The influence of coupling mode of methane leakage and debris input on anaerobic oxidation of methane

Anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) is an important biogeochemical process, which has important scientific significance for global climate change and atmospheric evolution. This research examined the δ^(34)S, terrigenous clastic indices of TiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3), and times for formation of the Ba front at site SH1, site SH3 and site 973-4 in the South China Sea. Three different coupling mechanisms of deposition rate and methane flux were discovered. The different coupling mechanisms had different effects on the role of AOM. At site 973-4, a high deposition rate caused a rapid vertical downward migration of the sulphate–methane transition zone(SMTZ), and the higher input resulted in mineral dissolution. At site SH3, the deposition rate and methane flux were basically in balance,so the SMTZ and paleo-SMTZ were the most stable of any site, and these were in a slow process of migration. At site SH1, the methane flux dominated the coupled mode, so the movement of the SMTZ at site SH1 was consistent with the general understanding. Understanding the factors influencing the SMTZ is important for understanding the early diagenesis process.

Interactions of Microplastics and Methane Seepage in the Deep-Sea Environment

Microplastics(MPs)are important exempla of the Anthropocene and are exerting an increasing impact on Earth’s carbon cycle.The huge imbalance between the MPs floating on the marine surface and those that are estimated to have been introduced into the ocean necessitates a detailed assessment of marine MP sinks.Here,we demonstrate that cold seep sediments,which are characterized by methane fluid seepage and a chemosynthetic ecosystem,effectively capture and accommodate small-scale(<100μm)MPs,with 16 types of MPs being detected.The abundance of MPs in the surface of the sediment is higher in methane-seepage locations than in non-seepage areas.Methane seepage is beneficial to the accumulation,fragmentation,increased diversity,and aging of MPs.In turn,the rough surfaces of MPs contribute to the sequestration of the electron acceptor ferric oxide,which is associated with the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).The efficiency of the AOM determines whether the seeping methane(which has a greenhouse effect 83 times greater than that of CO_(2)over a 20-year period)can enter the atmosphere,which is important to the global methane cycle,since the deep-sea environment is regarded as the largest methane reservoir associated with natural gas hydrates.

Nitrous Oxide and Methane Emissions as Affected by Water,Soil and Nitrogen

Specific management of water regimes, soil and N in China might play an important role in regulating N2O and CH4 emissions in rice fields. Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from alternate non-flooded/flooded paddies were monitored simultaneously during a 516-day incubation with lysimeter experiments. Two N sources (15N-(NH4)2SO4 and 15N-labeled milk vetch) were applied to two contrasting paddies: one derived from Xiashu loess (Loess) and one from Quaternary red clay (Clay). Both N2O and CH4 emissions were significantly higher in soil Clay than in soil Loess during the flooded period. For both soil, N2O emissions peaked at the transition periods shortly after the beginning of the flooded and non-flooded seasons. Soil type affected N2O emission patterns. In soil Clay, the emission peak during the transition period from non-flooded to flooded conditions was much higher than the peak during the transition period from flooded to non-flooded conditions. In soil Loess, the emission peak during the transition period from flooded to non-flooded conditions was obviously higher than the peak during the transition period from non-flooded to flooded conditions except for milk vetch treatment. Soil type also had a significant effect on CH4 emissions during the flooded season, over which the weighted average flux was 111 mg C m-2 h-1 and 2.2 mg C m-2 h-1 from Clay and Loess, respectively. Results indicated that it was the transition in the water regime that dominated N2O emissions while it was the soil type that dominated CH4 emissions during the flooded season. Anaerobic oxidation of methane possibly existed in soil Loess during the flooded season.

微藻阴极AOM-MFC原位固碳性能及影响因素研究

针对甲烷厌氧氧化微生物燃料电池(anaerobic oxidation of methane-microbial fuel cells,AOM-MFC)阳极终产物多为二氧化碳(CO_(2))的问题,将微藻阴极引入AOM-MFC进行原位固碳。研究结果表明:当接种量为25%(体积分数)、接种龄为24 h、光照强度为8000 lx、光照周期为12 h并以阳极出水作为反应器的阴极液时,微藻阴极反应器获得最大峰值电压((0.385±0.001)V)和最大生物量微藻质量浓度((576.33±1.53)mg/L);微藻阴极反应器的原位固碳过程由3部分组成,即阳极微生物利用甲烷(CH_(4))产生以CO_(2)为主的代谢物和电子、阴极内微藻捕获并固定CO_(2)产生氧气(O_(2))、产生的O_(2)与质子和外电路传递到阴极的电子结合生成水;微藻阴极反应器具有一定的废水处理能力,并且能够将CH4中蕴含的化学能转化为电能和生物质能,有助于实现CH_(4)高效转化过程中“零碳排放”。

Metal-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation in marine sediment:insights from marine settings and other systems

Anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) plays a crucial role in controlling global methane emission. This is a microbial process that relies on the reduction of external electron acceptors such as sulfate, nitrate/nitrite, and transient metal ions. In marine settings, the dominant electron acceptor for AOM is sulfate, while other known electron acceptors are transient metal ions such as iron and manganese oxides. Despite the AOM process coupled with sulfate reduction being relatively well characterized,researches on metal-dependent AOM process are few, and no microorganism has to date been identified as being responsible for this reaction in natural marine environments. In this review, geochemical evidences of metal-dependent AOM from sediment cores in various marine environments are summarized. Studies have showed that iron and manganese are reduced in accordance with methane oxidation in seeps or diffusive profiles below the methanogenesis zone. The potential biochemical basis and mechanisms for metal-dependent AOM processes are here presented and discussed. Future research will shed light on the microbes involved in this process and also on the molecular basis of the electron transfer between these microbes and metals in natural marine environments.

Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulfate reduction: Consortium characteristics and application in co-removal of H_2S and methane

Anaerobic sludge from a sewage treatment plant was used to acclimatize microbial colonies capable of anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) coupled to sulfate reduction. Clone libraries and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to investigate the microbial population.Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)(e.g., Desulfotomaculum arcticum and Desulfobulbus propionicus)and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea(ANME)(e.g., Methanosaeta sp. and Methanolinea sp.)coexisted in the enrichment. The archaeal and bacterial cells were randomly or evenly distributed throughout the consortia. Accompanied by sulfate reduction, methane was oxidized anaerobically by the consortia of methane-oxidizing archaea and SRB. Moreover, CH_4 and SO_4^(2-) were consumed by methanotrophs and sulfate reducers with CO_2 and H_2S as products. The H_3CSH produced by methanotrophy was an intermediate product during the process. The methanotrophic enrichment was inoculated in a down-flow biofilter for the treatment of methane and H_2S from a landfill site. On average, 93.33% of H_2S and 10.71% of methane was successfully reduced in the biofilter. This study tries to provide effective method for the synergistic treatment of waste gas containing sulfur compounds and CH_4.

New molecular method to detect denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation bacteria from different environmental niches

The denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation is an ecologically important process for reducing the potential methane emission into the atmosphere.The responsible bacterium for this process was Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera belonging to the bacterial phylum of NC10.In this study,a new pair of primers targeting all the five groups of NC10 bacteria was designed to amplify NC10 bacteria from different environmental niches.The results showed that the group A was the dominant NC10 phylum bacteria from the sludges and food waste digestate while in paddy soil samples,group A and group B had nearly the same proportion.Our results also indicated that NC10 bacteria could exist in a high p H environment（pH 9.24）from the food waste treatment facility.The Pearson relationship analysis showed that the p H had a significant positive relationship with the NC10 bacterial diversity（p0.05）.The redundancy analysis further revealed that the p H,volatile solid and nitrite nitrogen were the most important factors in shaping the NC10 bacterial structure（p=0.01）based on the variation inflation factors selection and Monte Carlo test（999 times）.Results of this study extended the existing molecular tools for studying the NC10 bacterial community structures and provided new information on the ecological distributions of NC10 bacteria.

Effects of Different States of Fe on Anaerobic Digestion:A Review

Anaerobic digestion is widely used in the treatment of industrial wastewater,excess activated sludge,municipal waste,crop straw and livestock manure,with the functions of environmental protection and energy recovery. This review summarizes and evaluates the present knowledge of effects of different states of Fe( ZVI,Fe( II),Fe( III)) on hydrogen and methane production in anaerobic digestion process. The potential promotion effects of iron oxides nanoparticles( IONPs),especially magnetite nanoparticles on anaerobic digestion are also mentioned. Fe plays important role in transporting electron,stimulating bacterial growth and increasing hydrogen and methane production rate by promoting enzyme activity. Adding Fe with different morphologies and valence states in anaerobic digestion to increase biogas( hydrogen and methane) production and enhance organic matter degradation simultaneously,which has attracted many scientists' attention in recent years. Rapid progress in this area has been made over the last few years,since Fe is essential to the fermentative hydrogen and methane production,while few is known about how Fe affects the fermentative biogas production. This review is significant to maintain the stable operation of the biogas project.

Anaerobic oxidation of methane: Geochemical evidence from pore-water in coastal sediments of Qi’ao Island (Pearl River Estuary), southern China

The concentrations of CH4 and SO42? in pore-water and the carbon isotope compositions of total dissolved inorganic (ΣCO2) and CH4 were de- termined for three coastal sedimentary cores col- lected from Qi’ao Island (Pearl River Estuary), southern China. Results show that methane concen- tration changes dramatically at the base of the sul- fate-reducing zone and sulfate concentration gradi- ents are linear for all stations. In addition, the carbon isotope of methane becomes heavier at the sul- fate-methane transition (SMT), which causes ΣCO2-δ 13C to become the minimum. The geo- chemical profiles of pore-water render indirect evi- dence for anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Based on numerical modeling of AOM and sul- fate-reducing rates, the portion of total sulfate reduc- tion occurring via AOM is 9.0%, 84% and 45.5%, re- spectively, and the percentage of ΣCO2 added to the pore-water is 4.7%, 72.4% and 29.45% correspond- ingly for three sites. Furthermore, it is found that the methane concentration, methane diffusive flux and the depth of SMT are controlled by the quantity and quality of sedimentary organic matter incorporated into the sediments. The great amount of organic material is favorable for rapid depletion of sulfate via sedimentary organic matter degradation, and on the other hand, causes the increase of the methane flux in the SMT, which results in a portion of sulfate re-duction supported by AOM. Accordingly, the SMT was shifted towards the sediment surface.

Sedimentary geochemical proxies for methane seepage at Site C14 in the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern South China Sea

Recent studies have shown that specific geochemical characteristics of sediments can be used to reconstruct past methane seepage events.In this work,the correlation between the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of sediment samples is analyzed and the sulfate concentration profile in Site C14 from cold-seep sediments in the Qiongdongnan Basin in northern South China Sea is obtained.The results confirmed that,sulfate at 0–247 cm below sea floor(Unit I)is mainly consumed by organic matter sulfate reduction(OSR),while sulfate at 247–655 cm(UnitⅡ)is consumed by both the OSR and the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).In addition,the bottom sediment layer is affected by weak methane seepage.The Mo and U enrichment factors also exhibit similar trends in their respective depth profiles.The responses of trace elements,including Co/Al,Ni/Al,Cr/Al and Zn/Al ratios to methane seepage allowed the study of depositional conditions and methane seepage events.Based on the results,it is speculated that the depositional conditions of UnitⅡchanged with depth from moderate conditions of sulfidic and oxic conditions to locally anoxic conditions,and finally to suboxic conditions due to methane fluid leakage.The stable isotope values of chromium-reducible sulfide produced by AOM and those of sulfide formed by OSR in the early diagenetic environment suffered serious depletion of 34S.This was probably due to weak methane leakage,which caused the slower upward diffusion and the effect of early diagenesis on the samples.It is necessary to consider the effects of depositional environments and diagenesis on these geochemical parameters.

Pore-water geochemistry in methane-seep sediments of the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan:Possible link to subsurface methane hydrate

Cold seeps are pervasive along the continental margin worldwide,and are recognized as hotspots for elemental cycling pathway on Earth.In this study,analyses of pore water geochemical compositions of one-400 cm piston core(S3)and the application of a mass balance model are conducted to assess methane-associated biogeochemical reactions and uncover the relationship of methane in shallow sediment with gas hydrate reservoir at the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan.The results revealed that approximately 77%of sulfate is consumed by the predominant biogeochemical process of anaerobic oxidation of methane.However,the estimated sulfate-methane interface depth is-400 cm below sea floor with the methane diffusive flux of 0.039 mol/(m^(2)·a),suggesting the activity of methane seepage.Based on the δ^(13)C_(DIC) mass balance model combined with the contribution proportion of different dissolved inorganic carbon sources,this study calculated the δ^(13)C of the exogenous methane to be-57.9‰,indicating that the exogenous methane may be a mixture source,including thermogenic and biogenic methane.The study of pore water geochemistry at Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan may have considerable implications for understanding the specific details on the dynamics of methane in cold seeps and provide important evidence for the potential occurrence of subsurface gas hydrate in this area.

Sulfate-Methane Transition Depths and Its Implication for Gas Hydrate

The biological removal of CH4 by methanotrophic(CH4-oxidizing)archaea always occurs at a distinct zone which is known as sulfate-methane transition zone(SMTZ).It is an important indication for high methane flux and gas hydrate occurrence.In this study,we collected pore-water data from South China Sea,Carolina Rise and Blake Ridge to analyze the relationship between CH4,SO42−concentration and depth.We found that below the SMTZ,the methane concentration increases continuously with depth and sulfate concentration decrease linearly to zero.In addition,the geochemical data taken from all these sites show that SMTZ is relatively shallow(less than 20 m),which may indicate that these areas have high methane flux.

海相沉积岩中钙质结核成因综述

目的由自生碳酸盐矿物集合体构成的钙质结核是深时海相地层中较为常见的沉积构造,因其特殊的生长条件,已成为研究沉积环境、古气候和沉积物孔隙流体演化的重要载体。为深入了解不同钙质结核的成因,突出其地质意义,方法本文介绍了不同成因类型钙质结核的宏观形态、微观组构和同位素等特征,并对其成岩时限、生长模式和涉及的生物地球化学过程进行了综述。结果钙质结核可形成于准同生沉积阶段、早期成岩阶段和晚期成岩阶段,包括同心圈层状生长和弥漫性生长两种生长模式。钙质结核的形成机制主要包括3种:(1)在厌氧环境中,沉积物中的有机质为硫酸盐还原菌提供电子供体,发生氧化,生成碳酸氢根,导致孔隙水中碱度升高和钙质结核的形成;(2)在硫酸盐还原菌和甲烷氧化古菌共同作用下,冷泉流体中的甲烷发生厌氧氧化作用,孔隙水中过饱和的碳酸盐发生沉淀,形成钙质结核;(3)深埋藏环境下,孔隙水中的流体超压形成的晚期成岩构造,以发育“牛肉”和“锥中锥”为特征。结论目前对参与钙质结核形成的微生物过程已有了较为深入的认识,但仍需更多高分辨率原位分析,以揭示不同的生物地球化学过程(如有机质矿化作用、硫酸盐还原与甲烷厌氧氧化耦合作用等)如何控制结核生长,并对其成因机制作进一步探究。

Effect of manganese oxide-modified biochar addition on methane production and heavy metal speciation during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

Low organic matter content and high heavy metal levels severely inhibit the anaerobic digestion(AD) of sewage sludge. In this study, the effect of added manganese oxidemodified biochar composite(MBC) on methane production and heavy metal fractionation during sewage sludge AD was examined. The MBC could increase the buffering capacity,enhance the methane production and degradation of intermediate acids, buffer the pH of the culture, and stabilize the sewage sludge AD process. The application of MBC positively impacted methane production and the cumulative methane yield increased up to 121.97%,as compared with the control. The MBC addition can improve metal stabilization in the digestate. An optimum MBC dose of 2.36 g was recommended, which would produce up to 121.1 L/kg volatile solids of methane. After the AD process, even though most of the metals accumulated in the residual solids, they could be transformation from the bio-available fractions to a more stable fraction. The total organic-and sulfide-bound and residual fraction content at a 3 g dose of MBC that is 0.12 g/g dry matter were 51.06% and 35.11% higher than the control, respectively. The results indicated that the application of MBC could improve the performance of AD and promote stabilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge post the AD process.

n-damo细菌在不同生态环境中的遗传多样性和潜在功能研究

反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化(DAMO)是自然环境中减少甲烷排放的关键过程。近年来研究发现,亚硝酸盐依赖型厌氧甲烷氧化(n-damo)细菌在湖泊、河流、稻田和生物反应器等环境中表现出不同的分布特征和群落格局。然而,以往的环境调研主要集中在单一生态环境或样本类型,使得n-damo细菌在全球生态格局中的总体作用和分布特征仍然存在一定的未知。此外,在描述不同生态环境中n-damo细菌多样性时,16S rRNA和pmoA基因之间的具体区别或偏好性尚不清楚。因此,为了填补这一研究空白,基于n-damo细菌的两个关键基因,即16S rRNA和pmo A,通过生物信息学分析来评估不同生态系统中n-damo细菌的多样性特征。研究发现,16Sr RNA和pmoA基因所揭示的n-damo细菌遗传多样性和潜在功能存在差异。保守性更高的16S r RNA基因在湿地环境中多样性最高,而在人工富集环境中多样性最低。pmo A基因则在淡水环境中表现出最高的多样性,但也同样在人工富集环境中表现出最低的多样性。热图和韦恩图显示,淡水环境和湿地环境中n-damo细菌的相似性最高,但人工富集和咸水环境下的n-damo细菌与其他环境差异显著。此外,系统发育分析显示,16S rRNA与pmoA基因具有不同的同源模式,16S r RNA因其保守性而具有较高的同源性,而pmo A基因则表现出更多的簇族分化。这些结果为了解DAMO微生物对不同生态系统中甲烷减排和碳氮生物地球化学循环的贡献提供了重要见解。此外,未来n-damo细菌的环境调研工作应同时分析16S rRNA和pmo A基因,从而对n-damo细菌的分布和功能进行更加科学地综合评价。

垃圾渗滤液处理同步填埋气脱硫脱碳提纯

为研究二级膜生物膜反应器(MBfR)在处理垃圾渗滤液协同垃圾填埋气脱硫脱碳提纯方面的效能与机制,依次考察了前置短程硝化MBfR和后置MBfR运行过程中有机物和氮素污染物的去除效能,以及垃圾填埋气中H_(2)S、CO_(2)和CH_(4)的转化特性。实验结果表明:在反应系统运行280 d后,成功实现了渗滤液深度处理协同填埋气高效脱硫脱碳。通过控制前置反应器低溶氧,亚硝化率可达85%以上,可实现短程硝化和DAMO-Anammox过程的耦合。系统对COD、NH_(4)^(+)和TN的平均去除率分别可达95%、99%和99%,可实现垃圾渗滤液高效减碳脱氮;垃圾填埋气经过净化后的CO_(2)和H_(2)S气体成分分别降低至0.2%以下和5%左右,而CH_(4)气体成分提高至80%左右,显著提升了垃圾填埋气的质量。反硝化型厌氧甲烷氧化古菌和产甲烷古菌在电子转移系统中表现出高活跃性,暗示其通过直接电子转移的种间关系,可强化CO_(2)还原产CH_(4)过程。本研究中,高效的填埋气升级效果一方面归功于富集了电活性产甲烷菌Methanothrix和硫自养反硝化细菌Thiobacillus;另一方面,高有机负荷的厌氧产甲烷过程消耗大量质子,从而提高体系碱性并增加液相中可吸收的CO_(2)量。这进一步促进了垃圾填埋气中CO_(2)含量减少和CH_(4)含量增加。

南海海马冷泉区沉积物孔隙水地球化学特征对冷泉活动的指示

海马冷泉位于南海琼东南海域,是南海迄今发现的两个活动冷泉之一。我们对海马冷泉Rov2和PC3站位两个活塞重力柱沉积物孔隙水的阴阳离子、溶解无机碳(DIC)及其碳同位素组成和Sr、Ba含量等进行了分析。结果表明,两个站位孔隙水DIC含量(Rov2和PC3最大DIC含量分别为27.4、8.5 mM)和δ^(13)CDIC(Rov2和PC3站位最低值分别为-54.63‰和-48.93‰)具有明显的镜像关系。结合孔隙水硫酸盐浓度的变化特征,Rov2和PC3站位的硫酸盐-甲烷界面(SMI)分别位于约485和410 cm。通过模拟估算,Rov2和PC3站位向上甲烷通量分别为67.4和97.2 mol·m^(-2)·ka^(-1),较浅的SMI深度与相对较高的甲烷通量相一致。SMI附近极低的孔隙水δ^(13)CDIC值指示了AOM作用的发生及其对DIC的贡献。在Rov2站位,自生碳酸盐矿物以高镁方解石为主,阳离子Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和Sr^(2+)含量随深度增加并表现出与SO_(4)^(2−)阴离子含量相似的变化特征。在SMI附近,随着SO_(4)^(2−)的消耗、有机质的矿化将大量的Ba^(2+)和PO_(4)^(3-)释放进入孔隙水。因此,冷泉孔隙水地球化学特征的变化能帮助我们有效识别渗漏活动过程,对AOM作用下物质的迁移与转化具有重要的指示意义。

纳米铁氧化物对Pelotomaculum schinkii培养系丙酸厌氧降解产甲烷的影响

微生物能利用导电材料进行电子传递,提高种间电子传递效率。铁基纳米导电物质可以加速土壤及厌氧消化系统中微生物间的种间电子传递,促进有机废弃物的产甲烷过程。前期获得了厌氧丙酸富集培养系,互营丙酸氧化菌(Pelotomaculum schinkii)在培养系中占优势,本研究考察了10~4000 mg/L纳米铁氧化物对丙酸降解产甲烷过程的作用及微生物的影响。结果表明,低浓度的铁基纳米材料对丙酸降解有一定的促进作用,而高浓度会抑制产甲烷。10~1000 mg/L纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)对产甲烷无明显影响,1500~4000 mg/L最大产甲烷速率抑制了26%~80%,延滞期增加了174%~222%;10~200 mg/L纳米Fe_(2)O_(3)使最大产甲烷速率提高了21%~29%,1500~4000 mg/L最大产甲烷速率抑制了48%~58%,延滞期增加了29%~85%。微生物群落解析结果表明,与对照相比,10~1000 mg/L纳米Fe_(2)O_(3)使P.schinkii相对丰度略有增加,而4000 mg/L纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(2)O_(3)使P.schinkii的相对丰度下降了70.7%和55.9%,说明高浓度纳米铁氧化物会抑制P.schinkii的活性,导致丙酸降解及产甲烷速率降低。

Oxidative chemical pretreatment by piranha solution for enhanced methane yield of wheat straw:mechanism and kinetic study

The present research work aims to explore the potency of piranha solutions at the best-optimized concentrations,i.e.,40%and 30%to reduce the recalcitrant and heterogeneous structure of wheat straw,and the treated wheat straw was denoted as WS40 and WS30.The effect of pretreatment on wheat straw was determined by anaerobic digestion(AD)in a batch mode,followed by the analysis of soluble chemical oxygen demand(sCOD)and volatile fatty acids(VFAs).After pretreatment,the surface fibers shattered and detached,showing a distorted surface of wheat straw.An increase in the crystallinity of wheat straw after pretreatment was also observed due to the removal of amorphous cellulose and lignin.Enhancement in methane yield was obtained on the 9th day,which was 103±6.92 and 99.33±0.57 mL/d for WS40 and WS30,respectively.Displaced water measurement revealed that the pretreatment of wheat straw minimized the hydrolysis period by 14 days.It also improved the methane yield by 2.65(WS40)and 2.45(WS30)fold in comparison with the control which yielded 35.66 mL/d methane on the 23rd day.The modified Gompertz model(MGM),logistic function model(LFM)and transference function model(TFM)adequately described the degradation process and explained the kinetic behavior of the cumulative methane yield.Among the three models,MGM was found to fit best for the methane yield of WS40 and WS30.

南海东沙海域甲烷渗漏活动对不同Fe组分和P形态组成的影响

大陆边缘海底广泛发育甲烷渗漏活动,可以显著改变区域甚至全球海洋C、S循环,潜在影响深部生物圈的Fe、P等循环过程。然而目前对甲烷渗漏活动影响Fe-P耦合特征以及P循环的程度了解有限。本研究选取南海东沙海域发育甲烷渗漏活动的冷泉站位和临近不发育甲烷渗漏活动的背景站位,分析采集的柱状沉积物中不同Fe组分和P形态组成。2个站位对比结果显示,甲烷渗漏活动促使易还原的铁氧化物和磁铁矿含量减少,导致可还原的铁氧化物增多,同时引起铁氧化物吸附的P和自生P含量明显增加。因此,甲烷渗漏活动会显著地影响沉积物中铁氧化物的形成,进一步影响铁氧化物吸附磷酸盐的丰度,有利于磷灰石等自生磷酸盐沉积。这种不同形态Fe和P对甲烷渗漏活动的响应模式在大陆边缘环境可能普遍存在,影响该环境中Fe、P循环和最终的P埋藏。