The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sug...The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sugars, lipids, and polyphenol content were estimated according to the AFNOR standardized methods. The determination of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium and phosphorus was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results highlighted an average acidity of 0.377% ± 0.002% lower than the value of the imported variety which is 0.520% ± 0.001%. Local varieties have a pH ranging from 6.35 ± 0.003 to 6.42 ± 0.004, while the variety has a pH of 6.36 ± 0.003. The ash and dry matter contents vary respectively from 4.788% ± 0.004% to 8.253% ± 0.003% and 7.945% ± 0.021% to 11.945% ± 0.007% for the local varieties. Moreover, the imported one has ash and dry matter contents of 5.175% ± 0.007% and 10.035% ± 0.021% respectively. The results show that the protein, reducing sugar and lipid contents in the local onion varieties vary respectively from 2.815 ± 0.000 to 15.634 ± 0.001 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup>;4.691 ± 0.001 to 12.596 ± 0.002 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.006 ± 0.001 to 0.050 ± 0.057 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, the imported variety has a protein, reducing sugar and lipid content of 5.649 ± 0.002;8.565 ± 0.002 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.011 ± 0.010 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> respectively. The maximum levels of total polyphenols are obtained in the imported variety, Bellani and Gandiol, respectively 9.973 ± 0.001, 4.535 ± 0.002, and 3.425 ± 0.006 mg EAG/g of dry matter. The local varieties have a significant calorific intake of between 35.451 ± 0.001 and 112.980 ± 0.003 kcal·100 g<sup>-1</sup> compared to the imported one with an energy value of 56.953 ± 0.001 kcal·100 g<sup>-1</sup> of dry matter. The bulbs of different onion varieties studied have a fairly high content of mineral elements. The potassium content of local varieties is between 502.16 ± 0.06 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 582.77 ± 0.04 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup> while the imported variety has a content of 536.62 ± 1.30 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>. They note that the local varieties have a better calcium content (249.75 ± 0.07 to 434.20 ± 0.57 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and magnesium (142.15 ± 0.07 to 162.60 ± 0.42 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) than the imported variety (229.58 ± 0.04 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) except for the varieties White Grano (228.29 ± 0.01 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and Rouge Amposta (117.00 ± 0.42 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) respectively. These results reveal that Gandiol, Dayo and Orient F1 are nutritionally found better due to their higher antioxidant property, proteins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugar and should be included in diets to supplement our daily allowance needed by the body.展开更多
为建立多态性高、稳定性好的洋葱RAPD-PCR反应体系,采用正交设计,研究了Taq酶、Mg2+、引物和dNTP 4种RAPD-PCR反应组分浓度变化对扩增结果的影响,在此基础上对模板DNA用量、扩增程序中退火温度和反应循环次数进行了筛选。试验结果表明,...为建立多态性高、稳定性好的洋葱RAPD-PCR反应体系,采用正交设计,研究了Taq酶、Mg2+、引物和dNTP 4种RAPD-PCR反应组分浓度变化对扩增结果的影响,在此基础上对模板DNA用量、扩增程序中退火温度和反应循环次数进行了筛选。试验结果表明,洋葱20μl RAPD-PCR优化反应体系为1×Buffer、2.0 mmo1/L Mg2+、1.0 UTaqDNA聚合酶、200μmo1/L dNTP、0.6μmo1/L引物、2%甘油和15 ng DNA模板;PCR扩增程序为94℃预变性4 m in;94℃变性30 s,35℃退火40 s,72℃延长1.5 m in,45个循环;72℃保温延伸7 m in。展开更多
Onion （Allium cepa L.） was an economic vegetable and a strictly biennial herb, which was widely distributed in the world. In the past, it was a strictly biennial plant, the studies had shown that FT （FLOWERING LOCU...Onion （Allium cepa L.） was an economic vegetable and a strictly biennial herb, which was widely distributed in the world. In the past, it was a strictly biennial plant, the studies had shown that FT （FLOWERING LOCUS T） gene was involved in the photoperiod pathway to regulate fowering in the model plant. In this study, transcriptome sequencing method was used to obtain cDNA sequence of FT homologous gene in onion, named AcFT3 （KF864665）. AcFT3 had a full-length of 540 bp, encoded 179 amino acids, with 98.31% homology to AfFT （Allium fstulosum）, and 63.0%-84.0% homology to other higher plants. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AcFT3 had the closest relationship with AfFT. The results of quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression pattern of AcFT3 both in vegetative growth of onion and in different organs of bolting and fowering, the expression level of AcFT3 reached the highest in the leaves before bolting and in the fower organs after bolting.展开更多
Chemical extraction methods are generally used to evaluate trace element concentrations in soils. The adequacy of these soil tests is commonly assessed by comparing the extraction results with the metal contents in th...Chemical extraction methods are generally used to evaluate trace element concentrations in soils. The adequacy of these soil tests is commonly assessed by comparing the extraction results with the metal contents in the plants. In this study, soil and leaf samples were collected in the southwest area of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are species of great regional economic importance. These crops need good mineral nutrition for optimum growth and sustainable production. Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe micronutrient uptake by plants was analyzed together with the trace element contents in the soil in which those plants were grown. A single EDTA-extraction procedure was performed to determine soil micronutrients. The amount of extractable-trace elements increased as the concentration of the chelating agent EDTA increased. The range of total element content in soil was: 15.68-31.5 mg·kg-1 for Cu, 75.0-386.3 mg·kg-1 for Zn, 542.5 -1686 mg·kg-1 for Mn and 28,325-32,675 mg·kg-1 for Fe. Micronutrient contents in mature leaf tissue were determined by the acid digestion method. Total and available micronutrient content in soil as well as total content in leaves were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Total micronutrient content and the available extractable-fraction in soils were below the critical values for plant growth. This was in agreement with the amount of micronutrients present in the leaf tissue. A strong relationship between the extraction data and the soil-plant transfer coefficients suggested an appropriate exchange of trace elements from soils to garlic, onion and tomato plants.展开更多
This research was carried out to assess the effect of different varieties and mulching types on insect and disease infestation,and the yield of onions.The experiment was conducted in Sangkat TuekVil,KrongSiem Reap,in ...This research was carried out to assess the effect of different varieties and mulching types on insect and disease infestation,and the yield of onions.The experiment was conducted in Sangkat TuekVil,KrongSiem Reap,in Cambodia.A 2×4 factorial in RCBD(Randomized Complete Blocks Design)was used to layout the trial,in which two varieties(Texas Early Grano 502 PRR and Earth F1)and four mulch types(non-mulch,rice Straw,silver plastic mulching and black plastic mulching)were used as the treatments.Application of these treatments was to enhance soil temperature,leaf number plant-1,stand count,bulb diameter,single bulb weight,insect incidence,disease incidence and bulb yield are different to all treatments.As the result,the bulb yields of onions among these treatments were found superior in Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with Black Plastic mulch followed by Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with silver plastic mulch and Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined rice straw mulch,whereas the lowest was found in Earth F1combined with non-mulch.展开更多
Prema 178 onion variety is widely used in production in Burkina Faso. It is greatly appreciated but susceptible to basal rot. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic ability of six strains of Fusarium genus identi...Prema 178 onion variety is widely used in production in Burkina Faso. It is greatly appreciated but susceptible to basal rot. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic ability of six strains of Fusarium genus identified in Burkina Faso on onion. Seeds, seedlings and bulbs were used for the test. A conidial suspension of each strain was made in tubes and adjusted to 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> conidia/ml with distilled water for the different tests. Germination test in the laboratory and greenhouse showed that all treatments with the strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum and F. sp. induced failure to emerge and showed a significant difference with the control. The different strains also induced stunting rates of coleoptile growth. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum, F. falciforme and F. solani were very aggressive, as they recorded above 50% damping-off rates. The test on the bulbs revealed that the strains were classified into two groups. The first consists of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, which caused rots with respective lengths from 2.06;1.48;1.84;1.46 and 2.12 cm, thus very aggressive according to Ghanbarzadeh scale. The second is formed by F. proliferatum which recorded 0.90 cm of rot length, thus moderately aggressive. It would be appropriate to suggest a sustainable management method for these pathogens in order to improve the yield of onion production.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sugars, lipids, and polyphenol content were estimated according to the AFNOR standardized methods. The determination of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium and phosphorus was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results highlighted an average acidity of 0.377% ± 0.002% lower than the value of the imported variety which is 0.520% ± 0.001%. Local varieties have a pH ranging from 6.35 ± 0.003 to 6.42 ± 0.004, while the variety has a pH of 6.36 ± 0.003. The ash and dry matter contents vary respectively from 4.788% ± 0.004% to 8.253% ± 0.003% and 7.945% ± 0.021% to 11.945% ± 0.007% for the local varieties. Moreover, the imported one has ash and dry matter contents of 5.175% ± 0.007% and 10.035% ± 0.021% respectively. The results show that the protein, reducing sugar and lipid contents in the local onion varieties vary respectively from 2.815 ± 0.000 to 15.634 ± 0.001 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup>;4.691 ± 0.001 to 12.596 ± 0.002 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.006 ± 0.001 to 0.050 ± 0.057 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, the imported variety has a protein, reducing sugar and lipid content of 5.649 ± 0.002;8.565 ± 0.002 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.011 ± 0.010 g·100 g<sup>-1</sup> respectively. The maximum levels of total polyphenols are obtained in the imported variety, Bellani and Gandiol, respectively 9.973 ± 0.001, 4.535 ± 0.002, and 3.425 ± 0.006 mg EAG/g of dry matter. The local varieties have a significant calorific intake of between 35.451 ± 0.001 and 112.980 ± 0.003 kcal·100 g<sup>-1</sup> compared to the imported one with an energy value of 56.953 ± 0.001 kcal·100 g<sup>-1</sup> of dry matter. The bulbs of different onion varieties studied have a fairly high content of mineral elements. The potassium content of local varieties is between 502.16 ± 0.06 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup> and 582.77 ± 0.04 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup> while the imported variety has a content of 536.62 ± 1.30 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>. They note that the local varieties have a better calcium content (249.75 ± 0.07 to 434.20 ± 0.57 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and magnesium (142.15 ± 0.07 to 162.60 ± 0.42 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) than the imported variety (229.58 ± 0.04 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) except for the varieties White Grano (228.29 ± 0.01 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and Rouge Amposta (117.00 ± 0.42 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>) respectively. These results reveal that Gandiol, Dayo and Orient F1 are nutritionally found better due to their higher antioxidant property, proteins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugar and should be included in diets to supplement our daily allowance needed by the body.
文摘为建立多态性高、稳定性好的洋葱RAPD-PCR反应体系,采用正交设计,研究了Taq酶、Mg2+、引物和dNTP 4种RAPD-PCR反应组分浓度变化对扩增结果的影响,在此基础上对模板DNA用量、扩增程序中退火温度和反应循环次数进行了筛选。试验结果表明,洋葱20μl RAPD-PCR优化反应体系为1×Buffer、2.0 mmo1/L Mg2+、1.0 UTaqDNA聚合酶、200μmo1/L dNTP、0.6μmo1/L引物、2%甘油和15 ng DNA模板;PCR扩增程序为94℃预变性4 m in;94℃变性30 s,35℃退火40 s,72℃延长1.5 m in,45个循环;72℃保温延伸7 m in。
基金Supported by Fund Project of Heilongjiang Province(C2015017)Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Commissioner Project(GC13B09)
文摘Onion （Allium cepa L.） was an economic vegetable and a strictly biennial herb, which was widely distributed in the world. In the past, it was a strictly biennial plant, the studies had shown that FT （FLOWERING LOCUS T） gene was involved in the photoperiod pathway to regulate fowering in the model plant. In this study, transcriptome sequencing method was used to obtain cDNA sequence of FT homologous gene in onion, named AcFT3 （KF864665）. AcFT3 had a full-length of 540 bp, encoded 179 amino acids, with 98.31% homology to AfFT （Allium fstulosum）, and 63.0%-84.0% homology to other higher plants. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AcFT3 had the closest relationship with AfFT. The results of quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression pattern of AcFT3 both in vegetative growth of onion and in different organs of bolting and fowering, the expression level of AcFT3 reached the highest in the leaves before bolting and in the fower organs after bolting.
文摘Chemical extraction methods are generally used to evaluate trace element concentrations in soils. The adequacy of these soil tests is commonly assessed by comparing the extraction results with the metal contents in the plants. In this study, soil and leaf samples were collected in the southwest area of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are species of great regional economic importance. These crops need good mineral nutrition for optimum growth and sustainable production. Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe micronutrient uptake by plants was analyzed together with the trace element contents in the soil in which those plants were grown. A single EDTA-extraction procedure was performed to determine soil micronutrients. The amount of extractable-trace elements increased as the concentration of the chelating agent EDTA increased. The range of total element content in soil was: 15.68-31.5 mg·kg-1 for Cu, 75.0-386.3 mg·kg-1 for Zn, 542.5 -1686 mg·kg-1 for Mn and 28,325-32,675 mg·kg-1 for Fe. Micronutrient contents in mature leaf tissue were determined by the acid digestion method. Total and available micronutrient content in soil as well as total content in leaves were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Total micronutrient content and the available extractable-fraction in soils were below the critical values for plant growth. This was in agreement with the amount of micronutrients present in the leaf tissue. A strong relationship between the extraction data and the soil-plant transfer coefficients suggested an appropriate exchange of trace elements from soils to garlic, onion and tomato plants.
文摘This research was carried out to assess the effect of different varieties and mulching types on insect and disease infestation,and the yield of onions.The experiment was conducted in Sangkat TuekVil,KrongSiem Reap,in Cambodia.A 2×4 factorial in RCBD(Randomized Complete Blocks Design)was used to layout the trial,in which two varieties(Texas Early Grano 502 PRR and Earth F1)and four mulch types(non-mulch,rice Straw,silver plastic mulching and black plastic mulching)were used as the treatments.Application of these treatments was to enhance soil temperature,leaf number plant-1,stand count,bulb diameter,single bulb weight,insect incidence,disease incidence and bulb yield are different to all treatments.As the result,the bulb yields of onions among these treatments were found superior in Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with Black Plastic mulch followed by Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with silver plastic mulch and Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined rice straw mulch,whereas the lowest was found in Earth F1combined with non-mulch.
文摘Prema 178 onion variety is widely used in production in Burkina Faso. It is greatly appreciated but susceptible to basal rot. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic ability of six strains of Fusarium genus identified in Burkina Faso on onion. Seeds, seedlings and bulbs were used for the test. A conidial suspension of each strain was made in tubes and adjusted to 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> conidia/ml with distilled water for the different tests. Germination test in the laboratory and greenhouse showed that all treatments with the strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum and F. sp. induced failure to emerge and showed a significant difference with the control. The different strains also induced stunting rates of coleoptile growth. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum, F. falciforme and F. solani were very aggressive, as they recorded above 50% damping-off rates. The test on the bulbs revealed that the strains were classified into two groups. The first consists of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, which caused rots with respective lengths from 2.06;1.48;1.84;1.46 and 2.12 cm, thus very aggressive according to Ghanbarzadeh scale. The second is formed by F. proliferatum which recorded 0.90 cm of rot length, thus moderately aggressive. It would be appropriate to suggest a sustainable management method for these pathogens in order to improve the yield of onion production.
