The full velocity difference model proposed by Jiang et al. [2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 017101] has been improved by introducing velocity anticipation. Velocity anticipation means the follower estimates the future velocity ...The full velocity difference model proposed by Jiang et al. [2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 017101] has been improved by introducing velocity anticipation. Velocity anticipation means the follower estimates the future velocity of the leader. The stability condition of the new model is obtained by using the linear stability theory. Theoretical results show that the stability region increases when we increase the anticipation time interval. The mKdV equation is derived to describe the kink-antikink soliton wave and obtain the coexisting stability line. The delay time of car motion and kinematic wave speed at jam density are obtained in this modeh Numerical simulations exhibit that when we increase the anticipation time interval enough, the new model could avoid accidents under urgent braking cases. Also, the traffic jam could be suppressed by considering the anticipation velocity. All results demonstrate that this model is an improvement on the full velocity difference model.展开更多
AIM: To describe the anticipation and anti-glaucoma drugs response of a Chinese family with juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma(JOAG) caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin(MYOC) mutation. ·METHODS: Fifteen members of a...AIM: To describe the anticipation and anti-glaucoma drugs response of a Chinese family with juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma(JOAG) caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin(MYOC) mutation. ·METHODS: Fifteen members of a three-generation Chinese family with JOAG were recruited to this study. They all underwent ophthalmic common examinations. Patients suspected to have JOAG got an assessment of visual field and optical coherence tomography. Intraocular pressures(IOPs) of four patients were measured at 8,10,12,14,17 o’clock respectively after using anti-glaucoma drugs. Mutation screening of all MYOC gene coding exons of the participants was performed by using direct sequencing of PCR products. ·RESULTS: Clinical examinations and pedigree analysis revealed eight family members were suffered from JOAG. Apparent genetics anticipation phenomenon was observed in this family. Their clinical features included elevated IOP of 35-55mmHg,loss of visual field,thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer,and glaucomatous optic disc damage. Noticeably,their intraocular pressure levels could be controlled within normal range at 8 and 10 o’clock by anti-glaucoma drugs,but their IOPs would elevate 】21mmHg after 12 o’clock. Seven patients received trabeculectomy produced thin-walled,pale,and saccate filtering blebs maintaining lower intraocular pressure efficiently. Mutation screening indentified aheterozygous C→T missense mutation in the MYOC gene at position 1 109 in exon 3,corresponding to a substitution of a highly conserved proline to leucine at codon 370 in the olfactomedin domain of MYOC. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of JOAG in this family were 1) genetics anticipation; 2) high IOP; 3) temporay response to anti-glaucoma drugs; 4) filtering surgery produced thin-walled and saccate filtering blebs,helping maintain lower IOP.展开更多
By introducing the traffic anticipation effect in the real world into the original lattice hydrodynamic model, we present a new anticipation effect lattice hydrodynamic (AELH) model, and obtain the linear stability ...By introducing the traffic anticipation effect in the real world into the original lattice hydrodynamic model, we present a new anticipation effect lattice hydrodynamic (AELH) model, and obtain the linear stability condition of the model by applying the linear stability theory. Through nonlinear analysis, we derive the Burgers equation and Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, to describe the propagating behaviour of traffic density waves in the stable and the metastable regions, respectively. The good agreement between simulation results and analytical results shows that the stability of traffic flow can be enhanced when the anticipation effect is considered.展开更多
AIM To analyze the origin of the anticipationphenomenon,which means earlier death insuccessive generation in familial adenomatouspolyposis.METHODS The study subjects were 2161patients with familial adenomatous polypos...AIM To analyze the origin of the anticipationphenomenon,which means earlier death insuccessive generation in familial adenomatouspolyposis.METHODS The study subjects were 2161patients with familial adenomatous polyposisand their 7465 first-degree relatives who weremembers of 750 families registered at ourPolyposis Registry.The ages at death andcumulative mortality rates in the parent,theproband,and the child generations werecompared for both all subjects and the patientsalone.RESULTS In the patients over 5 years of age,the mean age at death was 50.9 years for theparent,42.3 years for the proband,and 33.3years for the child generations,respectively(P【0.001).The deceased rates in the threegenerations were 90.7%,51.3% and 23.1% ofthe patients,respectively,and this differencewas the main cause of the anticipation measuredby parent-child paring method.The cumulativemortality rates for all subjects failed to showanticipation,however the cumulative mortalityrates for the patients showed the anticipation.The anticipation phenomenon was shown by anyparent-child pairing methods for the deceasedpatients.Other important causes of theanticipation were different proportion of causesof death between generations(P【0.001),and alow proportion of detected or deceased patients (P【0.001)in the child generation.CONCLUSION Anticipation in familialadenomatous polyposis may be caused byparent-child paring methods as well as severalintergenerational biases.展开更多
In this paper, the velocity anticipation in the optimal velocity model (OVM) is investigated. The driver adjusts the velocity of his vehicle by the desired headway, which depends on both instantaneous headway and re...In this paper, the velocity anticipation in the optimal velocity model (OVM) is investigated. The driver adjusts the velocity of his vehicle by the desired headway, which depends on both instantaneous headway and relative velocity. The effect of relative velocity is measured by a sensitivity function. A specific form of the sensitivity function is supposed and the involved parameters are determined by the both numerical simulation and empirical data. It is shown that inclusion of velocity anticipation enhances the stability of traffic flow. Numerical simulations show a good agreement with empirical data. This model provides a better description of real traffic, including the acceleration process from standing states and the deceleration process approaching a stopped car.展开更多
After major natural disasters, such as the recent earthquake-tsunami event in South Asia, reports appear about the mysterious ability of animals to anticipate and to escape the impending danger. This is an opportunity...After major natural disasters, such as the recent earthquake-tsunami event in South Asia, reports appear about the mysterious ability of animals to anticipate and to escape the impending danger. This is an opportunity to recall the long history of this phenomenon in the traditions of different civilizations, to evaluate Chinese efforts, 30-40 years ago, to use this phenomenon for earthquake prediction, and to judge its state of acceptance in modem science. An effort is made to introduce this phenomenon as a research field of modem bionics. The timing is favorable since, increasingly, infrared thermal anomalies, monitored from satellite, suggesting litho-atmospheric processes, are found to precede earthquakes. They were unexpected by seismologists and are here suggested to essentially reflect the energy conversion patterns responsible for the signals monitored by animals. The aim is to learn from animals in the long term how natural disasters can better be anticipated, and how simple technical warning systems can be developed. Some challenges are analyzed. One is interpretation of the nature of energy release prior to the main earthquake disaster resulting in "macro-anomaly" precursors, another is better to understand the effect on animal senses. The role of non-linear cooperative phenomena including tsunamitype waves is emphasized.展开更多
A stochastic control model is studied.The objective of the investor is to maximize expected utility from terminalconsumption.However,the investor possesses informa-tion about the terminal values of the components of t...A stochastic control model is studied.The objective of the investor is to maximize expected utility from terminalconsumption.However,the investor possesses informa-tion about the terminal values of the components of the Brownian motion which drives securities’prices.With the method of stochastic control being applied,investor’s optimal decision is obtained.Especially,the logarith-展开更多
Taking into account the startup behaviour of following vehicles in the waiting area of urban traffic signal, we propose an extended Nagel-Schreckenberg model for single-lane traffic flow, in which the dynamic behavior...Taking into account the startup behaviour of following vehicles in the waiting area of urban traffic signal, we propose an extended Nagel-Schreckenberg model for single-lane traffic flow, in which the dynamic behavior of each vehicle depends on not only its own headway but also the headway of the immediately preceding one. The numerical simulation of the present model reproduces some complicated nonlinear phenomena observed in real traffic such as free flow, ghostly blockage, synchronized flow and so on. For specific parameter combinations the flow-density relation of this model shows two meta-stable branches near the transition density from free flow to wide moving traffic jam. Finally, the analytical results of the model under some specific parameters are given by using the mean field theory.展开更多
BACKGROUND The existence of genetic anticipation has been long disputed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the absence of the explanatory mechanism.AIM To determine whether it was predictive of genetic anticipation,...BACKGROUND The existence of genetic anticipation has been long disputed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the absence of the explanatory mechanism.AIM To determine whether it was predictive of genetic anticipation,we evaluated telomere length in IBD.We hypothesized that multiplex IBD families exhibit a genetic defect impacting telomere maintenance mechanisms.METHODS We studied three IBD families with multiple affected members in three successive generations.We determined telomere length(TL)in lymphocytes and granulocytes from peripheral blood of the affected members using flow cytometry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization(flow FISH).We also performed whole exome sequencing in the blood of all available family members and used PhenoDB to identify potential candidate gene variants with recessive or dominant modes of inheritance.RESULTS Out of twenty-four patients of European descent selected to participate in the study,eleven patients,eight parent-child pairs affected by IBD,were included in the genetic anticipation analysis.Median difference in age at diagnosis between two successive generations was 16.5 years,with earlier age at onset in the younger generations.In most of the affected members,the disease harbored similar gastrointestinal and extraintestinal involvement but was more aggressive among the younger generations.TL was not associated with earlier age at onset or more severe disease in members of successive generations affected by IBD.NOD2 gene mutations were present in the Crohn’s disease patients of one family.However,no gene variants were identified as potential candidates for inheritance.CONCLUSION Telomere shortening appears unlikely to be involved in mechanisms of possible genetic anticipation in IBD.Further studies using a larger sample size are required to confirm or refute our findings.展开更多
In the issue of January, 2002, the magazine "Relation Between Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits" published by the Association of the Relation Between the Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits, a signed essay was c...In the issue of January, 2002, the magazine "Relation Between Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits" published by the Association of the Relation Between the Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits, a signed essay was carried out, stating that the development of the relation between the both sides last year, anticipates the trends of such relation in the future.展开更多
How to predict the dynamics of nonlinear chaotic systems is still a challenging subject with important real-life applications. The present paper deals with this important yet difficult problem via a new scheme of anti...How to predict the dynamics of nonlinear chaotic systems is still a challenging subject with important real-life applications. The present paper deals with this important yet difficult problem via a new scheme of anticipating synchronization. A global, robust, analytical and delay-independent sufficient condition is obtained to guarantee the existence of anticipating synchronization manifold theoretically in the framework of the Krasovskii-Lyapunov theory. Different from 'traditional techniques (or regimes)' proposed in the previous literature, the present scheme guarantees that the receiver system can synchronize with the future state of a transmitter system for an arbitrarily long anticipation time, which allows one to predict the dynamics of chaotic transmitter at any point of time if necessary. Also it is simple to implement in practice. A classical chaotic system is employed to demonstrate the application of the proposed scheme to the long-term prediction of chaotic states.展开更多
Anticipating future actions without observing any partial videos of future actions plays an important role in action prediction and is also a challenging task.To obtain abundant information for action anticipation,som...Anticipating future actions without observing any partial videos of future actions plays an important role in action prediction and is also a challenging task.To obtain abundant information for action anticipation,some methods integrate multimodal contexts,including scene object labels.However,extensively labelling each frame in video datasets requires considerable effort.In this paper,we develop a weakly supervised method that integrates global motion and local finegrained features from current action videos to predict next action label without the need for specific scene context labels.Specifically,we extract diverse types of local features with weakly supervised learning,including object appearance and human pose representations without ground truth.Moreover,we construct a graph convolutional network for exploiting the inherent relationships of humans and objects under present incidents.We evaluate the proposed model on two datasets,the MPII-Cooking dataset and the EPIC-Kitchens dataset,and we demonstrate the generalizability and effectiveness of our approach for action anticipation.展开更多
Anticipating others’actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense crowds.This ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self...Anticipating others’actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense crowds.This ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self-driving cars.However,existing solutions struggle to predict pedestrian anticipation accurately,because the influence of group-related social behaviors has not been well considered.While group relationships and group interactions are ubiquitous and significantly influence pedestrian anticipation,their influence is diverse and subtle,making it difficult to explicitly quantify.Here,we propose the group interaction field(GIF),a novel group-aware representation that quantifies pedestrian anticipation into a probability field of pedestrians’future locations and attention orientations.An end-to-end neural network,GIFNet,is tailored to estimate the GIF from explicit multidimensional observations.GIFNet quantifies the influence of group behaviors by formulating a group interaction graph with propagation and graph attention that is adaptive to the group size and dynamic interaction states.The experimental results show that the GIF effectively represents the change in pedestrians’anticipation under the prominent impact of group behaviors and accurately predicts pedestrians’future states.Moreover,the GIF contributes to explaining various predictions of pedestrians’behavior in different social states.The proposed GIF will eventually be able to allow unmanned systems to work in a human-like manner and comply with social norms,thereby promoting harmonious human-machine relationships.展开更多
The algorithm and its implementation of the leading zero anticipation (LZA) are very vital for the performance of a high-speed floating-point adder in today's state of art microprocessor design. Unfortunately, in p...The algorithm and its implementation of the leading zero anticipation (LZA) are very vital for the performance of a high-speed floating-point adder in today's state of art microprocessor design. Unfortunately, in predicting "shift amount" by a conventional LZA design, the result could be off by one position. This paper presents a novel parallel error detection algorithm for a general-case LZA. The proposed approach enables parallel execution of conventional LZA and its error detection, so that the error-indicatlon signal can be generated earlier in the stage of normalization, thus reducing the critical path and improving overall performance. The circuit implementation of this algorithm also shows its advantages of area and power compared with other previous work.展开更多
Gaze information is important for finding region of interest(ROI)which implies where the next action will happen.Supervised gaze estimation does not work on EPIC-Kitchens for lack of ground truth.In this paper,we deve...Gaze information is important for finding region of interest(ROI)which implies where the next action will happen.Supervised gaze estimation does not work on EPIC-Kitchens for lack of ground truth.In this paper,we develop an unsupervised gaze estimation method that helps with egocentric action anticipation.We adopt gaze map as a feature representation,and input it into a multiple modality network jointly with red-green-blue(RGB),optical flow and object features.We explore the method on EGTEA dataset.The estimated gaze map is further optimized with dilation and Gaussian filter,masked onto the original RGB frame and encoded as the important gaze modality.Our results outperform the strong baseline Rolling-Unrolling LSTMs(RULSTM),with top-5 accuracy achieving 34.31%on the seen test set(S1)and 22.07%on unseen test set(S2).The accuracy is improved by 0.58%and 0.87%,respectively.展开更多
Two vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) are mutually coupled through a partially transparent mirror (PTM) placed in the pathway. The PTM plays the role of external mirror, which controls the feedback s...Two vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) are mutually coupled through a partially transparent mirror (PTM) placed in the pathway. The PTM plays the role of external mirror, which controls the feedback strength and coupling strength. We numerically simulate this system by establishing a visible SIMULINK model. The results demonstrate that the anticipation synchronization is achieved and it can tolerate some extent frequency detuning. Moreover, the system shows similar chaos-pass filtering effect on unidireetionally coupled system even both VCSELs are modulated. This system allows simultaneously bidirectional secure message transmission on public channels.展开更多
Multiclass Lighthill-Whitham-Richards trafficmodels[Benzoni-Gavage and Colombo,Euro.J.Appl.Math.,14(2003),pp.587–612;Wong and Wong,Transp.Res.A,36(2002),pp.827–841]give rise to first-order systems of conservation la...Multiclass Lighthill-Whitham-Richards trafficmodels[Benzoni-Gavage and Colombo,Euro.J.Appl.Math.,14(2003),pp.587–612;Wong and Wong,Transp.Res.A,36(2002),pp.827–841]give rise to first-order systems of conservation laws that are hyperbolic under usual conditions,so that their associated Cauchy problems are wellposed.Anticipation lengths and reaction times can be incorporated into these models by adding certain conservative second-order terms to these first-order conservation laws.These terms can be diffusive under certain circumstances,thus,in principle,ensuring the stability of the solutions.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stability of these diffusively correctedmodels under varying reaction times and anticipation lengths.It is demonstrated that instabilities may develop for high reaction times and short anticipation lengths,and that these instabilities may have controlled frequencies and amplitudes due to their nonlinear nature.展开更多
Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which respon...Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which response of the receiver neuron appears before stimulation of the sender neuron,showing an interesting function of brain to anticipate the future.The dynamical mechanism for the AS remains unclear due to complex dynamics of inhibitory and excitatory modulations.In this article,the paradoxical roles of excitatory synapse and inhibitory autapse in the formation of AS are acquired.Firstly,in addition to the common roles such that inhibitory modulation delays and excitatory modulation advances spike,paradoxical roles of excitatory stimulation to delay spike via type-II phase response and of inhibitory autapse to advance spike are obtained in suitable parameter regions,extending the dynamics and functions of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations.Secondly,AS is related to the paradoxical roles of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations,presenting deep understandings to the AS.Inhibitory autapse induces spike of the receiver neuron advanced to appear before that of the sender neuron at first,and then excitatory synapse plays a delay role to prevent the spike further advanced,resulting in the AS as the advance and delay effects realize a dynamic balance.Lastly,inhibitory autapse with strong advance,middle advance,and weak advance and delay effects induce phase drift(spike of the receiver neuron advances continuously),AS,and DS,respectively,presenting comprehensive relationships between AS and other behaviors.The results present potential measures to modulate AS related to brain function.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB705500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 70501004, 70701004 and 70631001)the Program for New Century Talents in University,Ministry of Education, China (Grant No. NCET-07-0057)
文摘The full velocity difference model proposed by Jiang et al. [2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 017101] has been improved by introducing velocity anticipation. Velocity anticipation means the follower estimates the future velocity of the leader. The stability condition of the new model is obtained by using the linear stability theory. Theoretical results show that the stability region increases when we increase the anticipation time interval. The mKdV equation is derived to describe the kink-antikink soliton wave and obtain the coexisting stability line. The delay time of car motion and kinematic wave speed at jam density are obtained in this modeh Numerical simulations exhibit that when we increase the anticipation time interval enough, the new model could avoid accidents under urgent braking cases. Also, the traffic jam could be suppressed by considering the anticipation velocity. All results demonstrate that this model is an improvement on the full velocity difference model.
基金Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.A2013215)
文摘AIM: To describe the anticipation and anti-glaucoma drugs response of a Chinese family with juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma(JOAG) caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin(MYOC) mutation. ·METHODS: Fifteen members of a three-generation Chinese family with JOAG were recruited to this study. They all underwent ophthalmic common examinations. Patients suspected to have JOAG got an assessment of visual field and optical coherence tomography. Intraocular pressures(IOPs) of four patients were measured at 8,10,12,14,17 o’clock respectively after using anti-glaucoma drugs. Mutation screening of all MYOC gene coding exons of the participants was performed by using direct sequencing of PCR products. ·RESULTS: Clinical examinations and pedigree analysis revealed eight family members were suffered from JOAG. Apparent genetics anticipation phenomenon was observed in this family. Their clinical features included elevated IOP of 35-55mmHg,loss of visual field,thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer,and glaucomatous optic disc damage. Noticeably,their intraocular pressure levels could be controlled within normal range at 8 and 10 o’clock by anti-glaucoma drugs,but their IOPs would elevate 】21mmHg after 12 o’clock. Seven patients received trabeculectomy produced thin-walled,pale,and saccate filtering blebs maintaining lower intraocular pressure efficiently. Mutation screening indentified aheterozygous C→T missense mutation in the MYOC gene at position 1 109 in exon 3,corresponding to a substitution of a highly conserved proline to leucine at codon 370 in the olfactomedin domain of MYOC. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of JOAG in this family were 1) genetics anticipation; 2) high IOP; 3) temporay response to anti-glaucoma drugs; 4) filtering surgery produced thin-walled and saccate filtering blebs,helping maintain lower IOP.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. CDJZR11170002)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20090191110022)
文摘By introducing the traffic anticipation effect in the real world into the original lattice hydrodynamic model, we present a new anticipation effect lattice hydrodynamic (AELH) model, and obtain the linear stability condition of the model by applying the linear stability theory. Through nonlinear analysis, we derive the Burgers equation and Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, to describe the propagating behaviour of traffic density waves in the stable and the metastable regions, respectively. The good agreement between simulation results and analytical results shows that the stability of traffic flow can be enhanced when the anticipation effect is considered.
基金Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research in JapanGrant in Aid from the Ministry of Health and WelfareJapanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum
文摘AIM To analyze the origin of the anticipationphenomenon,which means earlier death insuccessive generation in familial adenomatouspolyposis.METHODS The study subjects were 2161patients with familial adenomatous polyposisand their 7465 first-degree relatives who weremembers of 750 families registered at ourPolyposis Registry.The ages at death andcumulative mortality rates in the parent,theproband,and the child generations werecompared for both all subjects and the patientsalone.RESULTS In the patients over 5 years of age,the mean age at death was 50.9 years for theparent,42.3 years for the proband,and 33.3years for the child generations,respectively(P【0.001).The deceased rates in the threegenerations were 90.7%,51.3% and 23.1% ofthe patients,respectively,and this differencewas the main cause of the anticipation measuredby parent-child paring method.The cumulativemortality rates for all subjects failed to showanticipation,however the cumulative mortalityrates for the patients showed the anticipation.The anticipation phenomenon was shown by anyparent-child pairing methods for the deceasedpatients.Other important causes of theanticipation were different proportion of causesof death between generations(P【0.001),and alow proportion of detected or deceased patients (P【0.001)in the child generation.CONCLUSION Anticipation in familialadenomatous polyposis may be caused byparent-child paring methods as well as severalintergenerational biases.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2006CB705500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10532060, 10672098)
文摘In this paper, the velocity anticipation in the optimal velocity model (OVM) is investigated. The driver adjusts the velocity of his vehicle by the desired headway, which depends on both instantaneous headway and relative velocity. The effect of relative velocity is measured by a sensitivity function. A specific form of the sensitivity function is supposed and the involved parameters are determined by the both numerical simulation and empirical data. It is shown that inclusion of velocity anticipation enhances the stability of traffic flow. Numerical simulations show a good agreement with empirical data. This model provides a better description of real traffic, including the acceleration process from standing states and the deceleration process approaching a stopped car.
文摘After major natural disasters, such as the recent earthquake-tsunami event in South Asia, reports appear about the mysterious ability of animals to anticipate and to escape the impending danger. This is an opportunity to recall the long history of this phenomenon in the traditions of different civilizations, to evaluate Chinese efforts, 30-40 years ago, to use this phenomenon for earthquake prediction, and to judge its state of acceptance in modem science. An effort is made to introduce this phenomenon as a research field of modem bionics. The timing is favorable since, increasingly, infrared thermal anomalies, monitored from satellite, suggesting litho-atmospheric processes, are found to precede earthquakes. They were unexpected by seismologists and are here suggested to essentially reflect the energy conversion patterns responsible for the signals monitored by animals. The aim is to learn from animals in the long term how natural disasters can better be anticipated, and how simple technical warning systems can be developed. Some challenges are analyzed. One is interpretation of the nature of energy release prior to the main earthquake disaster resulting in "macro-anomaly" precursors, another is better to understand the effect on animal senses. The role of non-linear cooperative phenomena including tsunamitype waves is emphasized.
基金Projecta supported by the Education Commission of Anhui Provinee(No.2000jw049)
文摘A stochastic control model is studied.The objective of the investor is to maximize expected utility from terminalconsumption.However,the investor possesses informa-tion about the terminal values of the components of the Brownian motion which drives securities’prices.With the method of stochastic control being applied,investor’s optimal decision is obtained.Especially,the logarith-
文摘Taking into account the startup behaviour of following vehicles in the waiting area of urban traffic signal, we propose an extended Nagel-Schreckenberg model for single-lane traffic flow, in which the dynamic behavior of each vehicle depends on not only its own headway but also the headway of the immediately preceding one. The numerical simulation of the present model reproduces some complicated nonlinear phenomena observed in real traffic such as free flow, ghostly blockage, synchronized flow and so on. For specific parameter combinations the flow-density relation of this model shows two meta-stable branches near the transition density from free flow to wide moving traffic jam. Finally, the analytical results of the model under some specific parameters are given by using the mean field theory.
基金The authors thank Professor Mary Armanios for assistance with telomere analysis. Theauthors would like to dedicate this paper in memoriam to Dr. Theodore M. Bayless, agreat mentor and a believer in genetic anticipation in inflammatory bowel disease.
文摘BACKGROUND The existence of genetic anticipation has been long disputed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the absence of the explanatory mechanism.AIM To determine whether it was predictive of genetic anticipation,we evaluated telomere length in IBD.We hypothesized that multiplex IBD families exhibit a genetic defect impacting telomere maintenance mechanisms.METHODS We studied three IBD families with multiple affected members in three successive generations.We determined telomere length(TL)in lymphocytes and granulocytes from peripheral blood of the affected members using flow cytometry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization(flow FISH).We also performed whole exome sequencing in the blood of all available family members and used PhenoDB to identify potential candidate gene variants with recessive or dominant modes of inheritance.RESULTS Out of twenty-four patients of European descent selected to participate in the study,eleven patients,eight parent-child pairs affected by IBD,were included in the genetic anticipation analysis.Median difference in age at diagnosis between two successive generations was 16.5 years,with earlier age at onset in the younger generations.In most of the affected members,the disease harbored similar gastrointestinal and extraintestinal involvement but was more aggressive among the younger generations.TL was not associated with earlier age at onset or more severe disease in members of successive generations affected by IBD.NOD2 gene mutations were present in the Crohn’s disease patients of one family.However,no gene variants were identified as potential candidates for inheritance.CONCLUSION Telomere shortening appears unlikely to be involved in mechanisms of possible genetic anticipation in IBD.Further studies using a larger sample size are required to confirm or refute our findings.
文摘In the issue of January, 2002, the magazine "Relation Between Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits" published by the Association of the Relation Between the Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits, a signed essay was carried out, stating that the development of the relation between the both sides last year, anticipates the trends of such relation in the future.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10472091 and 10502042) and the Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation for Young Teachers of Northwestern Polytechnical University, China.
文摘How to predict the dynamics of nonlinear chaotic systems is still a challenging subject with important real-life applications. The present paper deals with this important yet difficult problem via a new scheme of anticipating synchronization. A global, robust, analytical and delay-independent sufficient condition is obtained to guarantee the existence of anticipating synchronization manifold theoretically in the framework of the Krasovskii-Lyapunov theory. Different from 'traditional techniques (or regimes)' proposed in the previous literature, the present scheme guarantees that the receiver system can synchronize with the future state of a transmitter system for an arbitrarily long anticipation time, which allows one to predict the dynamics of chaotic transmitter at any point of time if necessary. Also it is simple to implement in practice. A classical chaotic system is employed to demonstrate the application of the proposed scheme to the long-term prediction of chaotic states.
基金supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.U1911401 and U1811461)Guangdong NSF Project(2020B1515120085,2018B030312002)+2 种基金Guangzhou Research Project(201902010037)Research Projects of Zhejiang Lab(2019KD0AB03)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangzhou(202007030004).
文摘Anticipating future actions without observing any partial videos of future actions plays an important role in action prediction and is also a challenging task.To obtain abundant information for action anticipation,some methods integrate multimodal contexts,including scene object labels.However,extensively labelling each frame in video datasets requires considerable effort.In this paper,we develop a weakly supervised method that integrates global motion and local finegrained features from current action videos to predict next action label without the need for specific scene context labels.Specifically,we extract diverse types of local features with weakly supervised learning,including object appearance and human pose representations without ground truth.Moreover,we construct a graph convolutional network for exploiting the inherent relationships of humans and objects under present incidents.We evaluate the proposed model on two datasets,the MPII-Cooking dataset and the EPIC-Kitchens dataset,and we demonstrate the generalizability and effectiveness of our approach for action anticipation.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC,62125106,61860206003,and 62088102)in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2021ZD0109901)in part by the Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang (2021C01016).
文摘Anticipating others’actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense crowds.This ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self-driving cars.However,existing solutions struggle to predict pedestrian anticipation accurately,because the influence of group-related social behaviors has not been well considered.While group relationships and group interactions are ubiquitous and significantly influence pedestrian anticipation,their influence is diverse and subtle,making it difficult to explicitly quantify.Here,we propose the group interaction field(GIF),a novel group-aware representation that quantifies pedestrian anticipation into a probability field of pedestrians’future locations and attention orientations.An end-to-end neural network,GIFNet,is tailored to estimate the GIF from explicit multidimensional observations.GIFNet quantifies the influence of group behaviors by formulating a group interaction graph with propagation and graph attention that is adaptive to the group size and dynamic interaction states.The experimental results show that the GIF effectively represents the change in pedestrians’anticipation under the prominent impact of group behaviors and accurately predicts pedestrians’future states.Moreover,the GIF contributes to explaining various predictions of pedestrians’behavior in different social states.The proposed GIF will eventually be able to allow unmanned systems to work in a human-like manner and comply with social norms,thereby promoting harmonious human-machine relationships.
文摘The algorithm and its implementation of the leading zero anticipation (LZA) are very vital for the performance of a high-speed floating-point adder in today's state of art microprocessor design. Unfortunately, in predicting "shift amount" by a conventional LZA design, the result could be off by one position. This paper presents a novel parallel error detection algorithm for a general-case LZA. The proposed approach enables parallel execution of conventional LZA and its error detection, so that the error-indicatlon signal can be generated earlier in the stage of normalization, thus reducing the critical path and improving overall performance. The circuit implementation of this algorithm also shows its advantages of area and power compared with other previous work.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61772328)
文摘Gaze information is important for finding region of interest(ROI)which implies where the next action will happen.Supervised gaze estimation does not work on EPIC-Kitchens for lack of ground truth.In this paper,we develop an unsupervised gaze estimation method that helps with egocentric action anticipation.We adopt gaze map as a feature representation,and input it into a multiple modality network jointly with red-green-blue(RGB),optical flow and object features.We explore the method on EGTEA dataset.The estimated gaze map is further optimized with dilation and Gaussian filter,masked onto the original RGB frame and encoded as the important gaze modality.Our results outperform the strong baseline Rolling-Unrolling LSTMs(RULSTM),with top-5 accuracy achieving 34.31%on the seen test set(S1)and 22.07%on unseen test set(S2).The accuracy is improved by 0.58%and 0.87%,respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10174057 and 90201011)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No.105148).
文摘Two vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) are mutually coupled through a partially transparent mirror (PTM) placed in the pathway. The PTM plays the role of external mirror, which controls the feedback strength and coupling strength. We numerically simulate this system by establishing a visible SIMULINK model. The results demonstrate that the anticipation synchronization is achieved and it can tolerate some extent frequency detuning. Moreover, the system shows similar chaos-pass filtering effect on unidireetionally coupled system even both VCSELs are modulated. This system allows simultaneously bidirectional secure message transmission on public channels.
基金R.Burger acknowledges partial support by Fondecyt project 1130154BASAL project CMM,U.de Chile and Centro de Investigacion en Ingenierıa Matematica(CI2MA),U.de Concepcion+1 种基金Conicyt project Anillo ACT1118(ANANUM)and Red Doctoral REDOC.CTA,MINEDUC project UCO1202 at U.de Concepcion.P.Mulet is partially supported by Spanish MCINN MTM2011-22741.L.M.Villada is supported by MECESUP project UCO0713.
文摘Multiclass Lighthill-Whitham-Richards trafficmodels[Benzoni-Gavage and Colombo,Euro.J.Appl.Math.,14(2003),pp.587–612;Wong and Wong,Transp.Res.A,36(2002),pp.827–841]give rise to first-order systems of conservation laws that are hyperbolic under usual conditions,so that their associated Cauchy problems are wellposed.Anticipation lengths and reaction times can be incorporated into these models by adding certain conservative second-order terms to these first-order conservation laws.These terms can be diffusive under certain circumstances,thus,in principle,ensuring the stability of the solutions.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stability of these diffusively correctedmodels under varying reaction times and anticipation lengths.It is demonstrated that instabilities may develop for high reaction times and short anticipation lengths,and that these instabilities may have controlled frequencies and amplitudes due to their nonlinear nature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12072236,12162002,and11802086)the Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Grant No.NJYT-20-A09)the Program for Excellent Young Talents in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province of China(Grant No.gxyq ZD2020077)。
文摘Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which response of the receiver neuron appears before stimulation of the sender neuron,showing an interesting function of brain to anticipate the future.The dynamical mechanism for the AS remains unclear due to complex dynamics of inhibitory and excitatory modulations.In this article,the paradoxical roles of excitatory synapse and inhibitory autapse in the formation of AS are acquired.Firstly,in addition to the common roles such that inhibitory modulation delays and excitatory modulation advances spike,paradoxical roles of excitatory stimulation to delay spike via type-II phase response and of inhibitory autapse to advance spike are obtained in suitable parameter regions,extending the dynamics and functions of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations.Secondly,AS is related to the paradoxical roles of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations,presenting deep understandings to the AS.Inhibitory autapse induces spike of the receiver neuron advanced to appear before that of the sender neuron at first,and then excitatory synapse plays a delay role to prevent the spike further advanced,resulting in the AS as the advance and delay effects realize a dynamic balance.Lastly,inhibitory autapse with strong advance,middle advance,and weak advance and delay effects induce phase drift(spike of the receiver neuron advances continuously),AS,and DS,respectively,presenting comprehensive relationships between AS and other behaviors.The results present potential measures to modulate AS related to brain function.