In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ...In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ISAC, we propose a design scheme based on spectrum sharing, that is,to maximize the mutual information(MI) of radar sensing while ensuring certain communication rate and transmission power constraints. In the proposed scheme, three cases are considered for the scattering off the target due to the communication signals,as negligible signal, beneficial signal, and interference signal to radar sensing, respectively, thus requiring three power allocation schemes. However,the corresponding power allocation schemes are nonconvex and their closed-form solutions are unavailable as a consequence. Motivated by this, alternating optimization(AO), sequence convex programming(SCP) and Lagrange multiplier are individually combined for three suboptimal solutions corresponding with three power allocation schemes. By combining the three algorithms, we transform the non-convex problem which is difficult to deal with into a convex problem which is easy to solve and obtain the suboptimal solution of the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical results show that, compared with the allocation results of the existing algorithms, the proposed joint design algorithm significantly improves the radar performance.展开更多
Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the...Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the research and applications of natural language processing across different modalities,our goal is to accurately extract frame-level semantic information from videos and ultimately transmit high-quality videos.Specifically,we propose a deep learning-basedMulti-ModalMutual Enhancement Video Semantic Communication system,called M3E-VSC.Built upon a VectorQuantized Generative AdversarialNetwork(VQGAN),our systemaims to leverage mutual enhancement among different modalities by using text as the main carrier of transmission.With it,the semantic information can be extracted fromkey-frame images and audio of the video and performdifferential value to ensure that the extracted text conveys accurate semantic information with fewer bits,thus improving the capacity of the system.Furthermore,a multi-frame semantic detection module is designed to facilitate semantic transitions during video generation.Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model maintains high robustness in complex noise environments,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions,significantly improving the accuracy and speed of semantic transmission in video communication by approximately 50 percent.展开更多
CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity betw...CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity between peoples holds the key to sound state-to-state relations.”This is often cited by President Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of exchanges and mutual learning of civilizations in the development of international relations.展开更多
Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understan...Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understand the different views of different civilizations on the connotation of values.The ancient Silk Road has opened a new window of friendship between countries and written a new chapter in the development of mankind.展开更多
Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win coope...Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win cooperation,and equal assistance,China and Malaysia have become good neighbors,good friends,and good partners.In 2013,China and Malaysia established a comprehensive strategic partnership,accelerating the development of bilateral relations.展开更多
Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the ...Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the antenna number.However,recent studies suggest that the DOF could be less than the antenna number when strong mutual coupling is considered.We utilize a mutual-coupling-compliant channel model to investigate the DOF of the holographic MIMO(HMIMO)channel and give a upper bound of the DOF with strong mutual coupling.Our numerical simulations demonstrate that a dense array can support more DOF per unit aperture as compared with a half-wavelength MIMO system.展开更多
Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector...Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector,which is bringing tangible benefits to both sides.展开更多
In the Book The Call of the Wild,Buck experiences numerous ups and downs in his life.He changes from a tamed dog to a most powerful and persevered leader of wolves in the primitive forest.He finally answers the call o...In the Book The Call of the Wild,Buck experiences numerous ups and downs in his life.He changes from a tamed dog to a most powerful and persevered leader of wolves in the primitive forest.He finally answers the call of his ancestor and the call of nature,returning to the place where he is destined to be.The naturalism as well as symbolism is heated discussed in this book to date.However,the study on the rebirth of Buck from the perspective of mutualism still remains a relative blank area.This article further analyzes the rebirth with the analyzing method of mutualism and the concrete context.The repetitive breakage and establish⁃ment of various mutual relationships for Buck gradually reshape some of his features and wakes up something inherited,deep root⁃ed but once hidden in his soul.These features eventually pushes him to reach the peak of his life—the life he is meant to be and in which he becomes a true warrior.展开更多
Mutualisms are cooperative interactions between members of different species. We focus on obligate mutualism, where each species cannot survive without the other. From a theoretical aspect, obligate mutualism is simil...Mutualisms are cooperative interactions between members of different species. We focus on obligate mutualism, where each species cannot survive without the other. From a theoretical aspect, obligate mutualism is similar to the relationship between male and female. Empirical data indicate a sex-ratio selection: male and female have a specific ratio in their population sizes. In the present paper, we apply lattice model to obligate mutualism between two species, and present a theory of “ratio selection” which is a generalization of sex-ratio selection. Computer simulations are carried out by two methods: local and global interactions. In the former, interactions occur between neighbouring cells, while in the latter they occur between any pair of cells. Simulations in both interactions show the so-called Allee effect: both species can survive, when both densities are large in some extent. However, we find a large difference between local and global simulations. In the case of local interaction, restriction for survival is found to be extremely severe compared to global interaction. Both species require a proper ratio for their sustainability. This result leads to the theory of ratio selection: when interaction occurs locally, the ratio of both species is uniquely determined. We discuss that the ratio selection explains not only the evolution of endosymbionts from free-living ancestors but also the evolution from endosymbionts to organelles.展开更多
Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which l...Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which limits its ability to perform effective aggregation.This research aims to enable AP to automatically aggregate to produce fewer and more compact clusters,without changing the similarity matrix or customizing preference parameters,as done in existing enhanced approaches.An automatic aggregation enhanced affinity propagation(AAEAP)clustering algorithm is proposed,which combines a dependable partitioning clustering approach with AP to achieve this purpose.The partitioning clustering approach generates an additional set of findings with an equivalent number of clusters whenever the clustering stabilizes and the exemplars emerge.Based on these findings,mutually exclusive exemplar detection was conducted on the current AP exemplars,and a pair of unsuitable exemplars for coexistence is recommended.The recommendation is then mapped as a novel constraint,designated mutual exclusion and aggregation.To address this limitation,a modified AP clustering model is derived and the clustering is restarted,which can result in exemplar number reduction,exemplar selection adjustment,and other data point redistribution.The clustering is ultimately completed and a smaller number of clusters are obtained by repeatedly performing automatic detection and clustering until no mutually exclusive exemplars are detected.Some standard classification data sets are adopted for experiments on AAEAP and other clustering algorithms for comparison,and many internal and external clustering evaluation indexes are used to measure the clustering performance.The findings demonstrate that the AAEAP clustering algorithm demonstrates a substantial automatic aggregation impact while maintaining good clustering quality.展开更多
A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged...A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged rotationally to achieve the orthogonal polarization for improving the MIMO system performance.The antenna has a wideband impedance bandwidth of 7.5GHz with S11<−10 dB from(103.44%)3.5–11GHz and inter-element isolation higher than 20 dB.Antenna validation is carried out by verifying the simulated and measured results after fabricating the antenna.The results in the form of omnidirectional radiation patterns,peak gain(≥4 dBi),and Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)(≤0.01)are extracted to validate the suggested antenna performance.Aswell,time-domain analysis was investigated to demonstrate the operation of the suggested antenna in wideband applications.Finally,the simulated and experimental outcomes have almost similar tendenciesmaking the antenna suitable for its use in UWBMIMOapplications.展开更多
Distinguished guests,Ladies and gentlemen,Friends,I'm delighted to join representatives of various countries in Beijing for the Third Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations and the First Wor...Distinguished guests,Ladies and gentlemen,Friends,I'm delighted to join representatives of various countries in Beijing for the Third Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations and the First World Conference of Sinologists.President Xi Jinping highly values exchanges and mutual understanding amongcivilisations.展开更多
Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecologicalimprovement.Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show...Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecologicalimprovement.Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show,via theoretical analysis and direct simulation,that noise correlation can induce a synchronization of the mutualists.Thetime series of mutual species exhibit a chaotic-like fluctuation,which is independent of the noise correlation,however,the chaotic fluctuation of mutual species ratio decreases with the noise correlation.A quantitative parameter defined forcharacterizing chaotic fluctuation provides a good approach to measure when the complete synchronization happens.展开更多
The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^...The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^(3) e V/u.Total and state-selective cross sections have been investigated and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data,and the state-selective rate coefficients for the temperature range of 100-10000 K have been obtained.In the present work,all the necessary highly excited states are included,and the influences of rotational couplings and 10 active electrons are considered.It is found that in the energy below 10 e V/u,the Na(4s)state is the most dominant exit state with a contribution of approximately 78%to the branch fraction,which is in best agreement with the experimental data.For energies above 10 e V/u,the MN total cross section is larger than those obtained in other theoretical calculations and shows a slow decreasing trend because the main exit states change,when the energy is above 100 e V/u,the dominant exit state becomes the Na(3p)state,while the Na(4s)state becomes the third most important exit state.The datasets presented in this paper,including the potential energy curve,the radial and rotational couplings,the total and state-selective cross sections,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00112.展开更多
A model walks the runway during the"Prince Kung's'Palace Fashion Show"as part of Paris Fashion Week,illustrating the oriental aesthetics,on September 27,2023 in Paris,France.At a recent national meet...A model walks the runway during the"Prince Kung's'Palace Fashion Show"as part of Paris Fashion Week,illustrating the oriental aesthetics,on September 27,2023 in Paris,France.At a recent national meeting in Beijing on work related to public communication and culture,Chinese President Xi Jinping once again attached great value to promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,and Xi Jinpingought on Culture was put forward for therst time.展开更多
China and Italy are both cultural powers with a long history and splendid civilization.As the starting point and ending point of the Silk Road respectively,both countries have rich historical and cultural heritage,con...China and Italy are both cultural powers with a long history and splendid civilization.As the starting point and ending point of the Silk Road respectively,both countries have rich historical and cultural heritage,contributing to the exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations along the Silk Road.展开更多
HUMANITY has a history of civilization dating back millennia.While civilizations arose and developed on dierent conti-nents and at dierent times,they pros-pered and innovated through mutual exchanges and mutual learni...HUMANITY has a history of civilization dating back millennia.While civilizations arose and developed on dierent conti-nents and at dierent times,they pros-pered and innovated through mutual exchanges and mutual learning.e ancient Silk Road,which began in China,is one of the greatest examples of this。展开更多
文摘In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ISAC, we propose a design scheme based on spectrum sharing, that is,to maximize the mutual information(MI) of radar sensing while ensuring certain communication rate and transmission power constraints. In the proposed scheme, three cases are considered for the scattering off the target due to the communication signals,as negligible signal, beneficial signal, and interference signal to radar sensing, respectively, thus requiring three power allocation schemes. However,the corresponding power allocation schemes are nonconvex and their closed-form solutions are unavailable as a consequence. Motivated by this, alternating optimization(AO), sequence convex programming(SCP) and Lagrange multiplier are individually combined for three suboptimal solutions corresponding with three power allocation schemes. By combining the three algorithms, we transform the non-convex problem which is difficult to deal with into a convex problem which is easy to solve and obtain the suboptimal solution of the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical results show that, compared with the allocation results of the existing algorithms, the proposed joint design algorithm significantly improves the radar performance.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project under Grant 2020YFB1807602Key Program of Marine Economy Development Special Foundation of Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(GDNRC[2023]24)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62271267.
文摘Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the research and applications of natural language processing across different modalities,our goal is to accurately extract frame-level semantic information from videos and ultimately transmit high-quality videos.Specifically,we propose a deep learning-basedMulti-ModalMutual Enhancement Video Semantic Communication system,called M3E-VSC.Built upon a VectorQuantized Generative AdversarialNetwork(VQGAN),our systemaims to leverage mutual enhancement among different modalities by using text as the main carrier of transmission.With it,the semantic information can be extracted fromkey-frame images and audio of the video and performdifferential value to ensure that the extracted text conveys accurate semantic information with fewer bits,thus improving the capacity of the system.Furthermore,a multi-frame semantic detection module is designed to facilitate semantic transitions during video generation.Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model maintains high robustness in complex noise environments,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions,significantly improving the accuracy and speed of semantic transmission in video communication by approximately 50 percent.
文摘CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity between peoples holds the key to sound state-to-state relations.”This is often cited by President Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of exchanges and mutual learning of civilizations in the development of international relations.
文摘Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understand the different views of different civilizations on the connotation of values.The ancient Silk Road has opened a new window of friendship between countries and written a new chapter in the development of mankind.
文摘Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win cooperation,and equal assistance,China and Malaysia have become good neighbors,good friends,and good partners.In 2013,China and Malaysia established a comprehensive strategic partnership,accelerating the development of bilateral relations.
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Develop⁃ment Program of China under Grant No.2020YFB1807600.
文摘Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the antenna number.However,recent studies suggest that the DOF could be less than the antenna number when strong mutual coupling is considered.We utilize a mutual-coupling-compliant channel model to investigate the DOF of the holographic MIMO(HMIMO)channel and give a upper bound of the DOF with strong mutual coupling.Our numerical simulations demonstrate that a dense array can support more DOF per unit aperture as compared with a half-wavelength MIMO system.
文摘Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector,which is bringing tangible benefits to both sides.
文摘In the Book The Call of the Wild,Buck experiences numerous ups and downs in his life.He changes from a tamed dog to a most powerful and persevered leader of wolves in the primitive forest.He finally answers the call of his ancestor and the call of nature,returning to the place where he is destined to be.The naturalism as well as symbolism is heated discussed in this book to date.However,the study on the rebirth of Buck from the perspective of mutualism still remains a relative blank area.This article further analyzes the rebirth with the analyzing method of mutualism and the concrete context.The repetitive breakage and establish⁃ment of various mutual relationships for Buck gradually reshape some of his features and wakes up something inherited,deep root⁃ed but once hidden in his soul.These features eventually pushes him to reach the peak of his life—the life he is meant to be and in which he becomes a true warrior.
文摘Mutualisms are cooperative interactions between members of different species. We focus on obligate mutualism, where each species cannot survive without the other. From a theoretical aspect, obligate mutualism is similar to the relationship between male and female. Empirical data indicate a sex-ratio selection: male and female have a specific ratio in their population sizes. In the present paper, we apply lattice model to obligate mutualism between two species, and present a theory of “ratio selection” which is a generalization of sex-ratio selection. Computer simulations are carried out by two methods: local and global interactions. In the former, interactions occur between neighbouring cells, while in the latter they occur between any pair of cells. Simulations in both interactions show the so-called Allee effect: both species can survive, when both densities are large in some extent. However, we find a large difference between local and global simulations. In the case of local interaction, restriction for survival is found to be extremely severe compared to global interaction. Both species require a proper ratio for their sustainability. This result leads to the theory of ratio selection: when interaction occurs locally, the ratio of both species is uniquely determined. We discuss that the ratio selection explains not only the evolution of endosymbionts from free-living ancestors but also the evolution from endosymbionts to organelles.
基金supported by Research Team Development Funds of L.Xue and Z.H.Ouyang,Electronic Countermeasure Institute,National University of Defense Technology。
文摘Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which limits its ability to perform effective aggregation.This research aims to enable AP to automatically aggregate to produce fewer and more compact clusters,without changing the similarity matrix or customizing preference parameters,as done in existing enhanced approaches.An automatic aggregation enhanced affinity propagation(AAEAP)clustering algorithm is proposed,which combines a dependable partitioning clustering approach with AP to achieve this purpose.The partitioning clustering approach generates an additional set of findings with an equivalent number of clusters whenever the clustering stabilizes and the exemplars emerge.Based on these findings,mutually exclusive exemplar detection was conducted on the current AP exemplars,and a pair of unsuitable exemplars for coexistence is recommended.The recommendation is then mapped as a novel constraint,designated mutual exclusion and aggregation.To address this limitation,a modified AP clustering model is derived and the clustering is restarted,which can result in exemplar number reduction,exemplar selection adjustment,and other data point redistribution.The clustering is ultimately completed and a smaller number of clusters are obtained by repeatedly performing automatic detection and clustering until no mutually exclusive exemplars are detected.Some standard classification data sets are adopted for experiments on AAEAP and other clustering algorithms for comparison,and many internal and external clustering evaluation indexes are used to measure the clustering performance.The findings demonstrate that the AAEAP clustering algorithm demonstrates a substantial automatic aggregation impact while maintaining good clustering quality.
文摘A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged rotationally to achieve the orthogonal polarization for improving the MIMO system performance.The antenna has a wideband impedance bandwidth of 7.5GHz with S11<−10 dB from(103.44%)3.5–11GHz and inter-element isolation higher than 20 dB.Antenna validation is carried out by verifying the simulated and measured results after fabricating the antenna.The results in the form of omnidirectional radiation patterns,peak gain(≥4 dBi),and Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)(≤0.01)are extracted to validate the suggested antenna performance.Aswell,time-domain analysis was investigated to demonstrate the operation of the suggested antenna in wideband applications.Finally,the simulated and experimental outcomes have almost similar tendenciesmaking the antenna suitable for its use in UWBMIMOapplications.
文摘Distinguished guests,Ladies and gentlemen,Friends,I'm delighted to join representatives of various countries in Beijing for the Third Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations and the First World Conference of Sinologists.President Xi Jinping highly values exchanges and mutual understanding amongcivilisations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60471023
文摘Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecologicalimprovement.Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show,via theoretical analysis and direct simulation,that noise correlation can induce a synchronization of the mutualists.Thetime series of mutual species exhibit a chaotic-like fluctuation,which is independent of the noise correlation,however,the chaotic fluctuation of mutual species ratio decreases with the noise correlation.A quantitative parameter defined forcharacterizing chaotic fluctuation provides a good approach to measure when the complete synchronization happens.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204288,11934004,and 12203106)。
文摘The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^(3) e V/u.Total and state-selective cross sections have been investigated and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data,and the state-selective rate coefficients for the temperature range of 100-10000 K have been obtained.In the present work,all the necessary highly excited states are included,and the influences of rotational couplings and 10 active electrons are considered.It is found that in the energy below 10 e V/u,the Na(4s)state is the most dominant exit state with a contribution of approximately 78%to the branch fraction,which is in best agreement with the experimental data.For energies above 10 e V/u,the MN total cross section is larger than those obtained in other theoretical calculations and shows a slow decreasing trend because the main exit states change,when the energy is above 100 e V/u,the dominant exit state becomes the Na(3p)state,while the Na(4s)state becomes the third most important exit state.The datasets presented in this paper,including the potential energy curve,the radial and rotational couplings,the total and state-selective cross sections,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00112.
文摘A model walks the runway during the"Prince Kung's'Palace Fashion Show"as part of Paris Fashion Week,illustrating the oriental aesthetics,on September 27,2023 in Paris,France.At a recent national meeting in Beijing on work related to public communication and culture,Chinese President Xi Jinping once again attached great value to promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,and Xi Jinpingought on Culture was put forward for therst time.
文摘China and Italy are both cultural powers with a long history and splendid civilization.As the starting point and ending point of the Silk Road respectively,both countries have rich historical and cultural heritage,contributing to the exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations along the Silk Road.
文摘HUMANITY has a history of civilization dating back millennia.While civilizations arose and developed on dierent conti-nents and at dierent times,they pros-pered and innovated through mutual exchanges and mutual learning.e ancient Silk Road,which began in China,is one of the greatest examples of this。