[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was...[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was transformed by G418 resistant DNA plasmid using PEG/CaCl2 method. [Result] The growth phenotype and PCR detection showed that resistance gene had integrated into A.tenuissima genome. The transformation efficiency of this method reached per μg DNA 3-4 transformants. After subculture thrice under nonselective condition, G418 resistance could still inherit stably. [Conclusion] The transformation system of A.tenuissima was successfully established, which laid basis for studying of the gene function of Alternaria tenuissima.展开更多
A chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of Alternaria tenuissima EN- 192, an endophytic fungus obtained from the stems of the marine mangrove plant Rhizophora stylosa, resulted ...A chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of Alternaria tenuissima EN- 192, an endophytic fungus obtained from the stems of the marine mangrove plant Rhizophora stylosa, resulted in the isolation of nine known secondary metabolites, including four indole-diterpenoids： penijanthine A （1）, paspaline （2）, paspalinine （3）, and penitrem A （4）; three tricycloalternarene derivatives： tricycloalternarene 3a （5）, tricycloalternarene lb （6）, and tricycloalternarene 2b （7）; and two alternariol congeners： djalonensone （8） and alternariol （9）. The chemical structures of these metabolites were characterized through a combination of detailed spectroscopic analyses and their comparison with reports from the literature. The inhibitory activities of each isolated compound against four bacteria were evaluated and compounds 5 and 8 displayed moderate activity against the aquaculture pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum, with inhibition zone diameters of 8 and 9 mm, respectively, at 100 gg/disk. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the secondary metabolites of mangrove-derived Alternaria tenuissima and also the first report of the isolation ofindole-diterpenoids from fungal genus Alternaria.展开更多
Alternaria tenuissima is a fungus widely present in the environment and could cause diseases in plants and humans. In this study, through a yeast genetic approach, cDNA sequences were isolated and characterized for th...Alternaria tenuissima is a fungus widely present in the environment and could cause diseases in plants and humans. In this study, through a yeast genetic approach, cDNA sequences were isolated and characterized for the AtHIS3 and AtLEU2 genes. AtHIS3 cDNA encodes a protein of 238 amino acids, while AtLEU2 cDNA encodes a protein of 363 amino acids. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences of AtHis3p and AtLeu2p, A. tenuissima is closely related to the plant pathogenic fungus Phaeosphaeria nodorum. This study provides two genetic markers for studies of functions of genes regulating development, morphology, and virulence of A. tenuissima.展开更多
Black spot disease,caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria tenuissima(Fr.)Wiltsh(A.tenuissima),is considered a highly destructive disease of Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.).A set of 17 accessions o...Black spot disease,caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria tenuissima(Fr.)Wiltsh(A.tenuissima),is considered a highly destructive disease of Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.).A set of 17 accessions of commercial chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated for resistance to A.tenuissima by seedling artificial inoculation.It was found that the reaction of the accessions to artificial inoculation ranged from resistant to highly susceptible.Five varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Taogui’,‘Jinba’,‘Zhongshan Jinguan’,‘Jinling Wanhuang’and‘Jinling Yangguang’)were resistant;two varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Xinggui’and‘Zhongshan Jinkui’)were moderately resistant;and others were susceptible to various degrees,four varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Zihe’,‘Zhongshan Jiuhong’,‘Zaoyihong’and‘Jinling Jiaohuang’)were highly susceptible,especially.Some leaf morphological features of two resistant and two highly susceptible cultivars were further researched.Trichome density,length,height,gland size and stomata density were found to be associated with plant passive resistance.Resistant varieties that were identified in present study will be promising germplasm for exploitation of breeding programmes aimed at developing A.tenuissima-resistant cultivars and increasing genetic diversity.展开更多
Biological characteristics of Alternaria tenuissima on Dendrobium sandidium Wall. et Lindl. were studied. The result showed that A. tenuissima on D. sandidium Wall. et Lindl. could grow at temperature 5 -35 ℃and pH v...Biological characteristics of Alternaria tenuissima on Dendrobium sandidium Wall. et Lindl. were studied. The result showed that A. tenuissima on D. sandidium Wall. et Lindl. could grow at temperature 5 -35 ℃and pH value of 2 - 10, the optimal temperature and pH value were 25℃ and 7 for its growth and sporulation, respectively. Starch was the optimal carbon sources and peptone was the optimal nitrogen source for the growth and sporulation of bacterial colony, re- spectively; PSA and PCA were the optimal media for its growth and sporalation, respectively.展开更多
About 60% of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantations in Argentina are located in the provinces of Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires. Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii have been reported as pathogen...About 60% of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantations in Argentina are located in the provinces of Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires. Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii have been reported as pathogens of blueberry, causing leaf spots and branch cankers. The aims of this research were to estimate the prevalence of these microorganisms on leaves and fruits taken from crops located in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, as well as to differentiate leaf symptoms after target inoculations with each pathogen individually and in mixtures. Both fungi were present in blueberry fields from 2010 to 2013. A. tenuissima was the most prevalent pathogen, as most of the symptoms detected in the fields had been caused by this species. As a result of inoculations on cv. O’Neal, injured tissues showed symptoms before undamaged ones. Leaf symptoms caused by A. tenuissima differed from those caused by P. guepinii because of their predominant reddish color and the absence of drop-off of the central part of the lesions. When inoculated in a mixture, incubation period on leaves was intermediate between the registered for individual inoculations. The leaves showed reddishbrown spots typical of A. tenuissima and dark brown spots typical of P. guepinii, both with red margins. Blight, defoliation and canker symptoms caused in each case were undistinguishable.展开更多
A new isocoumarin,tenuissimasatin（1）,was isolated from metabolites of the endophytic fungus Alternaria tenuissima（Nees ＆ T.Nees：Fr.） Wiltshire,which was isolated from the bark of Erythrophleum fordii Oliver,toge...A new isocoumarin,tenuissimasatin（1）,was isolated from metabolites of the endophytic fungus Alternaria tenuissima（Nees ＆ T.Nees：Fr.） Wiltshire,which was isolated from the bark of Erythrophleum fordii Oliver,together with 11 known compounds（2- 12）.The structure and absolute configuration of 1 was determined by means of NMR and CD analysis.Compound 3 shows selective cytotoxic activity on human colon cancer cell HCT-8（IC_（50） = 1.78μmol/L） by MTT test in vitro.Other compounds show no such activities（IC_（50）〉10μmol/L）.展开更多
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was transformed by G418 resistant DNA plasmid using PEG/CaCl2 method. [Result] The growth phenotype and PCR detection showed that resistance gene had integrated into A.tenuissima genome. The transformation efficiency of this method reached per μg DNA 3-4 transformants. After subculture thrice under nonselective condition, G418 resistance could still inherit stably. [Conclusion] The transformation system of A.tenuissima was successfully established, which laid basis for studying of the gene function of Alternaria tenuissima.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30910103914,31270403)the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2010CB833802)
文摘A chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of Alternaria tenuissima EN- 192, an endophytic fungus obtained from the stems of the marine mangrove plant Rhizophora stylosa, resulted in the isolation of nine known secondary metabolites, including four indole-diterpenoids： penijanthine A （1）, paspaline （2）, paspalinine （3）, and penitrem A （4）; three tricycloalternarene derivatives： tricycloalternarene 3a （5）, tricycloalternarene lb （6）, and tricycloalternarene 2b （7）; and two alternariol congeners： djalonensone （8） and alternariol （9）. The chemical structures of these metabolites were characterized through a combination of detailed spectroscopic analyses and their comparison with reports from the literature. The inhibitory activities of each isolated compound against four bacteria were evaluated and compounds 5 and 8 displayed moderate activity against the aquaculture pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum, with inhibition zone diameters of 8 and 9 mm, respectively, at 100 gg/disk. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the secondary metabolites of mangrove-derived Alternaria tenuissima and also the first report of the isolation ofindole-diterpenoids from fungal genus Alternaria.
文摘Alternaria tenuissima is a fungus widely present in the environment and could cause diseases in plants and humans. In this study, through a yeast genetic approach, cDNA sequences were isolated and characterized for the AtHIS3 and AtLEU2 genes. AtHIS3 cDNA encodes a protein of 238 amino acids, while AtLEU2 cDNA encodes a protein of 363 amino acids. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences of AtHis3p and AtLeu2p, A. tenuissima is closely related to the plant pathogenic fungus Phaeosphaeria nodorum. This study provides two genetic markers for studies of functions of genes regulating development, morphology, and virulence of A. tenuissima.
基金This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD1001501)the Earmarked Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS[2019]421)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KYYJ201905)。
文摘Black spot disease,caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria tenuissima(Fr.)Wiltsh(A.tenuissima),is considered a highly destructive disease of Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.).A set of 17 accessions of commercial chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated for resistance to A.tenuissima by seedling artificial inoculation.It was found that the reaction of the accessions to artificial inoculation ranged from resistant to highly susceptible.Five varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Taogui’,‘Jinba’,‘Zhongshan Jinguan’,‘Jinling Wanhuang’and‘Jinling Yangguang’)were resistant;two varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Xinggui’and‘Zhongshan Jinkui’)were moderately resistant;and others were susceptible to various degrees,four varieties of chrysanthemum(‘Zhongshan Zihe’,‘Zhongshan Jiuhong’,‘Zaoyihong’and‘Jinling Jiaohuang’)were highly susceptible,especially.Some leaf morphological features of two resistant and two highly susceptible cultivars were further researched.Trichome density,length,height,gland size and stomata density were found to be associated with plant passive resistance.Resistant varieties that were identified in present study will be promising germplasm for exploitation of breeding programmes aimed at developing A.tenuissima-resistant cultivars and increasing genetic diversity.
文摘Biological characteristics of Alternaria tenuissima on Dendrobium sandidium Wall. et Lindl. were studied. The result showed that A. tenuissima on D. sandidium Wall. et Lindl. could grow at temperature 5 -35 ℃and pH value of 2 - 10, the optimal temperature and pH value were 25℃ and 7 for its growth and sporulation, respectively. Starch was the optimal carbon sources and peptone was the optimal nitrogen source for the growth and sporulation of bacterial colony, re- spectively; PSA and PCA were the optimal media for its growth and sporalation, respectively.
文摘About 60% of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantations in Argentina are located in the provinces of Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires. Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii have been reported as pathogens of blueberry, causing leaf spots and branch cankers. The aims of this research were to estimate the prevalence of these microorganisms on leaves and fruits taken from crops located in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, as well as to differentiate leaf symptoms after target inoculations with each pathogen individually and in mixtures. Both fungi were present in blueberry fields from 2010 to 2013. A. tenuissima was the most prevalent pathogen, as most of the symptoms detected in the fields had been caused by this species. As a result of inoculations on cv. O’Neal, injured tissues showed symptoms before undamaged ones. Leaf symptoms caused by A. tenuissima differed from those caused by P. guepinii because of their predominant reddish color and the absence of drop-off of the central part of the lesions. When inoculated in a mixture, incubation period on leaves was intermediate between the registered for individual inoculations. The leaves showed reddishbrown spots typical of A. tenuissima and dark brown spots typical of P. guepinii, both with red margins. Blight, defoliation and canker symptoms caused in each case were undistinguishable.
基金Financial support from the National Science and Technology Project of China(No2009ZX09311-004)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No201072234)
文摘A new isocoumarin,tenuissimasatin（1）,was isolated from metabolites of the endophytic fungus Alternaria tenuissima（Nees ＆ T.Nees：Fr.） Wiltshire,which was isolated from the bark of Erythrophleum fordii Oliver,together with 11 known compounds（2- 12）.The structure and absolute configuration of 1 was determined by means of NMR and CD analysis.Compound 3 shows selective cytotoxic activity on human colon cancer cell HCT-8（IC_（50） = 1.78μmol/L） by MTT test in vitro.Other compounds show no such activities（IC_（50）〉10μmol/L）.
