Four sets of rice isonuclear-alloplasmic lines including 16 male sterile lines and their maintainer lines were analyzed by using 91 pairs of SSR primers to study the genetic diversity of nuclear genome and their relat...Four sets of rice isonuclear-alloplasmic lines including 16 male sterile lines and their maintainer lines were analyzed by using 91 pairs of SSR primers to study the genetic diversity of nuclear genome and their relative relationships. A total of 169 alleles were detected in the 16 lines, with a frequency of polymorphic loci of 53.85% and an average number of alleles per locus of 1.8, and the average gene diversity was 0.228. Four sets of the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines shared 146 identical alleles, corresponding to 86.39% of the total alleles; meanwhile, there are 23 different alleles among the tested materials, being 13.61% of the total alleles. On average, 78.70% identical alleles and 21.30% different alleles of the total alleles were detected between the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines and their maintainer lines. There were 53.85% identical alleles and 46.15% different alleles of the total alleles among the homozygous allonucleus male sterile lines. The fingerprints were established for some male sterile lines and maintainer lines. All the materials tested were divided into three groups at the 0.2 genetic distance based on the cluster analysis. Eight lines of Huanong A and Huayu A （including Huanong B and Huayu B） were in the first group, four lines of Kezhen A （including Kezhen B） in the second group, and four lines of Zhenshan 97A （including Zhenshan 97B） in the third group. For the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines, the similarity coefficient between Y （Yegong） type and WA （wild abortive） type or between CW （Raoping wild rice） and WA type reached 87-98%.展开更多
Novel wheat bearing alloplasm was bred via nucleo substitution backcross. Through comparative study between the homonucleo heterocytoplasmic lines and homocytoplasm heteronuclear lines, it was shown that a portion of ...Novel wheat bearing alloplasm was bred via nucleo substitution backcross. Through comparative study between the homonucleo heterocytoplasmic lines and homocytoplasm heteronuclear lines, it was shown that a portion of the alloplasm types were able to produce useful genetic effects on wheat yield, grain quality, tolerance of salt and resistance to diseases. Among the species studied, the cytoplasm of Aegilops crassa, Ae. squarrosa and Ae. ventricosa contributed the best effect. Specific combination of nuclear genes and cytoplasmic genes conferred specific characteristics and degree of nucleoplasmic heterosis. The alloplasmic wheat lines with cytoplasm substituted were successfully bred with good quality and resistance to disease and harsh conditions. In particular, the new variety of nucleoplasmic hybrid having Ae. crassa cytoplasm proved the best in production test, demonstration and regional test and was consequently pre approved for large scale plantation. The probing of the genetic variations and the utilization of alloplasmic wheat was proven to be valuable for both genetic study and breeding of new varieties.展开更多
The heterosis of F1 from combining with some homokaryon -alloplasmic sterile lines named KVV 41,KVFuyiA, WAV41A and WAFuyiA were tested and the endogenous hormones of KVV41A, WAV41A and V41Bwere determined. The hetero...The heterosis of F1 from combining with some homokaryon -alloplasmic sterile lines named KVV 41,KVFuyiA, WAV41A and WAFuyiA were tested and the endogenous hormones of KVV41A, WAV41A and V41Bwere determined. The heterosis of combinations with KV cytoplasm was higher than that with WA cytoplasm,showing significantly positive effects. The contents of IAA and GA1+3+4+7 in sterile line KVV41A, WAV41A wereobviously lower than that in restorer line V41B during panicle initiation stage, the loss of hormones in WA typewas earlier than in KV type and the hormone contents of KV sterile line were more than that of WA sterile line. Itsuggested that KV cytoplasm effected differently from WA cytoplasm on rice hybrids.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （Grant No. 032244） the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Education Department （Grant No. Z03004）.
文摘Four sets of rice isonuclear-alloplasmic lines including 16 male sterile lines and their maintainer lines were analyzed by using 91 pairs of SSR primers to study the genetic diversity of nuclear genome and their relative relationships. A total of 169 alleles were detected in the 16 lines, with a frequency of polymorphic loci of 53.85% and an average number of alleles per locus of 1.8, and the average gene diversity was 0.228. Four sets of the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines shared 146 identical alleles, corresponding to 86.39% of the total alleles; meanwhile, there are 23 different alleles among the tested materials, being 13.61% of the total alleles. On average, 78.70% identical alleles and 21.30% different alleles of the total alleles were detected between the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines and their maintainer lines. There were 53.85% identical alleles and 46.15% different alleles of the total alleles among the homozygous allonucleus male sterile lines. The fingerprints were established for some male sterile lines and maintainer lines. All the materials tested were divided into three groups at the 0.2 genetic distance based on the cluster analysis. Eight lines of Huanong A and Huayu A （including Huanong B and Huayu B） were in the first group, four lines of Kezhen A （including Kezhen B） in the second group, and four lines of Zhenshan 97A （including Zhenshan 97B） in the third group. For the isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines, the similarity coefficient between Y （Yegong） type and WA （wild abortive） type or between CW （Raoping wild rice） and WA type reached 87-98%.
文摘Novel wheat bearing alloplasm was bred via nucleo substitution backcross. Through comparative study between the homonucleo heterocytoplasmic lines and homocytoplasm heteronuclear lines, it was shown that a portion of the alloplasm types were able to produce useful genetic effects on wheat yield, grain quality, tolerance of salt and resistance to diseases. Among the species studied, the cytoplasm of Aegilops crassa, Ae. squarrosa and Ae. ventricosa contributed the best effect. Specific combination of nuclear genes and cytoplasmic genes conferred specific characteristics and degree of nucleoplasmic heterosis. The alloplasmic wheat lines with cytoplasm substituted were successfully bred with good quality and resistance to disease and harsh conditions. In particular, the new variety of nucleoplasmic hybrid having Ae. crassa cytoplasm proved the best in production test, demonstration and regional test and was consequently pre approved for large scale plantation. The probing of the genetic variations and the utilization of alloplasmic wheat was proven to be valuable for both genetic study and breeding of new varieties.
文摘The heterosis of F1 from combining with some homokaryon -alloplasmic sterile lines named KVV 41,KVFuyiA, WAV41A and WAFuyiA were tested and the endogenous hormones of KVV41A, WAV41A and V41Bwere determined. The heterosis of combinations with KV cytoplasm was higher than that with WA cytoplasm,showing significantly positive effects. The contents of IAA and GA1+3+4+7 in sterile line KVV41A, WAV41A wereobviously lower than that in restorer line V41B during panicle initiation stage, the loss of hormones in WA typewas earlier than in KV type and the hormone contents of KV sterile line were more than that of WA sterile line. Itsuggested that KV cytoplasm effected differently from WA cytoplasm on rice hybrids.
