The human leucocyte differentiation antigens (HLDA) workshops: the evolv-ing role of antibodies in research, diagnosis and therapy

The 8^th International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens （chaired by HZ and managed by BS） was run over a 4-year period and culminated in a conference in December 2004. Here we review the achievements of the HLDA Workshops and provide links to information on CD molecules and antibodies against them, including the 93 new CDs assigned in the 8^th Workshop. We consider what remains to be achieved （including an estimate of the number of leucocyte surface molecules still to be discovered）, and how the field can best move forward.

中性粒细胞表面分化抗原CD67 CD24在阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症表达水平及临床意义

目的:分析中性粒细胞表面分化抗原CD67、CD24在阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症(PNH)表达水平及临床意义。方法:回顾性分析我院32例PNH患者(PNH组)临床资料,并收集同期入院治疗的28例再生障碍性贫血(AA)患者(AA组)及32例健康体检者(对照组)临床资料。比较3组中性粒细胞表面分化抗原CD67、CD24、CD55、CD59水平差异,评估PNH组上述指标表达水平的相关性,并使用受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)评估上述中性粒细胞表面分化抗原对PNH的诊断价值。结果:3组性别、年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、饮酒史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组中性粒细胞表面CD67、CD24、CD55、CD59表达水平比较,均为PNH组<AA组<对照组(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,发现PNH组中性粒细胞表面CD67、CD24、CD55、CD59表达水平均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,发现中性粒细胞表面CD67、CD24、CD55、CD59表达水平均对PNH具有较高诊断价值(AUC=0.961、0.967、0.972、0.995,P<0.05),其cut-off值分别为81.88%、83.64%、84.42%、81.37%,且4项联合检测诊断价值最高(AUC=1.000,P<0.05)。结论:中性粒细胞表面分化抗原CD67、CD24表达水平在PNH中严重降低,与CD55、CD59表达水平变化情况一致,4项指标联合检测诊断PNH价值较高,对临床诊疗有指导作用。

CD44^+ CD24^(-/low)与ALDH1^+在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其意义

乳腺癌是妇女常见的恶性肿瘤。近年的研究发现在恶性肿瘤中存在一种亚群细胞,其恶性程度高于一般的肿瘤细胞。如果分离得到乳腺癌干细胞,就可以通过其表面特异的标志物或异常表达的标志物,检测体内是否残留有肿瘤干细胞,同时把乳腺癌干细胞作为靶细胞,建立乳腺癌干细胞模型,为乳腺癌研究奠定细胞学基础,进而指导手术、

Cancer stem cell markers CD133 and CD24 correlate with invasiveness and differentiation in colorectal adenocarcinoma

AIM:To verify that CD markers are available for detecting cancer stem cell populations and to evaluate their clinical significance in colon cancer.METHODS:Immunohistochemistry for CD133,CD24 and CD44 was performed on the tissue microarray of 523 colorectal adenocarcinomas.Medical records were reviewed and clinicopathological analysis was performed.RESULTS:In colorectal adenocarcinoma,128 of 523 cases(24.5%) were positive and 395 cases(75.5%) were negative for CD133 expression.Two hundred and sixty-four of 523 cases(50.5%) were positive and 259 cases(49.5%) were negative for CD24 expression.Five hundred and two of 523 cases(96%) were negative and 21 cases(4%) were positive for CD44 expression.Upon clinicopathological analysis,CD133 expression was present more in male patients(P = 0.002) and in advanced T stage cancer(P = 0.024).Correlation between CD24 expression and clinicopathological factors was seen in the degree of differentiation(P = 0.006).Correlation between CD44 expression and clinicopathological factors was seen in the tumor size(P = 0.001).Survival was not significantly related to CD133,CD24 and CD44 expression.CONCLUSION:CD markers were related to invasiveness and differentiation of colorectal adenocarcinoma.However,CD expression was not closely related to survival.

Role of CD24 in Anoikis Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells

This study examined the effect of CD24 on anoikis of ovarian cancer cells. The expres- sion of CD24 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting in ovarian cancer cells with high metas- tatic potential （HO-8910PM cells） and low metastatic potential （A2780 cells）. Cell viability and cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay in suspension culture and adhesion culture. Soft agar cul- ture was used to observe the colony formation. Anoikis was flow cytometrically detected. The results showed that the expression levels of CD24 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in HO-8910PM cells than in A2780 cells （P〈0.01）. In the suspension culture and soft agar culture, the HO-8910PM cells formed larger and more colonies （35.334-5.51 vs. 16.674-4.04; P〈0.01）, and showed a stronger resistance to anoikis than A2780 cells did （cell apoptosis rate： 5.93%4-2.38% vs. 16.32%-4-2.00%; P〈0.01）. After treated with CD24 monoclonal antibodies, the number of colony formed in HO-8910PM and A2780 cells was significantly decreased （9.334-2.52 and 8.004-2.00, re- spectively）, and the anoikis rate of the two cell lines was also markedly increased （23.11%4-2.87% and 28.36%~2.29%, respectively）. Our study suggested that CD24 may play an important role in the development of anoikis resistance and CD24 can be used as a new therapeutic target to induce anoikis and inhibit metastasis in ovarian cancer.

Inverted Apical CD24 and Weak EZH2 Expressions Are Phenotypic Characteristics of Pure Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast

Invasive micropapillary carcinomas (IMPC) of the breast account for less than 2% of all breast cancers and have been recently described as luminal B carcinomas. CD24, CD44, ALDH1 and EZH2 are commonly used as stem-cell markers that display differential expression as a function of stage and molecular type, but their pattern of expression according to this rare histological type remains poorly defined and unknown for EZH2. We assessed expression of these markers in a series of 28 micropapillary breast carcinomas and compared the results with those obtained in a series of luminal A (27 cases) and B (34 cases) invasive carcinomas not otherwise specified (IC-NST). CD24 and CD44 were expressed in most cases. However, CD24 was expressed at the inverted apical membrane in 85% of invasive micropapillary carcinoma and at the apical pole of gland-forming cells in 45% of luminal A (p-val = 6.8 × 10-4) and 13% of luminal B cases (p-val = 1.1 × 10-7). ALDH1 was expressed in the stroma in most tumors, but in only 25%, 11% and 15% in epithelial cells of IMPC, luminal A and B IC-NST, respectively. Nuclear expression of EZH2 was not observed in luminal A tumors, and was detected in 35% (12/34) of luminal B carcinomas (p-val = 6.1 × 10-3) and only 4% (1/28) of invasive micropapillary carcinomas. This series shows that invasive micropapillary carcinomas harbor a CD24-positive inverted apical pole associated with weak EZH2 expression, phenotypical characteristics that distinguish this entity from other luminal carcinomas.

Associations between CD24 gene polymorphisms and inflammatory bowel disease:A meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the relationships between CD24 gene polymorphisms and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), including ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn's disease(CD).METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched(up to May30, 2014). The search terms "CD24", "inflammatory bowel disease", "Crohn's disease", "Ulcerative colitis","IBD", "CD" or "UC"; and "polymorphism", "mutation"or "variant" were used. Association studies were limited to the English language, but no limitations in terms of race, ethnicity or geographic area were employed.Stata SE12 software was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios(ORs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs).P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The information was independently extracted from each eligible study by two investigators. Two common polymorphisms, C170T(rs8734) and TG1527del(rs3838646), in the CD24 gene were assessed.RESULTS: A total of three case-control studies including 2342 IBD patients and 1965 healthy controls were involved in this meta-analysis. The patients and controls were from Caucasian cohorts. The three articles included in this meta-analysis all conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This meta-analysis revealed that there were no significant associations between the two CD24 polymorphisms and the risk for IBD(all P > 0.05). However, in a disease subgroup analysis, we found that the CD24 C170 T polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of UC in a dominant model(OR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.15-2.77, P =0.009) and an additive model(OR = 1.87, 95%CI:1.19-2.93, P = 0.007), but this relationship was not present for CD. The CD24 TG1570 del polymorphism was significantly associated with CD in the additive model(OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01-1.52, P = 0.037).CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that the CD24 C170 T polymorphism might contribute to the susceptibility to UC, and the CD24 TG1527 del polymorphism might be associated with the risk of CD.

Alginate Matrix of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell 3D Culturing Alters CD44 and CD24 mRNA Levels and Induces ALDH1 Expression

CSCs （Cancer stem cells） have been involved in tumor resistance, metastasis and recurrence. In breast cancer, tumor cells are characterized by CD44＋, CD24-/low and ALDH 1 expression represents a subpopulation of BCSC （breast cancer stem cell）. Several three-dimensional （3D） in vitro culturing cancer cells have been used to stimulate BCSC phenotype. The present study aimed to evaluate 3D cell culture in alginate matrix and the CD44, CD24 and ALDH1 mRNA levels of BCSC markers. The 3D culture was performed using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line on alginate matrix 1.2% in RPMI medium. Expression of BCSC markers was evaluated by Real Time PCR （Polymerase Chain Reaction） comparing 3D to 2D culture. The 3D cultures increase of CD44 and CD24 mRNA levels and induce ALDH1 expression comparing to 2D culture. The data suggest that 3D alginate matrix alters the mRNA levels of genes involved in the phenotypic characteristics of BCSC.

Relationship of CD24 and CD2β molecule expression in cervical cancer tissues with cancer cell growth and their potential therapeutic value

Objective:To investigate the relationship of CD24 and CD2β molecule expression in cervical cancer tissues with cancer cell growth and their potential therapeutic value.Methods: A total of 40 patients with cervical cancer underwent radical surgery, and the cervical cancer tissue samples and tissue samples adjacent to carcinoma were collected. The differences in CD24 and CD2β molecule expression in adjacent tissues and cervical cancer tissues were compared, and the correlation of CD24 and CD2β molecule expression in cervical cancer tissues with proliferation and apoptosis gene expression was further determined.Results: CD24 expression in cervical cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues whereas CD2β expression was lower than that in adjacent tissues. Proliferation genes GBP1 and eIF4E3 mRNA expression in high CD24 expression group were lower than those in low CD24 expression group whereas SCD-1, TLR4 and HERC4 mRNA expression were higher than those in low CD24 expression group;apoptosis genes OPCML, DAPK and TSLC1 mRNA expression were lower than those in low CD24 expression group whereas GRIM-19 mRNA was higher than that in low CD24 expression group. Proliferation genes GBP1 and eIF4E3 mRNA expression in high CD2β expression group were higher than those in low CD2β expression group whereas SCD-1, TLR4 and HERC4 mRNA expression were lower than those in low CD2β expression group;apoptosis genes OPCML, DAPK and TSLC1 mRNA expression were higher than those in low CD2β expression group whereas GRIM-19 mRNA was lower than that in low CD2β expression group.Conclusion: CD24 molecule expression abnormally increases whereas CD2β molecule expression abnormally decreases in cervical cancer tissues, and the specific expression levels can be used to evaluate cervical cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, indirectly reflect the tumor condition and are expected to become the reference for long-term therapy development.

CD133 and CD24 expression in renal tissue of patients affected by autosomal dominant polcystic kidney disease

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a condition mainly characterized by the progressive development and enlargement of cysts in each kid ney. In this process a high rate of proliferation and apoptosis of tubular cells has been documented and interpreted as a futile attempt of tissue repair. In consideration of the role of stem cells in reparative processes we investigated the presence and localization of CD133 + CD24+ renal progenitors in renal ADPKD tissue and cells. Methods: Two normal kidneys and two ADPKD kidneys were examined. CD133 and CD24 expression was investigated by confocal microscopy and immunoblotting. Furthermore cystic isolated cells and cultured immortalized cells were characterized. Results: CD133 and CD24 have the same localization in ADPKD tissues and in normal kidneys: expression is restricted to a subset of epithelial cells (PEC) of Bowman’s capsule and to tubular cells in a focal and segmental pattern. Furthermore, in ADPKD tissue, cysts diffusely express CD133 and CD24. According to a quantitative analysis in ADPKD tissue CD133 + CD24 + cells are statistically more expressed in tubules (p < 0.001) and less expressed in the Bowman’s capsule (p = 0.0016) compared to the same localizations in control tissue. Conclusions: CD133 and CD24 antigens, typically expressed by renal epithelial progenitors, are more expressed in ADPKD tubules and highly expressed in ADPKD cysts. Whether CD133 and CD24 expression would signify renal progenitor recruitment or alternatively an expression pattern of the dedifferentiation of ADPKD cells remains unclear.

CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)调节性B细胞水平与强直性脊柱炎间的关系探讨

目的:探究CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)调节性B细胞(Bregs)水平与强直性脊柱炎(AS)的关系。方法:将赣州市人民医院2019年1月至2021年12月间收治的80例AS患者纳为观察组,同期体检合格的健康志愿者60例纳为对照组。根据观察组患者疾病临床分期将其分为进展期及强直期,根据患者疾病活动度将其分为活动组、稳定组,检测并比较观察组及对照组、观察组不同分期患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg占CD19^(+)细胞百分比。分析CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Bregs百分比与AS患者病程、晨僵时间、巴斯强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数评分(BASDAI)、IL-10、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及骶髂关节X线片分级等临床特点之间的关系。结果:观察组AS患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Bregs占CD19^(+)B细胞百分比高于健康对照组,强直期AS患者CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg占CD19^(+)细胞百分比高于进展期患者,且骨性强直期患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg百分比高于纤维性强直期患者,活动组AS患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg占比高于稳定组,以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组血清IL-10水平低于对照组,ESR及CRP水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AS患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg占CD19^(+)B细胞百分比与其BASDAI得分及血清IL-10水平呈正相关,与ESR及CRP水平呈负相关,与患者晨僵时间及髂关节X线分级无明显相关性。结论:AS患者外周血CD19^(+)CD24^(hi)CD27^(+)Breg占CD19^(+)B细胞百分比降低,且其水平与患者疾病分期、活动度及实验室指标IL-10、ESR及CRP间具有一定的相关性。

CD24联合TyG指数对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊断价值

目的探究CD24联合甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积指数(TyG指数)对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的诊断价值。方法选取2022年6月至2023年2月在新乡医学院第三附属医院诊断为NAFLD的50例患者作为NAFLD组,选取同期该院体检中心27例无NAFLD的体检健康者作为对照组。检测两组外周血中性粒细胞CD24的表达和其他实验室参数,分析NAFLD发生的危险因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CD24、TyG指数对NAFLD的诊断价值。结果NAFLD组与对照组CD24和TyG指数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD24和TyG指数均是NAFLD发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CD24联合TyG指数诊断NAFLD的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.913,显著大于CD24和TyG指数单一诊断(0.774、0.877)。结论CD24和TyG指数均是NAFLD的独立危险因素,CD24联合TyG指数对NAFLD有较高的诊断价值。

CD248+CAFs激活Hippo通路介导细胞外基质重塑促进NSCLC转移的机制研究

目的癌相关成纤维细胞(cancer associated fibroblasts,CAFs)介导细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)重塑在促进肿瘤转移中起重要作用。拟探讨CD248作为非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)来源的CAFs潜在标志物通过介导ECM重塑促进NSCLC转移的相关机制。方法分析NSCLC基质中CD248和I型胶原蛋白表达的相关性。利用原子力显微镜检测ECM硬度;将CD248差异表达的CAFs与NSCLC细胞系进行共培养,利用Transwell检测NSCLC细胞的迁移和侵袭。利用RNA-seq和ATAC-seq技术寻找CD248+CAFs在ECM重塑中的相关分子机制;利用成纤维细胞特异性CD248基因敲除小鼠建立肿瘤肺转移模型,评估CD248在促进NSCLC转移中的作用。结果CAFs表达CD248可诱导I型胶原形成,增加ECM硬度,促进NSCLC的侵袭和迁移。CD248+CAFs激活Hippo通路可诱导CTGF表达,从而促进ECM中I型胶原的重塑。动物实验证实与野生型小鼠相比,CD248基因敲除小鼠发生肿瘤肺转移的能力显著降低。结论CD248+CAFs能够激活Hippo通路诱导CTGF的表达,促进ECM中I型胶原的重塑增加ECM的硬度,促进NSCLC的转移。

CD24在肿瘤微环境中的作用及治疗研究进展

分化簇24(cluster of differentiation 24,CD24)是一种黏蛋白样磷脂酰肌醇锚定的表面蛋白,在大部分恶性肿瘤中高表达,通过多种机制促进肿瘤的发生及进展,并在肿瘤微环境中发挥重要作用,在体内外试验中已展现出较好的抗肿瘤治疗前景。本文综述了CD24在肿瘤微环境中参与恶性肿瘤的生长、增殖、侵袭转移等方面的生物学行为,阐述以CD24为靶点的单克隆抗体、抗体偶联药物、嵌合抗原受体免疫疗法、纳米颗粒介导的药物递送等相关治疗策略,以期为CD24作为靶点的治疗提供参考。

沉默CD24对乳腺癌MCF‑7细胞增殖和侵袭的影响及机制的初步研究

目的探讨CD24在乳腺癌中的表达及靶向下调CD24对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖和侵袭的影响及机制。方法通过生物信息学网站分析TCGA数据库中乳腺癌数据集CD24 mRNA和蛋白的表达及与乳腺癌患者生存期的关系。采用qRT-PCR和Western blot方法检测人正常乳腺细胞系MCF-10A及乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7、MDA-MB-231和T-47D中CD24的表达;利用siRNA干扰MCF-7细胞中CD24的表达,设置空白组(未进行转染)、si-NC组(转染无义序列)、siCD24组(转染CD24干扰物);CCK-8法检测各组乳腺癌细胞的增殖能力;Transwell实验检测各组乳腺癌细胞的侵袭能力;Western blot检测各组乳腺癌细胞中TFPI-2的表达。结果CD24在乳腺癌中的表达升高,表达水平与患者的生存期显著相关(P<0.05);与人乳腺正常细胞系MCF-10A相比,CD24在MCF-7、MDA-MB-231和T-47D乳腺癌细胞系中表达升高(P<0.05);CCK-8结果显示,干扰CD24的表达可以抑制乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的增殖能力。Transwell结果显示,干扰CD24的表达可以抑制乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的侵袭能力(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示,CD24表达下调后,siCD24组的乳腺癌细胞中TFPI-2蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。结论CD24在乳腺癌中高表达,表达水平与患者的生存期显著相关,抑制CD24表达可以抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖能力和侵袭能力,其机制可能与负向调控TFPI-2基因的表达相关。

膀胱癌细胞高表达E2因子转录因子家族成员3a(E2F3a)通过上调CD24抑制NK细胞的杀伤

目的 探讨膀胱癌细胞过表达E2因子转录因子家族成员3a(E2F3a)后是否影响自然杀伤(NK)细胞的活化及杀伤并探讨其具体机制。方法 利用慢病毒载体构建E2F3a稳定过表达的人及小鼠膀胱癌细胞株并将其与NK细胞共孵育,乳酸脱氢酶释放实验及流式细胞术检测NK细胞活化及杀伤能力的变化。转录组测序分析膀胱癌细胞E2F3a过表达组与对照组之间的基因表达差异,免疫组织化学染色法检测膀胱癌组织中E2F3a与差异基因在蛋白水平上表达的相关性。进一步利用染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)、实时定量PCR、 Western blot法及小干扰RNA(siRNA)等方法探索膀胱癌细胞过表达E2F3a后对NK细胞活化及杀伤影响的具体机制。结果 在膀胱癌细胞中过表达E2F3a能显著抑制NK细胞的活化及杀伤。膀胱癌细胞过表达E2F3a可显著上调CD24基因的表达,膀胱癌组织中E2F3a和CD24蛋白的表达呈显著正相关。CHIP结果显示,E2F3a能够结合CD24的启动子区并促进CD24基因的转录。干涉E2F3a过表达膀胱癌细胞中的CD24表达后,发现膀胱癌细胞E2F3a过表达所介导的NK细胞活化及杀伤抑制被显著缓解。结论 在膀胱癌细胞中E2F3a可结合CD24的启动子区促进CD24基因的转录及CD24蛋白的表达。膀胱癌细胞E2F3a通过上调CD24表达来抑制NK细胞的活化及杀伤。

血小板、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原、白细胞介素-37和CD24对上皮性卵巢癌的诊断及预后评估价值

目的探讨血小板(PLT)、D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、白细胞介素-37(IL-37)和CD24对上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)的诊断及预后评估价值。方法选取60例EOC患者、60例卵巢良性肿瘤患者和60例健康体检者,分别作为EOC组、良性组和健康组,比较3组受试者及不同预后EOC患者血浆PLT、D-D、FIB水平和血清IL-37、CD24水平。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估PLT、D-D、FIB、IL-37、CD24单独及联合检测对EOC的诊断效能,以及对EOC患者预后的预测效能。结果EOC患者PLT、D-D、FIB、IL-37和CD24水平均高于良性组和健康组(P﹤0.05),良性组患者PLT、D-D、FIB、IL-37和CD24水平均高于健康组(P﹤0.05)。ROC曲线显示,PLT+D-D+FIB+IL-37+CD24五者联合检测诊断EOC的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于各指标单独检测,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。随访6个月,60例EOC患者中,生存48例,死亡12例。死亡EOC患者血浆PLT、D-D、FIB水平和血清IL-37、CD24水平均高于生存患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。ROC曲线显示,PLT+D-D+FIB+IL-37+CD24五者联合检测预测EOC患者预后的灵敏度、准确度均高于各指标单独及联合检测,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论PLT、D-D、FIB、IL-37和CD24联合检测诊断EOC及预测预后的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均较高,对EOC诊断及预后评估的价值较高。

CD19^(+)CD24^(+)CD27^(+)调节性B细胞及IL-10、IL-34与系统性红斑狼疮中医证型的关系

目的:探讨CD19^(+)CD24^(+)CD27^(+)调节性B细胞(Bregs细胞)及白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-34与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)中医证型的关系。方法:选取2022年4月~2024年4月在本院接受治疗的117例SLE患者为研究组,并纳入同期进行体检的86名健康体检者为对照组,检测对比两组的CD19^(+)CD24^(+)CD27^(+)Bregs细胞中CD24^(high) CD27^(+)比例、CD24^(mid) CD27^(+)比例以及血清IL-10、IL-34水平。另将研究组根据中医辨证分型分为热毒炽盛证、肝肾阴虚证、脾肾阳虚证,检测对比不同中医证型患者间CD24^(high) CD27^(+)比例、CD24^(mid) CD27^(+)比例、IL-10、IL-34、肾功能及系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)的差异。结果:研究组的CD24^(high) CD27^(+)比例、CD24^(mid) CD27^(+)比例、IL-10、IL-34水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。117例SLE患者中热毒炽盛证有49例、肝肾阴虚证33例、脾肾阳虚证35例。CD24^(high) CD27^(+)比例、CD24^(mid) CD27^(+)比例、IL-10、IL-34水平及SLEDAI评分均在肝肾阴虚证、脾肾阳虚证、热毒炽盛证中依次上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脾肾阳虚证患者的血清肌酐、尿素氮、24h尿蛋白定量均高于热毒炽盛证及肝肾阴虚证患者(P<0.05)。结论:SLE患者血清CD19^(+)CD24^(+)CD27^(+)Bregs细胞、IL-10、IL-34水平均与中医证型有关,可作为中医辨证论治的辅助指标。

EPCAM、CD44和CD24在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:联合检测95例胃癌组织中上皮细胞黏附分子(EPCAM)、白细胞分化抗原44(CD44)和白细胞分化抗原24(CD24)的表达情况,分析这3种蛋白与胃癌临床病理资料及预后之间的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测95例经手术切除并有明确病理诊断为胃癌的标本中EPCAM、CD44和CD24的表达。分析95例胃癌临床病理资料与这3种蛋白阳性表达之间的关系。结果:(1)EPCAM阳性56例(58.95%),CD44阳性41例(43.16%),CD24阳性56例(58.95%)。其中EPCAM+CD44+30例(31.58%),EPCAM+CD24+45例(47.37%),CD44+CD24+32例(33.68%),EPCAM+CD44+CD24+25例(26.32%)。(2)EPCAM与年龄、肿瘤浸润深度、WHO组织学分型有关;CD44与BORRMANN分型、WHO组织学分型、CEA值有关;CD24与浸润深度、肿瘤位置、WHO组织学分型、脏器侵犯有关;三者阳性与浸润深度、肿瘤位置、WHO组织学分型有关(P<0.05)。(3)EPCAM、CD44阳性组的生存率与阴性组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05及P<0.01);EPCAM+CD44+CD24+与EPCAM-CD44-CD24-的生存率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);EPCAM-CD44+CD24+与EPCAM-CD44-CD24-的生存率比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:EPCAM、CD44和CD24在胃癌组织中表达阳性率高,可作为胃癌诊断的初筛实验。

ALDH^1+、CD44^+/CD24^-重叠与乳腺癌基因亚型和临床因素的相关性研究

目的比较ALDH1+和CD44+/CD24-作为人乳腺癌干细胞标志物时在基因亚型中的分布及与临床相关因素相关方面的异同,并了解两种标志物互补后在基因亚型中的分布和临床因素的相关性。方法采用免疫组织化学单染、双染技术检测203例未接受放化疗乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中重叠表达ALDH1+、CD44+/CD24-表型的情况。结果所有乳腺癌组织中重叠表达ALDH1+/CD44+/CD24-表型为5%,主要存在于HER-2(18%)型和Triple negativ型(45%),病理类型主要为浸润性导管癌,其2年无病生存率低于其他表型(P<0.05)。结论少数乳腺癌患者(5%)为ALDH1+/CD44+/CD24-/low表型,主要存在于Triple negative型,病理类型主要为浸润性导管癌,2年无病生存率低于其他表型。ALDH1+和CD44+/CD24-可能标志不同层次的乳腺癌干细胞,未来采用免疫组织化学技术互补检测ALDH1+和CD44+/CD24-可能预测患者预后。