The development and application of Laboratory Animal Science in China

The 14th Scientific Congress of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Science was held on October 11‐12,2018 in Qingdao,China.During this congress,an international forum on the development of Laboratory Animal Sciences(LAS)worldwide was held in which participants learnt about the development of new LAS resources and technologies,as well as the progress of LAS in China.The main points that were discussed are as follows.After nearly a century of development,there are more than 200 species of experimental animals,and more than 20 000 inbred lines,outbred lines,genetic engineered animals,animal models of diseases,and other resources all over the world,which provide abundant experimental animal resources for scientific research.These resources are widely used in life science research.

One health, monkeypox prevention, and treatment: The second online academic salon on monkeypox virus by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (August 26, 2022, Beijing, China)

The Second Online Academic Salon on Monkeypox Virus: One Health, monkeypox prevention, and treatment was held online on August 26, 2022, at Beijing, China. The Academic Salon was hosted by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS);organized by the Editorial Office of Animal Models and Experimental Medicine( AMEM), Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica, and the Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine;and co-organized by the China Union of Life Science Societies and Wiley Press. This online salon was simultaneously broadcast live, and attracted more than 2000 participants online from home and abroad.

LasDB: A collective database for laboratory animal strain resources

Background: With the aim of establishing the most comprehensive database of laboratory animal strains, the "laboratory animal strain resources database"(LasDB)was constructed as a searchable online database of all laboratory animal strains,stocks and mutant embryonic stem-cell lines available worldwide, including inbred,outbred, mutant and genetically engineered strains.Methods: MySQL database software was used to construct the LasDB, offering an easy-to-use interface.Results: To date, LasDB has a collection covering data for 21 596 mouse strains,2062 rat strains, 13 monkey strains, 2 hamster strains, 5 dog strains, 5 rabbit strains and more than 50 other laboratory animal strains. LasDB will be continually improved with regular updates of new laboratory animal strains from all over the world.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first database that attempts to systematically integrate all available laboratory animal strain data with the aim of supporting open usage and full resource sharing.

The 1st online academic salon on monkeypox virus by Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(2022, June 10th,Beijing, China)

The First Academic Salon on Monkeypox Virus was held online on June 10th,2022 in Beijing,China.The Academic Salon was hosted by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS);organized by the Editorial Office of Animal Models and Experimental Medicine (AMEM),Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica,and the Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine,and co-organized by China Union of Life Science Societies.This Academic Salon was also broadcast live on Wiley WeChat Video Channel,and attracted over 2400online attendees home and abroad.

History and development of laboratory animal science in Sri Lanka

The Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo(UCFM), is the forerunner in the laboratory animal science(LAS) field in Sri Lanka. Here laboratory animals such as rats, frogs and rabbits were used in medical education to demonstrate physiological principles in the early 1950 s. The establishment of the first animal house in 1969 at UCFM better facilitated the use of laboratory animals in medical education and research. By 2006, lack of ethical guide lines was an issue and a set of ethical guidelines was developed and published in 2009, which today are followed by researchers and reviewers in many universities and research institutions in the country. With this development, there was a need for an organized system of education for the LAS discipline. This was fulfilled by conducting the first certificate course on LAS in the Asian region in 2011 in collaboration with the Utrecht University,Netherlands. The Sri Lanka Association for LAS has continued LAS education since its establishment in 2012 at UCFM by conducting workshops and short courses.

国际实验动物科学理事会（the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science ICLAS）简介

国际实验动物科学理事会（the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science ICLAS）是一家以促进世界范围内实验动物伦理性关怀和使用为目标，以全面提升人类和动物健康为使命的国际科学组织。

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)is a unique research organization dedicated to research on laboratory animals and comparative medicine.It is affi liated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).It was founded in 1980,when China has just begun to develop laboratory animal sciences.ILAS currently has 478 staff working in four main business areas:scientifi c research;laboratory animal resource development conservation and production;comparative medicine technology services;and teaching and training.

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)is a unique research organization dedicated to research on laboratory animals and comparative medicine.It is affi liated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).It was founded in 1980,when China has just begun to develop laboratory animal sciences.ILAS currently has 478 staff working in four main business areas:scientifi c research;laboratory animal resource development conservation and production;comparative medicine technology services;and teaching and training.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the fi rst session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the first session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the fi rst session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)as a novel laboratory disease animal model

The tree shrew （Tupaia belangeri） is a promising laboratory animal that possesses a closer genetic relationship to primates than to rodents. In addition, advantages such as small size, easy breeding, and rapid reproduction make the tree shrew an ideal subject for the study of human disease. Numerous tree shrew disease models have been generated in biological and medical studies in recent years. Here we summarize current tree shrew disease models, including models of infectious diseases, cancers, depressive disorders, drug addiction, myopia, metabolic diseases, and immune-related diseases. With the success of tree shrew transgenic technology, this species will be increasingly used in biological and medical studies in the future.

Alignment silkworms as seismic animal anomalous behavior (SAAB) and electromagnetic model of a fault: a theory and laboratory experiment

Alignment of silkworms and fish, observed as seismic anomalous animal behavior (SAAB) prior to the Kobe earthquake, were duplicated in a laboratory by applying a pulsed electric field assuming SAAB as electrophysiological responses to the stimuli of seismic electric signals (SES). The animals became aligned perpendicularly to the field direction since their skeletal muscle had a higher resistivity perpendicular to the field direction than parallel to it. An electromagnetic model of a fault is proposed in which dipolar charges, ± q are generated due to the change of seismic stress, σ (t) . From a mathematical model,d q /d t=-α (d σ /d t) - q/ερ , where α is the charge generation constant like a piezoelectric coefficient, ε , the dielectric constant and ρ , the resistivity of bedrock granite. A fault having a length 2 a and a displacement or rock rupture time τ , during which the stress is changed, gives pulsed dipolar charge surface densities, +q(t, x) and -q(t, x+2a), or an apparent electric dipole moment of P(t)=2aQ(t)=2aAq(t)=αM 0[ερ/(τ-ερ)](e -t/τ -e -t/ερ ) using the earthquake moment M 0. The fault displacement, D , its initial velocity, D′ and the stress drop, Δ σ give τ=D/D′= (Δ σ/σ 0)(α/β) . The field intensity, F , and seismic current density at a fault zone, J were calculated as F=q/ε and J=F/ρ′ using ρ′ of water as to give J=0.1～1 A/m 2 sufficient to cause SAAB experimentally. The near field ultra low frequency (ULF) waves generated by P(t) give SES reciprocally proportional to the distance R .

A review: Systematic research approach on toxicity model of liver and kidney in laboratory animals

Therapeutic experiments are commonly performed on laboratory animals to inves-tigate the possible mechanism(s)of action of toxic agents as well as drugs or sub-stances under consideration.The use of toxins in laboratory animal models,including rats,is intended to cause toxicity.This study aimed to investigate different models of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in laboratory animals to help researchers advance their research goals.The current narrative review used databases such as Medline,Web of Science,Scopus,and Embase and appropriate keywords until June 2021.Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity models derived from some toxic agents such as cisplatin,acetaminophen,doxorubicin,some anticancer drugs,and other materials through various signaling pathways are investigated.To understand the models of renal or hepatotoxicity in laboratory animals,we have provided a list of toxic agents and their toxicity procedures in this review.

Biological Safety Issues in Animal Laboratory of Colleges and Universities

As a crucial link in fostering talented students, laboratories in universities have been attached great significance since they help developing practical op- erational ability of students. The unknown factors in laboratories are likely to pose threat to operators. Therefore, it is especially important to guarantee the safety of laboratories. The paper expounded the measures supposed to be taken in university lab-teaching based on bias-safety management problems and hoping to serve the research work and teaching by adopting proper and reasonable methods which are in accordance with scientific purposes.

Distance Education as a Tool for Training Veterinarians in Laboratory Animal Medicine

With increasing globalization and a trend towards international harmonization of standards for the care and use of animals in research and testing,there is a significant need to assist and support countries to develop training programs for laboratory animal veterinarians.Although formal educational opportunities for training laboratory animal veterinarians exist through well-established specialty colleges of laboratory animal medicine such as ACLAM,ECLAM,JCLAM,and KCLAM or through other professional organisations,such as the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations(FELASA),opportunities for participating in these programs are often limited to veterinarians in North America,Western Europe and specific regions of Asia.Creative thinking is required to develop cost-effective,practical,entry-level and advanced continuing education and applied training programs for veterinarians working in the field of laboratory animal medicine around the world.This paper will describe one potential solution for this issue,the use of a distance education program that provides theoretical information in a virtual classroom with applied training modules to deliver knowledge and practical skills to laboratory animal veterinarians.This type of program takes advantage of the online learning environment and can be an effective means to deliver training at the grassroots level to adult learners.