Allelopathic effects of extracts from Solidago canadensis L. against seed germination and seedling growth of some plants

To investigate the potential role of allelopathy in plant interference and in the successful invasion of alien species Solidago canadensis, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from rhizomes, stems and leaves of S. canadensis were prepared and used as treatment solutions to assess their effects on seed germination and seedling growth in four target species, mulberry （Morus alba）; morning glory （Pharbitis nil）, wheat （Triticum aestivum） and rape （Brassiea campestris）. Reduction and/or growth in germination and growth of the target plant species in the presence of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts at different concentrations indicated that the responses were species-specific and concentration-dependent. Generally, ethanolic extracts （especially from leaves） imposed stronger effects on both seed germination and seedling growth. Extracts with lower concentration at 0.001 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape and morning glory, whereas extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat and mulberry. It is suggested that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of all the three parts of S. canadensis have significant allelopathic effects. Although both inhibition and stimulation occurred in the germination and growth of the target species, extracts with higher concentrations definitely inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of all target plants. We suggest that allelopathy plays a more important role than other mechanisms do in the out-competition ofS. canadensis over other plants, and make it invasive in new habitats.

Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Torreya fargesii Aril on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Radish, Mustard and Cabbage

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Torreya fargesii aril. [Method] By indoor bioassay, the effects of different con-centrations （10, 20,40, 80 g/L） of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril on seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde （MDA） content and anti oxidative enzyme activities of radish, mustard and cabbage were analyzed and compared. [ Result] Different concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of three crops, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced with the increase of concentration. Seedling height and fresh weight of three crops were improved by low concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril and inhibited by high concentrations of aqueous extract. Overall, aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited allelopathic inhibitory effects on three crops, and the level of allelopath-ic inhibitory effects demonstrated a descending order of radish 〉 mustard 〉 cabbage. Compared with the control group, 80 g/L aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril almost significantly reduced seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight and chlorophyll content, and significantly improved MDA con-tent and antioxidative enzyme （SOD, CAT, POD） activities of radish, mustard and cabbage （P 〈 0 .0 5 ） . [ Conclusion] Aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited remarkable allelopathic inhibitory effects on seed germination of radish, mustard and cabbage, which indicated that there might be dormancy-associated germination in-hibiting allelochemicals in T. fargesii aril. This study provided theoretical basis for subsequent clarification of the mechanism of seed dormancy of T. fargesii.

Allelopathy of Gaseous Volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus yunanensis

[ Objective] The paper was to understand allelopathy of gaseous volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum stems and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of P/nus yunnanens/s. [ Method] P. yunnanens/s seeds were treated by fresh stems and leaves of E. adenophorum in translucent airtight container under high concentration （0.069 4 g/cm3 ）, middle concentration （0.023 1 g/cm3 ） and lower concentration （0. 007 7 g/cm3 ）, respectively. [ Result] Gaseous volatiles affected seed germination process; with the increasing processing concentration, the day on which seeds began to germinate and the day reaching germination peak were delayed, and the germination quantity on the day reaching germination peak was decreased ; the day on which the germination quantity began to significantly re- duce was delayed ; the process curve was developed from sudden increase and sudden decrease to gentle change, and nearly became a beeline at high concentration. The effects of gaseous volatiles on seed germination （ seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index） and seedling growth （fresh weight, dry weight, radicle length, hypceotyl length） of P. yunnanens/s were basically consistent, showing a regularity that high concentration had stronger inhibition effect and the inhibition effect became weaker with the decreasing concentration of E. adenophorum. E. adenophorum was widely distributed under P. yunnanens/s forests, and might affect natural regeneration and growth of P. yunnanens/s via allelopathy. [ Conclusion ] The paper provides reference for scientific management of P. yunnanens/s forests.

Allelopathic Effects of Cedrus deodara Needle Extracts on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Three Turfgrasses

[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide reference for plant landscaping,optimization of planting structure and rational allocation of species in Cedrus deodara gardens.[Methods]With three common garden plants in northern China,Trifolium repens L.,Poa pratensis L.and Trifolium pratense L.,as receptors,the effects of four concentrations(0.025,0.05,0.075 and 0.10 g/ml)of C.deodara needle extract on seed germination and early seedling growth of the three turfgrasses were studied by the Petri dish filter paper method,using a clear water treatment(0 g/ml)as control check(CK).Data were subjected to analysis of variance(ANOVA)and multiple comparisons(Duncan)using SPSS16.0.[Results]Different concentrations of C.deodara needle extract had significant inhibitory effects on seed germination,radicle and seedling height growth of T.repens,T.pratense and P.pratensis(P<0.05),and the inhibitory effects increased with the increase of concentration.When the concentration reached 0.075 g/ml,seed germination and seedling growth of T.repens stopped,and radicle and seedling growth of T.pratense and P.pratensis also stopped.When the concentration was equal to 0.10 g/ml,germination of T.pratense and P.pratensis seeds was inhibited,and the absolute values of allelopathic index was the largest,that is,the inhibitory effects were the largest.And with the increase of concentration,the absolute value of synthetical allelopathic index also increased.The extract of C.deodara needles contained main allelochemicals leading to the scarcity of understory vegetation.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for reasonable garden plant configuration during C.deodara greening and garden landscaping.

Effects of Low-Power Microwave Fields on Seed Germination and Growth Rate

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of low power microwave radiation on germination and growth rate in seeds. In the present paper, the bioeffects of low power (non-thermal intensity) microwave modulated with 1 KHz square wave have been studied. Experiments were performed in X-band frequencies using klystron based microwave test bench. Microwave parameters like frequency, power, exposure time and power density were varied while irradiating seed samples to study their influence on germination. The seed samples used for the experiment included wheat (Triticum aestivum), bengal gram (Cicer arietinum), green gram (Vigna radiate) and moth bean (Vigna Aconitifolia). Seed germination %, plant height, root length and dry matter % (biomass %) were recorded and compared with control seeds. The effects of different treatments were found to be stimulating the germination and seedling vigour of plants especially in power and exposure time treatments while increase in frequency and power density has reduced the seed germination and seedling vigour. The effect also varied with the nature of seeds.

Allelopathic Effects of Extracts from Three Asteraceae Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Plants

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effects of the extracts of Asteraceae plants on plant seeds and seedlings.[Methods]The effects of the extracts of three Asteraceae plants(Erigeron annuus,Bidens pilosa and Inula japonica)on the seed germination and seedling growth of four plants(Setaria viridis,Erigeron canadensis,Chenopodium album and Lactuca sativa)were studied by the Petri dish filter paper method and bioassay method.[Results]Different concentrations(10,20,40,100,200 mg/ml)of the extracts of E.annuus,B.pilosa and I.japonica had different allelopathic effects on the seed germination of the same recipient plant,and with the increase of the concentrations of the extracts,the inhibitory effects were more significant.The extract of B.pilosa had the strongest inhibitory effect.The extracts at the low concentration(10 mg/ml)had no significant effects on the germination rates and germination energy of the four kinds of plant seeds.In terms of root growth and biomass,the extracts of E.annuus and I.japonica showed the effect of low promotion and high inhibition.Under the treatment with high concentrations(100,200 mg/ml)of the extracts from the three Asteraceae plants,the germination of plant seeds,plant root length,stem height and biomass were inhibited.With the concentrations of the extracts of the three Compositae plants increasing,the chlorophyll contents of the four plants showed a downward trend,and the activity of SOD,POD,CAT and other antioxidant protective enzymes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.[Conclusions]These three species of Asteraceae plants had certain allelopathic inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of the four kinds of plant seeds,including S.viridis,E.canadensis,C.album and L.sativa,and they have potential in the development of botanical herbicides or plant protection.

Effects of Water Extract of Erigeron canadensis L. on Seed Germination of Plants

[Objective] The paper was to explore the effect of water extract of Erigeron canadensis L. on seed germination of plants. [Method] Using constant temperature culture method, the effects of water extracts of roots, stems and leaves of E. canadensis on seed germination of 14 species of test plants （crops and weeds） were studied. [Result] Water extracts of roots, stems and leaves of E. canadensis had obvious inhibition effect on seed germination of test plants. The water extract of leaves had the strongest inhibition effect, which could completely inhibit the seed germination of Crepis tectorum L., Amaranthus tricolor L. and Chrysanthemum coronarium L. under the lower concentrations of 0.050 and 0.075 g/ml, and completely inhibit seed germination of all the plants under the concentration of 0.400 g/ml except Zea maize L. and Allium fistulosum L.; followed by water extract of stems, and the water extract of roots had the lowest the inhibition effect, except for completely restraining seed germination of Lycopersicum esculentum L. under the concentration of 0.300 g/ml, it still could not completely restrain seed germination of the other plants under the highest concentration of 0.500 g/ml. The inhibition effect of water extract of E. canadensis on seed germination of plants had obvious selectivity, which had more obvious effect on dicotyledonous plants than monocotyledonous plants. [Conclusion] The study provided reference for screening and utilization of allelochemicals of E. canadensis and research on its allelopathy mechanism.

Effect of Heavy Metal Stress on Seed Germination of Albizia julibrissin

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different heavy metal stresses on seed germination,in order to provide a theoretical basis for phytoremediation of soil heavy metal pollution.[Methods]With the seeds of A.julibrissin as an experimental material,the germination test of A.julibrissin seeds under different concentrations of Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+) and Pb^(2+) was carried out.The germination potential,germination rate,germination index,radicle length,embryo length and other indexes were measured.[Results]①Different heavy metals had different effects on the germination of A.julibrissin seeds.Low concentrations of Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+) and Pb^(2+) stresses had certain promotion effects on the germination of A.julibrissin seeds,but high concentrations of Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Pb^(2+) stresses had obvious inhibitory effects on the germination of A.julibrissin seeds.②There were obvious differences in the tolerance of A.julibrissin seeds to different metal ion stresses.According to the comparison of the average values of membership functions,the order of their tolerance to different heavy metal ions was:Zn^(2+)>Cu^(2+)>Pb^(2+).[Conclusions]In the case of light pollution,the germination of A.julibrissin seeds was not inhibited,and the use of this plant for the remediation of lightly contaminated soil with heavy metals can also be considered.

Effects of Medium Energy Ion Beam in Implantation and Penetration on Germination and Growth of Wheat Seeds

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稠李叶水浸提液对4种植物的化感作用

为探究稠李叶水浸提液对种子化感作用的影响,采用培养皿滤纸法研究了稠李叶水浸提液对4种受体植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,种子萌发中,稠李叶水浸提液对萝卜、白菜、白桦种子主要呈抑制作用,对王瓜种子作用不明显.幼苗生长中,稠李叶水浸提液对萝卜、王瓜幼苗根长主要呈现低促高抑,对其他受体植物的根长主要呈抑制作用;对4种植物幼苗的茎长总体均呈促进作用;对白菜、萝卜、王瓜根鲜质量的影响呈低促高抑的趋势;对萝卜、白桦、王瓜3种植物幼苗茎鲜质量的影响随着处理质量浓度的增加总体大致表现为促进作用,在处理质量浓度为0.04g/mL时,对白菜幼苗茎鲜质量促进作用较为明显.当处理质量浓度在0.02g/mL时,对这4种植物生长促进作用明显.

木醋液对4种蔬菜种子萌发的影响

目的:探究松木屑木醋液对蔬菜作物的化感效应,以期为松木屑木醋液合理种植蔬菜作物提供理论依据。方法:研究不同浓度木醋液对萝卜、韭菜、小白菜和芥菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。结果:木醋液对4种蔬菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳浓度及化感促进作用不同,2 000倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比萝卜种子的发芽率、发芽指数和根长及小白菜种子的根长分别提高了20.00%、22.60%、5.90%、19.50%(P <0.05);500倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比韭菜种子的发芽率和茎长分别提高了8.89%、30.60%(P <0.05);1 000倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比芥菜种子的发芽率、活力指数和茎长分别提高了8.00%、31.33%、46.70%(P <0.05)。结论:低浓度松木屑木醋液具有促进4种蔬菜作物种子生长的化感作用。

大狼毒根浸提液对3种优良牧草的化感作用研究

为筛选适宜用于滇西北大狼毒型退化草地补播治理的优良草种,以白三叶、多年生黑麦草、西南野古草3种适应高寒气候条件的牧草为受体材料,采用培养皿滤纸法和穴盘培养法,开展大狼毒根浸提液对3种优良牧草的化感作用研究。结果表明:3种供试牧草在种子萌发、幼苗生长和光合作用方面均会受到大狼毒根浸提液不同程度的化感抑制作用,其对3种牧草的种子萌发及幼苗光合能力抑制作用表现为西南野古草>多年生黑麦草>白三叶,对幼苗生长抑制作用表现为西南野古草>白三叶>多年生黑麦草。综合而言,白三叶和多年生黑麦草较耐化感,适合用于滇西北高寒地区大狼毒型退化草地的补播治理。生产中建议将两者搭配使用,以实现更好的补播效果。

闽楠凋落物浸提液对其种子萌发和幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

采用不同浓度凋落枝、凋落叶浸提液处理闽楠(Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang)种子和幼苗,测定其萌发、生长及生理指标。结果显示:(1)整体上,闽楠凋落枝和凋落叶浸提液对自身种子萌发表现为抑制作用,且抑制作用均随两种浸提液浓度升高而增强,且凋落枝抑制作用大于凋落叶。在发芽指标上,抑制强度表现为枝>叶;在根芽长度上,抑制强度表现为叶>枝;综合化感效应表现为枝>叶。(2)凋落枝浸提液对一年生闽楠幼苗生长指标表现为抑制作用,凋落叶浸提液表现为“低促高抑”的效应。高浓度浸提液可严重抑制幼苗生长,并造成大量叶片出现斑点、萎缩和枯黄;(3)闽楠凋落物浸提液对闽楠幼苗生理的影响较为复杂,高浓度浸提液可造成幼苗生理紊乱,导致其抗氧化系统异常,引起丙二醛含量显著增加,叶片细胞膜通透性增大,导致植株处于非正常生长状态,而长期浇灌低浓度浸提液也会使植物处于胁迫状态而引起相关生理指标变化。

杂草水提液对3种一年生牧草种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的化感效应

杂草是牧草生产的主要限制因子之一,在牧草建植阶段通过化感效应严重影响出苗效果。本研究以2种农田主要杂草灰绿藜(Chenopodium glaucum)和赖草(Leymus secalinus)为试验材料,在不同浓度水提液(0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00 g·mL^(-1))下对苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)、谷子(Setaria italica)和湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)3种牧草种子萌发与幼苗生长的化感效应进行分析。结果表明:灰绿藜和赖草水提液对3种一年生牧草萌发和幼苗生长表现出不同程度的抑制作用,效果随浓度提高而增强。在牧草种子萌发期间,杂草水提液的影响主要体现在萌发率下降和延缓萌发时间方面,谷子萌发被赖草和灰绿藜完全抑制的预测阈值为0.3~0.6 g·mL^(-1),而苏丹草和湖南稷子为0.9~1.2 g·mL^(-1)。在牧草幼苗生长过程中,2种杂草水提液对3种牧草地上和地下部分生长均有影响,其中赖草水提液对湖南稷子的幼苗的影响呈现低浓度(低于0.75 g·mL^(-1))同时影响根和苗的生长、高浓度(0.75~1.00 g·mL^(-1))根和苗生长抑制作用不一致现象;湖南稷子对灰绿藜和赖草水提液化感作用抗性分别在低于0.50和0.25 g·mL^(-1)浓度表现较高,而谷子最弱,主要表现在根长和苗长受抑制影响最大。虽然3种供试牧草都受到2种杂草浸提液的化感抑制,但各牧草幼苗生长对其化感作用耐受能力有差异。其中苏丹草和湖南稷子对2种杂草浸提液的耐受阈值相同(0~0.75 g·mL^(-1)),高于谷子的耐受阈值(0~0.25 g·mL^(-1))。本研究表明化感效应可以通过影响萌发策略,调控地上、地下生长行为,抑制牧草苗期建植。苏丹草和湖南稷子在对抗灰绿藜和赖草方面具有较好的潜力,种植这2种抗性较强的牧草,可以减少杂草的影响,为牧草生产中地建植管理提供了科学依据。

谷子秸秆水浸提液对5种作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应分析

从化感作用角度筛选适宜与谷子[Setaria italica(L.) Beauv.]进行间套轮作的农作物,为建立合理的谷子间套轮作体系提供参考依据。采用水提法制备谷子根、茎、叶浸提液,每种浸提液设4个浓度梯度(5、20、40、100 mg·mL^(-1)),以蒸馏水为对照(CK),研究谷子植株三部位浸提液对受体作物绿豆[Vigna radiate(L.)Wilczek]、红豆[Vigna angularis(Willd.) Ohwi et Ohashi]、玉米(Zea mays L.)、小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和谷子种子萌发、幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,谷子根、茎、叶浸提液对受体作物种子发芽率和幼苗生长均有抑制作用,叶部浸提液抑制作用最强,根部浸提液的抑制作用最弱。随着浸提液浓度增加,其对受体种子的发芽率和幼苗鲜重、根长、芽长抑制作用加重。整体上看,谷子秸秆浸提液对5种作物种子萌发的抑制作用由小到大排序为绿豆<红豆<小麦<谷子<玉米。综合来看,绿豆更适宜与谷子进行间作、套作和轮作。

大狼毒次生代谢物分析及主要物质化感效应研究

为探究有毒植物大狼毒(Euphorbia jolkinii)含有的主要化感活性物质及化感效应,本试验运用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(UPLC-MS/MS)对大狼毒次生代谢物进行分析,并采用生物测试法,开展3种代表性次生代谢物对多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和红三叶(Trifolium pratense)种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响研究。结果表明:大狼毒根、茎叶分别含有898种和1025种次生代谢物,分属酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、黄酮和生物碱等。4-硝基苯酚、奎宁酸和2-苯乙胺等代谢物在根、茎叶中均有检测到且相对丰度较高,对多年生黑麦草和红三叶种子萌发及生长均起到显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),抑制效果存在代谢物差异和“浓度效应”,以4-硝基苯酚抑制最强,2-苯乙胺次之,奎宁酸最弱。综上,大狼毒植株体内次生代谢物种类多,其中4-硝基苯酚和2-苯乙胺等代谢物化感效应较明显,为大狼毒潜在化感活性物质资源化开发利用提供参考依据。

元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药化感作用的研究

本研究以甘草、黄芩和桔梗为化感受体,探究不同浓度的元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以期为北京元宝枫林下中草药的种植提供理论依据。结果表明:元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对甘草和黄芩的种子萌发表现出“低促高抑”效应,而对桔梗表现为抑制作用。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应为桔梗>黄芩>甘草。3种中草药幼苗叶片的叶绿素含量在不同浓度处理下均低于对照。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液处理使黄芩幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高,黄芩、甘草幼苗叶片的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随浸提液浓度的升高先升后降,3种中草药幼苗叶片的丙二醛含量随浸提液浓度的升高呈先增加后减少的趋势。综上,元宝枫林下应避免种植桔梗,适宜种植甘草和黄芩。

栾树凋落叶对3种中药材种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应

【目的】探究栾树凋落叶对不同中药材的化感效应,选择适宜种植在栾树林下的药用植物,为林药复合种植系统中栾树林下中药材的选择和北京林下经济的发展提供理论参考。【方法】模拟自然环境下栾树凋落叶释放化感物质影响中药材种子萌发和幼苗生长的过程,采用发芽试验和盆栽试验,以蒸馏水为对照(CK),探讨不同质量浓度(6.25,12.5,25,50 g/L)栾树凋落叶浸提液对黄芩、桔梗和甘草3种中药材种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。【结果】①与CK相比,不同质量浓度栾树凋落叶浸提液对3种中药材种子的发芽率、发芽指数和幼苗胚根长、胚芽长及幼苗鲜质量和干质量均有明显的影响。②随着栾树凋落叶浸提液质量浓度的升高,黄芩幼苗叶片的SOD、CAT活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,POD活性和脯氨酸含量总体先下降后上升;桔梗幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量逐渐升高;甘草幼苗叶片的POD、CAT活性呈先升高后降低的趋势。③结合种子萌发和幼苗生长的综合化感效应指数来看,栾树凋落叶浸提液对黄芩表现出较强抑制作用,对桔梗和甘草表现出“低促高抑”效应。栾树凋落叶浸提液对3种中药材的化感效应强度由大到小表现为黄芩>桔梗>甘草。【结论】栾树林下适合种植甘草和桔梗,而黄芩的生长明显受到了栾树凋落叶浸提液的化感抑制作用,应避免种植在栾树林下。

谷子水浸液对谷莠子种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用

为探究谷子与谷莠子生长之间的化感作用,本试验以‘金选6号’谷子水浸液、‘大狗尾草’为试验材料,研究了不同浓度水浸液对谷莠子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:不同浓度水浸液对其种子萌发及幼苗生长表现为“低促高抑”。原液处理下种子发芽率较对照降低13.888%,化感效应指数为-0.139。原液、10倍稀释液处理下根芽长及鲜干重等综合效应指数分别为-0.070、-0.034,表现出化感抑制作用,且植株全长、叶面积、叶绿素含量、SOD均低于对照。50、100倍稀释液处理下种子发芽率较对照增加33.333%、11.117%,根芽长及鲜干重等综合效应指数为0.275、0.153,表现为化感促进作用,其中50倍稀释液促进作用最强,植株全长、叶面积、叶绿素含量、SOD均与对照差异显著。谷田中常伴有大量谷莠子生长,此研究结果将为幼苗期去除谷莠子提供一定的理论基础。

猕猴桃叶水浸提液对4种植物的化感作用及其化学成分分析

猕猴桃和绿肥植物的立体栽培模式对果园可持续发展具有重要意义,而化感作用是构建科学的果园立体栽培模式所必须考虑的因素之一。本研究以金果和金魁猕猴桃叶为供体,波斯菊、黑麦草、白三叶草和紫花苜蓿为受体,用不同浓度(LL1、LL5、LL10)的猕猴桃叶水浸提液处理受体植物种子,观测种子萌发和幼苗生长差异,并采用GC-MS技术鉴定其化感物质。结果表明,两品种猕猴桃叶水浸提液中鉴定出的主要化感物质存在一定差异,其中2,3-丁二醇、抗氧剂2246为二者共同的主要化感物质。金果猕猴桃叶水浸提液促进波斯菊、紫花苜蓿种子萌发,对白三叶草则表现为“低促高抑”。猕猴桃叶水浸提液抑制波斯菊和紫花苜蓿根的生长,抑制率均大于8%;对黑麦草和白三叶草根生长整体表现为“低促高抑”。综合评价表明,猕猴桃叶水浸提液对波斯菊种子萌发的化感促进作用最好,黑麦草次之,且对幼苗根生长的化感作用明显大于茎生长。因此,建议波斯菊和黑麦草为猕猴桃和绿肥植物立体栽培模式的推荐种植植物。