Construction of a nomogram model to predict technical difficulty in performing laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer

BACKGROUND Colorectal surgeons are well aware that performing surgery for rectal cancer becomes more challenging in obese patients with narrow and deep pelvic cavities.Therefore,it is essential for colorectal surgeons to have a comprehensive understanding of pelvic structure prior to surgery and anticipate potential surgical difficulties.AIM To evaluate predictive parameters for technical challenges encountered during laparoscopic radical sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer.METHODS We retrospectively gathered data from 162 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic radical sphincterpreserving surgery for rectal cancer.Three-dimensional reconstruction of pelvic bone and soft tissue parameters was conducted using computed tomography(CT)scans.Operative difficulty was categorized as either high or low,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify predictors of operative difficulty,ultimately creating a nomogram.RESULTS Out of 162 patients,21(13.0%)were classified in the high surgical difficulty group,while 141(87.0%)were in the low surgical difficulty group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the surgical approach using laparoscopic intersphincteric dissection,intraoperative preventive ostomy,and the sacrococcygeal distance were independent risk factors for highly difficult laparoscopic radical sphincter-sparing surgery for rectal cancer(P<0.05).Conversely,the anterior-posterior diameter of pelvic inlet/sacrococcygeal distance was identified as a protective factor(P<0.05).A nomogram was subsequently constructed,demonstrating good predictive accuracy(C-index=0.834).CONCLUSION The surgical approach,intraoperative preventive ostomy,the sacrococcygeal distance,and the anterior-posterior diameter of pelvic inlet/sacrococcygeal distance could help to predict the difficulty of laparoscopic radical sphincter-preserving surgery.

Therapeutic Effect of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Anal Pruritus After Anorectal Surgery

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on anal pruritus after anorectal surgery.Methods:Ninety-eight patients with anal pruritus after anorectal surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups,the control group(50 cases)and the study group(48 cases),according to the treatment plan.The control group was under a simple western medicine treatment plan,while the study group was under an integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment plan.The overall efficacy,severity of anal pruritus,time to eliminate clinical symptoms,and anxiety and depression scores of the two groups of patients under different treatment plans were compared.Results:After two weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the study group was 95.83%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(82.00%,P<0.05).After 7 and 14 days of treatment,the anal pruritus scores improved significantly in both the groups,but the study group was superior to the control group,with statistical difference(P<0.01).The time of disappearance of skin itching and skin damage in the study group was shorter than that in the control group.After 14 days of treatment,the anxiety and depression scores of both groups were lower than those after 7 days of treatment;however,there was statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of anorectal postoperative diseases,such as anal pruritus,the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine can significantly improve the symptoms of pruritus,shorten the time of disappearance of clinical symptoms,improve depression and anxiety,and create a positive clinical application value in promoting the rehabilitation of patients and improving their quality of life.

Long-term outcome of infliximab combined with surgery for perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term outcome of infliximab combined with surgery to treat perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease(CD).METHODS:The work was performed as a prospective study.All patients received infliximab combined withsurgery to treat perianal fistulizing CD,which was followed by an immunosuppressive agent as maintenance therapy.RESULTS:A total of 28 patients with perianal fistulizing CD were included.At week 30,89.3%(25/28)of the patients were clinically cured with an average healing time of 31.4 d.The CD activity index decreased to70.07±77.54 from 205.47±111.13(P<0.01)after infliximab treatment.The perianal CD activity index was decreased to 0.93±2.08 from 8.54±4.89(P<0.01).C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,platelets,and neutrophils all decreased significantly compared with the pretreatment levels(P<0.01).Magnetic resonance imaging results for 16 patients after therapy showed that one patient had a persistent presacral-rectal fistula and another still had a cavity without clinical symptoms at follow-up.After a median follow-up of 26.4 mo(range:14-41 mo),96.4%(27/28)of the patients had a clinical cure.CONCLUSION:Infliximab combined with surgery is effective and safe in the treatment of perianal fistulizing CD,and this treatment was associated with better longterm outcomes.

Transanal minimally invasive surgery vs endoscopic mucosal resection for rectal benign tumors and rectal carcinoids: A retrospective analysis

BACKGROUND Transanal minimally invasive surgery(TAMIS)is a good choice for resection of rectal neoplasms.Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)is also widely used in the treatment of benign rectal tumors such as rectal polyps and rectal adenomas.However,no studies have compared the outcome of TAMIS and EMR.AIM To compare the short-term outcomes after TAMIS and EMR for rectal carcinoid and benign tumors(including rectal polyps and adenomas).METHODS From January 2014 to January 2019,44 patients who received TAMIS and 53 patients who received EMR at The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai were selected.Primary outcomes(surgical-related)were operating time,blood loss,length of postoperative hospital stay,rate of resection margin involvement and lesion fragmentation rate.The secondary outcomes were complications such as hemorrhage,urinary retention,postoperative infection and reoperation.RESULTS No significant differences were observed in terms of blood loss(12.48±8.00 mL for TAMIS vs 11.45±7.82 mL for EMR,P=0.527)and length of postoperative hospital stay(3.50±1.87 d for TAMIS vs 2.72±1.98 d for EMR,P=0.065)between the two groups.Operating time was significantly shorter for EMR compared with TAMIS(21.19±9.49 min vs 49.95±15.28 min,P=0.001).The lesion fragmentation rate in the EMR group was 22.6%(12/53)and was significantly higher than that(0%,0/44)in the TAMIS group(P=0.001).TAMIS was associated with a higher urinary retention rate(13.6%,6/44 vs 1.9%,1/53 P=0.026)and lower hemorrhage rate(0%,0/44 vs 18.9%,10/53 P=0.002).A significantly higher reoperation rate was observed in the EMR group(9.4%,5/53 vs 0%,0/44 P=0.036).

Application of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery in low or ultralow rectal cancer

This study aimed to investigate the influence of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery on the postoperative defecation function,urinary function and sexual function in low or ultralow rectal cancer.A retrospective study was undertaken on 107 patients(65 laparoscopic resection and 42 laparoctomic resection)with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic or open laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sph incter-preserving surgery from April 2009 to April 2013.The quality of life outcomes of all patients,including defection,urinary and sexual function,were assessed at 6,12 and 24 months after operation.Gastrointestinal quality of life index(GQOLI)was used to evaluate the fecal incont inence and bowel dysfunction.Urinary and sexual functions were studied by means of questionnaires on the basis of the international prostatic symptom score(IPSS)and international index of erectile function(IEF),respectively.In laparoscopic surgery group,there were two cases of anastomotic leakage,three cases of anast omotic strict ure,seven cases of local recurrence,ten cases of hepatic metastasis and five cases of lung metastasis.The satisfaction rates of patients about their defe-cation function reached 60.3%(35/58,84.5%(49/58)and 913%(53/58)at6,12,and 24 months follow-up,respectively.The assessment after one year showed that the overall incidence of uri-nary dysfunction was 10.7%(7/65);Among male patients,18.4%(7/36)sufered from erectile dysfunction and 27.8%(10/36)sufered from ejaculatory dysfunction;65.5%(19/29)female patients investigated were satisfied with their postoperative sexual life.In open surgery group,there were two cases of anastomotic leakage,two cases of anastomotic stricture,nine cases of local recurrence,ten cases of hepatic metastasis and seven cases of kung metastasis.The satisfaction rates of patients about their defecation function were 56.4%(22/39),82.1%(32/39)and 94.8%(37/39)at 6,12,and 24 months follow-up,respectively.The assessment after one year showed that the overall incidence of urinary dysfunction was 11.9%(5/42);25%(4/16)male patients suffered from erectile dysfunction and 313%(5/16)sufered from ejaculatory dysfunction;69.2%(19/26)female patients investigated were satisfied of their postoperative sexual life.There was no statistic difference in the two groups.Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery in low or ultralow rectal carcinoma is safe and pract icable.It can be helpful for enhancing the probability of anus reservation,and obtains satisfactory defecation,sexual and urinary functions.

不同化疗方案联合腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术对进展期胃癌患者疗效及血清sEC、IGF、CEA水平的影响

目的研究不同化疗方案联合腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术对进展期胃癌患者的疗效及血清可溶性E2钙粘连蛋白(sEC)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平的影响。方法选择2020年3月至2023年6月收治的进展期胃癌患者150例,按照随机数字表法分成2组,其中对照组75例采用奥沙利铂和卡培他滨方案化疗联合腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术治疗,观察组75例采用多西他赛、奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨方案化疗(DOX方案)联合腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术治疗。观察比较2组围术期指标及化疗前后血清sEC、IGF、CEA水平和2组近期疗效、术后并发症发生情况。结果观察组术后肛门排气时间、术后第一次进食流质饮食时间和术后住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。化疗后,sEC、IGF、CEA水平均下降,且观察组下降更显著(P<0.05,P<001)。观察组近期疗效显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<001)。结论DOX方案联合腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌效果较好,术后并发症发生率低,可以作为进展期胃癌患者的治疗备选方案。

预防性小肠造口对男性中低位直肠癌保肛手术患者排便及负性情绪的影响

目的:探讨男性中低位直肠癌保肛手术患者采取预防性小肠造口对排便和负性情绪的影响。方法:纳入2020年10月—2023年10月江阴市人民医院收治的107例男性直肠癌患者进行回顾性研究,根据患者采取的治疗方法分为小肠造口组(n=55)和常规治疗组(n=52)。比较两组术后各项指标(首次进食时间、排便时间和下床活动时间)、生活质量评分[生命质量测定量表-CR29(QLQ-CR29)]、排便功能、焦虑情况[90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)]和治疗满意度。结果:小肠造口组首次进食时间、排便时间和下床活动时间均早于常规治疗组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前两组生活质量和排便功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3个月小肠造口组生活质量和排便功能评分均明显高于常规治疗组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月后两组SCL-90各因子评分均较术前降低,且小肠造口组均明显低于常规治疗组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);小肠造口组治疗满意度(98.18%)明显高于常规治疗组(82.69%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:男性中低位直肠癌保肛手术患者进行预防性小肠造口可有效缩短首次进食时间、排便时间和下床活动时间,提高生活质量和排便功能,减轻负性情绪,并提高患者治疗满意度。

超声引导下腘窝坐骨神经联合收肌管阻滞用于膝关节置换手术镇痛的效果评价

目的评价超声引导下腘窝坐骨神经联合收肌管阻滞用于膝关节置换手术镇痛的临床效果。方法选取2020年1月至2023年7月在湖州市南浔区人民医院择期行单侧膝关节置换手术的60例患者纳入研究,按随机数表法分为A组和B组,每组30例。A组患者全麻前超声引导下行腘窝坐骨神经阻滞,B组患者全麻前超声引导下行腘窝坐骨神经联合收肌管阻滞;两组患者均行术后静脉镇痛。比较两组患者的感觉阻滞起效时间及维持时间、运动阻滞起效时间及维持时间、麻醉诱导前、手术切皮时和手术结束时的血流动力学;同时比较两组患者术后4 h、8 h、24 h和36 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS),以及术后36 h内的镇痛泵首次按压时间和镇痛泵有效按压次数。结果B组患者的感觉阻滞起效时间为(11.88±0.27)min,明显短于A组的(14.1±10.22)min,感觉阻滞维持时间为(747.00±23.08)min,明显长于A组的(571.90±17.98)min,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组的运动阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞维持时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组患者在手术切皮时、手术结束时的心率分别为(69.38±5.2)次/min、(66.79±4.73)次/min,明显低于A组的(72.97±5.2)次/min、(69.40±5.06)次/min,而平均动脉压分别为(92.91±8.08)mm Hg、(94.67±8.69)mm Hg,明显高于A组的(89.29±7.58)mmHg、(86.70±7.28)mmHg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后8 h、24 h、36 h,B组患者的VAS评分分别为(4.12±0.06)分、(3.42±0.12)分、(2.44±0.10)分,明显低于A组的(4.87±0.15)分、(4.61±0.09)分、(3.47±0.16)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后36 h内,B组患者的静脉自控镇痛泵首次按压时间为(306.8±0.90)min,明显长于A组的(177.3±1.47)min,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后24 h、36 h,B组患者镇痛泵有效按压次数分别为(1.35±0.04)次、(2.55±0.09)次,明显少于A组的(1.66±0.05)次、(3.48±0.09)次,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下腘窝坐骨神经联合收肌管阻滞能提升膝关节置换手术患者的麻醉效率,维持血流动力学稳定,同时确保围手术期镇痛效果,使术后自控镇痛应用频率降低。

珍珠粉有效成分促进肛瘘大鼠术后创面愈合的作用机制研究

目的 观察珍珠粉在肛瘘大鼠术后创面恢复的药物促进机制,探讨其影响机制。方法 造模30只SD大鼠,使其形成肛瘘术后创面,将未造模成功的大鼠剔除,按随机数字表法随机分为珍珠粉组、碳酸钙组、对照组,每组8只。珍珠粉组每日点涂珍珠粉末于肛瘘大鼠创面,碳酸钙组每日应用碳酸钙外敷于肛瘘大鼠创面,对照组每日用生理盐水冲洗肛瘘大鼠创面,连续干预14 d。各组于应用药物治疗后的第3天、第7天、第14天于肛瘘大鼠创面取材,比较3组之间的创面毛细血管含量、TGF-β及VEGF的表达水平。结果 与对照组相比,珍珠粉组可以增加创面组织中VEGF和TGF-β的表达(P<0.05),以上差异具有统计学意义。结论 珍珠粉可以显著促进肛瘘大鼠术后创面的愈合,其提高VEGF和TGF-β的含量和活性,促进新生肉芽组织的生成可能是其发挥促进创面愈合的作用途径之一。

肛管癌的诊治现状与未来

肛管癌是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,约占所有消化道恶性肿瘤的2%。肛管癌中最为常见的病理类型为鳞状细胞癌,近年来肛管鳞状细胞癌发病率在逐渐增加。人乳头瘤病毒感染和免疫抑制是肛管癌的主要危险因素。过去的几十年中,肛管癌的治疗取得了一定的进展,放化疗依然是大多数早期肛管癌患者治疗的主要方式。对于放化疗后肛管癌病灶复发或病灶仍然存在的患者可行挽救性手术。最新研究显示采用化疗加上免疫治疗能够改善进展期肛管癌患者的预后。本文全面回顾肛管癌的诊治现状,同时深入探讨肛管癌诊治的困境与未来。

肛瘘术后外用中药与其促愈机制的研究进展

肛瘘是指肛管直肠与肛门周围皮肤之间的慢性、病理性管道。据报道,在我国肛门直肠部位疾病中肛瘘约占总发病率的3.60%。目前,临床治疗肛瘘的方式仍以手术为主,但因肛瘘术后创面多为开放性,易增加并发症的发生、肛瘘复发等问题,进而对疾病的治疗效果造成严重影响。因此,探索影响肛瘘术后创面愈合的相关机制,对临床医生采取及时有效的治疗措施,提高肛瘘的治疗效果尤为关键。近年来,中医药治疗手段多用于促进肛瘘术后创面愈合,已成为该疾病主要治疗手段。本文通过将肛瘘术后外用中药与其促愈机制进行归纳与总结,旨在为临床提供相关参考及指导依据。

肛瘘术后应用中医药治疗患者创面愈合相关信号通路及生长因子变化的临床现状分析

肛瘘一般难以自愈,手术是治愈该病的有效方法,但因肛瘘病变位置特殊,术后创面多为开放性,易引发一系列问题,增加患者痛苦。近年中医药治疗因费用低、疗效理想等优势已逐渐成为肛瘘术后促进创面愈合的主要方式。目前发现,部分中草药化合物的活性成分、中药复方制剂在促进肛瘘术后创面愈合有重要作用。通过检索发现,中医药可通过调控转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/Smad、缺氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)、Hippo等信号通路等加速新生血管形成,促进肛瘘术后创面愈合。通过总结肛瘘术后应用中医药治疗患者创面愈合相关信号通路、生长因子变化及其作用机制,旨在为中医药治疗肛瘘术后患者的进一步研究提供依据。

不同手术方法对高位复杂性肛瘘患者肛门功能的影响

目的探讨传统切开挂线术和切开挂线选择性缝合术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘患者的效果。方法84例高位复杂性肛瘘患者按手术方式的不同分为两组,对照组采取传统切开挂线术治疗,研究组采取切开挂线选择性缝合术治疗,比较两组的治疗效果、疼痛程度、肛门功能、术后并发症。结果研究组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,术后7d的VAS评分、术后6个月的Wexner评分、术后并发症发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论与传统切开挂线术相比,切开挂线选择性缝合术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘患者的效果更好,可降低患者疼痛程度,改善肛门功能,降低术后并发症发生率。

重视低位直肠癌保肛策略规划

基于多学科诊疗模式背景和患者日益增长的高质量生活意愿,近年来低位直肠癌保肛策略发生改变。随着新辅助治疗模式的优化、手术术式的精化以及术后保肛理念的深入人心,低位直肠癌保肛策略逐渐从传统的单纯手术转变为综合治疗,保肛手术也更倾向于精准、极限保肛。综合治疗旨在为患者保留良好的肛门功能,减轻手术损伤。但低位直肠癌保肛综合治疗仍处于新兴发展阶段,对保肛的策略规划尚未达成共识。因此,总结各类低位直肠癌术前、术中、术后的治疗策略,对于低位直肠癌患者保肛方案的选择具有重要意义。本文着重探讨新辅助治疗模式的优化、“观察等待”方案、保肛技术的发展以及术后保肛策略等,旨在对低位直肠癌保肛策略规划的现状进行综述。

低位直肠癌保肛术后行早期排便功能训练护理模式对肛门功能的影响分析

目的 研究早期排便功能训练护理模式应用在低位直肠癌保肛术后患者的临床可行性,并深入探究有无影响肛门功能。方法 通过计算机1:1随机数列方式对本院2021年5月—2023年6月收治的低位直肠癌保肛术后患者82例均分两组。其中,参照组(n=41)采用常规护理,研究组(n=41)采用早期排便功能训练护理模式,比较护理后的效果。结果 研究组护理后的排便功能优良率以及护理工作满意度评分较参照组高,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理质量评分方面,研究组心理护理、训练干预、专业技术和护理中心等分值较参照组高,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前两组患者的SAS评分和SDS评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后研究组SAS评分和SDS评分较参照组低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 低位直肠癌保肛术后患者选取科学有效的护理方法至关重要,其中早期排便功能训练护理模式对肛门功能的恢复具有积极的效果,护理工作满意度以及护理质量均明显提高,不良心理得到显著改善,具有较高的可行性。

PDCA循环式护理在肛瘘术后患者中的应用效果及对自我护理能力的影响

目的探讨PDCA循环式护理在肛瘘术后患者中的应用效果及对自我护理能力的影响。方法选取2021年9月至2022年9月收治的60例行肛瘘手术治疗的患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(30例,常规护理)和观察组(30例,PDCA循环式护理)。比较两组的护理效果。结果观察组的术后康复指标优于对照组,并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均显著低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组的自我护理能力测评量表(ESCA)各维度评分均显著高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论PDCA循环式护理干预可明显改善肛瘘术后患者的负性情绪,有效缓解疼痛度,提升自护能力,降低并发症发生率。

分阶段健康教育模式在肛瘘手术患者中的应用效果及对其自我护理能力的影响

目的探讨分阶段健康教育模式在肛瘘手术患者中的应用效果及对其自我护理能力的影响。方法选取2021年9月至2022年9月50例行手术治疗的肛瘘患者作为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各25例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上行分阶段健康教育模式护理。比较两组的护理效果。结果观察组的术后下床活动时间、首次排尿时间、创面愈合时间及住院时间短于对照组,疾病知识知晓率及护理总依从率高于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组,自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论分阶段健康教育模式在肛瘘手术患者中的应用效果较好。

PDCA循环式护理对肛瘘手术后患者的影响

目的:探究戴明环(PDCA)循环式护理对肛瘘手术后患者疼痛程度、自我护理能力及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2022年3月至2023年3月福建中医药大学附属人民医院收治的肛瘘患者80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组行常规护理,观察组运用PDCA循环式护理,比较2组的疼痛程度、自我护理能力和睡眠质量。结果:2组术后6 h的疼痛程度无显著性差异,观察组术后12 h、术后24 h、术后48 h的疼痛评分均小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2组护理后的各项自我护理能力评分均大于护理前,观察组护理后的各项自我护理能力评分均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2组护理后的睡眠质量评分均显著小于护理前,观察组护理后的各项睡眠质量评分均小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:对肛瘘手术患者实施PDCA循环式护理既有利于减轻患者的疼痛程度,提高其自护能力,又可以改善患者的睡眠质量,更有利于促进患者身体功能的恢复,值得推广应用。

中药熏洗治疗肛瘘术后创面愈合的临床研究进展

肛瘘作为肛肠科的常见疾病之一,其发病率仅次于痔,手术治疗作为肛瘘的首选治疗,其术后可发生创面感染、疼痛、水肿、渗出、创面愈合不良或假性愈合等多种并发症。促进肛瘘术后创面恢复、减少各种并发症的发生,减轻患者病痛已成为肛肠科的焦点及难点问题,而中医外治法为其提供了良好的治疗策略。研究表明中医外治特色疗法中药熏洗在促进肛瘘术后恢复方面效果显著,能有效降低炎症因子水平、减少渗出、减轻疼痛,减轻临床症状,加速创面修复、缩短创面愈合时间。本文就近年来中药熏洗促进肛瘘患者术后恢复的现代对照研究、常用药物研究、作用机理等方面进行阐述。

经肛括约肌间切开术联合中药外敷治疗高位肛瘘疗效及术后功能分析

目的 探讨经肛括约肌间切开(transanal opening of intersphincteric space, TROPIS)手术联合中药外敷治疗高位肛瘘的方法及对术后1年肛门功能、复发的影响。方法 选择2022年1月—2023年1月医院收治的76例高位肛瘘行手术治疗的患者作为研究对象,最终纳入60例患者,采用病例对照研究方法,按治疗方式不同分为观察组(采用TROPIS术联合中药外敷治疗)30例与对照组(采用TROPIS术治疗)30例。比较两组术后1 d、7 d创面疼痛、渗液评分。分别于术前和术后1年,采用多功能胃肠动力学检查系统测定肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压等肛门功能指标水平,并采用Wexner失禁评分评估,随访1年,统计比较两组术后并发症发生率,比较两组复发率。结果 观察组术后1 d、7 d创面疼痛、渗液评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年,两组肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压均高于术前,Wexner失禁评分低于术前,而观察组肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压均高于对照组,Wexner失禁评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率6.67%低于对照组30%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访1年,观察组发生率1例(3.33%)低于对照组6例(20%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TROPIS术联合中药外敷治疗高位肛瘘效果显著,能够减轻患者创面疼痛,减少患者创面渗液,改善肛门功能,且术后并发症较少,复发率低。