Objective To investigate oxidative DNA damage in pharmacy technicians preparing antineoplastic drugs at the PIVAS (Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service) in two Chinese hospitals. Methods Urinary 8-OHdG served as a...Objective To investigate oxidative DNA damage in pharmacy technicians preparing antineoplastic drugs at the PIVAS (Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service) in two Chinese hospitals. Methods Urinary 8-OHdG served as a biomarker. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) concentrations in air, masks and gloves were determined. The spill exposure of each PIVAS technician to antineoplastic drugs was investigated. Eighty subjects were divided into exposed group t, II, and control group I, II. Results 5-FU concentration ratios for gloves and masks in exposed group I were significantly higher than those in exposed group II (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). The average urinary 8-OHdG concentrations in exposed group I, control group I, exposed group II, and control group II were 24.69+0.93, 20.68+1.07, 20.57+0.55, and 12.96_+0.73 ng/mg Cr, respectively. Urinary 8-OHdG concentration in exposed group I was significantly higher than that in control group I or that in exposed group 11 (P〈0.02). There was a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG concentrations and spill frequencies per technician (P〈0.01). Conclusion There was detectable oxidative DNA damage in PIVAS technicians exposed to antineoplastic drugs. This oxidative DNA damage may be associated with their spill exposure experience and contamination of their personal protective equipment.展开更多
The antineoplastic activity of polysaccharide was investigated in Stichopus chlorontus, Isostichopus badionotus, Stichopus horrens and Holothuria lessoni massin. Crude polysaccharide was prepared with enzyme hydrolyza...The antineoplastic activity of polysaccharide was investigated in Stichopus chlorontus, Isostichopus badionotus, Stichopus horrens and Holothuria lessoni massin. Crude polysaccharide was prepared with enzyme hydrolyzation method and purified by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE-sepharose fast flow column. The effect of polysaccharide on cells apoptosis of SiHa and U87 was examined with cell counting kit-8 colorimetry method. Western blotting was used to analyze related proteins of cellular apoptosis including p53 and Bcl-2. Results showed that there were two main components in each sea cucumber polysaccharide, which could be eluted down by 1.0 mol/LNaCl solution. The four types of polysaccharide in the second component were named as SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2, respectively. They were used for comparing the antineoplastic activity. Results showed that SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2 could promote apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells. SH-2 and HLM-2 were selected for the subsequent experiment to explore the additional effect of U87 and SiHa cells, The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 decreased considerably with the increase of polysaccharide concentration in U87 cells. In SiHa cells, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and high dosage group of p53 decreased significantly, whereas no obvious decrease was observed in other groups. The polysaccharides are more effective in promoting apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells from S. horrens and H. lessoni massin than from the rest species.展开更多
Saffron, the most expensive spice in the world, is got by Crocus sativus L. stigmas. The production of this substance has attracted human interest, since ancient cultures, for its medicinal and culinary properties. Be...Saffron, the most expensive spice in the world, is got by Crocus sativus L. stigmas. The production of this substance has attracted human interest, since ancient cultures, for its medicinal and culinary properties. Because of saffron high economic value, sometimes, since Middle Ages, it is adulterated with other vegetal materials, dyes or synthetic molecules. Object of this work was the study of one of the best world saffron: Civitaretenga (AQ, Central Italy) C. sativus. Taste, color and aroma of Civitaretenga spice were determined, according to international standards (ISO/Technical Specification 3632), to define its high quality. A biochemical approach was then applied to obtain a secondary metabolite profile of this product. So, crocins, total phenolic content, flavonoids and phenolic acids were detected by HPLC-DAD and spectrophotometric analysis. Moreover, in vitro antioxidant properties and in vivo antineoplastic effects, on highly metastatic murine B16-F10 melanoma cell line, were successfully revealed in Civitaretenga C. sativus extract. All these data confirmed the elevated quality of Civitaretenga saffron and its highly reducing and chemopreventive activity.展开更多
ED50 of Pure Swainsonine (SW) to EMT6 cell strain is 1.2 (0.8-1.6) mg/L and the dose of entire lethal is 6.4 mg/L with MTT method. After ig crude extraction of SW to S180 sareoma rooted in mouse and EMT6 model mice wi...ED50 of Pure Swainsonine (SW) to EMT6 cell strain is 1.2 (0.8-1.6) mg/L and the dose of entire lethal is 6.4 mg/L with MTT method. After ig crude extraction of SW to S180 sareoma rooted in mouse and EMT6 model mice with breast carcinoma for 12 d at dose of 16 mg/kg, the inhibitory rates of weight amounts to 49.7% and 49.4% respectively (P<0.01). Given crude extraction of SW at 4 mg/kg combined with irradiation at 5 Gy60Co-γ, the inhibitory rate of weight of S180 amount to 64.5% (P<0.01). It shows that SW has obviously antineoplastic.展开更多
Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were transfectedwith pULB 3238, a plasmid carrying MVMp NS-1 genewith its original P4 promoter replaced by the glucocorticoid inducible promoter MMTV-LTR. After the integration and ex...Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were transfectedwith pULB 3238, a plasmid carrying MVMp NS-1 genewith its original P4 promoter replaced by the glucocorticoid inducible promoter MMTV-LTR. After the integration and expression of NS-1 gene, some of the transfectantsdied, while others remained alive, but the growth featuresof survived cells were changed. For further study on theantineoplastic function of parvoviral NS-1 protein in vivo,transgenic mice carrying NS-1 genes were established byconventional method. Among 4 founders, one of them wasfound to be able to transmit the transgene to around 50%of their offsprings. RT-PCR was performed to indicate theexpression of NS-1 gene in transgenic mice and its mRNAappeared in a variety of tissues. The expression of integrated NS-1 gene may correlate with the decreased incidence of tumor induced in vivo by chemical carcinogens.展开更多
Six active compounds are isolated from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina,inhabiting the Nanwan Bay in the South China Sea, using the bioassay-guided method with a combination of extraction and partitionation with su...Six active compounds are isolated from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina,inhabiting the Nanwan Bay in the South China Sea, using the bioassay-guided method with a combination of extraction and partitionation with suitable solvents as well as multiple column chromatographies ( Sephadex LH-20, ODS and preparative HPLC).Their structures are identified as known bryostatins-bryostatins 4, 5, 6, 10, 11 and 18 through intensive analysis of the data of high resolution 2D NMR (600 MHz, DQF-COSY,TOCSY, HMQC and ROESY) and ESI-MS. Among them, bryostatins 10, 11 and 18 are for the first time obtained from this bryozoan in the South China Sea and they show significant antineoplastic activities in vitro.展开更多
To broaden the applications of magnetized water(MW) in medical science, the possible detoxicative effect of MW to anticancer drugs in vivo were studied. After being given ip with cyclophosphomide (CTX) 500 mg...To broaden the applications of magnetized water(MW) in medical science, the possible detoxicative effect of MW to anticancer drugs in vivo were studied. After being given ip with cyclophosphomide (CTX) 500 mg/kg, cisplatin (DDP) 40 mg/kg, harringtonine (HA) 20 mg/kg, mitomycin C (MMC) 8 mg/kg, lycobetaine (Lyc) 200 mg/kg, respectively, the mice were given MW ip 0.2 ml for 7 days. The average life span was calculated for each group. After being given subacutely lower doses of anticancer drugs ( CTX 100 mg/kg, HA 3 mg/kg ) ip 3 times, the mice were given MW ip 0.2 ml for 7 days and the blood white cells were counted as routine. It was shown that the mice in MW groups after ip anticancer drugs survived longer than those without MW. The effects of various anticancer drugs on life span were different. The white cell numbers of groups with MW were higher than that of the groups without MW. So it is possible that MW can remarkably extend the life span of mice and attenuate the leukopenia by mitigating the toxicity of anticancer drugs in vivo .展开更多
A human K562 leukaemia call and acute adult leudaemia patient samples have been used to test the efficacy of antineoplastic agents with MTT assay.All 18 drugs were invoved.According to the purpose of experiment these...A human K562 leukaemia call and acute adult leudaemia patient samples have been used to test the efficacy of antineoplastic agents with MTT assay.All 18 drugs were invoved.According to the purpose of experiment these durgs were applied at different opportunities or combinations.The drug efficacy has been observed and summarized as four different conditions:1.the change of the time(△ T )closely related with drug effacacy, during the duration the change of drug concentration(△ C) at certain extent has almost no influence; 2the △ C closely related with the efficacy, the △ T has no influence;3. The △ C and △ T effect the results together;and 4.the △ C and △ T effect not the result. And then draw a conclution that the process or drug effacacy has a multiple function with flat distrtct.展开更多
Objective: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymatic activity identifies ovarian cancer stem-like cells. We investigated the antineoplastic activity of the ALDH inhibitor Disulfiram on bulk ovarian cancer cells and CD13...Objective: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymatic activity identifies ovarian cancer stem-like cells. We investigated the antineoplastic activity of the ALDH inhibitor Disulfiram on bulk ovarian cancer cells and CD133+/ALDH+ cancer stem-like cells. Study Design: Ovarian cancer cell lines, human ovarian surface epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells were treated with increasing concentrations of Disulfiram and/or Cisplatin in vitro. Treated cells were assessed for viability or FACS-analyzed for either percentage of ovarian cancer stem-like cells or induction of apoptosis. Disulfiram’s impact on cancer stem-like cells was tested in vitro using tumor sphere formation assays and in vivo using tumor initiation assays with in vitro-treated A2780 cells in NSG mice. Finally, Disulfiram’s in vivo activity was assessed versus CD133+/ALDH+ cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Results: Disulfiram demonstrated antineoplastic activity against multiple ovarian cancer cell lines. While Disulfiram had limited in vitro toxicity against human ovarian surface epithelial cells or mesenchymal stem cells (IC50 of ~15 μM and >30 μM, respectively), its antineoplastic activity against cell lines was comparable to Cisplatin (IC50 ~1.5 μM). Disulfiram-mediated cell death was due, at least in part, to induction of apoptosis. Disulfiram activity was additive with chemotherapy. Disulfiram demonstrated selective depletion of CD44+ cells but not the CD133+ cancer stem-like cells. Disulfiram had no therapeutic impact on tumor initiation studies or in vivo therapy of whole cell line or stem cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Conclusions: In biologically relevant concentrations, Disulfiram has clear antineoplastic activity against ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Disulfiram selectively depleted CD44+ but not CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cells in vitro. However, Disulfiram had no significant activity in vivo. Thus, improved and more selective ALDH inhibitors may be required to target ovarian cancer stem cells.展开更多
The recent spring up of the antineoplastic agents and the prolonged survival bring both challenge and chance to radiological practice.Radiological methods including CT,MRI and PET play an increasingly important role i...The recent spring up of the antineoplastic agents and the prolonged survival bring both challenge and chance to radiological practice.Radiological methods including CT,MRI and PET play an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of these antineoplastic drugs.However,different antineoplastic agents potentially induce different radiological signs,making it a challenge for radiological response evaluation,which depends mainly on one-sided morphological response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST)in the status quo of clinical practice.This brings opportunities for the development of radiomics,which is promising to serve as a surrogate for response evaluations of anti-tumor treatments.In this article,we introduce the basic concepts of radiomics,review the state-of-art radiomics researches with highlights of radiomics application in predictions of molecular biomarkers,treatment response,and prognosis.We also provide in-depth analyses on major obstacles and future direction of this new technique in clinical investigations on new antineoplastic agents.展开更多
Non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare form of cardiomyopathy;its most common clinical manifestations are heart failure (HF), ventricular arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and sudden cardiac death. We report a rare case o...Non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare form of cardiomyopathy;its most common clinical manifestations are heart failure (HF), ventricular arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and sudden cardiac death. We report a rare case of a 63-year-old man with chest tightness, worsening lower leg edema, dyspnea, and decreased exercise tolerance. He had a medical history of gastric cancer treated with subtotal gastrectomy and post-operative chemotherapy with paclitaxel and fluorouracil three years ago. At that time, he was diagnosed with non-compaction cardiomyopathy, and the thickened and reticulated trabecular muscle was exclusively confined to left ventricular apex. Five months ago, he was admitted to our hospital with heart failure and treated for dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiography revealed severe trabecular noncompact myocardium in both ventricles, which was confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). It is generally accepted that non-compacted myocardium forms in the early embryonic stage, which raises a question in our case whether acquired factors, such as antineoplastic drugs, potentially accelerate the pathological progression of non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Considering there are disparities between current screening tools such as echocardiography and CMR regarding diagnostic criteria, multi-detector CT may be an alternative examination method that could provide a new perspective for diagnosis.展开更多
The various fibroproliferative disorders affecting humans have in common excess fibroblast activity and persistent overexpression or dysregulated activity of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Cancer has many s...The various fibroproliferative disorders affecting humans have in common excess fibroblast activity and persistent overexpression or dysregulated activity of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Cancer has many similar characteristics. Antineoplastic drugs can downregulate fibroblast activity and cytokine growth factors. This study evaluates the effect of six antineoplastic drugs on keloid and Dupuytren’s disease fibroblasts. Keloid, normal scar, Dupuytren’s affected palmar fascia, and normal palmar fascia fibroblasts were grown and seeded into Fibroblast Populated Collagen Lattices (FPCLs). The FPCLs were treated with one of six antineoplastic drugs or left untreated as controls. At 7 days, supernatants were extracted from all FPCLs and assayed for expression of Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF)-β<sub>1</sub> and TGF-β<sub>2</sub>. All six antineoplastic drugs significantly inhibited FPCL contraction in both fibroproliferative conditions compared with the untreated controls (p β<sub>1</sub> and TGF-β<sub>2</sub> expression was downregulated in the supernatants of all FPCLs by the drug exposure. Cytotoxicity did not occur in these studies and was not the reason for the results. Although antineoplastic drugs can have significant side effects when given systemically, these results may be minimized when given to small areas involved in fibroproliferative scarring or when given topically or intralesionally. These in vitro results suggest that antineoplastic drugs may have a utility for treating various fibroproliferative disorders and warrant further investigation.展开更多
Objective:To explore the relationships between Chinese nurses’knowledge,perceptions,and attitudes and their behavior and actual implementation of safety measures when handling antineoplastic drugs(ADs)in their daily ...Objective:To explore the relationships between Chinese nurses’knowledge,perceptions,and attitudes and their behavior and actual implementation of safety measures when handling antineoplastic drugs(ADs)in their daily work.Methods:This was a multisite study conducted in 8 public hospitals in China.A self-administered questionnaire was sent to par ticipants querying the degree of contact with ADs.The hypothesized relations were explored using structural equation modelling via the bootstrap method.Mediation analysis was applied to explore the mediating role of protective knowledge regarding AD exposure on the associations among protective training,using warning labels,and using protective masks.Results:A total of 305 nurses were enrolled.The average age of all par ticipants was 30.2(standard deviation[SD]:6.2)years.Nurses who had received protective training for AD exposure were more likely to use labels for ADs after age,body mass index(BMI),length of service,marital status,education,and department were controlled as covariates.The bias-corrected bootstrap of 95%confidence interval(CI)indicated that protective knowledge significantly mediated(23.4%)the association between protective training and using labels(indirect effect=0.202,95%CI:0.009,0.495);the proportion of mediation was 23.4%.Protective knowledge significantly mediated the association between protective training and using protective masks(indirect effect=0.157,95%CI:0.048,0.325);the propor tion of mediation was 27.2%.Conclusions:The findings of this study have provided baseline information on the current state of Chinese nurses’perceptions,knowledge,and preventive behaviors toward ADs as the crisis is happening.Training is also recommended to improve nurses’perceptions of the risks associated with ADs.展开更多
目的探讨安罗替尼相关高血压的临床特点。方法检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库(截至2023年7月31日),收集安罗替尼相关高血压文献病例报告类文献,提取患者基本情况、安罗替尼用药情况、高血压情况、干预措施和转归等,...目的探讨安罗替尼相关高血压的临床特点。方法检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库(截至2023年7月31日),收集安罗替尼相关高血压文献病例报告类文献,提取患者基本情况、安罗替尼用药情况、高血压情况、干预措施和转归等,进行描述性统计分析。结果纳入分析的文献为16篇,患者18例,男性8例,女性10例;年龄27~76岁,平均58岁;非小细胞肺癌13例,结缔组织和软组织恶性肿瘤2例,肝内胆管癌1例,卵巢癌1例,子宫癌1例。联用其他抗肿瘤药物4例;安罗替尼初始剂量均为12 mg/d。发生的高血压分级为1级3例(17%),2级4例(22%),3级9例(50%),4级2例(11%)。除8例患者从服用安罗替尼至发生高血压的时间不详外,其余10例患者从服用安罗替尼至发生高血压的时间在7 d~6个月内,中位时间36(30,42)d,其中7例(39%)发生在服用安罗替尼2个月内。18例患者中出现不同程度乏力6例(33%),头痛6例(33%),头晕5例(28%),呕吐3例(17%),视物模糊2例(11%),恶心1例(6%),抽搐1例(6%)。13例伴其他不良反应,其中手足综合征7例(39%),蛋白尿3例(17%),高脂血症3例(17%),可逆性后部白质脑病综合征2例(11%),癫痫1例(6%),便血1例(6%),皮疹1例(6%)。1~2级患者安罗替尼未调整(6例)或减量治疗(1例)后耐受良好;3~4级患者中,8例停用安罗替尼且接受降压药治疗,2例减量治疗,1例未调整,随访血压控制平稳。结论安罗替尼相关高血压多发生在用药2个月内,往往伴其他不良反应,3级以上高血压常见,但大多数患者经对症处理、停药或减量后转归良好。展开更多
目的 检索、评价并整合免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)相关皮肤不良反应(irAEs)管理的相关证据。方法 系统检索循证决策支持系统BMJ Best Practice、JBI图书馆、Cochrane图书馆、英国国家卫生和临床优化研究所、苏格兰校际指南、Web of scienc...目的 检索、评价并整合免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)相关皮肤不良反应(irAEs)管理的相关证据。方法 系统检索循证决策支持系统BMJ Best Practice、JBI图书馆、Cochrane图书馆、英国国家卫生和临床优化研究所、苏格兰校际指南、Web of science、美国国立综合癌症网络等专业学会网站、PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方中关于ICIs irAEs管理的指南、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价,检索时间限定为2013年1月1月-2022年10月31日。对检索的文献进行质量评价后,再对证据进行提取和整合。结果 共纳入9篇文献,其中包括4篇指南、1篇证据总结、4篇专家共识。经过阅读、提取和归纳,共总结出14条证据,包括培训、健康教育、评估与监测和治疗4个方面。结论 临床医护人员应应用最佳证据对ICIs irAEs进行规范管理,降低irAEs的发生。展开更多
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Health Bureau in Zhejiang Province (2009A089)Scientific Research Fund of Education Bureau in Zhejiang Province (Y200804934)
文摘Objective To investigate oxidative DNA damage in pharmacy technicians preparing antineoplastic drugs at the PIVAS (Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service) in two Chinese hospitals. Methods Urinary 8-OHdG served as a biomarker. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) concentrations in air, masks and gloves were determined. The spill exposure of each PIVAS technician to antineoplastic drugs was investigated. Eighty subjects were divided into exposed group t, II, and control group I, II. Results 5-FU concentration ratios for gloves and masks in exposed group I were significantly higher than those in exposed group II (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). The average urinary 8-OHdG concentrations in exposed group I, control group I, exposed group II, and control group II were 24.69+0.93, 20.68+1.07, 20.57+0.55, and 12.96_+0.73 ng/mg Cr, respectively. Urinary 8-OHdG concentration in exposed group I was significantly higher than that in control group I or that in exposed group 11 (P〈0.02). There was a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG concentrations and spill frequencies per technician (P〈0.01). Conclusion There was detectable oxidative DNA damage in PIVAS technicians exposed to antineoplastic drugs. This oxidative DNA damage may be associated with their spill exposure experience and contamination of their personal protective equipment.
基金supported by Fund of Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing,Ministry of Agriculture,China(No.NYJG201505)Special Scientific Re search Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(No.2016HY-ZD0801)
文摘The antineoplastic activity of polysaccharide was investigated in Stichopus chlorontus, Isostichopus badionotus, Stichopus horrens and Holothuria lessoni massin. Crude polysaccharide was prepared with enzyme hydrolyzation method and purified by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE-sepharose fast flow column. The effect of polysaccharide on cells apoptosis of SiHa and U87 was examined with cell counting kit-8 colorimetry method. Western blotting was used to analyze related proteins of cellular apoptosis including p53 and Bcl-2. Results showed that there were two main components in each sea cucumber polysaccharide, which could be eluted down by 1.0 mol/LNaCl solution. The four types of polysaccharide in the second component were named as SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2, respectively. They were used for comparing the antineoplastic activity. Results showed that SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2 could promote apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells. SH-2 and HLM-2 were selected for the subsequent experiment to explore the additional effect of U87 and SiHa cells, The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 decreased considerably with the increase of polysaccharide concentration in U87 cells. In SiHa cells, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and high dosage group of p53 decreased significantly, whereas no obvious decrease was observed in other groups. The polysaccharides are more effective in promoting apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells from S. horrens and H. lessoni massin than from the rest species.
文摘Saffron, the most expensive spice in the world, is got by Crocus sativus L. stigmas. The production of this substance has attracted human interest, since ancient cultures, for its medicinal and culinary properties. Because of saffron high economic value, sometimes, since Middle Ages, it is adulterated with other vegetal materials, dyes or synthetic molecules. Object of this work was the study of one of the best world saffron: Civitaretenga (AQ, Central Italy) C. sativus. Taste, color and aroma of Civitaretenga spice were determined, according to international standards (ISO/Technical Specification 3632), to define its high quality. A biochemical approach was then applied to obtain a secondary metabolite profile of this product. So, crocins, total phenolic content, flavonoids and phenolic acids were detected by HPLC-DAD and spectrophotometric analysis. Moreover, in vitro antioxidant properties and in vivo antineoplastic effects, on highly metastatic murine B16-F10 melanoma cell line, were successfully revealed in Civitaretenga C. sativus extract. All these data confirmed the elevated quality of Civitaretenga saffron and its highly reducing and chemopreventive activity.
文摘ED50 of Pure Swainsonine (SW) to EMT6 cell strain is 1.2 (0.8-1.6) mg/L and the dose of entire lethal is 6.4 mg/L with MTT method. After ig crude extraction of SW to S180 sareoma rooted in mouse and EMT6 model mice with breast carcinoma for 12 d at dose of 16 mg/kg, the inhibitory rates of weight amounts to 49.7% and 49.4% respectively (P<0.01). Given crude extraction of SW at 4 mg/kg combined with irradiation at 5 Gy60Co-γ, the inhibitory rate of weight of S180 amount to 64.5% (P<0.01). It shows that SW has obviously antineoplastic.
文摘Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were transfectedwith pULB 3238, a plasmid carrying MVMp NS-1 genewith its original P4 promoter replaced by the glucocorticoid inducible promoter MMTV-LTR. After the integration and expression of NS-1 gene, some of the transfectantsdied, while others remained alive, but the growth featuresof survived cells were changed. For further study on theantineoplastic function of parvoviral NS-1 protein in vivo,transgenic mice carrying NS-1 genes were established byconventional method. Among 4 founders, one of them wasfound to be able to transmit the transgene to around 50%of their offsprings. RT-PCR was performed to indicate theexpression of NS-1 gene in transgenic mice and its mRNAappeared in a variety of tissues. The expression of integrated NS-1 gene may correlate with the decreased incidence of tumor induced in vivo by chemical carcinogens.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC,29672050).
文摘Six active compounds are isolated from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina,inhabiting the Nanwan Bay in the South China Sea, using the bioassay-guided method with a combination of extraction and partitionation with suitable solvents as well as multiple column chromatographies ( Sephadex LH-20, ODS and preparative HPLC).Their structures are identified as known bryostatins-bryostatins 4, 5, 6, 10, 11 and 18 through intensive analysis of the data of high resolution 2D NMR (600 MHz, DQF-COSY,TOCSY, HMQC and ROESY) and ESI-MS. Among them, bryostatins 10, 11 and 18 are for the first time obtained from this bryozoan in the South China Sea and they show significant antineoplastic activities in vitro.
文摘To broaden the applications of magnetized water(MW) in medical science, the possible detoxicative effect of MW to anticancer drugs in vivo were studied. After being given ip with cyclophosphomide (CTX) 500 mg/kg, cisplatin (DDP) 40 mg/kg, harringtonine (HA) 20 mg/kg, mitomycin C (MMC) 8 mg/kg, lycobetaine (Lyc) 200 mg/kg, respectively, the mice were given MW ip 0.2 ml for 7 days. The average life span was calculated for each group. After being given subacutely lower doses of anticancer drugs ( CTX 100 mg/kg, HA 3 mg/kg ) ip 3 times, the mice were given MW ip 0.2 ml for 7 days and the blood white cells were counted as routine. It was shown that the mice in MW groups after ip anticancer drugs survived longer than those without MW. The effects of various anticancer drugs on life span were different. The white cell numbers of groups with MW were higher than that of the groups without MW. So it is possible that MW can remarkably extend the life span of mice and attenuate the leukopenia by mitigating the toxicity of anticancer drugs in vivo .
文摘A human K562 leukaemia call and acute adult leudaemia patient samples have been used to test the efficacy of antineoplastic agents with MTT assay.All 18 drugs were invoved.According to the purpose of experiment these durgs were applied at different opportunities or combinations.The drug efficacy has been observed and summarized as four different conditions:1.the change of the time(△ T )closely related with drug effacacy, during the duration the change of drug concentration(△ C) at certain extent has almost no influence; 2the △ C closely related with the efficacy, the △ T has no influence;3. The △ C and △ T effect the results together;and 4.the △ C and △ T effect not the result. And then draw a conclution that the process or drug effacacy has a multiple function with flat distrtct.
文摘Objective: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymatic activity identifies ovarian cancer stem-like cells. We investigated the antineoplastic activity of the ALDH inhibitor Disulfiram on bulk ovarian cancer cells and CD133+/ALDH+ cancer stem-like cells. Study Design: Ovarian cancer cell lines, human ovarian surface epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells were treated with increasing concentrations of Disulfiram and/or Cisplatin in vitro. Treated cells were assessed for viability or FACS-analyzed for either percentage of ovarian cancer stem-like cells or induction of apoptosis. Disulfiram’s impact on cancer stem-like cells was tested in vitro using tumor sphere formation assays and in vivo using tumor initiation assays with in vitro-treated A2780 cells in NSG mice. Finally, Disulfiram’s in vivo activity was assessed versus CD133+/ALDH+ cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Results: Disulfiram demonstrated antineoplastic activity against multiple ovarian cancer cell lines. While Disulfiram had limited in vitro toxicity against human ovarian surface epithelial cells or mesenchymal stem cells (IC50 of ~15 μM and >30 μM, respectively), its antineoplastic activity against cell lines was comparable to Cisplatin (IC50 ~1.5 μM). Disulfiram-mediated cell death was due, at least in part, to induction of apoptosis. Disulfiram activity was additive with chemotherapy. Disulfiram demonstrated selective depletion of CD44+ cells but not the CD133+ cancer stem-like cells. Disulfiram had no therapeutic impact on tumor initiation studies or in vivo therapy of whole cell line or stem cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Conclusions: In biologically relevant concentrations, Disulfiram has clear antineoplastic activity against ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Disulfiram selectively depleted CD44+ but not CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cells in vitro. However, Disulfiram had no significant activity in vivo. Thus, improved and more selective ALDH inhibitors may be required to target ovarian cancer stem cells.
文摘The recent spring up of the antineoplastic agents and the prolonged survival bring both challenge and chance to radiological practice.Radiological methods including CT,MRI and PET play an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of these antineoplastic drugs.However,different antineoplastic agents potentially induce different radiological signs,making it a challenge for radiological response evaluation,which depends mainly on one-sided morphological response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST)in the status quo of clinical practice.This brings opportunities for the development of radiomics,which is promising to serve as a surrogate for response evaluations of anti-tumor treatments.In this article,we introduce the basic concepts of radiomics,review the state-of-art radiomics researches with highlights of radiomics application in predictions of molecular biomarkers,treatment response,and prognosis.We also provide in-depth analyses on major obstacles and future direction of this new technique in clinical investigations on new antineoplastic agents.
文摘Non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare form of cardiomyopathy;its most common clinical manifestations are heart failure (HF), ventricular arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and sudden cardiac death. We report a rare case of a 63-year-old man with chest tightness, worsening lower leg edema, dyspnea, and decreased exercise tolerance. He had a medical history of gastric cancer treated with subtotal gastrectomy and post-operative chemotherapy with paclitaxel and fluorouracil three years ago. At that time, he was diagnosed with non-compaction cardiomyopathy, and the thickened and reticulated trabecular muscle was exclusively confined to left ventricular apex. Five months ago, he was admitted to our hospital with heart failure and treated for dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiography revealed severe trabecular noncompact myocardium in both ventricles, which was confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). It is generally accepted that non-compacted myocardium forms in the early embryonic stage, which raises a question in our case whether acquired factors, such as antineoplastic drugs, potentially accelerate the pathological progression of non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Considering there are disparities between current screening tools such as echocardiography and CMR regarding diagnostic criteria, multi-detector CT may be an alternative examination method that could provide a new perspective for diagnosis.
文摘The various fibroproliferative disorders affecting humans have in common excess fibroblast activity and persistent overexpression or dysregulated activity of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Cancer has many similar characteristics. Antineoplastic drugs can downregulate fibroblast activity and cytokine growth factors. This study evaluates the effect of six antineoplastic drugs on keloid and Dupuytren’s disease fibroblasts. Keloid, normal scar, Dupuytren’s affected palmar fascia, and normal palmar fascia fibroblasts were grown and seeded into Fibroblast Populated Collagen Lattices (FPCLs). The FPCLs were treated with one of six antineoplastic drugs or left untreated as controls. At 7 days, supernatants were extracted from all FPCLs and assayed for expression of Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF)-β<sub>1</sub> and TGF-β<sub>2</sub>. All six antineoplastic drugs significantly inhibited FPCL contraction in both fibroproliferative conditions compared with the untreated controls (p β<sub>1</sub> and TGF-β<sub>2</sub> expression was downregulated in the supernatants of all FPCLs by the drug exposure. Cytotoxicity did not occur in these studies and was not the reason for the results. Although antineoplastic drugs can have significant side effects when given systemically, these results may be minimized when given to small areas involved in fibroproliferative scarring or when given topically or intralesionally. These in vitro results suggest that antineoplastic drugs may have a utility for treating various fibroproliferative disorders and warrant further investigation.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission System Key Discipline Building Capacity Improvement Project(No.201606053)the Science and Technology Joint funding Project of Zunyi Medical University of Zunyi Science and Technology Bureau(NO.[2020]38)the Project of philosophy and Social Science Planning of Zhuhai City 2021-2022(NO.[2021]YBA037)。
文摘Objective:To explore the relationships between Chinese nurses’knowledge,perceptions,and attitudes and their behavior and actual implementation of safety measures when handling antineoplastic drugs(ADs)in their daily work.Methods:This was a multisite study conducted in 8 public hospitals in China.A self-administered questionnaire was sent to par ticipants querying the degree of contact with ADs.The hypothesized relations were explored using structural equation modelling via the bootstrap method.Mediation analysis was applied to explore the mediating role of protective knowledge regarding AD exposure on the associations among protective training,using warning labels,and using protective masks.Results:A total of 305 nurses were enrolled.The average age of all par ticipants was 30.2(standard deviation[SD]:6.2)years.Nurses who had received protective training for AD exposure were more likely to use labels for ADs after age,body mass index(BMI),length of service,marital status,education,and department were controlled as covariates.The bias-corrected bootstrap of 95%confidence interval(CI)indicated that protective knowledge significantly mediated(23.4%)the association between protective training and using labels(indirect effect=0.202,95%CI:0.009,0.495);the proportion of mediation was 23.4%.Protective knowledge significantly mediated the association between protective training and using protective masks(indirect effect=0.157,95%CI:0.048,0.325);the propor tion of mediation was 27.2%.Conclusions:The findings of this study have provided baseline information on the current state of Chinese nurses’perceptions,knowledge,and preventive behaviors toward ADs as the crisis is happening.Training is also recommended to improve nurses’perceptions of the risks associated with ADs.
文摘目的探讨安罗替尼相关高血压的临床特点。方法检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库(截至2023年7月31日),收集安罗替尼相关高血压文献病例报告类文献,提取患者基本情况、安罗替尼用药情况、高血压情况、干预措施和转归等,进行描述性统计分析。结果纳入分析的文献为16篇,患者18例,男性8例,女性10例;年龄27~76岁,平均58岁;非小细胞肺癌13例,结缔组织和软组织恶性肿瘤2例,肝内胆管癌1例,卵巢癌1例,子宫癌1例。联用其他抗肿瘤药物4例;安罗替尼初始剂量均为12 mg/d。发生的高血压分级为1级3例(17%),2级4例(22%),3级9例(50%),4级2例(11%)。除8例患者从服用安罗替尼至发生高血压的时间不详外,其余10例患者从服用安罗替尼至发生高血压的时间在7 d~6个月内,中位时间36(30,42)d,其中7例(39%)发生在服用安罗替尼2个月内。18例患者中出现不同程度乏力6例(33%),头痛6例(33%),头晕5例(28%),呕吐3例(17%),视物模糊2例(11%),恶心1例(6%),抽搐1例(6%)。13例伴其他不良反应,其中手足综合征7例(39%),蛋白尿3例(17%),高脂血症3例(17%),可逆性后部白质脑病综合征2例(11%),癫痫1例(6%),便血1例(6%),皮疹1例(6%)。1~2级患者安罗替尼未调整(6例)或减量治疗(1例)后耐受良好;3~4级患者中,8例停用安罗替尼且接受降压药治疗,2例减量治疗,1例未调整,随访血压控制平稳。结论安罗替尼相关高血压多发生在用药2个月内,往往伴其他不良反应,3级以上高血压常见,但大多数患者经对症处理、停药或减量后转归良好。