Concentrations of seventeen hazardous trace elements including As, Pb, Hg, Se, Cd, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni, U, V, Th, Be, Sb, Br and Zn in the No.ll coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi Province were determined using I...Concentrations of seventeen hazardous trace elements including As, Pb, Hg, Se, Cd, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni, U, V, Th, Be, Sb, Br and Zn in the No.ll coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi Province were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis （INAA）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （CV-AAS） and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （GF-AAS）. Comparisons with average concentrations of trace elements in Chinese coal show that the concentrations of Hg and Cd in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine are much higher. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of utilization. The variations of the trace elements contents and pyritic suffur in vertical section indicated that： （a） the concentrations of As, Pb, Mn, and pyritic sulfur decrease from roof to floor; （b） the concentrations of Cr, Zn and Mo are higher in roof, floor and lower in coal seam; （c） the concentration of Br, Sb, and Hg are higher in coal seam and lower in roof and floor; （d） the concentrations of Mo, V, Th and AI vary consistently with the ash yield. Cluster analysis of trace elements, pyritic sulfur, ash yield and major elements, such as AI, Fe, P, Ca shows that： （a） pyritic sulfur, Fe, As, Mn, Ni, Be are closely associated and reflect the influence of pyrite; （b） Mo, Se, Pb, Cr, Th, Co, Ca and A! are related to clay mineral, which is the main source of ash; （c） U, Zn, V, Na, P maybe controlled by phosphate or halite; （d） Hg, Br, Sb and Cd may be mainly organic-associated elements which fall outside the three main groups. The concentration distribution characteristics of trace elements in coal seam and the cluster analysis of major and trace elements showed that the contents of trace elements in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, are mainly controlled by detrital input and migration from roof and floor.展开更多
A seed germinating method was used to study soil seed banks in dump sites of the Antaibao opencast mine for soil reclamation and ecological rehabilitation. Based on a richness index, a diversity index and an evenness ...A seed germinating method was used to study soil seed banks in dump sites of the Antaibao opencast mine for soil reclamation and ecological rehabilitation. Based on a richness index, a diversity index and an evenness index, the diversity of species of soil seed banks was studied. As well, the progress of vegetation succession in this thoroughly destroyed ecosystem is discussed and the self-renewal ability of the soil seed banks is analyzed. The results indicate that 1） there are 17 plant species belonging to five families with annuals as the dominant species; 2） the soil seed banks at the dump site show great temporal and spatial heterogeneity and 3） the model of Robinia pseudoacacia x Pinus tabulaeformis × Caragana korshinskii in the anaphase is the best among several reclamation models studied. Therefore, with the extension of reclamation time, the correct choice of a reclamation model is quite helpful for the improvement of the self-renewal ability of soil seed banks and for the stability of the ecosystem, which is very important for land reclamation and ecological rehabilitation of the dump sites of the ATB opencast coal mine.展开更多
为了更深入的了解复垦地不同植物配置模式的群落学特征,更好的进行复垦地不同植物配置模式物种多样性监测,采用CTFS(Centre for Tropical Forest Science)样地建立标准,于2010年在安太堡露天矿区排土场复垦地建立了刺槐+油松混交林配置...为了更深入的了解复垦地不同植物配置模式的群落学特征,更好的进行复垦地不同植物配置模式物种多样性监测,采用CTFS(Centre for Tropical Forest Science)样地建立标准,于2010年在安太堡露天矿区排土场复垦地建立了刺槐+油松混交林配置模式的固定监测样地。通过对野外调查资料的初步分析以及与复垦初期种植模式对比研究得出:复垦17年后,样地内除刺槐和油松外,还有入侵定居种榆树,共10073个活个体,样地内整体存活情况较好,枯死个体仅占样地内个体总数的0.7%。复垦17年后样地优势种为刺槐,从胸高断面积和重要值方面均表现出明显的优势度。样地内所有个体径级呈明显倒"J"型分布,总体更新状况较好;各树种的径级结构呈峰型或"L"型。在树种的空间分布格局上,初期种植刺槐和油松均呈明显均匀分布,复垦17年后刺槐、油松和榆树的空间分布与种子性质和生境密切相关,且由于初期植被根系覆盖率低,地形土壤条件较不稳定,自然滑动及雨水冲刷造成了复垦17年后刺槐和油松个体发生了一定的位移。展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 90010017 and No. 40272071）the National Major Fundamental Research and Development Project （2006 CB200304）.
文摘Concentrations of seventeen hazardous trace elements including As, Pb, Hg, Se, Cd, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni, U, V, Th, Be, Sb, Br and Zn in the No.ll coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi Province were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis （INAA）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （CV-AAS） and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （GF-AAS）. Comparisons with average concentrations of trace elements in Chinese coal show that the concentrations of Hg and Cd in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine are much higher. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of utilization. The variations of the trace elements contents and pyritic suffur in vertical section indicated that： （a） the concentrations of As, Pb, Mn, and pyritic sulfur decrease from roof to floor; （b） the concentrations of Cr, Zn and Mo are higher in roof, floor and lower in coal seam; （c） the concentration of Br, Sb, and Hg are higher in coal seam and lower in roof and floor; （d） the concentrations of Mo, V, Th and AI vary consistently with the ash yield. Cluster analysis of trace elements, pyritic sulfur, ash yield and major elements, such as AI, Fe, P, Ca shows that： （a） pyritic sulfur, Fe, As, Mn, Ni, Be are closely associated and reflect the influence of pyrite; （b） Mo, Se, Pb, Cr, Th, Co, Ca and A! are related to clay mineral, which is the main source of ash; （c） U, Zn, V, Na, P maybe controlled by phosphate or halite; （d） Hg, Br, Sb and Cd may be mainly organic-associated elements which fall outside the three main groups. The concentration distribution characteristics of trace elements in coal seam and the cluster analysis of major and trace elements showed that the contents of trace elements in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, are mainly controlled by detrital input and migration from roof and floor.
基金Projects 40071077 and 40471132 supported by National Natural Science foundation of China
文摘A seed germinating method was used to study soil seed banks in dump sites of the Antaibao opencast mine for soil reclamation and ecological rehabilitation. Based on a richness index, a diversity index and an evenness index, the diversity of species of soil seed banks was studied. As well, the progress of vegetation succession in this thoroughly destroyed ecosystem is discussed and the self-renewal ability of the soil seed banks is analyzed. The results indicate that 1） there are 17 plant species belonging to five families with annuals as the dominant species; 2） the soil seed banks at the dump site show great temporal and spatial heterogeneity and 3） the model of Robinia pseudoacacia x Pinus tabulaeformis × Caragana korshinskii in the anaphase is the best among several reclamation models studied. Therefore, with the extension of reclamation time, the correct choice of a reclamation model is quite helpful for the improvement of the self-renewal ability of soil seed banks and for the stability of the ecosystem, which is very important for land reclamation and ecological rehabilitation of the dump sites of the ATB opencast coal mine.
文摘为了更深入的了解复垦地不同植物配置模式的群落学特征,更好的进行复垦地不同植物配置模式物种多样性监测,采用CTFS(Centre for Tropical Forest Science)样地建立标准,于2010年在安太堡露天矿区排土场复垦地建立了刺槐+油松混交林配置模式的固定监测样地。通过对野外调查资料的初步分析以及与复垦初期种植模式对比研究得出:复垦17年后,样地内除刺槐和油松外,还有入侵定居种榆树,共10073个活个体,样地内整体存活情况较好,枯死个体仅占样地内个体总数的0.7%。复垦17年后样地优势种为刺槐,从胸高断面积和重要值方面均表现出明显的优势度。样地内所有个体径级呈明显倒"J"型分布,总体更新状况较好;各树种的径级结构呈峰型或"L"型。在树种的空间分布格局上,初期种植刺槐和油松均呈明显均匀分布,复垦17年后刺槐、油松和榆树的空间分布与种子性质和生境密切相关,且由于初期植被根系覆盖率低,地形土壤条件较不稳定,自然滑动及雨水冲刷造成了复垦17年后刺槐和油松个体发生了一定的位移。
