeling and simulation,ABMS)方法的体系效能仿真开发和评估过程,针对基于信息系统武器装备体系仿真评估的要求,建立了由体系效能评估准备、联合作战想定编辑、ABMS体系仿真引擎、作战过程表现及战果统计,以及体系效能综合评估等组成的体系效能评估技术参考框架,并通过开发相关系统验证了框架的合理性和实用性。

基于ABMS的矿工习惯性违章行为演化仿真

为探讨矿工习惯性违章行为(HVB)形成演化机理,基于复杂适应系统(CAS)理论、习惯领域(HD)理论和多主体建模方法(ABMS),构建HVB动态演化模型。利用Netlogo仿真平台设计仿真试验,动态模拟不同作业情境中组织、管理者、群体、矿工等多主体间的交互行为及其对HVB的影响。结果表明:矿工HVB形成演化系统是一个多主体交互作用的CAS;各主体对HVB的形成和固化作用效力有差异,安全执行力、安全督导和安全奖惩、示范性规范、安全意识对HVB形成和固化的作用效力较大。企业可通过调节各主体行为,实现HVB治理的自然演化和强制演化。

基于ABMS的CEC体系效能仿真分析

基于Agent的建模仿真(Agent Based Modeling and Simulation,ABMS)方法被普遍认为是军事作战研究特别是网络中心战(Network Centric Warfare,NCW)环境下进行作战研究的重要方法。采用ABMS仿真方法进行了CEC(Cooperative Engagement Capability)体系效能仿真分析。在体系效能分析仿真平台的支持下建立了面向CEC体系效能分析的Agent模型框架,确定了Agent实体间的探测、通信和毁伤交互关系。以舰艇编队数量和进攻强度和平台中心战(Platform CentricWarfare,PCW)、NCW和CEC指挥体制作为实验设计参数进行了批量仿真实验。通过与传统CEC体系效能分析结果的对比,发现了与传统的CEC体系效能分析研究存在的差异和原因,揭示了CEC对舰艇编队防空效能的贡献主要源于体系层次的行为控制。

基于ABMS的智慧城市建筑废弃物综合管理系统仿真

为了探讨不同调控政策下的建筑废弃物综合管理效益问题,本文采用Agent建模仿真技术对深圳市建筑废弃物管理现状进行了系统分析,并借助智慧城市信息化数据平台构建了深圳市建筑废弃物综合管理系统仿真模型。利用Repast Simphony仿真平台模拟了不同政策情景下政策调控对系统运作效益的影响,研究表明各利益相关者对于建筑废弃物管理的态度及各利益相关者之间的交互作用对于建筑废弃物的有效管理起着重要作用;同时,以深圳市2012年基本政策为基准,从经济层面看,实施宣传教育政策效益最佳,如果考虑环境层面,则同时实施分类分拣、从量收费及宣传教育三种政策效益最佳。研究成果可为政府制定相关管理政策提供一定的理论与技术支撑。

陆军作战复杂系统ABMS机理研究

研究陆军作战复杂系统,需要解决两个不可回避的基本问题。一是怎样利用复杂性理论研究陆军作战系统的复杂性,即怎样借鉴复杂性理论构建复杂性思维模式。要解决这个问题,首先必须弄清复杂性理论概念的核心原理。二是在复杂性思维模式下,怎样进行陆军作战复杂系统的ABMS。要解决这个问题,首先必须弄清陆军作战复杂系统ABMS的机理所在。就这两个问题,在研究复杂性理论概念核心原理的基础上,构建了复杂性思维模式框架——复杂性分析二维结构,并由此探索了陆军作战复杂系统ABMS的机理:二维结构、"四个要素"、基本过程和陆战Agent模型框架,为陆军作战复杂系统的ABMS奠定了基础。

基于ABMS的员工安全意识涌现模型

为增强员工的安全意识,减少员工的不安全行为,利用复杂系统的涌现特性和多主体建模与仿真(ABMS)方法,构建员工安全意识涌现模型。运用Netlogo软件,通过调节员工、管理者、组织的主体属性值,动态模拟不同社会环境中员工安全意识的变化趋势。结果表明,安全意识是多主体交互影响的一种涌现现象,且各主体属性对员工安全意识的影响程度存在差异。受教育程度和安全培训水平对员工安全意识作用较大,管理者的情绪智力及企业对安全的重视程度次之,同时社会舆论压力对于员工安全意识存在双向影响。

基于ABMS的煤矿井下逃生模型研究

为探讨煤矿井下发生事故时矿工逃生的可能性及逃生结果,帮助矿工在复杂的井下环境及突发事故中实现安全逃生,利用基于Agent的建模仿真方法在Re Past仿真平台上建立了煤矿井下逃生模型。通过对该模型进行分析,设计出了模型运行所需的三个主要的类:Coal Mine Model、Coal Mine Space和Coal Mine Agent;为了对模型中三个类的关系进行详细的解释和说明,利用UML类图对模型中三个类的关系进行了分析,并利用时序图对模型的运行流程进行了详细分析;最后在Re Past仿真平台上利用Java对模型进行了仿真实现,通过结果显示界面和数据统计界面可以对仿真结果进行实时观测。结果表明,利用该模型可以较好地对井下逃生进行仿真,并且能够有效降低井下人员的死亡率,提高井下矿工逃生成功的比率。

采用ABMS方法的煤炭企业服务化绩效的影响机制研究

本研究认为煤炭企业服务化转型是促进产业结构调整与升级的有效措施。为了分析服务化对企业绩效的影响机制,将服务化分为服务创新与组织创新两个维度,并采用基于Agent的建模仿真(Agent-Based Modeling And Simulation, ABMS)方法和CobbDouglas生产函数构建企业服务化创新多Agent仿真模型,通过确定管理者、员工、科研机构和政府等Agent及其属性,借助Netlogo仿真平台模拟组织变革水平、知识获取水平和政策支持对服务化绩效的影响程度。结果表明:组织变革水平与服务化绩效之间呈S型曲线关系;知识获取水平与服务化绩效之间呈倒U型曲线关系;政策支持与服务化绩效具有显著的正向影响。多Agent仿真模型促进了服务化对绩效影响的定量化分析研究,为煤炭企业决策提供了有效依据。

基于PERT和ABMS的装备体系保障效能评估方法研究

装备体系的保障直接影响了装备体系的作战效果,而装备体系保障效能评估具有范围大、层次多、要素全、流程长等特点。针对飞机装备的体系化作战需求,分析了飞机装备体系保障效能评估的难点。面向飞机装备保障任务的时序性及其建模需求,设计了基于PERT的机场保障建模方法,建立了面向装备体系保障活动的PERT进程模型。提出了基于ABMS的可组合装备体系作战模型框架,定义了面向体系效能分析的保障实体类型、装备对象、交互关系和交互对象的建模概念。鉴于定性分析方法难以胜任装备体系保障的效能评估,采用基于决策树的定量分析方法分析了保障要素对体系作战效能的影响,为面向体系作战的装备保障正向设计提供了一种定量分析手段。最后,通过典型应用案例的仿真实验,验证了前述方法和模型的有效性。

基于ABMS的无人机编队协同制空任务效能评估

无人机是海空作战的重要力量,制空作战是未来无人机的重要任务之一。为研究无人机编队协同制空作战的制胜机理,评估无人机编队协同制空作战效能:首先,对无人机编队协同制空任务进行分析,明确典型作战过程;然后,采用基于Agent的建模与仿真(Agent-based modeling and simulation,ABMS)方法,构建攻击型无人机、预警型无人机和空空导弹的Agent模型,开展多无人机协同制空作战仿真和效能分析。结果表明,无人机探测距离、编队内攻击型无人机的数量,以及编队内有无预警型无人机,这些都将对作战效能产生重要影响,该结论可为无人机协同作战运用提供参考。

Agent-based simulation of alternative classroom evacuation scenarios

Due to the growing number of emergency accidents occurring around students, evacuation issues have become significantly important for both school officials and architects. Simply following construction codes cannot ensure that a building＇s layout is suitable for evacuation behaviors; therefore, to discover the suitable planning schemes, we have introduced an agentbased simulation model via Netlogo to investigate the interrelationships between evacuation efficiency and classroom layouts. Before conducting modeling experiments, both the simulation structure and the sensitivity to its parameter settings are examined by validation research and sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, to demonstrate the importance of conducting fire drills with students, two different types of behavior rules are designed to reflect the distinctive characteristics of students evacuating without instructions and students evacuating in good order. The general comparison results show us that the classroom layout with two exits shortens students＇ evacuation time, and the premeditated behavior rules, meaning that students who follow preset instructions to arrange their activities, not only escape faster but also have some advantages in ensuring their safety during the evacuation process. Moreover, at the end of this paper, several methods of improving this simulation model are proposed for more complex research in the future.