研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖...研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDAR)对阳性克隆进行分型,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ双酶切各60个阳性克隆,选取不同ARDAR型的阳性克隆测序,并进行生物学分析。结果显示:引物Bd、Bac的16S r DNA扩增产物分别分离获得3个和2个差异性序列,各属于一个类群,分属于蛭弧菌属(Bdellovibrio)和噬菌弧菌属(Bacteriovorax)。这些序列与数据库中相应菌株序列的最大相似性均为95.0%,这5个序列的菌株可能为潜在的新种。展开更多
Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill e...Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria (40.98%) replaced Epsilonproteobacteria (51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria (38.80%) became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater (32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample (16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.展开更多
【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段...【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDRA)方法,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ,双酶切各60个目的基因的单克隆,选不同条带克隆进行测序并对测序结果的多重序列分析比对。【结果】确定两对引物分别存在8和9种碱基差异序列,均属于噬菌弧菌属,分属于3个类群中。类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ为优势类群,且均为已知类群,类群Ⅲ为潜在的新类群;Per1(KP214541)和Bac44(KP214551)代表菌株分别为优势种。【结论】刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌具有较高的多样性,包括已知类型和未知类型的蛭弧菌;可进一步进行蛭弧菌的分离、培养,用于刺参养殖中病害防治研究。展开更多
The Great Rann of Kachchh,a vast expanse of salt desert in Western India is a unique hostile ecosystem posing an extreme environment to life forms due to high salt content,hyper-arid climate,seasonal water logging and...The Great Rann of Kachchh,a vast expanse of salt desert in Western India is a unique hostile ecosystem posing an extreme environment to life forms due to high salt content,hyper-arid climate,seasonal water logging and extremes of temperature.In the virtual absence of natural vegetation,soils and sediments of Rann of Kachchh are microbially dominated ecosystems.In the present study microbial activity and the diversity of cultivated heterotrophic bacteria were investigated in the sediments collected along a 5-m exposed section at Khadir Island in the Great Rann of Kachchh.Microbial activity(as an index of sediment enzymes)was found to be high in the middle of the section(200-280 cm).Dehydrogenase(DHA),substrate-induced DHA and alkaline phosphatase activities revealed the oligotrophic nature of the basal portion(320-480 cm).Abundant bacterial isolates obtained from different depths were found to be clustered in 12 different phylogenetic groups by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis.16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the dominant bacterial ribotypes to be affiliated to Firmicutes(Families Bacillaceae and Staphylococcaceae)and Actinobacteria(Family Brevibacteriaceae)with minor contribution of Proteobacteria(Families Phyllobacteriaceae and Bartonellaceae),pointing their endurance and adaptability to environmental stresses.Statistical analysis indicated that sediment organic carbon,salinity,total available nitrogen and total available phosphorous are most likely critical determinants of microbial activity in the Khadir Island sediments.展开更多
文摘研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDAR)对阳性克隆进行分型,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ双酶切各60个阳性克隆,选取不同ARDAR型的阳性克隆测序,并进行生物学分析。结果显示:引物Bd、Bac的16S r DNA扩增产物分别分离获得3个和2个差异性序列,各属于一个类群,分属于蛭弧菌属(Bdellovibrio)和噬菌弧菌属(Bacteriovorax)。这些序列与数据库中相应菌株序列的最大相似性均为95.0%,这5个序列的菌株可能为潜在的新种。
基金Supported by the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences(No.U1606404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201562018)the Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Marine Spill Oil Identification and Damage Assessment Technology(No.201108)
文摘Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria (40.98%) replaced Epsilonproteobacteria (51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria (38.80%) became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater (32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample (16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.
文摘【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDRA)方法,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ,双酶切各60个目的基因的单克隆,选不同条带克隆进行测序并对测序结果的多重序列分析比对。【结果】确定两对引物分别存在8和9种碱基差异序列,均属于噬菌弧菌属,分属于3个类群中。类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ为优势类群,且均为已知类群,类群Ⅲ为潜在的新类群;Per1(KP214541)和Bac44(KP214551)代表菌株分别为优势种。【结论】刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌具有较高的多样性,包括已知类型和未知类型的蛭弧菌;可进一步进行蛭弧菌的分离、培养,用于刺参养殖中病害防治研究。
基金Supported by the Department of Science and Technology(DST),Government of India(Nos.SR/S4/ES-21/Baroda Window/P3 andSR/S4/ES-21/Kachchh Window/P1)
文摘The Great Rann of Kachchh,a vast expanse of salt desert in Western India is a unique hostile ecosystem posing an extreme environment to life forms due to high salt content,hyper-arid climate,seasonal water logging and extremes of temperature.In the virtual absence of natural vegetation,soils and sediments of Rann of Kachchh are microbially dominated ecosystems.In the present study microbial activity and the diversity of cultivated heterotrophic bacteria were investigated in the sediments collected along a 5-m exposed section at Khadir Island in the Great Rann of Kachchh.Microbial activity(as an index of sediment enzymes)was found to be high in the middle of the section(200-280 cm).Dehydrogenase(DHA),substrate-induced DHA and alkaline phosphatase activities revealed the oligotrophic nature of the basal portion(320-480 cm).Abundant bacterial isolates obtained from different depths were found to be clustered in 12 different phylogenetic groups by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis.16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the dominant bacterial ribotypes to be affiliated to Firmicutes(Families Bacillaceae and Staphylococcaceae)and Actinobacteria(Family Brevibacteriaceae)with minor contribution of Proteobacteria(Families Phyllobacteriaceae and Bartonellaceae),pointing their endurance and adaptability to environmental stresses.Statistical analysis indicated that sediment organic carbon,salinity,total available nitrogen and total available phosphorous are most likely critical determinants of microbial activity in the Khadir Island sediments.
