Perioperative changes in lower gut microbiocenosis in patients with colon and rectum cancer

This clinical study was designed to determinate the value of colon microbiota microflora in colorectal cancer patients.We investigate pre-and post-operation stool samples in patients with different tumor localizations,trying to correlate those to postoperative complications.Our findings shows that if opportunistic pathogenic microflora levels are elevated before operations,it can lead to further microbiota disbalance in postoperative period,especially in cases of antibacterial prophylaxis or treatment.Further,this changes increase a chance of receiving some complications after surgery.So,we suggest an analysis of stool microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer to be performed prior and after the operation.Furthermore,aperioperative decontamination therapy should be performed in cases of pathogenic microflora levels elevation.Still,monitoring aperioperative microbiota changes is not a routine in most recommendations and we assume that including this relatively unencumbered patient testing in preoperative survey will help to reduce a number of postoperative complications.

Virus-inspired nanoparticles as versatile antibacterial carriers for antibiotic delivery against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria

Infectious diseases become one of the leading causes of human death. Traditional treatment based on classical antibiotics could not provide enough antibacterial activity to combat bacterial infections due to low bioavailability, even leading to antibiotic resistance. In recent years, biomimetic delivery systems have been developed to improve drug therapy for various diseases, such as malignant tumor and cardiovascular disease. In this work, we designed virus-inspired nanodrugs(VNDs) through co-assembly of amphiphilic lipopeptide dendrons and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymers for high-efficiency antibiotic delivery. These VNDs had well-defined and stable nanostructures for tetracycline encapsulation and delivery. The VNDs were capable of promoting antibiotic internalization and enhancing their antibacterial effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, no obvious cytotoxicity of VNDs was observed to human cell lines. This work successfully demonstrated the virus-mimetic nanoparticles served as promising and applicable antibiotic delivery platform for antibacterial treatment.

Ion-π interactions for constructing organic luminescent materials

Organic luminescent materials are one of the research hotspots worldwide.The luminescent efficiency of these materials can be tuned by introducing noncovalent interactions.Ion-π interactions,mainly including anion-π interactions and cation-π interactions,are relatively new but powerful noncovalent interactions with extensive applications in supramolecular chemistry.The use of ion-π interactions to fabricate highly luminescent materials is initiated since they were introduced to develop aggregation-induced emission luminogens in 2017.Then,this research field is undergoing through challenging but very prospective developments.In this minireview,we start with a brief introduction of ion-π interactions and then make a summary of the reports on organic fluorescence based on ion-π interactions and room temperature phosphorescence induced by ion-π interactions.The applications of organic luminescent materials based on ion-π interactions in bioimaging,imaging-guided anticancer and antibacterial treatment are also discussed.The challenges and prospects of using anion-π and cation-π interactions for constructing organic luminogens are presented in the final part.It is expected that this minireview will provide some guidelines for fabricating novel organic luminescent materials and further extend the application potential of ion-π interactions.