Physiology of Cold Resistance of Amorpha fruticosa L. cv. Jinye

With two-year-old Amorpha fruticosa L. cv. Jinye and A. fruticosa as the research objects, the relative conductivity, MDA content, soluble sugar content, solu- ble protein content and proline content in leaf were determined during natural drop in temperature, and the SOD, POD and COD activity in leaf were determined under artificial low temperature to explore the adaptability of A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye to low temperature. The results showed that with the decrease in natural temperature, the content of MDA in A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye was lower than that in the control, and the contents of osmotic adjustment substances （soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline） increased, indicating that A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye had a stronger toler- ance to low temperature compared with A. fruticosa. The activity of SOD, POD and CAT in A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye increased continuously, higher than that in the con- trol, indicating that the resisting ability of A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye against low tem- perature was superior to that of the control. There was no significant difference in relative conductivity between A. fruticosa L. cv. Jinye and A. fruticosa.

An experimental study exploring the influencing factors for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoid compounds from leaves of Amorpha fruticosa L.

In this paper,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of flavonoid compounds from leaves of Amorpha fruticosa is optimized.In single factor experiments,solid/liquid ratios,ultrasonic power,ethanol concentrations and extraction cycles were experimental factors.Box–Behnken central composite design and RSM analyzed the effects of the four factors on the yield of total flavonoids.The optimal extraction parameters were solid/liquid ratio 1:50 g/mL,ultrasonic power 316 W,ethanol concentration 50%,4 extraction cycles.In the optimized condition,the estimated value of the regression model was 66.6456 mg/g while the measured value was 66.4329 mg/g.

Effects of soil moisture and light intensity on ecophysiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings

We investigated the combined effects of soil moisture and light intensity on the growth, development and ecophysiological characteristics of one-year old Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture and light intensity influenced the ecophysiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture resulted in the decreases of growth rate, individual size, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf water loss rate （WLR）, and biomass accumulation of plant parts, and led to increased leaf water saturation deficit （WSD）. Under water stress, more photosynthetic products were allocated to root growth. With decreasing light intensity, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chla/b, water saturation deficit, water use efficiency, water loss rate and biomass accumulation declined, while Chla, Chlb, Chla＋b and carotenoids （Car） increased and more photosynthetic products were allocated to stem and leaf growth. Maximum growth vigor, net photosynthetic rate and total biomass accumulation in Amorpha fruticosa seedlings was recorded at 75 80% soil water-holding capacity and 100% light density in greenhouse environments.

Cloning of A Full-Length cDNA Encoding 4-Coumarate:CoA Ligase of Amorpha fruticosa by PCR-Based Methods

An Amorpha fruticosa cDNA encoding 4 coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), a key enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism related to lignin forming, was cloned by degenerating oligo primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) PCR. We designed 5′RACE primers based on 4CLA1 fragment which obtained from degenerate PCR. Inverse PCR and nested PCR enabled cloning of the remainder fragments of the gene included 5′ and 3′ end sequence. The ORF encodes a polypeptide of 540 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence exhibits significant homology with those of other cloned 4CL genes, contain domains typical of predicted 4CL proteins, in particular a postulated AMP binding site, catalytic domain, and conserved Cys residues.

Cloning a Full-length cDNA Encoding UDP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase from Amorpha fruticosa by PCR-based Methods

A method based on degenerate Oligo primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and random amplification of cDNA end (RACE) PCR for cloning a full length cDNA is described. An Amorpha fruticosa cDNA clone encoding UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP), a key enzyme producing UDP glucose in the synthesis of sucrose and cellulose, is cloned by using this method. We design 5’ RACE primers based on UGPA1 fragment, which obtains from degenerate PCR. Inverse PCR and nested PCR enable cloning of the remainder 5’ and 3’ end fragments of the gene. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits significant homology with the other UGP genes cloned. This method is more simple and inexpensive than screening cDNA library, and can be easily adapted to clone other genes.

A new compound from the fruit of Amorpha fruticosa and activity against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity

A new isoflavone was obstained from the medicinal herb Amorpha fruticosa. It was elucidated asbenzopyran- 12-one, 1,4,10,11 - tetrahydro-6′-[8′-（hydroxymethy1）etheny1]-2,3-dimethoxy-8′-O-β-glucopyranosy1-O-α-D-arabinoside by spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, 1D NMR and 2D NMR techniques. And the activity against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity of this compound was also studied, and found this compound can protect liver obviously from hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen （AAP）. ？2009 Ting Guo Kang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Effects of Fruticosa potentilla L. on Expression of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Key Enzymes and Hormones in T2DM Rats

[Objectives]To study the effects of Fruticosa potentilla L.on the expression of key enzymes and hormones related to glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM rats.[Methods]The ethyl acetate fraction of 95%methanol extract of F.potentilla(MEE)was administered orally to the T2DM rats,and the level of glucose and expression of insulin,resistin,leptin,glucokinase(GK)and glucose-6-phosphatase(G-6-Pase)in the rats were measured and detected.[Results]In the T2DM rats administered with MEE,the postprandial blood glucose level decreased,the expression levels of resistin,leptin and G-6-Pase were down-regulated,and the expression levels of insulin and GK were up-regulated(P<0.05,P<0.01).[Conclusions]F.potentilla can reduce effectively postprandial blood glucose level,regulate the expression of a variety of enzymes and hormones related to glucose and lipid metabolism and recover partially the insulin level in T2DM rats to achieve resistance to T2DM.

氮、磷、钾肥对紫穗槐幼苗根叶化学计量特性的影响

探讨紫穗槐根和叶化学计量特性对养分的适应性,为豆科植物施肥和限制模式的研究提供依据,采用三因素(氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)),三水平(N1,N2,N3,P1,P2,P3,K1,K2,K3)的施肥处理,测定紫穗槐幼苗根和叶的碳(C)、氮、磷、钾含量,分析根和叶各元素之间的关系。结果表明,在P、K添加下,叶片比根系有更强的响应,根系对N添加有更强的反应。叶片和根N含量、根N/K和N/P随施氮水平的增加而显著增加,根P/K、叶P/K和根C/N显著降低。随着施磷量的增加,叶片N、P、K含量、根P含量、根N/K和P/K显著增加,叶N/K和叶N/P显著降低;根和叶K含量随施钾量的增加而显著增加,根N/K和P/K、叶N/K和P/K显著降低。叶P含量与根P含量、叶K含量与根K含量呈显著正相关,叶C、N含量与根C、N含量之间的关系不显著,而叶根N、P、K含量分别与相应的C/N、N/P和N/K呈显著负相关。叶和根的C/N之间的关系不显著,而叶的N/P、N/K和P/K之间的相关性显著。隶属函数分析结果表明,在紫穗槐C、N、P、K含量的累积方面,N2处理最佳。N的添加导致P对叶片和根的限制;P的添加导致N对叶片和根系的限制;K的添加并没有改变限制模式。研究结果可为紫穗槐的合理施肥和科学管理提供依据。

基于文献计量分析紫穗槐研究进展及趋势

以中国知网(CNKI)全文数据库为数据源,对2012—2021年发表的有关紫穗槐研究的文献进行检索,利用Excel软件和VOSviewer软件对载文量年度变化趋势、文献类型、研究团队、研究机构、研究高频词、单篇被引频次、文献研究方向等进行系统分析。结果显示,2012—2021年间中国知网(CNKI)数据库共收录618篇紫穗槐相关中文文献,其中林业类文献最多,为261篇(占比43.72%);全部文献中有193篇受基金项目支持,国家级基金项目为167篇(占比86.53%);发文数量最多的研究机构为西北农林科技大学,共发文57篇(占比25.68%);收录紫穗槐相关文献最多的期刊为《西北农林科技大学学报》,共计25篇。紫穗槐的生态与环境、造林与栽培养护、植物生理等方向是近年来的研究热点,我国在以上3个研究方向已经取得了较高水平的科研成果。虽然紫穗槐的文献数目自2014年后呈现下降趋势,但已经在2020年出现上升现象,说明紫穗槐的科研价值重新受到了学者们的关注。

广西两种新记录归化植物

该文报道广西两种新记录归化植物,分别为细柱西番莲(Passiflora suberosa)和紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)。目前,已在野外发现两种植物种群。两种植物均具有较强的结实和繁育能力,且种群正在壮大。该文还提供识别特征和彩色照片,以便对已归化种群进行动态监测。

紫穗槐屑代替木屑栽培香菇配方试验

以香菇0912为供试菌株,在培养料中以紫穗槐屑代替硬杂木屑进行栽培试验,通过比较菌丝生长速度、产量、生物学效率和子实体营养成分,筛选紫穗槐屑代替木屑的最优配比。结果表明:以木屑86%、麸皮13%、石膏1%为基础配方,紫穗槐屑添加量为43.0%和59.9%时,菌丝生长速度较快,分别为12.01和12.06 mm/d,生物学效率比对照高60%左右,差异达到极显著水平。添加了紫穗槐屑的处理,第2潮开始产量增加明显,而对照产量集中于第4、5潮。添加紫穗槐屑处理子实体中铅含量稍高,但是低于《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2022)限量标准。

叶面喷施ALA对几种苗木根系形态的影响

选择樟子松(Pinus sylvestrisvar.mongolica)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)和元宝枫(Acertruncatum)2 a生容器苗,在其生长期分别喷施200和400 mg.L-15-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)3次,以喷清水为对照,在苗木生长停止、落叶前调查生长量并采集根系,利用WinRhizo根系分析系统,比较分析不同质量浓度ALA对各树种幼苗根系的长度、表面积和体积等形态特征的影响。结果表明:喷施ALA溶液,对3树种苗木的苗高、地径和地上生物量有一定的促进作用。苗木的根系与对照相比,喷施400 mg.L-1ALA使樟子松苗木根系的总长度、总表面积和总体积分别提高了170.91%、798.83%和740.60%,而喷施200 mg.L-1ALA仅使樟子松苗木根系总表面积显著提高146.83%;喷施200 mg.L-1ALA使紫穗槐苗木根系的总长度、总表面积较对照增加了93.99%和66.45%,而400 mg.L-1ALA处理对紫穗槐苗木根系生长的促进作用不显著;喷施200和400 mg.L-1ALA也可提高元宝枫苗木根系的总长度、总表面积和总体积,但与对照差异不显著;另外,喷施ALA能够显著提高樟子松和紫穗槐苗木细根(2 mm以下)长度和表面积,但对元宝枫细根长度和表面积的提高作用不显著。可见,喷施ALA可改善3个树种苗木的根系结构;对樟子松和紫穗槐苗木根系生长的促进作用明显,而对元宝枫的促进作用不明显。

NaCl胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗叶绿素荧光特征的影响

通过温室培养方式研究了NaCl胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗PSII叶绿素荧光特征的影响。结果表明:高浓度处理和延长盐分处理时间都导致紫穗槐幼苗叶片最大潜在量子产量Fv/Fm、光响应曲线中初始斜率α与最大电子传递速率的下降,PSII活力的下降说明盐分胁迫,尤其是高浓度长时间的盐分处理已经破坏了紫穗槐叶片的光系统Ⅱ的结构,引起光合潜力下降。尽管有一定的耐盐性,但总体来说,紫穗槐幼苗对盐分胁迫还是比较敏感。

NaCl和Na_2SO_4对金露梅叶片胁迫效应

以不同浓度(0,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%)NaCl和Na2SO4溶液分别处理金露梅(Potentillafruticosa L.)2年生盆栽扦插苗,测定盐胁迫第7、13天后金露梅叶片的各项生理生化指标,为盐碱地区研究和开发具有耐盐性的野生花灌木提供参考依据。结果表明:在NaCl和Na2SO4胁迫下,随盐胁迫强度的增加和盐胁迫时间的延长,金露梅叶片的细胞膜透性,丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸含量均呈增加的趋势;可溶性蛋白含量随盐浓度的增加呈先增后降的趋势,随盐处理时间延长而有所下降。Na2SO4对金露梅的盐害超过NaCl的盐害。

不同容器类型和基质对紫穗槐生长的影响

为提高紫穗槐容器育苗技术,采用随机区组试验设计,通过交互效应和简单效应分析,研究不同育苗容器和基质对紫穗槐幼苗生长的影响,以便选择适宜的育苗容器和育苗基质。结果表明:容器类型和基质均对紫穗槐幼苗生长有显著影响,两者的交互效应也有一定影响。主效应表明,塑料营养杯容器更能促进紫穗槐苗高、地径、茎干质量、根干质量、主根长、根总长、根平均直径、根表面积、根体积及根系径级等指标生长;黄心土+草炭土混合基质明显优于单一黄心土基质,更能有效保证苗木地上和地下部分的生长。基质和容器类型对紫穗槐的交互效应主要表现在地径、茎干质量、根干质量及大径级根系生长方面。因此,塑料营养杯容器和黄心土+草炭土混合基质的组合更有利于促进紫穗槐苗木生长。

外源激素处理对紫穗槐种子萌发和幼苗成活的影响

为了探讨激素种类和浓度对紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.)种子萌发及其成活率的影响,探究了不同浓度赤霉素(GA_(3))、萘乙酸(NAA)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)对紫穗槐种子萌发过程及其后续移栽成活率的影响。通过测定种子萌发的发芽率、发芽势、根长和幼苗移栽成活率等指标,旨在了解不同激素和浓度处理对紫穗槐种子在萌发和生长初期阶段的影响。结果表明:紫穗槐种子萌发和生长明显受不同外源激素的影响。与NAA和IAA处理相比,200 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)处理的紫穗槐种子萌发特性较好,发芽时间、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、根长均最高,且在移栽实验中具有最高的存活率88.8%。IAA处理不仅推迟了发芽时间还降低了发芽率、发芽势和根长等,且其处理的种植移栽后存活率为0%。这说明相较于NAA和IAA,紫穗槐种子更适宜用GA_(3)处理,在生产实践中可以选择GA_(3)作为培育种子处理措施。

不同树种混交对杨树生长的影响

为寻找对白毛杨生长有利的混交模式,选择榆树、刨刺槐和紫穗槐3中树种与白毛杨进行了3 a的混交实验,分析不同混交模式对白毛杨生长的影响。结果表明,白毛杨与紫穗槐混交的模式下,白毛杨的树高、胸径、单株材积和蓄积量均达到了最大值,分别为16.67 m、14.03 cm、0.116 m^(3)/株和140.01 m^(3)/hm^(2),显著高于白毛杨与榆树、白毛杨与刺槐混交模式。因此,造林时建议选择紫穗槐作为白毛杨的混交树种。这一研究结果可为杨树混交造林提供有益的参考。

基于midas GTS/NX的紫穗槐灌木根系生态护坡固土效应研究

基于广西省百色项目工程实际,通过midas GTS/NX软件对紫穗槐灌木幼期根系边坡(加筋边坡)与成年期根系边坡(锚固边坡)分别进行自然工况与连续降雨3 d工况(暴雨等级300 mm/d)的数值模拟,并利用有限元强度折减系数法求得边坡安全稳定性系数,对照裸露边坡比较分析2类根系边坡的护坡效应。研究表明,紫穗槐灌木根系不仅可以改善边坡浅层土体的应力与应变场,而且还可以提高土体的力学参数,并且在强降雨工况下使得边坡的安全稳定性得到增强。

NaCl胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

为进一步探讨紫穗槐幼苗对NaCl胁迫的适应机制,选取1年生紫穗槐幼苗为供试材料,采用盆栽灌浇盐水控制土壤盐含量的方法进行胁迫处理,设计NaCl含量分别达到土壤干重的0.1%、0.3%、0.5%、0.7%4个梯度,以不作任何处理作为对照(CK),研究不同浓度NaCl胁迫下紫穗槐幼苗的生长与生理指标变化。结果表明,随着土壤盐浓度的增加,紫穗槐幼苗的株高生长量、分枝长度生长量、基径生长量及叶片相对含水量均呈下降趋势,紫穗槐幼苗叶片的叶绿素含量、抗逆性酶活性及可溶性蛋白质含量呈先上升后下降的趋势。0.1%土壤盐浓度下叶绿素含量出现峰值,SOD活性及可溶性蛋白质含量在0.3%土壤盐浓度下出现峰值,POD活性在0.5%土壤盐浓度下出现峰值。总体上,紫穗槐幼苗可以适应0.1%~0.3%的NaCl胁迫,表现出一定的耐盐性。

紫穗槐幼苗根系形态对NaCl盐胁迫的响应

[目的]探究紫穗槐幼苗根系形态对NaCl盐胁迫的适应特征,为盐渍化地区植被优化及恢复提供理论依据。[方法]以1 a生紫穗槐幼苗为试材,分析紫穗槐幼苗株高、基径和根长、表面积、体积、根尖数等重要的根系形态特征指标。[结果]随着盐浓度的增加,紫穗槐幼苗株高、基径和总根、中根各构型指标均呈现先升高后下降的趋势;盐浓度为0.3%时,除细根体积外,各指标达到最大值,且均表现显著促进作用(p<0.05);盐浓度达到0.9%时,各指标受到了显著抑制(p<0.05)。[结论]当盐浓度为0.3%时,对紫穗槐根系生长有促进作用;当盐浓度达到0.9%时,其生长明显受到抑制。