Effect of SiC content on dry sliding wear, corrosion and corrosive wear of Al/SiC nanocomposites

The corrosion, corrosive wear and dry sliding wear of nanocomposites, are extremely complicated and involve various chemical, physical anbd mechanical factors. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of nanosized SiC content on the hardness, dry sliding wear, corrosion and corrosive wear of Al/SiC nanocomposites synthesized by mechanical milling cold pressing and hot extrusion. The corrosion resistance of these composites in 3%NaCl solution was investigated by electrochemical polarization testing and their dry sliding as well as corrosive wear resistance in the same solution was evaluated using a pin-on-disc tester. The microstructures of the samples and their worn surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that the dry sliding wear and corrosion resistance of these nanocomposites were improved with the increase of SiC content. It was concluded that due to the lubrication effect of the solution, both the friction coefficient and frictional heat that might soften the material were reduced. In addition, the improved strength of the nanocomposites combined with their better corrosion resistance contributed to their increased corrosive wear resistance, compared with the base alloy. The prominent wear mechanism in the unreinforced alloy was adhesive wear, in the Al/SiC nanocomposites, the wear mechanism changed to abrasive.

Bulk Al/SiC nanocomposite prepared by ball milling and hot pressing method

Nano-sized Al/SiC powders were prepared by mechanical alloying method. Two sorts of SiC particle, i.e., nano-sized and popular micron-sized SiC were utilized. The particle size and microstructure of the milled powder were characterised. Effects of the particle size and agglomerate state of SiC, as well as the microstructure of Al/SiC nanocomposite were studied by SEM and TEM. The results show that nano-sized SiC particles is dispersed in aluminium uniformly after ball milled for only 2 h, whereas the similar process need about 10 h for popular micron-sized SiC particle. The bulk Al/SiC nanocomposite can be fabricated by hot pressing the nano-sized Al/SiC powders at temperature about 723 K under pressure of 100 MPa.

PIEZOSPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AROUND INDENTATIONS IN SiC/Al_O_3 NANOCOMPOSITE

A new experimental measurement of residual stresses around Vickers′ indentations on the surface of the SiC/Al 2O 3 nanocomposites is proposed with the aid of a Raman microprobe. Results s how that the shifts of R lines in the fluorescence spectra va ry with the distance from the centre of indentation. The magnitude of load appli ed on the surface of the materials through the indenter influences the shifts of R lines to great extent. The luminescence of R lines of the materials before indenting is used to determine the residual stresses around the indentation in the materials, assuming that the stress tensor is transversely isotropic. Final ly, the term of hydrostatic stress is adopted to explain and compare different residual stresses around indentations with the increase of the indenting load an d the distance from the centre of indentations. <

PIEZOSPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AROUND INDENTATIONS IN SiC/AlO3 NANOCOMPOSITE

A new experimental measurement of residual stresses around Vickers′ indentations on the surface of the SiC/Al 2O 3 nanocomposites is proposed with the aid of a Raman microprobe. Results s how that the shifts of R lines in the fluorescence spectra va ry with the distance from the centre of indentation. The magnitude of load appli ed on the surface of the materials through the indenter influences the shifts of R lines to great extent. The luminescence of R lines of the materials before indenting is used to determine the residual stresses around the indentation in the materials, assuming that the stress tensor is transversely isotropic. Final ly, the term of hydrostatic stress is adopted to explain and compare different residual stresses around indentations with the increase of the indenting load an d the distance from the centre of indentations. 【

Beneficial effects of Co^(2+) on co-electrodeposited Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating

Ni-SiC nanocomposites were fabricated by co-electrodeposition of nickel with silicon carbide nanoparticles on the pure nickel substrates from a nickel sulfate bath with and without the addition of Co2+. The presence of Co2+ in the electrolyte modifies the Ni matrix to Ni-Co solid solution matrix. It helps to refine the grain size of the nanocomposite coating and improves the content of SiC dispersed in the matrix, and consequently results in higher microhardness. The cathodic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at cathodic potential were investigated in the electrolyte with and without Co2+. A modified cathodic polarization curve with a positive shift in reduction potential and a smaller capacitive loop of EIS are observed. These are attributed to the strong adsorption of Co2+ on the SiC nanoparticles. Consequently, it increases the forces of electrostatic attraction between the SiC nanoparticles and the cathode, which promotes the codeposition of SiC nanoparticles in the matrix.

Mechanism for thermite reactions of aluminum/iron-oxide nanocomposites based on residue analysis

Sol-gel method was employed to combine Al and iron-oxide to form nanocomposites （nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3）. SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to characterize the nanocomposites and the results indicated that nano-Al and micro-Al were compactly wrapped by amorphous iron-oxide nanoparticles （about 20 nm）, respectively. The iron-oxide showed the mass ratio of Fe to O as similar as that in Fe2O3. Thermal analyses were performed on two nanocomposites, and four simple mixtures （nano-Al＋xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al＋xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3） were also analyzed. There were not apparent distinctions in the reactions of thermites fueled by nano-Al. For thermites fueled by micro-Al, the DSC peak temperatures of micro-Al/Xero-Fe2O3 were advanced by 68.1 ℃ and 76.8 ℃ compared with micro-Al＋xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, respectively. Four thermites, namely, nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, were heated from ambient temperature to 1020 ℃, during which the products at 660 ℃ and 1020 ℃ were collected and analyzed by XRD. Crystals of Fe, FeAl2O4, Fe3O4,α-Fe2O3, Al,γ-Fe2O3, Al2.667O4, FeO andα-Al2O3 were indexed in XRD patterns. For each thermite, according to the specific products, the possible equations were given. Based on the principle of the minimum free energy, the most reasonable equations were inferred from the possible reactions.

重掺杂p型SiC晶片Ni/Al欧姆接触特性

系统研究了Al和Ni/Al两种金属体系在重掺杂p型SiC晶片上的欧姆接触特性和电学性质。利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和综合物性测量系统对这两种电极表面的微观结构和样品的电学性质进行了表征。结果表明:在真空环境下经过800℃退火后Al电极可呈现出欧姆接触行为,其比接触电阻率为1.98×10^(-3)Ω·cm^(2),退火处理后Al电极与SiC在接触界面形成化合物Al_(4)C_(3),有助于提高接触界面稳定性。在Ni/Al复合体系中,当Ni金属层厚度为50 nm时,其比接触电阻率显著降低至4.013×10^(-4)Ω·cm^(2)。退火后Ni与SiC在接触界面生成的Ni_(2)Si有利于欧姆接触的形成和降低比接触电阻率。研究结果可为开发液相法生长的p型SiC晶片电子器件提供参考。

Layered Foam/Film Polymer Nanocomposites with Highly Efficient EMI Shielding Properties and Ultralow Reflection

Lightweight,high-efficiency and low reflection electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding polymer composites are greatly desired for addressing the challenge of ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution.Lightweight layered foam/film PVDF nanocomposites with efficient EMI shielding effectiveness and ultralow reflection power were fabricated by physical foaming.The unique layered foam/film structure was composed of PVDF/SiCnw/MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx)composite foam as absorption layer and highly conductive PVDF/MWCNT/GnPs composite film as a reflection layer.The foam layer with numerous heterogeneous interfaces developed between the SiC nanowires(SiCnw)and 2D MXene nanosheets imparted superior EM wave attenuation capability.Furthermore,the microcellular structure effectively tuned the impedance matching and prolonged the wave propagating path by internal scattering and multiple reflections.Meanwhile,the highly conductive PVDF/MWCNT/GnPs composite(~220 S m^(−1))exhibited superior reflectivity(R)of 0.95.The tailored structure in the layered foam/film PVDF nanocomposite exhibited an EMI SE of 32.6 dB and a low reflection bandwidth of 4 GHz(R<0.1)over the Kuband(12.4-18.0 GHz)at a thickness of 1.95 mm.A peak SER of 3.1×10^(-4) dB was obtained which corresponds to only 0.0022% reflection efficiency.In consequence,this study introduces a feasible approach to develop lightweight,high-efficiency EMI shielding materials with ultralow reflection for emerging applications.

Optimization of process parameters for producing AA6061/SiC nanocomposites by friction stir processing

Design of experiment （DOE） was applied to determining the most important factors which influence ultimate tensile strength （UTS） of AA6061/SiC nanocomposites produced by friction stir processing （FSP）. Effect of four factors, including rotational speed, transverse speed, tool penetration depth and pin profile, on UTS, was investigated. By Taguchi method, the optimum of process parameters were determined. Analysis of variance shows that the rotational speed is the most influential parameter. The statistical results depict that UTS for threaded pin is larger than that for square pin. Also, the higher the rotational speed and the lower the transverse speed, the higher the UTS.

Electrodeposition of Ni-SiC nanocomposite film

The point of zero charge(PZC) of SiC nanoparticles was determined by means of standard potentiometric titration method, while the influences of the main technological parameters on the microstructure of electrodeposited Ni-SiC composite film were studied and optimized. The results show that high bath pH value favors SiC nanoparticles negatively charged and high bath temperature promotes them positively charged. Under the experimental conditions, sodium dodecyl-glycol is proven to be an effective surface modification anionic surfactant for SiC nanoparticles. The results also show that the optimized Ni-SiC composite film is composed of the nanoparticles with the average grain size in the nanometer range (100 nm), and SiC nanoparticles disperse into the nickel matrix uniformly.

Preparation and Microstructure of Cu/Ti_3SiC_2 Nanocomposite

Mixed micron-sized Cu/Ti3SiC2 （vo15%） powder was mechanically milled using agate balls and zirconia balls separately. Then followed an examination of it with the FEI-SEM. The experimental results show that, distributed homogenously in Cu matrix, the Ti3SiC2 particles have a size of about 30-50 nm after milled with agate balls for 8 h, while it remains approximately unchanged after milled with zirconia balls. The microstructure of the mixture at different ball-milling stages was also studied. Bulks of Cu/Ti3SiC2 nano-composite were fabricated by hot pressing nano-sized Cu/Ti3SiC2 powder at the temperature of 1 073 K under 100 MPa. Then came an investigation of the effects of the particle size and agglomerate state of Ti3SiC2 as well as the microstructure of Cu/Ti3SiC2 nano-composite. It was found that the nano-sized Ti3SiC2 particles distribute evenly in copper.

Effect of Mg addition on mechanical and thermoelectrical properties of Al-Al_2O_3 nanocomposite

The effects of Mg addition on mechanical thermo-electrical properties of Al.Mg/5%Al2O3 nanocomposite with differentMg contents （0, 5%, 10% and 20%） produced by mechanical alloying were studied. Scanning electron microscopy analysis （SEM）,X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were used to characterize the produced powder. Theresults show that addition of Mg forms a predominant phase （Al.Mg solid solution）. By increasing the mass fraction of Mg, thecrystallite size decreases and the lattice strain increases which results from the atomic penetration of Mg atoms into the substitutionalsites of Al lattice. The microhardness of the composite increases with the increase of the Mg content. The thermal and electricalconductivities increase linearly with the temperature increase in the inspected temperature range. Moreover, the thermalconductivity increases with the increase of Mg content.

Optimizing consolidation behavior of Al 7068-TiC nanocomposites using Taguchi statistical analysis

The fabrication of high strength Al 7068？5%TiC （mass fraction） nanocomposite was studied by mechanical alloying and hot pressing routes. Considering densification importance and grain growth effects, hot pressing process conditions for producing bulk nanocomposite were optimized using statistical Taguchi method based on compressive strength achievement. The Taguchi results indicate that 30 min hot pressing under pressure of 500 MPa at 385 °C provides high compressive strength and hardness of 938 MPa and HV 265, respectively. More interestingly, analysis of variance proves that the applied pressure is the most influential factor for hot pressing of the nanocomposite. The contribution percentages of factors in hot pressing terms are as follows： applied pressure （61.3%）, exposed temperature （29.53%） and dwelling hot pressing time （4.49%）.

Deflagration to detonation transition in weakly confined conditions for a type of potentially novel green primary explosive:Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX hybrid nanocomposites

The properties of the combustion and deflagration to detonation transition(DDT)of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX hybrid nanocomposites,a type of potentially novel lead-free primary explosives,were tested in weakly confined conditions,and the interaction of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite and RDX in the DDT process was studied in detail.Results show that the amount of the Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite has a great effect on the DDT properties of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX nanocomposites.The addition of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite to RDX apparently improves the firing properties of RDX.A small amount of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite greatly increases the initial combustion velocity of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX nanocomposites,accelerating their DDT process.When the contents of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite are less than 20 wt%,the DDT mechanisms of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX nanocomposites follow the distinct abrupt mode,and are consistent with that of RDX,though their DDT processes are different.The RDX added into the Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)nanothermite increases the latter's peak combustion velocity and makes it generate the DDT when the RDX content is at least 10 wt%.RDX plays a key role in the shock compressive combustion,the formation and the properties of the DDT in the flame propagation of nanocomposites.Compared with RDX,the fast DDT of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)/RDX nanocomposites could be obtained by adjusting the chemical constituents of nanocomposites.

Formation mechanism of Al2O3/MoS2 nanocomposite coating by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)

In this study,an Al2O3/MoS2 nanocomposite coating was created on an aluminum 1050 substrate using the plasma electrolytic oxidation method.The zeta potential measurements showed that small MoS2 particles have negative potential and move toward the anode electrode.The nanoparticles of MoS2 were found to have a zeta potential of-25 mV,which prevents suspension in the solution.Thus,to produce an Al2O3/MoS2 nanocomposite,one has to use the microparticles of MoS2.The X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the produced coatings containedα-Al2O3,γ-Al2O3,and MoS2,and that the size of MoS2 particles can be reduced to 30 nm.It was observed that prolonged suspension in the electrolyte results in an enhanced formation of an Al2O3/MoS2 nanocomposite.Using the results,it was hypothesized that the mechanism of the formation of the Al2O3/MoS2 nanocomposite coating on the aluminum 1050 substrate is based on electrical energy discharge.

基于第一性原理的Si/SiC、Al/SiC界面成键特性和结合强度对比研究

采用半固态搅拌铸造法制备AlSi7-SiC复合材料,并利用真空压铸工艺实现了其近净成形,结合第一性原理计算方法研究了共晶Si对SiC颗粒和基体界面结合强度的影响.结果显示,在AlSi7-SiC复合材料中,发现较为严重的共晶Si偏析现象,当SiC颗粒同时处于共晶Si和α-Al边界时,形成了少量的共晶Si夹杂、被大量共晶Si包裹、完全被共晶Si包裹三种典型的界面.第一性原理计算结果显示,在C端和Si端的Si/SiC界面中,弛豫后topSi 1配位方式具有最大的粘附功,与Al/SiC界面相比,Si/SiC界面具有更高的结合强度.Si偏析相提高了界面处的电荷密度,因而具有更好的界面结构稳定性.

Single-source-precursor synthesis and phase evolution of NbC-SiC-C ceramic nanocomposites with core−shell structured NbC@C and SiC@C nanoparticles

In the present work,novel NbC-SiC-C ceramic nanocomposite powders were successfully synthesized by a polymer-derived ceramic approach with the allylhydridopolycarbosilane(AHPCS)and niobium pentachloride(NbCl5)as starting materials.A single-source-precursor was first synthesized by chemical reaction between AHPCS and NbCl5 and then pyrolyzed at 900℃ to obtain amorphous ceramic powders.After further annealing amorphous ceramics at higher temperatures in the range of 1100-1500℃,the NbC-SiC-C ceramic nanocomposite powders were finally obtained.The single-source-precursor synthesis and polymer-to-ceramic transformation were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra(FT-IR)and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA).The phase evolution of resulting ceramics was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Interestingly,both the NbC@C and SiC@C core−shell structured nanoparticles were in-situ formed at 1300℃ to form NbC-SiC-C ceramic nanocomposites.With the highest NbCl5 content in the feed,the contents of NbC andβ-SiC obtained by Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns from the 1500℃ ceramics are 68.41wt.%and 31.59wt.%,respectively,indicating that the ultra-high temperature resistant NbC is the main phase.In general,the resultant NbC-SiC-C nanocomposite with NbC as main phase can be considered as candidate material for structure−function integrated applications in harsh environment.

激光切割SiC/Al复合材料的温度场仿真分析

SiC/Al复合材料具有较高的强度、较低的热膨胀系数和较好的耐腐蚀性,使其在多个高技术领域中具有很大的应用潜力和价值。然而,由于SiC/Al复合材料的高硬度特性,使用传统切削技术对其进行加工时,刀具磨损严重,影响加工效率。而激光切割技术在SiC/Al复合材料加工方面具有显著优势。文章利用有限元分析软件对SiC/Al复合材料进行仿真分析,了解材料特性和激光切割去除机理,探究加热时间、光斑尺寸等对材料表面温度场的影响。

Structure and Magnetic Properties of FeCo/Al_2O_3 Nanocomposites

The soft magnetic nanocomposites with equiatomic FeCo particles dispersed in Al2O3 matrix were synthesized via a sol-gel technique combined with H2 reduction method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The FeCo nanoparticles in all the samples have the typical bcc structure. With the decreasing of Al2O3 content, the mean grain size of FeCo in the nanocomposites and the saturation magnetization of the samples increase, while the coercivity of samples increases firstly and then decreases due to different magnetic mechanisms.

Research of Trap and Electron Density Distributions in the Interface of Polyimide/Al2O3 Nanocomposite Films Based on IDC and SAXS

The distributions of traps and electron density in the interfaces between polyimide （PI） matrix and Al2O3 nanoparticles are researched using the isothermal decay current and the small-angle x-ray scattering （SAXS） tests. According to the electron density distribution for quasi two-phase mixture doped by spherical nanoparticles, the electron densities in the interfaces of PI/Al2O3 nanocomposite films are evaluated. The trap level density and carrier mobility in the interface are studied. The experimental results show that the distribution and the change rate of the electron density in the three layers of interface are different, indicating different trap distributions in the interface layers. There is a maximum trap level density in the second layer, where the maximum trap level density for the nanocomposite film doped by 25 wt% is 1.054 × 10^22 eV·m^-3 at 1.324eV, resulting in the carrier mobility reducing. In addition, both the thickness and the electron density of the nanocomposite film interface increase with the addition of the doped Al2O3 contents. Through the study on the trap level distribution in the interface, it is possible to further analyze the insulation mechanism and to improve the performance of nano-dielectric materials.