A cathepsin B-like proteinase was purified from eggs of Antheraea pernyi by 5 steps of purification. The molecular mass of the proteinase are estimated to be 47 kDa by using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis. Th...A cathepsin B-like proteinase was purified from eggs of Antheraea pernyi by 5 steps of purification. The molecular mass of the proteinase are estimated to be 47 kDa by using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis. The activity of the purified proteinase were strongly inhibited by E-64 and Leupeptin. The optimum pH is 3.5 as determined by using the bovine hemo-globin as substrate. The activity and quantity of the proteinase during embryo development were studied. The results suggested that the proteolytic activities during embryo development at least partially came from this proteinase.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts (MZAPE) could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided i...AIM: To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts (MZAPE) could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group, a MZAPE group, and a radiation plus MZAPE group. With the tumor model established by implanting Walker-256 ascites tumor cells, tumor weight and tumor control rate were calculated. The rats in the simple radiation and radiation plus MZAPE groups were underwent to radiation at 10 Gy within 2 d. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the MZAPE was gavaged at a dose of 16.53 mg/kg once a day for 7 d. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 8th d. RESULTS: The tumor weight of simple radiation group, MZAPE group and radiation plus MZAPE group was lower than that of control group (P 〈 0.01) and tumor control rates were 63.08% ± 6.43%, 69.86%± 7.12% and 35.30% ± 7.67%, respectively. CD^4+ T and CD^8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of the simple radiation group were fewer than in control group. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the number of CD^4+ T cells was higher while CD^8+ T cells was lower than in the control and simple radiation groups. Expression of IL-2 and INF-y in the radiation group was lower than in control group, and significantly enhanced during MZAPE therapy (P 〈 0.05). Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the radiation group had no significant changes compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after MZAPE treatment (P 〈 0.01). CONCLUSION: MZAPE administration may help improve the immune function of the radiated tumor-bearing rats and reverse the radiation-induced immune inhibition by promoting the proliferation of T helper cells and inducing the transdifferentiation from Th2 to Th1.展开更多
AIM: To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS: For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (control group) and th...AIM: To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS: For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (control group) and three tested groups that were administered different dosages of concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyiand food for 15 d. The typical FSR and HC50 value, monocybe-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated monocyte-phagocytic exponent were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS: Alter 24 and 48 h, the FSR values of the three tested groups improved significantly in comparison to the conlyol group by variance analysis. The HCso values showed a significant difference between the high dosage group and the control group, as well as between the high dosage group and other two bested groups. The monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated exponent α showed rising tendencies, but no significant differences were found by variance analysis.CONCLUSION: The concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pemyican significantly enhance cellular and humoral immune function in mice, but has no distinct influence on the monocyte-phagocytic system in mice.展开更多
Exogenous DNA expressing green fluorescent protein( GFP) and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate( FITC) was used to transform the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi( A. pernyi)via sperm-mediated gene transfer( ...Exogenous DNA expressing green fluorescent protein( GFP) and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate( FITC) was used to transform the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi( A. pernyi)via sperm-mediated gene transfer( SMGT). Sperms entry into the female reproductive system and eggs were observed using fluorescence microscopy. The ability of A. pernyi sperms to uptake exogenous DNA was confirmed,and transfer of the exogenous DNA was shown by GFP expression in the transgenic eggs. Our result suggested that SMGT could also be used to directly generate transgenic A. pernyi expressing functional genes of interest.展开更多
Objective: Cancer patients undergoing large dose radiotherapy exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity that are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. ...Objective: Cancer patients undergoing large dose radiotherapy exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity that are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. The immune impairment may also constitute a barrier to effective immunotherapeutic interventions. Here, we evaluate whether supplementation with the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts could enhance immune function in irradiated rats. Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group and a treatment group. The mice in the simple irradiation and treatment groups were given whole-chest irradiation with 6Gy. In the treatment group, the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts was gavaged at the doses of 16.53mg/kg (large dose group), 2.62mg/kg (medium dose group), and 0.564mg/kg (small dose group) once a day for 14 days. The thymus and spleen indices were calculated. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 15th day. Results: The thymus index and spleen index of the high dose treatment group were statistically lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the radiation group (P〈0.01). CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood were increased in the high dose treatment group and decreased in the radiation group (P〈0.01). Expression of IL-2 and INF-T in the radiation group was lower than that in control, and significantly increased during therapy. The production of IL-4 and IL-10 could be induced by radiation and was inhibited in the high dose treatment group (P〈0.01). Conclusion: Our data indicate that the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts may be administrated to improve immune function in irradiated rats and reverse the radial immune inhibition of rats by stimulating the proliferation of Th ceils and inducing the differentiation of Th2 to Th1.展开更多
In the present study, zooblooting, ELISA, and whole-mount immunocytochemistry methods were used to identify the FXPRLamide family neuropeptides from the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai. The results showed tha...In the present study, zooblooting, ELISA, and whole-mount immunocytochemistry methods were used to identify the FXPRLamide family neuropeptides from the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai. The results showed that the genomic DNA from A. yamamai showed positive bands after being hybridized with the fragment of DH-PBAN cDNA from Samia cynthia ricini, which was labeled with [α-32p]-dCTP. The SG showed highest FXPRLamide peptides titer in neural organs. Using an antiserum against Helicoverpa armigera PBAN, PBAN-like immunoreactivity was detected in the SG and TG of A. yamamai by whole-mount immunocytochemistry, and there were three cluster cells in the SG which shows positive PBAN-like immunoreactivity. The titers of FXPRLamide peptides immunoreactivity in the hemolymph were kept at a steady level. During pupation, the titer was increased promptly, but then decreased to a low level after the early pupal stage. The above-mentioned results demonstrate the existence of FXPRLamide family peptides in A. yamamai, but its function needs to be further investigated in the future.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to identify the immune system-related TOLL-like receptor family gene of Aherea pernyi, to lay the foundation for further investigating the immune mechanism of Antherea perny/. [ Method] ...[ Objective ] This study aimed to identify the immune system-related TOLL-like receptor family gene of Aherea pernyi, to lay the foundation for further investigating the immune mechanism of Antherea perny/. [ Method] Immune system-related TOLL-like receptor family gene of Antherea perny/was cloned for se- quencing and phylogenetic analysis ; in addition, expression variations of TOLL-like receptor family gene in Antherea pernyi infected with Nosema pernyi and Nosema bombycis were detected to analyze the differences in immunological reactivity of Antherea pernyi to Nosema infection. [ Result] Based on cDNA cloning and sequen- cing, an immune system-related gene fragment was isolated from Antherea pernyi, which is the most homologous to the ToUl gene in Toll signaling pathway of Bom- byx mot/according to the sequencing result and phylogenetic analysis, which is named ApTolll gene. Subsequently, Antherea pernyi pupae were injected respective- ly with Nosema bombycis and Nosema pernyi, fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that ApTolll was abundantly expressed in Antherea pernyi pupa 2 h after Nosema bombycis injection, which began to express in Antherea pernyi pupa 11 h after Nosema pernyi injection, indicating that the immune response time induced by various Nosema strains varies in Toll signaling pathway of Antherea perny/. [ Conclusion ] ApTolll gene of Antherea perny/was first cloned in this study, which provides reference for further investigating the immune mechanism of Antherea pernyi.展开更多
The polyhedrin (polh) gene is often used to analyse evolution of baculovirus. In this report, the polh of Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedro-virus (AnpeNPV) was cloned and sequenced. The Open reading frame (ORF) of the ...The polyhedrin (polh) gene is often used to analyse evolution of baculovirus. In this report, the polh of Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedro-virus (AnpeNPV) was cloned and sequenced. The Open reading frame (ORF) of the AnpeNPV consists of 738 nucleotides encoding 245 amino acids with molecular masses of 29 kDa. The deduced amino acids were significant homol-ogy with other baculoviruses, such as Attacus ricini NPV (ArNPV) and Autographa californica NPV (AcNPV). A strongly hydrophilic region was predicted at positions from 30 to 50 of the An-peNPV Polh protein by bioinformatics analysis. Expression of the polh gene of AnpeNPV in E. coli was examined by SDS–PAGE, Western blot and Mass-spectrum analysis. The result showed that the bacterium expression system was suitable for the virus gene expression. It indi-cated that the products of the polh gene ex-pressed in this system can be easier to use for raising antibodies.展开更多
A 1.4Kb DNA fragment containing 3’ flanking sequence of fibroin gene of silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, was obtained from the silk gland’s mRNA of 5 th larva. Analysis of this sequence with another A.pernyi fibroin prot...A 1.4Kb DNA fragment containing 3’ flanking sequence of fibroin gene of silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, was obtained from the silk gland’s mRNA of 5 th larva. Analysis of this sequence with another A.pernyi fibroin protein (accession No. D83241) revealed that it consists of a completely open reading frame (ORF), which includes 14 polyalanine-containing units (motifs) and 100bp 3’-UTR. The sequence of the predicted amino acid reveals the highest level of overall identity (90%) with D83241. It was found that it loses a repeat region at the upstream of TAA codon and some mutations. A putative polyadenylation signal AATAAA tail was found in position 1300, which follows the termination codon.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different temperature and starvation stress on the expression of AaHsp90 and reveal the molecular mechanism of adaptation to environment in Antheraea assama.[Methods]Taking th...[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different temperature and starvation stress on the expression of AaHsp90 and reveal the molecular mechanism of adaptation to environment in Antheraea assama.[Methods]Taking the normal feeding group at 26℃as the control,the expression change of AaHsp90 was detected by real-time PCR in midgut,fat body and hemlymph after high temperature stress at 38℃,low temperature stress at 4℃and starvation stress separately for different time on the third day of the fifth larvae.[Results]The expression of AaHsp90 in midgut,fat body and hemlymph of Antheraea assama were increased obviously at first and then decreased sharply with the prolongation of treatment time at 38℃.There has a certain inhibitory effect on the expression of AaHsp90 in midgut,fat body and hemolymph after treatment with 4℃for different time.After treatment with starvation,the AaHsp90 expression were increased at 12 and 18 h and decreased sharply at 24 h in midgut,fat body and hemolymph of A.assama.[Conclusions]Comprehensive analysis showed that high temperature and starvation stress can induce the expression of AaHsp90,while low temperature stress mainly suppressed its expression.It was suggested that the AaHsp90 protein may play an important role in the process of adaptation to high temperature and starvation stress in A.assama.展开更多
Commercially important polyphagous tropical tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury is distributed along central India (12-31 ° N latitude, 72-96° E longitude), which on adaptation formed in to forty fo...Commercially important polyphagous tropical tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury is distributed along central India (12-31 ° N latitude, 72-96° E longitude), which on adaptation formed in to forty four ecoraces of varied phenotypes. Its wild ecoraces like Raily, Modal, Jata, Sarihan, Laria, Bhandara and Andhra, besides domesticated Daba and Sukinda are contributing for livelihood of forest based aboriginals. However, the deforestation and extensive collection of nature grown cocoons led to declination of wild population and even have endangered few ecoraces. The government and Non Government Organizations (NGOs), although promote ecorace conservation, it could upkeep the insect wildlife only to limited extent. But the forest department with associated self help societies has advantage in conserving tasar insect as prospective forest wealth, with better knowledge and access to its habitats. The co-ordinate efforts from forest, sericulture departments to participate native aboriginals of such societies can facilitate conserving tasar-biodiversity as most feasible forest associated resource.展开更多
A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrat...A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrate,the optimum pH was determine3d at 3.5.Unaffected by EDTA and DipF, the activity of the proteinase was strongly inhibited by E64 and other thiol blocking reagents. It is thus very likely to be a cysteine proteinase. Activity of the proteinas. was found to be increasing in developing oocyte.展开更多
Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog ...Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog (i.e. methoprene) alone and combined treatment with these two chemicals, vitellogenin (Vg) titers in the fat body and haemolymph at the pupal stage were mostly higher than those of the control, indicating that both ecdysteroid and JH exerted a promoting effect on the synthesis of Vg. In contrast, the Vg uptake was markedly inhibited by JH while stimulating effect of the ecdysteroid could be shown that vitellin (Vt) titer in the ovary was lower after methoprene treatments, but higher after 20 hydroxyecdyson treatments. Meanwhile, effects of these two hormones on Vg synthesis in the fat body were also tested with the incubation in vitro with Grace medium containing 3H leucine and the hormones. The results demonstrated that Vg synthesis was stimulated after treating with methoprene alone or 20 hydroxyecdysone alone and combined treating with these two chemicals, and particularly ecdysteroid had more marked positive effect. To comprehensively concluded our results, it could be regarded that ecdysteroid play the main role in the regulation of vitellogenesis for the Japanese oak silkworm.展开更多
Some active antibacterial substances, such as antibacterial peptide lysozymes and agglutinin were induced and developed from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm(Antheraea pernyi) pupae injected with Escherichia...Some active antibacterial substances, such as antibacterial peptide lysozymes and agglutinin were induced and developed from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm(Antheraea pernyi) pupae injected with Escherichia coli or treated with ultrasonic waves. The antibacterial peptide from A. pernyi was isolated, purified, and its amino acid sequence was also determined. The inducible antibacterial substances have marked展开更多
The sol-gel transition behavior of Antherae pernyi silk fibroin(Ap-SF) has not been systematically investigated.In this work,the influence of environmental temperature,pH,the concentration of Ap-SF,K+ and Ca2+ on the ...The sol-gel transition behavior of Antherae pernyi silk fibroin(Ap-SF) has not been systematically investigated.In this work,the influence of environmental temperature,pH,the concentration of Ap-SF,K+ and Ca2+ on the gelation time,and the structural changes of Ap-SF in sol-gel transformation were studied.The results indicated that the gelation time of the Ap-SF aqueous solution decreased with the increase of the Ap-SF concentration and environmental temperature.The sol-gel transformation of Ap-SF was much more rapid than that of Bombyx mori silk fibroin under the same conditions.The Ap-SF was sensitive to changes in the concentration of Ca2+ and K+.Upon gelation,the random coil structure of the Ap-SF was significantly transformed into the β-sheet structure.展开更多
I.INTRODUCTION The sensilla trichodea has been accepted as the receiver of sex pheromone in Lepidotera moths. In Antheraea polyphemus and A. pemyi, there are at least two types of sensilla trichodea with different len...I.INTRODUCTION The sensilla trichodea has been accepted as the receiver of sex pheromone in Lepidotera moths. In Antheraea polyphemus and A. pemyi, there are at least two types of sensilla trichodea with different lengths which are called the long and short sensilla trichodea. Two pheromone components (E-6, Z-11-16 :Ac, E-6, Z-11-16:Al) are known of A. polyphemus.展开更多
The antibacterial peptide D (ABP-D) was induced from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm (Antheraea pemyi). It has a marked inhibition effect on some human, insect and plant pathogenic bacteria. In order to syn...The antibacterial peptide D (ABP-D) was induced from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm (Antheraea pemyi). It has a marked inhibition effect on some human, insect and plant pathogenic bacteria. In order to synthesize a large amount of ABP-D in microorganism by recombinant DNA technology, here we report the synthesis of the ABP-D gene.展开更多
To understand the evolutionary conservation ofthe gene expression mechanism and secretion machinery between Antheraea and Bombyx fibroins, we introduced the genomic A. yamamai fibroin gene into the domesticated silkwo...To understand the evolutionary conservation ofthe gene expression mechanism and secretion machinery between Antheraea and Bombyx fibroins, we introduced the genomic A. yamamai fibroin gene into the domesticated silkworm, B. mori. The spliced A. yamamai fibroin mRNA appeared only in the posterior region of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm, suggesting that the functions of the fibroin promoter region and the splicing machinery are conserved between these two species. The A. yamarnai fibroin protein was detected in the lumen of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm, albeit at lower levels compared with the B. mori-type fibroin. We found a strong degeneration of the posterior region of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm. As a result, the cocoon shell weight was much lower in the transgenic silkworm than in the non-transgenic line. These results indicate that the promoter function and splicing machinery are well conserved between A. yamamai and B. mori but that the secretion mechanism of fibroin is diversified between the two.展开更多
Insects have higher adaptability and defence functions compared with mammal animals. The lysozyme and antibacterial substances can be induced from the heamolymph by injecting bacteria into the insects, such as Bombyx ...Insects have higher adaptability and defence functions compared with mammal animals. The lysozyme and antibacterial substances can be induced from the heamolymph by injecting bacteria into the insects, such as Bombyx mori, Hyalophora cecropia, Antheraea pernyi, Samia cynthia ricini, etc. The inducible展开更多
文摘A cathepsin B-like proteinase was purified from eggs of Antheraea pernyi by 5 steps of purification. The molecular mass of the proteinase are estimated to be 47 kDa by using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis. The activity of the purified proteinase were strongly inhibited by E-64 and Leupeptin. The optimum pH is 3.5 as determined by using the bovine hemo-globin as substrate. The activity and quantity of the proteinase during embryo development were studied. The results suggested that the proteolytic activities during embryo development at least partially came from this proteinase.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30472260the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province, No. 2005-109
文摘AIM: To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts (MZAPE) could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group, a MZAPE group, and a radiation plus MZAPE group. With the tumor model established by implanting Walker-256 ascites tumor cells, tumor weight and tumor control rate were calculated. The rats in the simple radiation and radiation plus MZAPE groups were underwent to radiation at 10 Gy within 2 d. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the MZAPE was gavaged at a dose of 16.53 mg/kg once a day for 7 d. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 8th d. RESULTS: The tumor weight of simple radiation group, MZAPE group and radiation plus MZAPE group was lower than that of control group (P 〈 0.01) and tumor control rates were 63.08% ± 6.43%, 69.86%± 7.12% and 35.30% ± 7.67%, respectively. CD^4+ T and CD^8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of the simple radiation group were fewer than in control group. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the number of CD^4+ T cells was higher while CD^8+ T cells was lower than in the control and simple radiation groups. Expression of IL-2 and INF-y in the radiation group was lower than in control group, and significantly enhanced during MZAPE therapy (P 〈 0.05). Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the radiation group had no significant changes compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after MZAPE treatment (P 〈 0.01). CONCLUSION: MZAPE administration may help improve the immune function of the radiated tumor-bearing rats and reverse the radiation-induced immune inhibition by promoting the proliferation of T helper cells and inducing the transdifferentiation from Th2 to Th1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30472260
文摘AIM: To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS: For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (control group) and three tested groups that were administered different dosages of concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyiand food for 15 d. The typical FSR and HC50 value, monocybe-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated monocyte-phagocytic exponent were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS: Alter 24 and 48 h, the FSR values of the three tested groups improved significantly in comparison to the conlyol group by variance analysis. The HCso values showed a significant difference between the high dosage group and the control group, as well as between the high dosage group and other two bested groups. The monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated exponent α showed rising tendencies, but no significant differences were found by variance analysis.CONCLUSION: The concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pemyican significantly enhance cellular and humoral immune function in mice, but has no distinct influence on the monocyte-phagocytic system in mice.
基金Scientific Research Project for High Schools of the Educational Department of Liaoning Province,China(No.2008643)
文摘Exogenous DNA expressing green fluorescent protein( GFP) and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate( FITC) was used to transform the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi( A. pernyi)via sperm-mediated gene transfer( SMGT). Sperms entry into the female reproductive system and eggs were observed using fluorescence microscopy. The ability of A. pernyi sperms to uptake exogenous DNA was confirmed,and transfer of the exogenous DNA was shown by GFP expression in the transgenic eggs. Our result suggested that SMGT could also be used to directly generate transgenic A. pernyi expressing functional genes of interest.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science foundation of China(No.30472260)the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province,China(No.2005-109)the Health Protection Committee of Shandong Province,China(No.2006059).
文摘Objective: Cancer patients undergoing large dose radiotherapy exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity that are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. The immune impairment may also constitute a barrier to effective immunotherapeutic interventions. Here, we evaluate whether supplementation with the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts could enhance immune function in irradiated rats. Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group and a treatment group. The mice in the simple irradiation and treatment groups were given whole-chest irradiation with 6Gy. In the treatment group, the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts was gavaged at the doses of 16.53mg/kg (large dose group), 2.62mg/kg (medium dose group), and 0.564mg/kg (small dose group) once a day for 14 days. The thymus and spleen indices were calculated. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 15th day. Results: The thymus index and spleen index of the high dose treatment group were statistically lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the radiation group (P〈0.01). CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood were increased in the high dose treatment group and decreased in the radiation group (P〈0.01). Expression of IL-2 and INF-T in the radiation group was lower than that in control, and significantly increased during therapy. The production of IL-4 and IL-10 could be induced by radiation and was inhibited in the high dose treatment group (P〈0.01). Conclusion: Our data indicate that the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts may be administrated to improve immune function in irradiated rats and reverse the radial immune inhibition of rats by stimulating the proliferation of Th ceils and inducing the differentiation of Th2 to Th1.
基金Acknowledgements This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for the Natural Scientific Foundation (30500374) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Key Research Program of Anhui Province, China (05021003).
文摘In the present study, zooblooting, ELISA, and whole-mount immunocytochemistry methods were used to identify the FXPRLamide family neuropeptides from the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai. The results showed that the genomic DNA from A. yamamai showed positive bands after being hybridized with the fragment of DH-PBAN cDNA from Samia cynthia ricini, which was labeled with [α-32p]-dCTP. The SG showed highest FXPRLamide peptides titer in neural organs. Using an antiserum against Helicoverpa armigera PBAN, PBAN-like immunoreactivity was detected in the SG and TG of A. yamamai by whole-mount immunocytochemistry, and there were three cluster cells in the SG which shows positive PBAN-like immunoreactivity. The titers of FXPRLamide peptides immunoreactivity in the hemolymph were kept at a steady level. During pupation, the titer was increased promptly, but then decreased to a low level after the early pupal stage. The above-mentioned results demonstrate the existence of FXPRLamide family peptides in A. yamamai, but its function needs to be further investigated in the future.
基金Supported by Key Project of Ministry of Education of China(210180)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31001037)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to identify the immune system-related TOLL-like receptor family gene of Aherea pernyi, to lay the foundation for further investigating the immune mechanism of Antherea perny/. [ Method] Immune system-related TOLL-like receptor family gene of Antherea perny/was cloned for se- quencing and phylogenetic analysis ; in addition, expression variations of TOLL-like receptor family gene in Antherea pernyi infected with Nosema pernyi and Nosema bombycis were detected to analyze the differences in immunological reactivity of Antherea pernyi to Nosema infection. [ Result] Based on cDNA cloning and sequen- cing, an immune system-related gene fragment was isolated from Antherea pernyi, which is the most homologous to the ToUl gene in Toll signaling pathway of Bom- byx mot/according to the sequencing result and phylogenetic analysis, which is named ApTolll gene. Subsequently, Antherea pernyi pupae were injected respective- ly with Nosema bombycis and Nosema pernyi, fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that ApTolll was abundantly expressed in Antherea pernyi pupa 2 h after Nosema bombycis injection, which began to express in Antherea pernyi pupa 11 h after Nosema pernyi injection, indicating that the immune response time induced by various Nosema strains varies in Toll signaling pathway of Antherea perny/. [ Conclusion ] ApTolll gene of Antherea perny/was first cloned in this study, which provides reference for further investigating the immune mechanism of Antherea pernyi.
文摘The polyhedrin (polh) gene is often used to analyse evolution of baculovirus. In this report, the polh of Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedro-virus (AnpeNPV) was cloned and sequenced. The Open reading frame (ORF) of the AnpeNPV consists of 738 nucleotides encoding 245 amino acids with molecular masses of 29 kDa. The deduced amino acids were significant homol-ogy with other baculoviruses, such as Attacus ricini NPV (ArNPV) and Autographa californica NPV (AcNPV). A strongly hydrophilic region was predicted at positions from 30 to 50 of the An-peNPV Polh protein by bioinformatics analysis. Expression of the polh gene of AnpeNPV in E. coli was examined by SDS–PAGE, Western blot and Mass-spectrum analysis. The result showed that the bacterium expression system was suitable for the virus gene expression. It indi-cated that the products of the polh gene ex-pressed in this system can be easier to use for raising antibodies.
文摘A 1.4Kb DNA fragment containing 3’ flanking sequence of fibroin gene of silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, was obtained from the silk gland’s mRNA of 5 th larva. Analysis of this sequence with another A.pernyi fibroin protein (accession No. D83241) revealed that it consists of a completely open reading frame (ORF), which includes 14 polyalanine-containing units (motifs) and 100bp 3’-UTR. The sequence of the predicted amino acid reveals the highest level of overall identity (90%) with D83241. It was found that it loses a repeat region at the upstream of TAA codon and some mutations. A putative polyadenylation signal AATAAA tail was found in position 1300, which follows the termination codon.
基金Supported by Special Basic Cooperative Research Programs of Yunnan Provincial Undergraduate Universities Association (2021BA070001-070)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (202201AT070226).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different temperature and starvation stress on the expression of AaHsp90 and reveal the molecular mechanism of adaptation to environment in Antheraea assama.[Methods]Taking the normal feeding group at 26℃as the control,the expression change of AaHsp90 was detected by real-time PCR in midgut,fat body and hemlymph after high temperature stress at 38℃,low temperature stress at 4℃and starvation stress separately for different time on the third day of the fifth larvae.[Results]The expression of AaHsp90 in midgut,fat body and hemlymph of Antheraea assama were increased obviously at first and then decreased sharply with the prolongation of treatment time at 38℃.There has a certain inhibitory effect on the expression of AaHsp90 in midgut,fat body and hemolymph after treatment with 4℃for different time.After treatment with starvation,the AaHsp90 expression were increased at 12 and 18 h and decreased sharply at 24 h in midgut,fat body and hemolymph of A.assama.[Conclusions]Comprehensive analysis showed that high temperature and starvation stress can induce the expression of AaHsp90,while low temperature stress mainly suppressed its expression.It was suggested that the AaHsp90 protein may play an important role in the process of adaptation to high temperature and starvation stress in A.assama.
文摘Commercially important polyphagous tropical tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury is distributed along central India (12-31 ° N latitude, 72-96° E longitude), which on adaptation formed in to forty four ecoraces of varied phenotypes. Its wild ecoraces like Raily, Modal, Jata, Sarihan, Laria, Bhandara and Andhra, besides domesticated Daba and Sukinda are contributing for livelihood of forest based aboriginals. However, the deforestation and extensive collection of nature grown cocoons led to declination of wild population and even have endangered few ecoraces. The government and Non Government Organizations (NGOs), although promote ecorace conservation, it could upkeep the insect wildlife only to limited extent. But the forest department with associated self help societies has advantage in conserving tasar insect as prospective forest wealth, with better knowledge and access to its habitats. The co-ordinate efforts from forest, sericulture departments to participate native aboriginals of such societies can facilitate conserving tasar-biodiversity as most feasible forest associated resource.
文摘A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrate,the optimum pH was determine3d at 3.5.Unaffected by EDTA and DipF, the activity of the proteinase was strongly inhibited by E64 and other thiol blocking reagents. It is thus very likely to be a cysteine proteinase. Activity of the proteinas. was found to be increasing in developing oocyte.
文摘Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog (i.e. methoprene) alone and combined treatment with these two chemicals, vitellogenin (Vg) titers in the fat body and haemolymph at the pupal stage were mostly higher than those of the control, indicating that both ecdysteroid and JH exerted a promoting effect on the synthesis of Vg. In contrast, the Vg uptake was markedly inhibited by JH while stimulating effect of the ecdysteroid could be shown that vitellin (Vt) titer in the ovary was lower after methoprene treatments, but higher after 20 hydroxyecdyson treatments. Meanwhile, effects of these two hormones on Vg synthesis in the fat body were also tested with the incubation in vitro with Grace medium containing 3H leucine and the hormones. The results demonstrated that Vg synthesis was stimulated after treating with methoprene alone or 20 hydroxyecdysone alone and combined treating with these two chemicals, and particularly ecdysteroid had more marked positive effect. To comprehensively concluded our results, it could be regarded that ecdysteroid play the main role in the regulation of vitellogenesis for the Japanese oak silkworm.
基金Project supported by the Science Fund of Academia Sinica
文摘Some active antibacterial substances, such as antibacterial peptide lysozymes and agglutinin were induced and developed from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm(Antheraea pernyi) pupae injected with Escherichia coli or treated with ultrasonic waves. The antibacterial peptide from A. pernyi was isolated, purified, and its amino acid sequence was also determined. The inducible antibacterial substances have marked
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No 2005CB623902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 30970714)College Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No 07KJA43010)
文摘The sol-gel transition behavior of Antherae pernyi silk fibroin(Ap-SF) has not been systematically investigated.In this work,the influence of environmental temperature,pH,the concentration of Ap-SF,K+ and Ca2+ on the gelation time,and the structural changes of Ap-SF in sol-gel transformation were studied.The results indicated that the gelation time of the Ap-SF aqueous solution decreased with the increase of the Ap-SF concentration and environmental temperature.The sol-gel transformation of Ap-SF was much more rapid than that of Bombyx mori silk fibroin under the same conditions.The Ap-SF was sensitive to changes in the concentration of Ca2+ and K+.Upon gelation,the random coil structure of the Ap-SF was significantly transformed into the β-sheet structure.
基金Project supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘I.INTRODUCTION The sensilla trichodea has been accepted as the receiver of sex pheromone in Lepidotera moths. In Antheraea polyphemus and A. pemyi, there are at least two types of sensilla trichodea with different lengths which are called the long and short sensilla trichodea. Two pheromone components (E-6, Z-11-16 :Ac, E-6, Z-11-16:Al) are known of A. polyphemus.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The antibacterial peptide D (ABP-D) was induced from the haemolymph of the Chinese oak silkworm (Antheraea pemyi). It has a marked inhibition effect on some human, insect and plant pathogenic bacteria. In order to synthesize a large amount of ABP-D in microorganism by recombinant DNA technology, here we report the synthesis of the ABP-D gene.
文摘To understand the evolutionary conservation ofthe gene expression mechanism and secretion machinery between Antheraea and Bombyx fibroins, we introduced the genomic A. yamamai fibroin gene into the domesticated silkworm, B. mori. The spliced A. yamamai fibroin mRNA appeared only in the posterior region of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm, suggesting that the functions of the fibroin promoter region and the splicing machinery are conserved between these two species. The A. yamarnai fibroin protein was detected in the lumen of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm, albeit at lower levels compared with the B. mori-type fibroin. We found a strong degeneration of the posterior region of the silk gland of the transgenic silkworm. As a result, the cocoon shell weight was much lower in the transgenic silkworm than in the non-transgenic line. These results indicate that the promoter function and splicing machinery are well conserved between A. yamamai and B. mori but that the secretion mechanism of fibroin is diversified between the two.
文摘Insects have higher adaptability and defence functions compared with mammal animals. The lysozyme and antibacterial substances can be induced from the heamolymph by injecting bacteria into the insects, such as Bombyx mori, Hyalophora cecropia, Antheraea pernyi, Samia cynthia ricini, etc. The inducible