In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize k...In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize kernels was carried out using Hitachi L-8900 Automatic Amino-acid Analyzer, to know the effect of the Analyzer in distinguishing the lysine contents between common maize kernels and high-lysine maize kernels. The results showed that the lysine contents of high-lysine maize kernels were among 0.34%-0.42%, while of common maize kernels were a- mong 0.24%-0.25%, and the difference was significant. Compared with other tradi- tional methods, this method is rapid, simple, sensitive, highly reproductive and needs fewer maize kernels, thus it is applicable in maize breeding.展开更多
The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerica...The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerically distinguishable with respect to the polymerase acidic protein. The amino-acid pair predictability was used to transfer 2432 polymerase acidic proteins into 2432 scalar data. The one-way ANOVA found these polymerase acidic proteins distinguish-able in terms of subtypes and species. However, the large residuals in ANOVA suggested a pos-sible large intra-subtype/species variation. Therefore, the inter- and intra-subtype/species variations were studied using the model II ANOVA. The results showed that the in-tra-subtype/species variations accounted most of variation, which was 100% in total for both inter- and intra- subtype/species variations. Our analysis threw lights on the issue of how to de-termine a wide variety of patterns of antigenic variation across space and time, and within and between subtypes as well as hosts.展开更多
A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marro...A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marrow cells (BMCs) to the sponge structure. Moreover, it was considered that a hybrid scaffold composed of a sponge and enveloped cylindrical porous hydroxyapatite (HA) would be convenient. In this study, the effect of leucine (Leu) coating on a PVF sponge was examined for osteogenesis on an HA/PVF hybrid scaffold by rat BMCs (rBMCs). In an in vivo assessment, the sponge immersed in Leu solution (10 mg/ml) was inserted into the hollow center of cylindrical HA. The sponge received 1.5 × 106 rBMCs obtained from male Fischer 344 rats. The hybrid scaffolds were then implanted subcutaneously of syngeneic rats for 6 weeks. In vitro assessment of Leu to hard tissue formation with coating on the well or addition in rBMC culture medium was also performed in a 6-well plate for 2 weeks. In vivo examinations showed the excellent effect of Leu coating on PVF sponge. Leu-coated PVF sponge in the scaffolds showed marked new bone formation in the pores by histological examination. Leu-coated PVF sponge showed a high quantity of osteocalcine (OC). HA might prevent the release of rBMCs from PVF as a barrier. In in vitro examinations, the quantity of OC in rBMC culture with and without the addition of Leu in culture medium showed no significant difference. However, addition of Leu showed significant ALP activity level in culture medium. Leu coating in culture plate wells showed no influence on the quantity of OC. It was concluded from the results that Leu might prevent the emigration of rBMCs to the outside of the scaffold and promote the differentiation of cells to osteoblasts in the scaffold.展开更多
The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In th...The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In this study, we converted the amino acids in human adrenoleukodystrophy protein with its 128 missense mutations into random domain using the amino-acid pair predictability, and then we studied their mutation patterns. The results show 1) the mutations are more likely to target the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is larger than their predicted one, 2) the mutations are more likely to form the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is smaller than their predicted frequency, 3) mutations are more likely to occur at unpredictable amino-acid pairs, and 4) mutations have the trend to narrow the difference between predicted and actual frequencies of amino-acid pairs.展开更多
Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characteriz...Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in trigonal, space group R-3 with a = 17.0742（3）, b = 17.0742（3）, c = 16.792（4）A°, γ = 120°, F（000） = 3474, Mr = 2413.92, Z = 3, V = 4239.4（14）A°^3, Dc = 2.837 g/cm^3,μ（MoKα） = 2.728 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0622, wR = 0.1549 （I 〉 2σ（I）） and GOF = 1.143. In compound 1, each [SiMo12O40]^4- unit is surrounded by six Gly molecules through hydrogen bonding. Compounds 2 and 3 crystallize in monoclinic, space groups P21c and P21/c, respectively. The pH value of the reaction media plays a crucial role in the formations of the three compounds.展开更多
In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP...In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP-α-Ala) and the structures and energies involved in the reaction.展开更多
A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4...A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4,4?-dipyridine) has been obtained. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The complex crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 14.650(11), b = 36.56(3), c = 7.112(5) ? and V = 3809.3(8) ?~3. In this framework, bipy connects adjacent Ni–K heteronuclear coordination units into 1 D railway type chains, which are further propagated into 2 D deck-like array bearing large tunnels through the carboxylic oxygen from N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid. The molar electrical conductivity of heteronuclear complex increases gradually with increasing the temperature. Complex 1 also exhibits strong photoluminescent emission in the visible region.展开更多
目的研究刺通草各部位营养成分,评价其氨基酸营养价值。方法通过对刺通草花苞、嫩叶、老叶、茎皮等部位的蛋白质、总灰分、氨基酸、氮、磷、钾、钙进行测定与分析,综合评价各部位的营养情况。结果刺通草不同部位的营养成分存在差异,花...目的研究刺通草各部位营养成分,评价其氨基酸营养价值。方法通过对刺通草花苞、嫩叶、老叶、茎皮等部位的蛋白质、总灰分、氨基酸、氮、磷、钾、钙进行测定与分析,综合评价各部位的营养情况。结果刺通草不同部位的营养成分存在差异,花苞的蛋白质及氮、磷、钾含量最高,分别为18.60%、2.98%、0.512%、3.00%;茎皮中总灰分和钙含量最高,分别为31.32%、7.28%,约为花苞和叶的3倍。各部位均检测到16种氨基酸和6种必需氨基酸,总氨基酸含量为47.59~106.57 mg/g,必需氨基酸含量为17.07~38.14 mg/g,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的34.70%~40.27%。精氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸为花苞和茎皮的主要氨基酸;谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、亮氨酸为嫩叶和老叶的主要氨基酸;刺通草各部位的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸;各部位呈味氨基酸和药用氨基酸含量丰富,分别占总氨基酸的88%和56%以上。各部位的氨基酸比值系数分(score of ratio coefficient of amino acid,SRC)值介于65.42~71.11之间,平均值为67.16。结论刺通草花苞的蛋白质等营养含量丰富,叶的氨基酸营养价值较高,茎皮中钙含量非常丰富。本研究可为刺通草资源开发和利用提供科学参考。展开更多
目的研究采用靶向代谢组学方法,观察苍术麸炒前后对脾虚大鼠血清氨基酸水平的变化,探讨苍术炮制机制。方法72只大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、低剂量生苍术组(生低组)、中剂量生苍术组(生中组)、高剂量生苍术组(生高组)、低剂量麸炒苍术...目的研究采用靶向代谢组学方法,观察苍术麸炒前后对脾虚大鼠血清氨基酸水平的变化,探讨苍术炮制机制。方法72只大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、低剂量生苍术组(生低组)、中剂量生苍术组(生中组)、高剂量生苍术组(生高组)、低剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒低组)、中剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒中组)和高剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒高组),共8组,每组9只。除正常组外,模型组通过过度疲劳、苦寒泻下和饮食不节法造模。对各组大鼠采用酶联免疫吸附测定(Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)方法测定颌下腺中水通道蛋白3(Aquaporin-3,AQP-3)、水通道蛋白4(AQP-4)、水通道蛋白5(AQP-5)、水通道蛋白8(AQP-8)的含量,结肠中水通道蛋白1(AQP-1)、水通道蛋白2(AQP-2)、水通道蛋白9(AQP-9)、紧密连接蛋白1(zonula occludes protein-1,ZO-1)的含量。对生中组和麸炒中组采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry,UH-PLC-MS/MS)检测血清中24种氨基酸水平的变化。结果与正常组比较,模型组中颌下腺AQP-3、AQP-4、AQP-5、AQP-8的含量显著降低(P<0.05);模型组中结肠AQP-1和AQP-2的含量显著升高(P<0.05),AQP-9和ZO-1的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。生苍术和麸炒苍术对上述指标均有调节作用。经进一步同等剂量的生苍术和麸炒苍术相比,麸炒中组使上述指标含量升高更明显。与正常组比较,模型组血清中L-缬氨酸等4种物质的水平显著升高(P<0.05),L-酪氨酸等11种物质的水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。经进一步比较,麸炒苍术对上述指标调节效果优于生苍术。靶向代谢通路分析表明,这些差异代谢物主要与精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、氨酰tRNA生物合成、甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢通路有关。结论苍术炮制后的增效机制可能与对脾虚大鼠血清中氨基酸调节有关。展开更多
基金Supported by Henan Major Scientific and Technological Project(121100110300)Outstanding Youth Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2013YQ006)~~
文摘In this study, nine high-lysine maize kernels and two kernels of common maize hybrid were used as experiment materials, and quantitative determination of lysine contents in high-lysine maize kernels and common maize kernels was carried out using Hitachi L-8900 Automatic Amino-acid Analyzer, to know the effect of the Analyzer in distinguishing the lysine contents between common maize kernels and high-lysine maize kernels. The results showed that the lysine contents of high-lysine maize kernels were among 0.34%-0.42%, while of common maize kernels were a- mong 0.24%-0.25%, and the difference was significant. Compared with other tradi- tional methods, this method is rapid, simple, sensitive, highly reproductive and needs fewer maize kernels, thus it is applicable in maize breeding.
文摘The polymerase acidic protein is an important family of proteins from influenza A virus, which is classified as many different subtypes or spe-cies. Thus, an important question is if these classifications are numerically distinguishable with respect to the polymerase acidic protein. The amino-acid pair predictability was used to transfer 2432 polymerase acidic proteins into 2432 scalar data. The one-way ANOVA found these polymerase acidic proteins distinguish-able in terms of subtypes and species. However, the large residuals in ANOVA suggested a pos-sible large intra-subtype/species variation. Therefore, the inter- and intra-subtype/species variations were studied using the model II ANOVA. The results showed that the in-tra-subtype/species variations accounted most of variation, which was 100% in total for both inter- and intra- subtype/species variations. Our analysis threw lights on the issue of how to de-termine a wide variety of patterns of antigenic variation across space and time, and within and between subtypes as well as hosts.
文摘A formalin-treated polyvinyl-alcohol (PVF) sponge is convenient as a scaffold because its configuration is easily modified. However, coating the sponge with an adhesive chemical agent is necessary to attach bone marrow cells (BMCs) to the sponge structure. Moreover, it was considered that a hybrid scaffold composed of a sponge and enveloped cylindrical porous hydroxyapatite (HA) would be convenient. In this study, the effect of leucine (Leu) coating on a PVF sponge was examined for osteogenesis on an HA/PVF hybrid scaffold by rat BMCs (rBMCs). In an in vivo assessment, the sponge immersed in Leu solution (10 mg/ml) was inserted into the hollow center of cylindrical HA. The sponge received 1.5 × 106 rBMCs obtained from male Fischer 344 rats. The hybrid scaffolds were then implanted subcutaneously of syngeneic rats for 6 weeks. In vitro assessment of Leu to hard tissue formation with coating on the well or addition in rBMC culture medium was also performed in a 6-well plate for 2 weeks. In vivo examinations showed the excellent effect of Leu coating on PVF sponge. Leu-coated PVF sponge in the scaffolds showed marked new bone formation in the pores by histological examination. Leu-coated PVF sponge showed a high quantity of osteocalcine (OC). HA might prevent the release of rBMCs from PVF as a barrier. In in vitro examinations, the quantity of OC in rBMC culture with and without the addition of Leu in culture medium showed no significant difference. However, addition of Leu showed significant ALP activity level in culture medium. Leu coating in culture plate wells showed no influence on the quantity of OC. It was concluded from the results that Leu might prevent the emigration of rBMCs to the outside of the scaffold and promote the differentiation of cells to osteoblasts in the scaffold.
文摘The mutation pattern in protein is a very important feature and is studied through various approaches including the study on mutation pattern in domains where amino acids are converted into numbers from letters. In this study, we converted the amino acids in human adrenoleukodystrophy protein with its 128 missense mutations into random domain using the amino-acid pair predictability, and then we studied their mutation patterns. The results show 1) the mutations are more likely to target the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is larger than their predicted one, 2) the mutations are more likely to form the amino-acid pairs whose actual frequency is smaller than their predicted frequency, 3) mutations are more likely to occur at unpredictable amino-acid pairs, and 4) mutations have the trend to narrow the difference between predicted and actual frequencies of amino-acid pairs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50472021) and the "One-hundred Talent "Project from the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Three novel amino acid salts of 12-molybdosilicate formulated （Gly）6H4SiMo12O40·8H2O 1, K3（HGly）SiMol2O40·4H2O 2 and K2（HGly）2SiMo12O40·9H2O 3 （Gly = NH3CH2COO） were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in trigonal, space group R-3 with a = 17.0742（3）, b = 17.0742（3）, c = 16.792（4）A°, γ = 120°, F（000） = 3474, Mr = 2413.92, Z = 3, V = 4239.4（14）A°^3, Dc = 2.837 g/cm^3,μ（MoKα） = 2.728 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0622, wR = 0.1549 （I 〉 2σ（I）） and GOF = 1.143. In compound 1, each [SiMo12O40]^4- unit is surrounded by six Gly molecules through hydrogen bonding. Compounds 2 and 3 crystallize in monoclinic, space groups P21c and P21/c, respectively. The pH value of the reaction media plays a crucial role in the formations of the three compounds.
文摘In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP-α-Ala) and the structures and energies involved in the reaction.
基金This project was supported by the National Foundation for Science of China(No.U180411457)Foundation for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Henan province(No.16410010012)the Foundation of Education Committee of Henan province(No.182102310897)
文摘A novel heteronuclear metal organic framework(MOF) incorporating both transition and alkali metal ions, namely, {(Ni_2K_2L_2·bipy]×6 H_2O]×2 H_2O}n(1, L = N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid, bipy = 4,4?-dipyridine) has been obtained. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The complex crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pccn with a = 14.650(11), b = 36.56(3), c = 7.112(5) ? and V = 3809.3(8) ?~3. In this framework, bipy connects adjacent Ni–K heteronuclear coordination units into 1 D railway type chains, which are further propagated into 2 D deck-like array bearing large tunnels through the carboxylic oxygen from N-phosphonomethyl amino diacetic acid. The molar electrical conductivity of heteronuclear complex increases gradually with increasing the temperature. Complex 1 also exhibits strong photoluminescent emission in the visible region.
文摘目的研究刺通草各部位营养成分,评价其氨基酸营养价值。方法通过对刺通草花苞、嫩叶、老叶、茎皮等部位的蛋白质、总灰分、氨基酸、氮、磷、钾、钙进行测定与分析,综合评价各部位的营养情况。结果刺通草不同部位的营养成分存在差异,花苞的蛋白质及氮、磷、钾含量最高,分别为18.60%、2.98%、0.512%、3.00%;茎皮中总灰分和钙含量最高,分别为31.32%、7.28%,约为花苞和叶的3倍。各部位均检测到16种氨基酸和6种必需氨基酸,总氨基酸含量为47.59~106.57 mg/g,必需氨基酸含量为17.07~38.14 mg/g,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的34.70%~40.27%。精氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸为花苞和茎皮的主要氨基酸;谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、亮氨酸为嫩叶和老叶的主要氨基酸;刺通草各部位的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸;各部位呈味氨基酸和药用氨基酸含量丰富,分别占总氨基酸的88%和56%以上。各部位的氨基酸比值系数分(score of ratio coefficient of amino acid,SRC)值介于65.42~71.11之间,平均值为67.16。结论刺通草花苞的蛋白质等营养含量丰富,叶的氨基酸营养价值较高,茎皮中钙含量非常丰富。本研究可为刺通草资源开发和利用提供科学参考。
文摘目的研究采用靶向代谢组学方法,观察苍术麸炒前后对脾虚大鼠血清氨基酸水平的变化,探讨苍术炮制机制。方法72只大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、低剂量生苍术组(生低组)、中剂量生苍术组(生中组)、高剂量生苍术组(生高组)、低剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒低组)、中剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒中组)和高剂量麸炒苍术组(麸炒高组),共8组,每组9只。除正常组外,模型组通过过度疲劳、苦寒泻下和饮食不节法造模。对各组大鼠采用酶联免疫吸附测定(Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)方法测定颌下腺中水通道蛋白3(Aquaporin-3,AQP-3)、水通道蛋白4(AQP-4)、水通道蛋白5(AQP-5)、水通道蛋白8(AQP-8)的含量,结肠中水通道蛋白1(AQP-1)、水通道蛋白2(AQP-2)、水通道蛋白9(AQP-9)、紧密连接蛋白1(zonula occludes protein-1,ZO-1)的含量。对生中组和麸炒中组采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry,UH-PLC-MS/MS)检测血清中24种氨基酸水平的变化。结果与正常组比较,模型组中颌下腺AQP-3、AQP-4、AQP-5、AQP-8的含量显著降低(P<0.05);模型组中结肠AQP-1和AQP-2的含量显著升高(P<0.05),AQP-9和ZO-1的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。生苍术和麸炒苍术对上述指标均有调节作用。经进一步同等剂量的生苍术和麸炒苍术相比,麸炒中组使上述指标含量升高更明显。与正常组比较,模型组血清中L-缬氨酸等4种物质的水平显著升高(P<0.05),L-酪氨酸等11种物质的水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。经进一步比较,麸炒苍术对上述指标调节效果优于生苍术。靶向代谢通路分析表明,这些差异代谢物主要与精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、氨酰tRNA生物合成、甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢通路有关。结论苍术炮制后的增效机制可能与对脾虚大鼠血清中氨基酸调节有关。
