Design of ispPAC-based Humidity Sensor Signal Processing Circuits

The widely used sensitive elements of humidity sensors can be divided into 3 types,i.e.,resistor,capacitor,and electrolyte.Humidity sensors consisting of these sensitive elements have corresponding signal processing circuit unique to each type of sensitive elements.This paper presents an ispPAC (in-system programmable Programmable Analog Circuit) -based humidity sensor signal processing circuit designed with software method and implemented with in-system programmable simulators.Practical operation shows that humidity sensor signal processing circuits of this kind,exhibit stable and reliable performance.

Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power FGMOS Based Voltage Buffer, Analog Inverter and Winner-Take-All Analog Signal Processing Circuits

This paper proposes novel floating-gate MOSFET (FGMOS) based Voltage Buffer, Analog Inverter and Winner-Take-All (WTA) circuits. The proposed circuits have low power dissipation. All proposed circuits are simulated using SPICE in 180 nm CMOS technology with supply voltages of ±1.25 V. The simulation results demonstrate increase in input range for FGMOS based voltage buffer and analog inverter and maximum power dissipation of 0.5 mW, 1.9 mW and 0.429 mW for FGMOS based voltage buffer, analog inverter and WTA circuits, respectively. The proposed circuits are intended to find applications in low voltage, low power consumer electronics.

A consistency improving method in the analytic hierarchy process based on directed circuit analysis

Test of consistency is critical for the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) methodology. When a pairwise comparison matrix(PCM) fails the consistency test, the decision maker(DM) needs to make revisions. The state of the art focuses on changing a single entry or creating a new matrix based on the original inconsistent matrix so that the modified matrix can satisfy the consistency requirement. However, we have noticed that the reason that causes inconsistency is not only numerical inconsistency, but also logical inconsistency, which may play a more important role in the whole inconsistency. Therefore, to realize satisfactory consistency, first of all, we should change some entries that form a directed circuit to make the matrix logically consistent, and then adjust other entries within acceptable deviations to make the matrix numerically consistent while preserving most of the original comparison information. In this paper, we firstly present some definitions and theories, based on which two effective methods are provided to identify directed circuits. Four optimization models are proposed to adjust the original inconsistent matrix. Finally, illustrative examples and comparison studies show the effectiveness and feasibility of our method.

Recycling process assessment of mechanical recycling of printed circuit board

A comprehensive assessment index system was established. The mechanical recycling process of printed circuit board was evaluated according to the comprehensive evaluation index system using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. A process assessment software system of mechanical recycling was established to evaluate different recycling technologies. And the software system was developed in the environment of VB6.0 and Access2000.

Numerical Simulation of Gas Flow During Arcing Process for 252 kV Puffer Circuit Breakers

A numerical simulation model for 252 kV puffer circuit breaker is constructed, by using a proven commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） package, PHOENICS. The model takes into account the moving parts in the circuit breaker, turbulence enhanced momentum and energy transport, radiation transport. The arcing process in a SF6 puffer circuit breaker with two hollow contacts is simulated under different conditions, and the simulation results are verified with experimental results. Through simulation, the pressure, temperature and velocity in the arc quenching chamber can be obtained. The simulation model is also capable of predicting the influence of design parameters variations on breaker performance, and can thus help to reduce the number of short-circuit tests during the design stage.

Short-circuit process model in underwater welding using rotating arc sensor

In order to detecting and tracking along the weld seam with rotating arc sensor in underwater welding,the highpressure water environment rotating arc welding hardware platform is established and welding experiments using rotating arc sensor is done. Different radius of rotating arc sensor is used. And the corresponding welding current and voltage is obtained,which is compared with the results of rotating arc sensor short-circuit process simulation model under high-pressure water environment established in this article. The results show that under high-pressure water environment,rotating arc radius should be optimized,otherwise the short-circuit-arcing cycle will transit to a short-circuit-arcing-abruption cycle,making the welding quality poor. At last the critical radius between the short-circuit-arcing cycle and short-circuit-arcing-abruption cycle under high-pressure water environment is obtained.

A Fault Feature Extraction Model in Synchronous Generator under Stator Inter-Turn Short Circuit Based on ACMD and DEO3S

This paper proposed a new diagnosis model for the stator inter-turn short circuit fault in synchronous generators.Different from the past methods focused on the current or voltage signals to diagnose the electrical fault,the sta-tor vibration signal analysis based on ACMD(adaptive chirp mode decomposition)and DEO3S(demodulation energy operator of symmetrical differencing)was adopted to extract the fault feature.Firstly,FT(Fourier trans-form)is applied to the vibration signal to obtain the instantaneous frequency,and PE(permutation entropy)is calculated to select the proper weighting coefficients.Then,the signal is decomposed by ACMD,with the instan-taneous frequency and weighting coefficient acquired in the former step to obtain the optimal mode.Finally,DEO3S is operated to get the envelope spectrum which is able to strengthen the characteristic frequencies of the stator inter-turn short circuit fault.The study on the simulating signal and the real experiment data indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method for the stator inter-turn short circuit fault in synchronous generators.In addition,the comparison with other methods shows the superiority of the proposed model.

Additive Fine-Line Circuit Process through Catalyst Induced Copper Electroless Plating

To response the demand for fine line in electronic products,additive manufacturing process integrated printing techniques and deposited methods to reach fine line circuit,with the merits of reduced material wastage,low fabrication costs,and mass production advantage capability.Recently,we have developed additive process in fabricating circuit on flexible substrate through catalyst induced copper electroless deposition(ELD)method.The additive processes that integrated printing,activation,and metallization were applied to produce fine-line circuit with 5μm line width.The sample with ultraviolet(UV)activation shows better conductive property in comparison with the sample without activation after electroless deposited process.Accordingly,the results indicated that the reaction of catalyst induced electroless copper plating strongly depends on UV activation.The fine-line circuit exhibits a narrow line width circuit(around 5μm),lower resistance(6.2μΩ·cm),and mass production with low pollution in comparison with lithographic processes(with photoresist and acid pollution)with a high throughput system(R2R system)for the applications of double side flexible printed circuit board(FPCB).

Dynamic modeling and analysis of the closed-circuit grinding-classification process

Mathematical models of the grinding process are the basis of analysis, simulation and control. Most existent models in- cluding theoretical models and identification models are, however, inconvenient for direct analysis. In addition, many models pay much attention to the local details in the closed-circuit grinding process while overlooking the systematic behavior of the process as a whole. From the systematic perspective, the dynamic behavior of the whole closed-circuit grinding-classification process is consid- ered and a first-order transfer function model describing the dynamic relation between the raw material and the product is established. The model proves that the time constant of the closed-circuit process is lager than that of the open-circuit process and reveals how physical parameters affect the process dynamic behavior. These are very helpful to understand, design and control the closed-circuit grinding-classification process.

Virtual Experimental Project Design in the Digital Signal Processing Course

This paper proposes the design and development of virtual experimental projects in the Digital Signal Processing course,using MATLAB,Proteus,and CCS platforms to develop a library of typical experimental cases for biomedical engineering majors and discusses the design process.Based on these typical cases,this paper explores the secondary design for innovative engineering practice case teaching,which can promote students’understanding and mastery of digital signal processing theories,algorithms,and technologies in an intuitive,flexible,and efficient way;quickly build new innovative engineering case models and further cultivate students’engineering application ability as well as innovative thinking.

Process disturbances monitoring and recognition of short-circuiting GMAW by fuzzy c-means system

An intelligent fuzzy c-means system for process monitoring and recognition of process disturbances during short- circuiting gas metal arc welding （GMAW） is introduced in this paper. The raw measured and statistically test data of probability density distribution （ PDD ） and class frequency distribution （ CFD ） of welding electrical parameters are further processed into a 7-dimensional array which is designed to describe various welding conditions, and is employed as input vector of the intelligent fuzzy c-means system. The fuzzy c-means system is used to conduct process monitoring and automatic recognition. The correct recognition rate of 24 test data under 8 kinds of welding condition is 92%.

充电桩充电模块功率器件故障诊断研究综述

大功率直流充电桩是未来电动汽车充电设施的发展方向,充电模块是直流充电桩最重要以及故障率最高的部件,其中功率器件开路故障较为常见。为保证充电模块安全可靠运行,需要对充电模块功率器件开路故障进行准确识别和定位。文中首先对充电模块拓扑结构和故障类型进行分析,然后分别对基于解析模型、基于信号处理和基于知识的功率器件开路故障诊断方法进行总结,分别介绍了各类方法的基本思想、研究进展和优缺点,最后总结并展望充电模块功率器件开路故障诊断方法未来的研究和发展方向。

基于加速退化试验的漏电信号调理电路性能退化及可靠性研究

在电子电路服役过程中,元器件退化会引起电路输出特性变化,降低电子电路的可靠性。漏电信号调理电路作为一种电子电路,其可靠性直接决定了漏电断路器的可靠性。以漏电信号调理电路为研究对象,首先基于灵敏度分析方法确定影响电路性能退化的关键元器件,并对漏电信号调理电路进行了以温度为加速应力、动作电流值为退化特征量的恒定应力加速退化试验;其次根据不同温度应力下的试验数据建立基于Wiener过程的漏电信号调理电路性能退化模型,并利用极大似然估计法求取退化模型的未知参数,进而得出寿命预测的概率密度函数和可靠度函数;最后利用阿伦尼斯(Arrhenius)方程外推出正常应力下漏电信号调理电路的预测寿命。相关结论可为不同电子电路的寿命预测及可靠度分析提供支撑。

引线框架用高性能铜合金板带材及制备工艺

电子信息产业的飞速发展,对铜及铜合金产品性能提出了更高的要求,其中集成电路封装用引线框架材料代表了铜合金板带材发展的较高水平。本文对近年来引线框架用高性能铜合金板带材及制备工艺进行了综述,介绍了国内外高性能铜合金板带材料的成分和制备加工技术及发展过程,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望,提出未来高性能铜板带材性能将朝着抗拉强度为700 MPa、导电率为70%IACS的目标发展,其制备工艺将向着智能化、绿色化、高效化等方向发展。

集成电路和功率器件抗辐射工艺加固技术研究综述

随着我国空间装备的高速发展,尤其是深空探测器,微电子器件抗辐射性能得到广泛关注。抗辐射工艺加固是实现器件抗辐射性能提升的重要途径之一。本文围绕空间总剂量效应和单粒子效应,对近年来集成电路和功率器件辐射效应机理和工艺加固技术的研究进展进行了介绍和总结,为抗辐射工艺加固技术的发展与应用提供了有益参考。

三自由度微曲面电路3D打印方法及工艺

针对打印微曲面电路技术复杂、成本较高等问题,提出了一种使用三自由度打印机打印微曲面电路的方法,该方法旨在使用三自由度打印机在微曲面上打印共形电路,同时开发了一种自适应微曲面3D打印控制算法。该算法将DXF格式的文件作为输入,提取文件中的线路数据并对其进行离散处理,对离散后的数据逐点测量并根据反馈的数据进行线路重构,最终输出可以直接用于3D打印微曲面电路的G代码。利用三自由度打印机在不同基材制备的微曲面上完成电路打印实验和亮灯实验,验证了该方法的可行性。对3D打印微曲面电路的工艺参数进行研究,通过设计正交试验分析了工艺参数对打印的微曲面电路的影响,得到了最优工艺参数组合。结果表明,在针头直径为0.16 mm的情况下,打印气压为0.3 MPa、打印速度为100 mm/min和打印头高度为0.4 mm时,打印的微曲面电路连续且均匀,质量最优。

基于GOOSE反馈机制的智能变电站过程层网络备用方法

智能变电站过程层光纤网络一旦发生故障,会使二次系统功能失效,故障修复效率低,可靠性降低。为此,提出一种基于GOOSE反馈机制的智能变电站过程层网络备用方法。文章根据二次系统对过程层网络的传输要求,对间隔抖动、丢帧率和光功率等指标建立相应的危害程度量化模型;建立了备用光纤光口单指标和综合指标启动判据;利用GOOSE反馈机制实现对主光纤光口的备用。仿真表明,所提方法可快速完成故障光纤光口的备用切换,提高了过程层网络的可靠性。

基于298/77 K循环处理回收PCB中非金属组分

为解决废印制电路板(PCB)中非金属组分回收难且二次污染率大的问题,引入298/77 K循环处理技术,首先分析温度改变对PCB内部结构所造成的影响及PCB内部力学性能的变化,测试静电分选和离心分选对PCB非金属组分回收率的实际影响,之后引入CaF_(2)作为精炼过程中的强氧化剂,测试PCB内部结构发生改变后的硅组分回收率,最后测定回收后硅元素的实际纯度。结果表明:PCB在经过298/77 K循环处理后,内部结构受温度循环影响发生明显变化;各项力学性能均实现明显下降;PCB非金属组分实际产出量和硅组分回收率,相比于传统处理方式实现了明显提升,且对原PCB中各项杂质有较好的去除效果,硅元素占比在97%以上。

贯穿实验过程的电路实验考核评价方法

线上线下协同的多时间尺度实践教学是提高学生实践能动性和工程创新能力的有效措施。基于电路实验线上线下协同多维度、多时间尺度的实验教学内容和多空间、多时间尺度的教学模式,以学生实践能力和综合素质培养为目标,合理设计贯穿每个实验过程的多维度实验考核评价内容,提炼每个实验项目的课前-课中-课后的考核评价指标和量化各项指标的梯度权重,提出贯穿实验过程的电路实验考核评价方法,全面、科学地评价学生该门课程的综合成绩。该考核评价方法推动了电路实验教学的改革,提高了教与学的质量和效率,培养了学生的创新能力。

考虑低电压穿越全过程控制策略切换的双馈风机电气量研究

双馈感应发电机(doubly fed induction generator,DFIG)的电气特性在低电压穿越(low voltage ride through,LVRT)全过程均易受电网电压变化影响,而现有研究多关注故障期间DFIG的电气特性,未考虑故障清除后不同情形下DFIG电气特性的差异,且较少研究LVRT全过程DFIG的功率特性,LVRT全过程电气特性分析尚不全面。为此研究了LVRT全过程DFIG的运行状态,在故障清除前,将LVRT全过程分为故障发生、无功功率优先控制启动两个阶段,故障清除后分为撬棒二次投入、有功功率爬坡恢复两种情形进行分析。在此基础上,推导了LVRT全过程定子侧输出电流、功率的表达式,并在PSCAD中建立了DFIG仿真模型,时域仿真结果与解析表达式波形可较好吻合,证明了所提方法的有效性。