Ethical inspection about laboratory animals

Laboratory animals and animal experiments are foundations and important support conditions for life sciences, especially for medical research. The animal experiments have drawn extensive attention from the society because of the ethical issue. This paper takes Wenzhou Medical University as an example to give a brief introduction to the ethical review about laboratory animals in the university so as to further draw attention and concerns from the public about the ethical issue of laboratory animals. We successively introduce its scientific projects, nurturing environment and ethical review of laboratory animals.

The development and application of Laboratory Animal Science in China

The 14th Scientific Congress of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Science was held on October 11‐12,2018 in Qingdao,China.During this congress,an international forum on the development of Laboratory Animal Sciences(LAS)worldwide was held in which participants learnt about the development of new LAS resources and technologies,as well as the progress of LAS in China.The main points that were discussed are as follows.After nearly a century of development,there are more than 200 species of experimental animals,and more than 20 000 inbred lines,outbred lines,genetic engineered animals,animal models of diseases,and other resources all over the world,which provide abundant experimental animal resources for scientific research.These resources are widely used in life science research.

One health, monkeypox prevention, and treatment: The second online academic salon on monkeypox virus by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (August 26, 2022, Beijing, China)

The Second Online Academic Salon on Monkeypox Virus: One Health, monkeypox prevention, and treatment was held online on August 26, 2022, at Beijing, China. The Academic Salon was hosted by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS);organized by the Editorial Office of Animal Models and Experimental Medicine( AMEM), Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica, and the Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine;and co-organized by the China Union of Life Science Societies and Wiley Press. This online salon was simultaneously broadcast live, and attracted more than 2000 participants online from home and abroad.

LasDB: A collective database for laboratory animal strain resources

Background: With the aim of establishing the most comprehensive database of laboratory animal strains, the "laboratory animal strain resources database"(LasDB)was constructed as a searchable online database of all laboratory animal strains,stocks and mutant embryonic stem-cell lines available worldwide, including inbred,outbred, mutant and genetically engineered strains.Methods: MySQL database software was used to construct the LasDB, offering an easy-to-use interface.Results: To date, LasDB has a collection covering data for 21 596 mouse strains,2062 rat strains, 13 monkey strains, 2 hamster strains, 5 dog strains, 5 rabbit strains and more than 50 other laboratory animal strains. LasDB will be continually improved with regular updates of new laboratory animal strains from all over the world.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first database that attempts to systematically integrate all available laboratory animal strain data with the aim of supporting open usage and full resource sharing.

The 1st online academic salon on monkeypox virus by Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(2022, June 10th,Beijing, China)

The First Academic Salon on Monkeypox Virus was held online on June 10th,2022 in Beijing,China.The Academic Salon was hosted by the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS);organized by the Editorial Office of Animal Models and Experimental Medicine (AMEM),Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica,and the Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine,and co-organized by China Union of Life Science Societies.This Academic Salon was also broadcast live on Wiley WeChat Video Channel,and attracted over 2400online attendees home and abroad.

Selection of Laboratory Mice for the High Scores of Logic Task Solutions: The Correlated Changes in Behavior

Genetically heterogenous mouse population served as the basis for experiment designed to select mice for the high levels of extrapolation ability. Extrapolation task (which belongs to the category of cognitive tasks) was the following: hungry and thirsty mouse was placed in the experimental box facing the cup with milk which could be reached via the small opening in the frontal wall. After several seconds of drinking the food moved behind this wall to the right or to the left and disappeared from animal view. Mouse can find the food only if it moves in the direction of food movement. The direction could be chosen at random or based on animal apprehension of elementary logic of this task. Mice were selected not only for high scores of this task solution but also for lack of anxiety signs during test performance. Extrapolation task scores in selected strain mice were above the chance levels in F9 but non-significantly different from those of control unselected mouse population. The performance of F9 mice in the “puzzle box” cognitive test, based on animal tendency to avoid the brightly lit area in the dark compartment with increasing “difficulty” of reaching this compartment, was measured as mean escape latencies of the respective group. The latencies of mice from selected strain were significantly shorter than those of control animals. This fact is interpreted as the sign that the selection for one cognitive trait (yet still not efficient) resulted in positive changes in the ability to solve another cognitive task. The relationship of cognitive task solutions success and anxiety behavior scores in F9 is discussed.

History and development of laboratory animal science in Sri Lanka

The Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo(UCFM), is the forerunner in the laboratory animal science(LAS) field in Sri Lanka. Here laboratory animals such as rats, frogs and rabbits were used in medical education to demonstrate physiological principles in the early 1950 s. The establishment of the first animal house in 1969 at UCFM better facilitated the use of laboratory animals in medical education and research. By 2006, lack of ethical guide lines was an issue and a set of ethical guidelines was developed and published in 2009, which today are followed by researchers and reviewers in many universities and research institutions in the country. With this development, there was a need for an organized system of education for the LAS discipline. This was fulfilled by conducting the first certificate course on LAS in the Asian region in 2011 in collaboration with the Utrecht University,Netherlands. The Sri Lanka Association for LAS has continued LAS education since its establishment in 2012 at UCFM by conducting workshops and short courses.

国际实验动物科学理事会（the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science ICLAS）简介

国际实验动物科学理事会（the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science ICLAS）是一家以促进世界范围内实验动物伦理性关怀和使用为目标，以全面提升人类和动物健康为使命的国际科学组织。

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)is a unique research organization dedicated to research on laboratory animals and comparative medicine.It is affi liated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).It was founded in 1980,when China has just begun to develop laboratory animal sciences.ILAS currently has 478 staff working in four main business areas:scientifi c research;laboratory animal resource development conservation and production;comparative medicine technology services;and teaching and training.

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)

The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS)is a unique research organization dedicated to research on laboratory animals and comparative medicine.It is affi liated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).It was founded in 1980,when China has just begun to develop laboratory animal sciences.ILAS currently has 478 staff working in four main business areas:scientifi c research;laboratory animal resource development conservation and production;comparative medicine technology services;and teaching and training.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the first session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the fi rst session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences

The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS)was founded in 1987.Qian Xin-zhong,the former minister of the Ministry of Health,was the president of the fi rst session of the Council.CALAS has now completed seven sessions of the Council.The current president is Prof.Chuan Qin,the director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).CALAS oversees 16 work Committees,such as the Academic Committee,Journal and Information Committee,International Exchange and Cooperation Committee,as well as 16 professional Committees,e.g.Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Professional Committee and Laboratory Animal Standardization Professional Committee.

Application of Xenopus laevis in ecotoxicology （Ⅰ）--Introduction and quality control of laboratory animal

The aim of the series of papers is to discuss the application of Xenopus laevis, as model animal in biology, in ecotoxicology. X. laevis as model animal is wildly used in biological study and has pro- vided a lot of relating data because of many advan- tages, such as living in water and being easily main- tained, laying eggs in the whole year, and externally fertilizing and developing. Embryos and larvae of X. laevis like other amphibians are directly exposed in the aquatic environment and sensitive to pollutants. In addition, sex differentiation and sex organ devel- opment of X. laevis are sensitive to sex hormones and endocrine disruptors with sex hormone activities, which enable X. laevis to be used in studies on sex hormone disruption and reproductive toxicity of en- docrine disruptors. Metamorphic development of X. laevis is very sensitive to thyroid hormones and thy- roid disruptors, which enables X. laevis to be used for evaluating thyroid disruptors. Also, X. laevis ecotoxi- cology can be linked with amphibian population de- clines and malformed frog occurrence, being one of the hotspots in ecology. Thus, more and more labo- ratories have introduced X. laevis to ecotoxicological study. The quality of laboratory animals correlates with scientificity and reliability of results from animal experiments. It is especially important for toxicology. Quality control of X. laevis involving several factors such as water and food is discussed in this paper.

基于科研范式变革的实验动物资源创新发展

实验动物是支撑生命科学和生物医药等领域科技创新的重要基础科研条件之一。随着科研范式的变革,准确把握科学前沿和国家重大需求,进一步凝练实验动物资源创制与发展中的难点和疑点,对加快推动实验动物新品种/新品系开发和动物模型创制与发展具有重要意义。本文梳理了我国实验动物资源建设和应用情况,就应对新形势下的科研范式变革中存在的主要问题进行了深入探讨,展望了我国实验动物资源发展新动向,以期为实验动物新资源研究开发提供新视角。

动物生物安全实验室废弃物分类高压灭菌程序探索

为探索动物生物安全实验室不同种类废弃物合理的高压灭菌程序,探讨脉动真空灭菌器灭菌时间和脉动参数对灭菌效果的影响,以化学指示卡和生物指示剂为判断标准,研究了不同种类废弃物(动物尸体、粪便以及防护服、利器盒等一般废弃物)的灭菌程序。在程序设置方面,以灭菌温度121℃,脉动4次,排空上限80 kPa为灭菌固定参数,通过设置不同的灭菌时间和脉动下限,探索有效灭菌程序。结果显示:当灭菌时间为90 min,排空下限为-10 kPa时,猪、牛、羊等大动物尸体及其粪便灭菌合格;当排空下限为-80 kPa,灭菌时间分别为30、60、120 min时,一般废弃物、小动物尸体、禽类粪便灭菌合格。结果表明,通过调整灭菌时间和脉动参数,对不同种类废弃物进行分类高压,灭菌效果更加理想。本研究为动物生物安全实验室的废弃物处理提供了参考。