Current Situation and Improvement of Homestead Qualification Right in China

The paper is to study the qualification right in the homestead system of China,and to put forward the corresponding improvement scheme.By analyzing the definition and nature of homestead land,the paper explores the historical background and development of the homestead land system and emphasizes the importance of the qualification right in ensuring housing rights for rural residents and social stability.Concerning the current status of the qualification right,the paper identifies existing problems and challenges,such as unclear rights to homestead land,difficulties in determining qualification,issues with the distribution of benefits between qualification rights and usage rights,and inheritance and transfer of qualification rights.These issues constrain the fairness and effectiveness of the homestead land system.To improve the qualification right,the paper puts forward measures such as revising legal regulations,adjusting homestead land policies,and enhancing the standardization of management of qualification rights.By optimizing the formulation and implementation of relevant laws and regulations,adjusting homestead policies,and strengthening the regulation of qualification right management,these issues can be addressed,improving the fairness and transparency of the homestead land system.Finally,the paper analyzes the impact of improving the qualification right on rural residents,land utilization,and social stability,offering related suggestions.Improving the qualification right can not only protect the housing rights of rural residents but also promote the rational use of rural land resources and the sustainable development of rural socio-economic conditions.In conclusion,this paper is expected to provide a theoretical support and practical guidance for the improvement of the homestead land system and to promote the sustainable development of rural society.

CONSTRAINT QUALIFICATIONS AND DUAL PROBLEMS FOR QUASI-DIFFERENTIABLE PROGRAMMING

In classical nonlinear programming, it is a general method of developing optimality conditions that a nonlinear programming problem is linearized as a linear programming problem by using first order approximations of the functions at a given feasible point. The linearized procedure for differentiable nonlinear programming problems can be naturally generalized to the quasi differential case. As in classical case so called constraint qualifications have to be imposed on the constraint functions to guarantee that for a given local minimizer of the original problem the nullvector is an optimal solution of the corresponding 'quasilinearized' problem. In this paper, constraint qualifications for inequality constrained quasi differentiable programming problems of type min {f(x)|g(x)≤0} are considered, where f and g are qusidifferentiable functions in the sense of Demyanov. Various constraint qualifications for this problem are presented and a new one is proposed. The relations among these conditions are investigated. Moreover, a Wolf dual problem for this problem is introduced, and the corresponding dual theorems are given.

Challenges and Demands for College English Teachers Raised by Training All-round Qualified Persons

The latest issue of College English Curriculum Requirements has posed challenges and demands for teachers in terms of linguistic competence, academic knowledge, language skills, professional morality, emotional and attitudinal qualifications, etc., which requires teachers to embrace and handle with active and open-minded responses. Hence, teachers ought to strive to develop and improve their own overall qualifications in collaboration with the long-term development of the subject and of the national higher education, with the need of qualified persons demanded by social development and the students＇ learning. Teachers also ought to form a notion of scientific development by keeping pace with the time, so as to discern the trend of subject development, to form appropriate judgments concerning the social development and to properly regulate their own development.

THE TANGENT CONES ON CONSTRAINT QUALIFICATIONS IN OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS

This article proposes a few tangent cones,which are relative to the constraint qualifications of optimization problems.With the upper and lower directional derivatives of an objective function,the characteristics of cones on the constraint qualifications are presented.The interrelations among the constraint qualifications,a few cones involved, and level sets of upper and lower directional derivatives are derived.

A generic framework for qualifications of digital twins in maintenance

Digital twins have emerged as a promising technology for maintenance applications,enabling organizations to simulate and monitor physical assets to improve their performance.In Operation and Maintenance(O&M),digital twin facilitates the diagnosis and prognosis of critical assets,forming the basis for smart maintenance planning and reducing downtime.However,there is a lack of standardized approaches for the qualifications of digital twins in maintenance,leading to low trustworthiness and limiting its application.This paper proposes a novel framework for the qualifications of digital twins in maintenance based on five pillars,namely fidelity,smartness,timeliness,integration,and standard compliance.We demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework through two case studies,showing how it can be implemented on digital twins for preventive maintenance and condition-based maintenance.Our proposed framework can help organizations across different industrial domains develop and implement digital twins in maintenance more effectively and efficiently,leading to significant benefits in terms of cost reduction,performance improvement,and sustainability.

Publication behaviour and(dis)qualification of chief editors in Turkish national Social Sciences journals

Purpose:This study investigated the publication behaviour of 573 chief editors managing 432 Social Sciences journals in Turkey.Direct inquiries into editorial qualifications are rare,and this research aims to shed light on editors’scientific leadership capabilities.Design/methodology/approach:This study contrasts insider publication behaviour in national journals with international articles in journals indexed by the Web of Science(WOS)and Scopus.It argues that editors demonstrating a consistent ability to publish in competitive WOS and Scopus indexed journals signal high qualifications,while editors with persistent insider behaviour and strong local orientation signal low qualification.Scientific leadership capability is measured by first-authored publications.Correlation and various regression tests are conducted to identify significant determinants of publication behaviour.Findings:International publications are rare and concentrated on a few individuals,while insider publications are endemic and constitute nearly 40%of all national articles.Editors publish 3.2 insider papers and 8.1 national papers for every SSCI article.62%(58%)of the editors have no SSCI(Scopus)article,53%(63%)do not have a single lead-authored WOS(Scopus)article,and 89%publish at least one insider paper.Only a minority consistently publish in international journals;a fifth of the editors have three or more SSCI publications,and a quarter have three or more Scopus articles.Editors with foreign Ph.D.degrees are the most qualified and internationally oriented,whereas non-mobile editors are the most underqualified and underperform other editors by every measure.Illustrating the overall lack of qualification,nearly half of the professor editors and the majority of the WOS and Scopus indexed journal editors have no record of SSCI or Scopus publications.Research limitations:This research relies on local settings that encourage national publications at the expense of international journals.Findings should be evaluated in light of this setting and bearing in mind that narrow localities are more prone to peer favouritism.Practical implications:Incompetent and nepotistic editors pose an imminent threat to Turkish national literature.A lasting solution would likely include the dismissal and replacement of unqualified editors,as well as delisting and closure of dozens of journals that operate in questionable ways and serve little scientific purpose.Originality/value:To my knowledge,this is the first study to document the publication behaviour of national journal chief editors.

执业医师资格考试融入中医内科学临床实践教学探索

此文通过对近年来中医执业医师资格考试的分析研究,总结出中医执业医师资格考试通过率有待提升的四大原因:教考要求不完全统一,教学方法有待改进以提高学生学习的主观能动性,学生临床思维能力和临床技能训练不足以及部分非应届考生不重视复习、基础薄弱。并针对以上原因,展开一系列课程改革,通过将执业医师资格考试内容融入中医内科学临床实践教学环节,改善中医院校教育教学质量,有实际的推广意义。

澳大利亚职业教育制度认同的四重逻辑与经验镜鉴

制度认同作为一种重要的社会认同形式,对国家治理、社会稳定和公民参与具有重要的影响。澳大利亚职业教育制度认同的基本框架以法律保障认同逻辑为导向,以资历框架认同逻辑为基础,以证书制度认同逻辑为关键,以技能制度认同逻辑为依托,彰显了澳大利亚职业教育制度认同的权威性、全面性、基础性、长效性的特征,法律保障认同、资历框架认同、证书制度认同、技能制度认同立于制度认同的“四位”而促进制度认同的“一体”发展。鉴于澳大利亚健全完善的职业教育制度认同框架,我国应着力健全职业教育法律条款,提升职业教育法律认同感;完善职业教育资历框架,夯实职业教育资历框架运行力;改革职业教育证书制度,促进职业教育证书认可度;建立职业教育技能制度,增进职业教育技能胜任感,从而构建具有本土特色的职业教育制度认同框架,提升职业教育的广泛认可度,促进职业教育高质量发展。

水稻精准穴播机关键技术研究

为提高水稻穴播机的精准穴播效率,该文研究了一种多环节种群分离、组穴系统,包括种群自流动分离机构,轨道振动规整、排序及组穴机构,该机构使种群近似自然流动状态,种群分离、组穴过程对芽种无挤压和剪切破坏作用。利用高速CCD摄像机成像技术,对检测通道内种粒下落分布状态进行分析,并与传感器检测结果进行对比,为执行机构“一次组穴”修正方案提供理论依据。采用高密度穴孔的储穴-排种双盘轮播结构来降低其旋转速度,配合采用“近地点播种”控制策略,提高同穴种粒落地一致性,同时研究了双盘轮播机构的护种和换向控制策略。通过以上设计提高了穴粒合格率和成穴性能,降低种子的破损率。

对validation,verification和qualification三个质量管理术语之理解

目的针对目前药品行业对现代质量管理中的"确认(validation)"、"验证(verification)"和"鉴定(qualification)"等几个关于"确证"术语使用的混乱状况,探讨关于"确证"术语的含义及相互区别,强调药品领域正确应用这些术语的重要性。方法从这些术语的溯源开始,探讨其定义的内涵与外延、相互之间的关系以及中英文转化的标准化问题。结果与结论从"标准或规定要求"、"研发方"与"接受方"、"做事"等多角度—而不仅从活动类型角度—才能更好地理解这三个术语间的含义、联系和区别。

高职院校“双师型”教师培养困境与对策分析

构建高效能的“双师型”教师团队是培育契合市场需求的高技术技能型人才的重要基石。近年来,这一教师队伍建设虽取得一定的成效,但仍面临诸多瓶颈与挑战。文章深入剖析了当前高职院校“双师型”教师培养的现状及其背后的制约因素,并从政、校、企、人四个方面提出了部分解决策略和路径,实现教师个人发展与校企合作之间的良性循环,为培养更多符合时代需求的高技能人才贡献力量。

民机测试改装检验人员胜任能力素质模型构建

企业的发展必然伴随着很多企业内部问题,如企业与外部环境的不协调、与内部员工能力需求的不匹配等,这些都会影响甚至制约企业的发展,好的能力素质模型能有效地提高企业人才的核心竞争力,本文以某公司民机测试改装检验人员为例,结合测试改装检验人员的实际工作情况进行调研分析,探讨如何建立测试改装检验人员资质授权、持续评价的能力素质模型,旨在为测试改装检验人员技术等级评定方法等建立一套参考体系,以提高民用飞机测试改装检验人员队伍的整体水平。

不锈钢S31254焊接工艺研究与应用

某冷却器设备制造需要进行不锈钢S31254材料的焊接。为了确保焊接质量满足产品制造要求,对S31254材料产品进行了质量复验,应用复验数据分析了S31254材料焊接特性,针对S31254材料的焊接应力和裂纹倾向,进行了焊接工艺试验和焊接质量评定试验,将得到的优化焊接控制参数和操作要点应用到冷却器产品的制造中,获得了良好应用效果,积累了可供参考的方法和经验数据。

村民委员会提起环境公益诉讼的主体资格研究

随着乡村振兴战略的开展和农村经济的发展,环境污染问题也随之加剧。针对环境侵权救济的环境公益诉讼制度,基于检察机关与环保组织两大原告主体由于自身的局限性,并没有发挥应有的作用。相比之下,面对农村环境污染严峻的现实情况,村民委员会作为环境公益诉讼主体有着敏感性、积极性优势,同时具有法律上的正当性。因此,为了更好地发挥环境公益诉讼制度的司法救济作用,应当赋予村民委员会环境公益诉讼的主体资格,并建立相应的机制保障这一制度的有效运行。

2020-2022年临沂市无偿献血人群特征及血液检测结果回顾性分析

目的分析2020—2022年临沂市无偿献血人群特征及血液检测结果,为更有效地推动无偿献血工作提供科学依据。方法收集2020—2022年临沂市中心血站信息管理系统无偿献血者血液(全血)检测资料292941份,比较不同年份、性别、年龄段、职业、学历、献血次数无偿献血者血液检测情况。结果2020、2021、2022年无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年间无偿献血者谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性无偿献血者3年血液样本总不合格率为1.56%,女性无偿献血者为0.88%,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性无偿献血者ALT、HBsAg不合格率均高于女性无偿献血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女性无偿献血者抗-TP不合格率比男性无偿献血者略高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性、女性无偿献血者抗-HCV、抗-HIV不合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同职业无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同学历无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及ALT、HBsAg、抗-TP不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重复无偿献血者3年血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率均低于首次无偿献血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2020—2022临沂市无偿献血人群分布特征为男性明显多于女性、主要集中在36~45岁年龄段、主力人群职业为工人,农民和学生、学历以专科层次为主。无偿献血人群血液检测特点为:男性ALT不合格率明显高于女性、36~45岁年龄段总不合格率和各项目不合格率均最高、学生人群总不合格率最低、学历越高不合格率越低、重复献血者比首次献血者不合格率低。

Knowledge expression and reasoning process in an expert system for welding procedure qualification

After analyzing the welding procedure knowledge in Chinese national standards for welding procedure qualification of steel pressure vessel from the point of establishing expert system, it can be divided into five types of knowledge, i. e. practice, definition, regularity, process and description knowledge. The knowledge expression methods are established according to the different type of welding procedure knowledge. The reasoning process based on rule is adopted. And the reasoning engine is embedded among objects integrated with the knowledge base.

海洋环境公益诉讼的原告适格制度:中国范式与进路探索

我国海洋环境公益诉讼的原告适格制度具有鲜明的中国特色,排除了社会公益组织的适格性,仅承认特定机关的起诉主体资格。海洋环境公益诉讼出现了原告适格的扩张现象,属于法定诉讼担当的一种类型,社会公益组织无法行使此类公益诉讼权。以文本规范为出发点,司法机关在相关案件的审理中积累了丰富的司法裁判经验,形成了海洋环境公益诉讼与陆地生态环境公益诉讼不同的原告适格配置规则。但是,这种原告适格制度安排也存在诉讼活力不足与具体裁量规范欠缺等问题,未来需要继续秉承公益优先的原则,在原告适格制度的外部机制衔接与内部规范健全两方面寻求完善之策。在外部机制建设方面,需加强海洋行政监管机关与检察机关之间的协作与程序衔接;在内部规范适用方面,需明确法院作为公共利益维护者的角色定位,增强司法的能动性。

消毒供应室全程质量控制对降低医院感染发生率的作用研究

目的分析在消毒供应室中实施全程质量控制对医院感染发生率的控制作用。方法选择2021年1月至2022年12月作为研究时间段,2021年1月至2021年12月作为对照组,实施常规消毒供应室护理管理;2022年1月至2022年12月作为试验组,实施消毒供应室全程质量控制,以10名消毒供应室工作人员、监测500次作为研究对象,比较两组时间段当中工作人员的管理质量水平,探讨手术器械合格率,分析医院感染发生率。结果试验组工作人员的管理质量水平及手术器械合格率均相比于对照组较高(P<0.05);试验组医院感染发生率比对照组低(P<0.05)。结论在消毒供应室中开展全程质量控制有助于提升工作人员管理质量水平及手术器械合格率,降低医院感染发生率。

Qualification of Atomic Absorption Spectrometer in Prospective View of Pharmaceutical Analysis

AAS was qualified as per pharmacopoeia requirements. Copper, manganese, mercury and cadmium hallow cathode lamps were used for qualification purposes. Design qualification and installation qualification met the criteria of user requirements. Wavelength accuracy and reproducibility, resolution and baseline stability are in compliance with user requirements. Characteristics concentration or sensitivity, detection limit and characteristics mass were performed as a part of operational qualification which is 0.062 μg/mL, 0.00354 μg/mL, 1.41 pg respectively. Results of % RSD for precision study is 0.352 and 0.487 for flame and graphite furnace mode respectively fulfilled criteria of qualification. Performance qualification results of 20 consecutive days demonstrate the predetermined specification. Analytical instrument qualification and method validation relationship is also described by assay performed on haemodialysis concentrate. Good precision (2) greater than 0.9997 for potassium, magnesium and calcium linear curves, lower detection limits for all three ingredients and robust assay data as a part of validation studies conform the qualified AAS for its intended application.

Research and Exploration on the Construction of Double Qualified Teachers in Software Engineering

In order to solve the problem of insufficient integration of school-enterprise supervisors in the current school-enterprise cooperation model,this article introduces the ideas and results of the construction of a team with double-qualified instructors majored in software engineering.Specifically,the integration of production and education are carried out in three stages,i.e.,enterprise cooperation courses,enterprise internship,and graduation design(internship),by taking the software engineering major of the School of Information and Software Engineering of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China as a case study.