Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Cotinus coggygria Scop.extracts in vivo

Objective:To assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of standardized extract of Cotinus coggygria(C.coggygria)in different animal models.Methods:C.coggygria extracts(25,50,and 100 mg/kg)were administered to rats and mice(n=6)during hot plate,tail-flick,acetic acid-induced writhing,and formalin tests to determine its analgesic efficacy.The anti-inflammatory activity of C.coggygria extracts was evaluated by histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema,cotton pellet-induced granuloma,and acetic acid-induced peritoneal capillary dye leakage tests.Results:C.coggygria extracts(50 and 100 mg/kg)significantly alleviated thermal and chemical-induced pain in rodents(P<0.05).It also demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory properties by mitigating histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema,granuloma deposits,and vascular permeability(P<0.05).Moreover,C.coggygria extracts remarkably reduced TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,COX-2,and oxidative stress in rat paws(P<0.05).Carrageenan-induced histological aberrations in hind paw tissues were effectively(P<0.05)mitigated by treatment with C.coggygria extracts.Conclusions:C.coggygria Scop.extracts show analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of COX-2 and inflammatory and oxidative mediators.

Anticancer,Anti-inflammatory,Analgesic,and Anxiolytic Effects of Koumine and Their Molecular Mechanisms

Koumine is an indole alkaloid monomer extracted from the Chinese herb Gelsemium elegans,which has a variety of pharmacological effects.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of koumine,with a particular emphasis on its mechanisms of action in the context of anticancer,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,and anxiolytic properties.The aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for further research and the application of koumine in clinical practice.

Study on the Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Mechanisms of Breast Lump Resolution Detergent in a Rat Model of Breast Hyperplasia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was established using injections of estradiol benzoate combined with progesterone. The effects of the breast lump resolution detergent on nipple height and diameter in the rat model were observed, along with its impact on serum levels of estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (P). Additionally, the study examined the morphological changes in breast tissue. The impact of the breast nodule detergent on blood rheology parameters was also observed. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the breast nodule detergent was assessed using the cotton ball granuloma experiment, and the analgesic effect was observed using the writhing test. Results: The breast lump resolution detergent reduced nipple height and diameter in the rat model, decreased serum levels of E2, PRL, and P, and alleviated pathological changes in breast tissue. It also lowered hemorheological parameters including whole blood high, medium, and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell hematocrit, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell deformability index, red blood cell electrophoresis time, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute “blood stasis” rat model. The detergent reduced the weight of cotton ball granulomas in mice and decreased the number of writhing episodes caused by acetic acid. Conclusion: The breast lump resolution detergent demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in treating breast hyperplasia, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, exerting anti-inflammatory properties, and providing analgesic effects. The downregulation of serum E2 and PRL levels and the upregulation of P levels may be critical mechanisms underlying its efficacy.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with gastroprotective effect of semi-purified fractions and isolation of pure compounds from Mediterranean gorgonian Eunicella singularis

Objective: To explore anti-inflammatory activities of organic extract and its semi-purified fractions(ethanol, acetone, methanol/dichloromethane) from the Mediterranean gorgonian Eunicella singularis. Methods: The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were evaluated, using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model and the acetic acid writhing test in mice. The gastroprotective activity was determined using HCl/Et OH induced gastric ulcers in rats. The purification and structure elucidation of compound(s) from the more effective fraction were determined by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods and in comparison with data reported in the literature. Results: The fraction F-Et OH showed an important antiinflammatory activity associated with significant analgesic and gastroprotective properties. The purification and structure elucidation of compound(s) from this fraction lead to the identification of one diterpenoid and four sterols. Conclusions: These results suggested that components from the active fraction can be used to treat various anti-inflammatory diseases.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Passiflora foetida L.

Objective:To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida(P.foetida) leaves.Methods:Ethanol extract of P.foetida leaf was evaluated for analgesic action by acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate method in albino mice.The anti-inflammatory property of ethanolic leaf extract was tested by carrageenan induced acute paw edema and histamine induced acute paw edema in rats.Results:The dose 200 mg/kg of P. foetida leaf extract exhibited highest significant analgesic activity[(13.50±0.43) min]at a reaction time of 20 min in hot plate method in mice.The ethanol extract of leaf dose 100 mg/kg produced a highly significant anti inflammatory effect[(1.302±0.079) mL]in rats.Conclusions:It is very clear that P.foetida also has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities for the pharmaceuticals.

Analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Typhonium trilobatum L.Schott

Objective:To explore the efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract of Typhonium trilobatum L.Schott in treating diarrhea,pain and inflammation using experimental models.Methods:In the present study,acetic acid-induced writhing,xylene-induced ear edema and castor oil-imluced diarrlieal model were used to evaluate the analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities,respectively.Acute toxicity test was carried out to fix the safe doses of the plant extract.Results:The plant extract demonstrated a significant inhibition of writhing(P<0.01)compared with the control group in acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice.The extract also significantly inhibited the xylene induced ear edema formation(P<0.05).In anti-diarrheal test,the extract significantly decreased the frequency of defecation and increased the mean latent period(P<0.0l)in castor oil-induced diarrheal model mice at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight.Conclusions:These results suggest that the extract possesses significant analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities that support to the ethnopharmacologicl uses of this plant.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of the leaves of Helianthus Annus in Wistar rats

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the ethanol extract of leaves of Helianthus annus L.(H.annus) in acclimatized Wistar rats.Methods:It was undertaken using the albumin induced paw edema model of inflammation as well as both the hotplate and tail immersion analgesic test methods.Doses of the extract tested in experimental rats were 0.5 g/kg,2 g/kg and 4 g/kg while negative and positive control rats received distilled water and indomethacin respectively.Results:It was shown that treatment with the tested doses of the extract effectively inhibited paw edema induced by egg albumin.This effect was comparable if not better than the observations made in rats treated with 10 mg/kg of indomethacin orally.Treatment with the extract was also observed to have significantly increased the mean tolerance time of rats to thermal noxious stimuli compared to control animals that had distilled water and appeared to be more effective than 10 mg/kg of indomethacin treatment.Conclusions: These observations confirmed the presence of a strong anti-inflammatory and anti-noiciceptive activity in the ethanol extract of the leaves of H.annus and therefore validated the folkloric use of the leaves of this plant in treatment of pro-inflammatory,post traumatic situations.

Antipyretic,anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of nilavembu kudineer choornam:a classical preparation used in the treatment of chikungunya fever

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of ethanolic extract of nilavembu kudineer choornam (EENKC) in inflammation,pain and fever using animal models to support its actions.Methods: Acute toxicity study of EENKC was performed in mice to fix the effective dose.The antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of EENKC was evaluated in brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia in rats,carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats and acetic-acid induced writhing in mice model.Results:Acute toxicity revealed that EENKC didn’t show death and toxic signs up to 2 000 mg/kg.In brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia and carrageenan-induced inflammation EENKC at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg inhibited fever and inflammation significantly(P【0.01 and【0.05) compared to control animals.In mice,the number of writhing induced by acetic-acid was significantly(P【0.01) reduced after treatment with both the dose of EENKC than control animals. EENKC 200 mg/kg inhibits inflammation higher level in carrageenan-induced paw edema,but there is no significant difference when compared to indomethacin 10 mg/kg.Conclusions:The present findings revealed that EENKC possesses antipyretic,anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity which supports nilavembu kudineer choornam efficacy in chikungunya fever.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Melanthera scandens

Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of leaf extract of Melanthera scandens(M.scandens).Methods:The crude leaf extract(39-111 mg/kg)of M.scandens was investigated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using various experimental models.The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carragenin,egg-albumin induced oedema models,while acetic acid,formalin-induced paw licking and thermal-induced pain models were used to evaluate the antinociceptive property.Results:The extract caused a significant(P<0.05-0.001)dose-dependent reduction of inflammation and pains induced by different agents used.Conclusions:The leaf extract possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects which may be mediated through the phytochemical constituents of the plant.

Phytochemical constituents,analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Triumfetta rhomboidea leaves in animal models

Objective:To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Triumfetta rhomboidea on mice and rats respectively.And to screen the phytochemical constituent of the extract. Methods:The analgesic effect was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice.While the anti-inflammatory activity was determined by egg albumin-induced oedema of the rat paw.Phytochemical screening was done by standard procedures.Results:Triumfetta rhomboidea leaf extract(50 -400 mg/kg) caused a statistically significant inhibition on the egg albumin-induced eodema or inflammation in Wister albino rats with P【0.001(ANOVA).This effect was higher than the observed effect with Piroxicam(0.5 mg/kg) which was used as a standard.The effect was also dose-dependent.Furthermore,Triumfetta rhomboidea extract caused a statistically significant reduction in the number of acetic acid-induced writhing in mice,with P【0.001(ANOVA).These effects were also does-dependent and greater than the analgesic effects by paracetamol which was used as a reference drug.Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids,steroids, triterpenoids alkaloids,tannins and saponins in Truimfetta rhomboidea leaf extract.Conclusion:Triumfetta rhomboidea can be recommended for acute inflammatory disorders and diseases associated with pains.This also supports its traditional use as an anti-snake bite and anti-cancer or anti-tumor agent.Further study is on the way to find out the mechanism of its action and also to isolate,identify and characterize the active principle responsible for these effects in this plant.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Moroccan medicinal plants:Phytochemistry,in vitro and in vivo investigations,mechanism insights,clinical evidences and perspectives

Moroccan medicinal plants exhibit several pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial,anticancer,antidiabetic,analgesic,and anti-inflammatory effects,which are related to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds,including phenolic acids,flavonoids,and terpenoids.In the present review,we systematically evaluate previously published reports on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Moroccan medicinal plants.The in vitro investigations revealed that Moroccan medicinal plants inhibit several enzymes related to inflammatory processes,whereas in vivo studies noted significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects as demonstrated using different experimental models.Various bioactive compounds exhibiting in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects,with diverse mechanisms of action,have been identified.Some plants and their bioactive compounds reveal specific secondary metabolites that possess important anti-inflammatory effects in clinical investigations.Our review proposes the potential applications of Moroccan medicinal plants as sources of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.

Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities on Ethanolic Extract of <i>Terminalia chebula</i>Fruits in Experimental Animal Models

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (commonly known as Haritaki) fruits in experimental animal models. The study was carried out using Swiss Albino mice (20-25 g) and Long Evans rats (100-150 g) of either sex. The analgesic activity of Terminalia chebula was assessed by using hot plate method. For the determination of analgesic effect, doses of ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula used in the present study were 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW). Anti-inflammatory effect was analyzed by carrageenan induced paw edema method with the administration dose of 300 mg/kg BW of animals. The analysis of experimental data was performed by statistical process of ANOVA to determine the variability of sample, while Dunnet’s test was performed for evaluation of comparative analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Terminalia chebula with control and standard. The animals were divided into four treatment groups of six animals each and the “Mean ± SEM” is the statistical identifiable value of the data and P values <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Hot plate test showed a significant increase in the mean reaction time to heat stimuli in hot plate method at both 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg BW doses throughout the observation period in 30 minutes and 60 minutes after treatment, which was comparable to the standard ketorolac and control group. In carrageenan induced paw edema method, considerable results were found after determining the percentage change in paw volume in extract. In both cases of analgesic and anti-inflammatory study, % inhibition of pain and inflammation were evaluated. Comparing with control, largest inhibition was found in inhibiting inflammation 5 hours after treatment, while the largest inhibition of pain was obtained in 30 minutes and 60 minutes after treatment of doses. The present study suggests that ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula fruits has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

A Preliminary Study on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Millettia speciosa and Tinpspora sinensis and Their Compatibility

[Objectives]To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Millettia speciosa and Tinpspora sinensis and their compatibility.[Methods](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,60 SPF-grade Kunming mice were adopted,and the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups at male-female ratio of 1∶1,namely,the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶2(expressed as 1∶2 compatibility group),M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶1(expressed as 1∶1 compatibility group),and M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 2∶1(expressed as 2∶1 compatibility group),12 mice for each group.Mice of the experimental groups were administered at a dose of 20 mL/kg,and the corresponding concentration of the Chinese medicine extract was given at 1 g/mL.The control group was administered with an equal volume of 0.9%physiological saline,and was intragastrically administered once every 24 h for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,intraperitoneal injection of 0.5%glacial acetic acid solution was performed to induce pain.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,60 Kunming female SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,the mice were placed on a hot plate apparatus at(55±0.5)℃.to measure the time of licking their hind feet.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,60 Kunming SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,xylylene was administered to the left ears of mice at a dose of 50μL/piece to induce inflammation.[Results](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,compared with the blank control group,the experimental group showed analgesic effects.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the writhing inhibition rate was 17.65%,20.59%,29.41%,26.47%,and 44.12%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effects.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,compared with the control group,all experimental groups showed analgesic effect.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the pain threshold improvement rates were 16.13%,14.55%,14.96%,29.95%,and 58.68%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effect.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,the swelling degree of the 1∶2 compatibility group was significantly different from that of the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group(P<0.05).and 1∶2 compatibility group showed the most significant anti-inflammatory effect.[Conclusions]M.speciosa,T.sinensis,and their compatibility had anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.The 2∶1 compatibility group had the best analgesic effects,and 1∶2 compatibility group had the best anti-inflammatory effects.

Design and Synthesis of Some Enaminonitrile Derivatives of Antipyrine as Potential Novel Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Agents

The starting (1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)carbon-hydrazonoyl dicyanide (2) was used as a key intermediate for the syntheses of novel acyclic enaminonitriles 3-10. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra). The anti-inflammatory activity data indicated that many of tested compounds protected rats from carrageenan-induced inflammation, and tested compounds 3, 4, 9 and 10 were the most potent among tested compounds. The analgesic activity was determined by the hot plate test (central analgesic activity) and acetic acid induced writhing assay. The results revealed that compounds 3, 4, 9, and 10 exhibited significant activity. However, compound 10 proved to have better or equivalent activities in comparison to the reference drug.

A preliminary study on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of two extracts of pine pollen on anoxia and fatigue resistance

Background:To study the anti-inflammatory,analgesic,fatigue resistant and antihypoxia effects of ethanol extract and water extract of pine pollen.Methods:Two different extracts of pine pollen were prepared into there different concentrations,that is 1.5 mg·mL^-1,4.5 mg·mL^-1 and 7.5 mg·mL^-1 respectively.The extract were studied by xylene-induced ear swelling,acetic acid distortion test and hot plate test.The antihypoxia and antifatigue effects were explored by weight-bearing swimming experiment,routine pressure hypoxia tolerance experiment and liver weight coefficient comparison.Results:Through the study of the four pharmacological effects of ethanol extract and water extract,we found that the anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antithyposia and antifatigue effects of ethanol extract were better than that of water extract.Moreover,the experimental effects significantly improved with the increase of the concentration,and the effect of alcohol increased dose group was accurate(P<0.05).Conclusion:Pine pollen has excellent effects of anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antihypoxia and anti-fatigue.Besides,with the increase of drug concentration,effects tend to be more obvious with positive correlation.

Comparison of Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Fresh and Dry Products of Zhuang Medicine Asystaia gangetica

[Objectives]To compare anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of fresh and dry products of Zhuang medicine Asystaia gangetica on mice.[Methods]Experiments were performed using glacial acetic acid to increase capillary permeability in mice,cotton ball to cause granulomatous formation in mice,xylene to cause auricular swelling in mice,chronic inflammation,and acetic acid-induced pain and hot-plate pain.Besides,the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of fresh and dry products of A.gangetica on mice were observed with the indicators of capillary permeability in the abdominal cavity,swelling rate of auricles,cotton ball granulomas and writhing times,and thermal pain threshold.[Results]Fresh products of A.gangetica had significant inhibitory effects on peritoneal capillary permeability increase in mice induced by glacial acetic acid,mouse auricle swelling induced by xylene,and mouse granuloma formation induced by cotton balls.Dry products of A.gangetica also significantly inhibited the auricle swelling in mice induced by xylene,but the effect intensity was weaker than that of fresh products.In addition,dry products of A.gangetica showed a certain tendency to inhibit the increase of capillary permeability in the abdominal cavity of mice induced by glacial acetic acid.In the analgesic experiment,both fresh and dry products of A.gangetica showed better analgesic effect,but caused pain on the hot plate,and the analgesic effect time of fresh products was shorter than that of dry products.[Conclusions]Both fresh and dry products of Zhuang medicine A.gangetica have certain anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory-analgesic activity of 2',4'-difluoro-3-(carbamoyl)biphenyl-4-yl benzoates

Eighteen 2′,4′-difluoro-3-（carbamoyl）biphenyl-4-yl benzoates were synthesized from diflunisal in three steps with total yields from 72% to 86%. All compounds were identified by IR, 1^H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic activity for 18 compounds were evaluated. The preliminary assay results showed that compounds 4a and 4p exhibited potent anti-inflammatory-analgesic activity.

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of <i>Ceiba pentandra</i>Gaertn

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra Gaertn (Bombacaceae) were recorded in rat and mice. Inflammation was induced by carrageenan and cotton pellet. The pain was studied using analgesymeter, Koster and hot plate Methods. Aqueous extract (400 and 800 mg/kg) of Ceiba pentandra presents a significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Flavono?ds present in the extract seem to be responsible for the activity.

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Total Crude Leaf Extract of <i>Phytolacca dodecandra</i>in Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Pain is a common problem encountered in daily life among humans and animal and it is commonly managed conventionally using modern medicines and traditionally by use of medicinal plants. Phytolacca dodecandra is a common herb in Uganda, used traditionally to alleviate pain and inflammatory conditions. However, its activity in alleviating pain and inflammatory diseases has not been fully scientifically evaluated. Aim of Study: To evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of total crude leaf extracts of P. dodecandra in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: It was a laboratory-based experimental study. Acetic acid-induced writhing test was used to determine the analgesic activity and the histamine-induced paw edema formation for anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. Twenty eight animals were divided into 7 groups each with 4 rats and two (2) sets of data were obtained from each animal per group as per guidance of the refinement rule of 3Rs. For analgesic activity, Group I was dosed with 1.0ml of normal saline (negative control), group II, III, IV, V, VI were dosed with 1000.0, 600.0, 150.0, 40.0 and 5.0 mg/kg bwt of extract respectively. Group VII was dosed 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac sodium (Na) drug (positive control). For anti-inflammatory activity, Group I was dosed with 1.0ml of normal saline (negative control), Group II, III, IV, V, VI were dosed with 1000.0, 600.0, 300.0, 40.0 and 5.0 mg/kg bwt of extract respectively. Group VII was dosed 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na. The percentage mean paw volume inhibition and percentage writhing protection were determined. Results: The mean percentage paw volume inhibitions were 29.1%, 74.2% and 32.3% at doses of 5.0, 40.0 mg/kg bwt and 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na respectively. The mean percentage writhing protection was 8.9%, 10.4%, 78.5% and 98.7% at doses of 150.0, 600.0, 1000.0 mg/kg of extract and 10.0 mg/kg bwt diclofenac Na respectively. Conclusions: Total crude leaf extracts of P. dodecandra has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity that may be attributed to the presence of polyphenolic, saponins and many others phytochemicals that are present in the plant.

Peripheral Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Smilax canariensis in an Animal Model

Smilax canariensis Brouss. ex Willd. is an endemic plant of the Canary Islands. Its rhizomes, leaves and stems have been traditionally used in Canary folk medicine to treat a wide variety of conditions including pain. Our objective is to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of different extracts of S. canariensis in Swiss mice, using established biological models for pain and inflammation, such as phenylquinone writhing test, formalin test, tail-flick test and mouse paw edema induced by carrageenan. Oral administration of S. canariensis extracts significantly reduce writhing episodes evoked by phenylquinone injection in a dose-dependent manner;and higher doses result in a reduction of pain similar to or higher than that of the reference drug piroxicam (59.56%;p < 0.01). The extracts also cause a marked dose-dependent inhibition of for-malin-induced pain in the second phase but only minimal inhibition of tail-flick behavior, suggesting that S. canariensis is not a centrally acting analgesic. Finally, in the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model, the extracts show a moderate anti-inflammatory effect, the most active being the ethyl acetate fraction at 200 mg/kg p.o. (33.33%;p < 0.05). Our results suggest that S. canariensis extracts have clear dose-dependent peripheral analgesic effects, which lends support to the traditional use of this medicinal plant to treat pain associated with inflammatory or other processes.